172:, a shield of Argive design, gave their army an advantage over the Spartans, who were annihilated by their opponents. If the battle occurred within the walls of Hysiae, the Spartan army could have been packed in by the proto-phalanx employed by the Argives. This formation may have been the invention of Pheidon.
222:
The fourth year of the twenty-seventh
Olympiad corresponds with 669 or 668 BC. The dating of the Argive tyrant Pheidon is very uncertain, but some scholars have suggested that this Argive defeat of Sparta occurred when
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was king of Argos, since
Pheidon was famed for his military success and daring. Some scholars suggest that the battle of Hysiae was invented by the Argives, or that Pausanias misunderstood what he had been told.
148:, near the border with Sparta. Modern scholars suggest that the battle marked a turning point in military history, because their defeat led the Spartans to change their military strategy, adopting the
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Nothing else is known about the conflict, except that the location in the
Argolis suggests the repulse of a Spartan invasion. Hysiae was a stronghold located to the southwest of Argos and east of
212:, won the foot-race. On coming down to a lower level you reach the ruins of Hysiae, which once was a city in Argolis, and here it is that they say the Lacedaemonians suffered their reverse.
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Conventional warfare at this time usually involved armies meeting in an open field. The reason why the
Argives chose to give battle at Hysiae is unclear. By this time, the
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in place of the loose spear-throwing formations prevalent until then. In the centuries to come, the phalanx revolutionised warfare in the
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141:. Pausanias reports no details of the battle, although he was shown the burial-site of the Argive dead.
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in conflict with their neighbors, the battle was mentioned by
Pausanias as a significant victory for
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This battle, recorded only by
Pausanias about eight hundred years later, is not to be confused with
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that occurred there in 417 BC, recorded by
Thucydides shortly afterwards. Pausanias relates:
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Kelly, "Did the
Argives Defeat the Spartans at Hysiae in 669 B. C.?"
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in battle at Hysiae. This fight took place, I discovered, when
418:"Did the Argives Defeat the Spartans at Hysiae in 669 B. C.?"
27:
Battle between
Archaic Greek city-states of Sparta and Argos
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Here are common graves of the
Argives who conquered the
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A History of the Archaic Greek World, ca. 1200–479 BCE
430:Richard Stillwell and William L. MacDonald (eds.),
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But at Argos they made the aspis larger and tougher
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243:
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406:, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1854).
133:. One of the few major setbacks suffered by the
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432:The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites
427:, vol. 91, No. 1 (Jan. 1970), pp. 31–42.
265:, vol. I, pp. 203 ("Argos"), 1108 ("Hysiae").
8:
129:669 BC during the rule of the Argive tyrant
204:, in the fourth year of the twenty-seventh
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334:Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites
399:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
263:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
237:
441:, Blackwell Publishing, Malden (2007).
7:
434:, Princeton University press (1976).
217:trans. W.H.S. Jones and H.A. Omerod
363:History of the Archaic Greek World
25:
413:, University of Virginia (1956).
467:Battles involving ancient Argos
1:
424:American Journal of Philology
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208:, in which the Athenian,
117:as having been fought at
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18:Battle of Hysiae (669 BC)
462:Battles involving Sparta
457:7th-century BC conflicts
394:(Description of Greece).
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93:Commanders and leaders
336:, p. 401 ("Hysiai").
392:Hellados Periegesis
437:Jonathan M. Hall,
411:The Greek Tyrants
409:Antony Andrewes,
347:The Greek Tyrants
308:Battle of Hyisiai
277:Battle of Hyisiai
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16:(Redirected from
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111:Battle of Hysiae
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190:Lacedaemonians
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286:. Retrieved
282:the original
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194:Peisistratus
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76:Belligerents
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251:ii. 24. § 7
249:Pausanias,
125:, possibly
451:Categories
345:Andrewes,
232:References
182:the battle
103:(possibly)
388:Pausanias
210:Eurybotus
115:Pausanias
47:c. 669 BC
319:19 April
288:19 April
215:—
206:Olympiad
154:hoplites
135:Spartans
52:Location
225:Pheidon
176:Sources
150:phalanx
131:Pheidon
123:Argolis
121:in the
101:Pheidon
361:Hall,
202:Athens
198:archon
164:Battle
119:Hysiae
82:Sparta
64:Result
420:, in
170:aspis
146:Tegea
139:Argos
87:Argos
422:The
321:2017
290:2017
196:was
44:Date
200:at
152:of
453::
402:,
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354:^
292:.
240:^
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127:c.
109:A
323:.
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20:)
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