41:
124:
136:
577:(sometimes: Kamonyai) swapped his armour for Hunyadi's armour so that the Turks would believe he was Hunyadi. Kamonyai was to execute a head-on attack, while Hunyadi went around Mesid's army. Kamonyai was killed in action, however Hunyadi with the Hungarian heavy cavalry charged Mesid, crushed the Turks and killed Mezid. Hunyadi was able to ransom LĂ©pes's head with Mesid's head.
570:' forces (2,000 men) clashed with Mezid near Sântimbru. The Ottomans won by forces of numbers and Hunyadi was forced to retreat, but Mezid did not pursue Hunyadi. Lépes was taken prisoner and Mezid beheaded the bishop.
639:
for the following year, which he intended to lead personally. In order to immediately avenge the defection of the
Wallachian voivode and the defeat of Mezid Bey, the Sultan entrusted one of his famous lieutenants,
216:
209:
912:
544:, proclaimed in the autumn of 1441 that a raid into Hungarian Transylvania would take place in March 1442. In early March 1442, the marcher lord Mezid Bey led 16,000
202:
669:, Hunyadi wiped out Shehabbedin's army in the second greatest victory of Hunyadi's career, surpassed only by the rout of the Ottoman sultan's army in 1456 at the
907:
422:
294:
271:
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917:
937:
860:
947:
922:
636:
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885:
942:
932:
927:
408:
628:, who until that time had recognized the authority of the Polish king, to renew their loyalty to the Hungarian king.
227:
40:
952:
631:
The defeat of Mezid Bey in
Transylvania and the surrender of the Wallachian and Moldavian voivodes incited Sultan
455:
372:
670:
430:
396:
384:
360:
303:
437:
662:
957:
348:
756:[The Ottoman Campaign of March 1442. Remarks on The First Anti-Ottoman Struggles of János Hunyadi]
654:, who volunteered for this task with great confidence wishing to punish Wallachia and Transylvania. Sultan
625:
414:
32:
28:
647:
378:
326:
354:
768:(1–2). Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Bölcsészettudományi Kutatóközpont Történettudományi Intézet : 43–54.
621:
522:
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51:
574:
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518:
336:
331:
128:
77:
609:
567:
486:
366:
156:
84:
845:
The Holy Wars of King
Wladislas and Sultan Murad: The Ottoman-Christian Conflict from 1438–1444
881:
856:
533:
478:
604:, Hunyadi chased the Ottomans beyond the Hungarian borders and the Hungarian army penetrated
852:
658:
tasked him to not dare return before the conquest of the two territories had been achieved.
390:
317:
286:
170:
160:
341:
753:
754:"Az 1442. márciusi török hadjárat – Adalékok Hunyadi János első törökellenes harcaihoz"
635:
to revenge; he was resolved to a general, large-scale retaliatory campaign against the
616:
to again be a
Hungarian vassal. Later continuing his campaign, Hunyadi also forced the
613:
593:
482:
140:
580:
According to historian Tamás Pálosfalvi, Hunyadi was not present at the first battle.
485:
on March 18 and March 22, 1442, near
Marosszentimre and Hermannstadt (Szeben), modern
896:
803:
780:
601:
589:
529:
514:
505:
in 1437 and the defeat of Ishak Beg midway between
Semendria and Belgrade in 1441.
498:
152:
46:
689:
A Global
Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East
501:. Hermannstadt was Hunyadi's third victory over the Ottomans after the relief of
642:
605:
555:
551:
502:
655:
632:
617:
541:
194:
651:
521:. For up to 45 days the Ottomans without let or hindrance attacked the
494:
848:
666:
546:
517:, where in 1437 the Ottomans had been beaten by an uprising under
490:
90:
198:
823:
821:
699:
697:
550:
691:, Vol. I, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 337.
806:[The Triumph of the Iron Gate in July 1442].
16:
15th-century battle during the
Ottoman–Hungarian Wars
783:[The Battle of Szeben on 25 March 1442].
532:came to power. Hunyadi attacked the Ottomans in
540:got the best of Ishak bey. The Ottoman Sultan,
21:
210:
8:
812:The Military History of the Hungarian Nation
789:The Military History of the Hungarian Nation
573:Hunyadi's army regrouped near Hermannstadt.
217:
203:
195:
76:Marosszentimre and Hermannstadt (Szeben),
18:
827:
739:
727:
715:
703:
525:and Hungarian villages and market towns.
497:. The Hungarian forces were commanded by
804:"A vaskapui diadal 1442 július havában"
681:
913:Battles of the Ottoman–Hungarian Wars
781:"A szebeni csata 1442. március 25-én"
477:, was fought between the army of the
7:
908:Battles involving the Ottoman Empire
880:("Great Warlords"), Anno Publisher,
592:defeated Mezid Bey and the raiding
513:In 1438 Ottoman marauders attacked
14:
596:army in the southern part of the
558:and marching north in formation.
134:
122:
39:
814:] (in Hungarian). Budapest.
791:] (in Hungarian). Budapest.
918:Battles involving Transylvania
1:
808:A magyar nemzet hadtörténelme
785:A magyar nemzet hadtörténelme
938:15th century in Transylvania
948:1440s in the Ottoman Empire
923:Military history of Hungary
107:22 March: Hungarian victory
974:
752:Pálosfalvi, Tamás (2001).
67:18 March and 22 March 1442
903:Battles involving Hungary
612:, Hunyadi forced Voivode
523:Transylvanian Saxon lands
453:
238:
180:
146:
115:
105:18 March: Ottoman victory
59:
38:
26:
843:Jefferson, John (2012).
943:15th century in Romania
933:15th century in Hungary
928:History of Sibiu County
663:Battle of the Iron Gate
278:War of the South Danube
467:Battle of Hermannstadt
229:Hungarian–Ottoman Wars
147:Commanders and leaders
33:Ottoman-Hungarian Wars
29:Ottoman wars in Europe
22:Battle of Hermannstadt
456:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
423:Hungarian–Ottoman War
295:Hungarian–Ottoman War
272:Hungarian–Ottoman War
255:Hungarian–Ottoman War
249:Hungarian–Ottoman War
243:Hungarian–Ottoman War
469:, also known as the
830:, pp. 290–291.
566:On March 18 bishop
538:Battle of Smederevo
52:Chronica Hungarorum
762:Történelmi Szemle
637:Kingdom of Hungary
598:Kingdom of Hungary
519:Antal Nagy de Buda
129:Kingdom of Hungary
78:Kingdom of Hungary
953:Conflicts in 1442
862:978-90-04-21904-5
802:Bánlaky, József.
779:Bánlaky, József.
671:Siege of Belgrade
479:Hungarian Kingdom
462:
461:
397:Serbia Expedition
193:
192:
111:
110:
96:
965:
866:
853:Brill Publishers
831:
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764:(in Hungarian).
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713:
707:
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475:Battle of Szeben
318:Crusade of Varna
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471:Battle of Sibiu
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458:
449:
436:
425: (1521–26)
411: (1480–81)
345:
320: (1443–44)
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297: (1437–42)
280: (1420–32)
274: (1415–19)
257: (1389–96)
251: (1375–77)
245: (1366–67)
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169:Mezid Bey
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958:1442 in Europe
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828:Jefferson 2012
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742:, p. 285.
740:Jefferson 2012
732:
730:, p. 284.
728:Jefferson 2012
720:
718:, p. 283.
716:Jefferson 2012
708:
706:, p. 282.
704:Jefferson 2012
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614:Vlad II Dracul
610:Red Tower Pass
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45:The battle of
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886:963-9066-66-4
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602:Transylvania
590:John Hunyadi
587:
579:
575:Simon Kemény
572:
568:György Lépes
565:
545:
530:John Hunyadi
527:
515:Transylvania
512:
499:John Hunyadi
474:
470:
466:
464:
446: (1526)
440: (1521)
433: (1521)
417: (1493)
415:Krbava Field
405: (1479)
399: (1477)
393: (1475)
387: (1464)
381: (1464)
375: (1459)
369: (1458)
363: (1456)
357: (1454)
351: (1448)
309:Hermannstadt
308:
172:
162:
157:György Lépes
153:John Hunyadi
116:Belligerents
89:
83:
50:
47:John Hunyadi
27:Part of the
876:Pál Földi.
665:, near the
646:(governor)
536:and at the
49:at Szeben (
897:Categories
837:References
648:Ĺžehabeddin
626:Stephen II
509:Background
403:Breadfield
189:16,000 men
677:Citations
643:Beylerbey
620:voivodes
618:Moldavian
606:Wallachia
584:Aftermath
556:Nicopolis
552:Wallachia
503:Smederevo
487:Sântimbru
373:Smederevo
264:Nicopolis
93:, Romania
85:Sântimbru
656:Murad II
633:Murad II
542:Murad II
528:In 1441
481:and the
431:Belgrade
361:Belgrade
355:Kruševac
337:Kunovica
332:Zlatitsa
304:Belgrade
181:Strength
82:(today:
72:Location
871:Sources
661:In the
652:Rumelia
608:at the
594:Ottoman
495:Romania
473:or the
409:Otranto
385:Zvornik
287:Golubac
186:Unknown
173:†
163:†
55:, 1488)
884:
859:
849:Leiden
667:Danube
562:Battle
547:akinji
534:Serbia
444:Mohács
391:Vaslui
349:Kosovo
159:
102:Result
810:[
787:[
766:XLIII
758:(PDF)
588:When
491:Sibiu
438:Ĺ abac
379:Jajce
367:UĹľice
342:Várna
91:Sibiu
882:ISBN
857:ISBN
624:and
622:Ilie
489:and
465:The
327:Nish
88:and
64:Date
650:of
600:in
554:at
899::
855:.
851::
847:.
820:^
760:.
696:^
673:.
493:,
865:.
344:)
325:(
311:)
302:(
289:)
285:(
266:)
262:(
218:e
211:t
204:v
95:)
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