852:
traps and trip wires that had been set up in front the
Australian position and from heavy small arms fire, but they succeeded in pushing the Australians back slightly to the south. Meanwhile, the II Battalion attempted a flanking move to the west, where they came up against the 2/31st Infantry Battalion, which was occupying a position on the flank that the Japanese had thought was unheld. Heavy casualties in the centre of the Australian line were inflicted by Japanese artillery, but the depleted composite unit managed to check the Japanese advance in their sector throughout the day. The following day, 15 September, the other half of the III Battalion attempted to find the eastern flank of the Australian position, but found that the line was much longer than expected there also due to the earlier movement made by the 2/33rd during the preparatory phase of the battle. Nevertheless, the Japanese found a gap in the Allied line in between the 3rd Infantry Battalion and the 2/33rd, seizing an opportunity to rush an Australian Militia section that had forgotten to post a sentry whilst expanding its pits. Seizing a vital position that allowed them to fire down on the Australians from the east, the Japanese had succeeded in a gaining a significant vantage point, but they were unable to exploit it further after the 2/25th counter-attacked from its depth position. The 2/25th's counter-attack was turned back and failed to dislodge the Japanese on the right of the Australian line. The Japanese were subsequently able to dig-in there, although the III Battalion was unable to exploit their position any further, being caught in between the two Australian infantry battalions. A stalemate developed on the left which the Australians and Japanese each attempted to break by launching flanking attacks that were subsequently countered each time. The 2/33rd also attempted a counter-attack on the right to attack the Japanese detachment from behind but was unable to locate the Japanese in the thick vegetation.
840:
890:
the fighting around
Ioribaiwa ended in a further withdrawal for the Australians, it proved to be their final defensive action of the campaign. The Australian retreat was completed in an orderly fashion, and the rearguard fought to keep the pursuing Japanese at bay long enough for the Australians to firmly establish themselves on Imita Ridge. There, Maroubra Force was able to consolidate and regain its strength following the tempo of the previous stage of the fighting. In the days that followed, there were only small-scale actions. The Australians sent out regular patrols towards Ioribaiwa to determine Japanese dispositions and intent, while the Japanese worked solidify their hold on Ioribaiwa, digging in, and sending out foraging parties.
856:
due to the concentration of the
Japanese artillery, but the Australians had effectively fought a successful defensive battle, having fought the Japanese to a stand-still for the first time in the campaign. Nevertheless, the Australian commander, Eather, decided to withdraw unaware of the dilemmas facing his opposite number, Kusunose, who had realised he was outnumbered with no reserves, In reaching this decision, he potentially misjudged the tactical situation, perceiving that the Japanese attack could not be held any longer. In summing this decision up, author Peter Williams writes that "Eather became convinced he was defeated, and so he was." He goes on to draw parallels between the situation at Ioribaiwa and the 1870 battle at
45:
869:, on the proviso that there could be no further retreat from there; indeed author Lex McAulay states that Allen told Eather that Imita "was to be held to the death", to which Eather agreed. In the aftermath, the Australians withdrew across the Ua-Ule Creek to Imita Ridge, with the first elements arriving late on 16 September and the remainder arriving mid-morning the following day. On Imita Ridge, the Australians finally came within range of their own artillery, as two 25-pounder guns from the 14th Field Regiment had been manhandled into position atop a peak located around Uberi. Reinforcements from the
848:
Ioribaiwa Ridge just as the two
Australian battalions began to deploy into their attacking positions on either side of the defensive line: the 2/33rd was positioned to the left of the 2/14th and 2/16th on a knoll on the western side of the east–west ridge line, and the 2/33rd was on the right of line, to the east of the 3rd Infantry Battalion. The start of the Japanese attack halted the forward movement of the 2/31st and 2/33rd Infantry Battalions as they came into line with the defensively postured units, which inadvertently extended the Australian line on either side of the ridge.
902:, turned in favour of the Allies, the Japanese were forced into adopting a more defensive posture in New Guinea. Instead of a final stand, the fighting around Imita Ridge petered out into a series of small-scale patrol actions, before the Japanese began withdrawing north, beginning on 26 September. The remnants of the Australian 21st Brigade were led south by Porter, while the Australians, bolstered by the arrival of fresh troops from the 25th Brigade, launched a counter-attack under Eather, who officially assumed command of Maroubra Force on 17 September.
794:
ridgeline before the Papuan capital". Brune writes that the decision to withdraw to
Ioribaiwa had been made by Porter after he determined that the ground further north was not favourable to launching a counter-attack. Running perpendicular to the Kokoda Track it was dominated by two high peaks. During the withdrawal to Ioribaiwa, the Australians attempted to slow the Japanese pursuit, springing an ambush in the Maguli Range, which was eventually repulsed, but inflicted heavy casualties upon the pursuing Japanese. By 11 September, the heavily depleted
200:
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to counter the
Japanese indirect fire, but several Japanese probing patrols were turned back, and elements of the Australian 2/16th and 3rd Infantry Battalions sprung a successful ambush around Ofi Creek, killing between 20 and 30 Japanese who were lured into an abandoned food dump. Meanwhile, the fresh 25th Brigade, under Brigadier
669:, perceiving that the attack could not be held any further and that Ioribaiwa Ridge was unsuited to launching a counter-attack, withdrew his force back to Imita Ridge. The Japanese, however, had reached the limit of their supply line, and strategic factors and reverses elsewhere forced the Japanese commander, Major General
810:, had been cut off after the fighting around Efogi and was still attempting to rejoin Maroubra Force. As such, the Australian right was held by the 3rd Infantry Battalion, which extended the defensive line along Ioribaiwa Ridge to the east. Flank security was provided over 12 and 13 September by elements of the
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905:
The counter-attack would ultimately see the
Australians advance to the Japanese beach-heads on the northern coast over the space of October and November. After tentatively pushing patrols north from Imita Ridge to Ioribaiwa, which was found to have been abandoned by the Japanese, the pursuit began in
855:
By 16 September, the fighting around
Ioribaiwa had reached a stalemate, with the initiative having been taken away from the attacking troops and the Japanese commander, Kusunose, pondering his next move. Casualties among the 2/14th and 2/16th composite battalion in the Australian centre had been high
919:
In the fighting that followed, Kokoda village was retaken on 2 November, providing the
Australians with a forward airfield for supplies to be flown into, which helped resolve many of their supply difficulties. As the rate of the Australian advance increased, in mid-November heavy fighting took place
817:
As
Japanese artillery and mortars began shelling the Australian position from the northern slope overlooking Ofi Creek, several minor skirmishes were fought around the position over the course of 12–13 September. Lacking their own artillery support, there was little the Australian defenders could do
776:
on 10 September, after the 21st Brigade had completed its withdrawal from Menari and Nauro along the Kokoda Track. According to author Peter Brune, Porter was given orders to "stabilise the situation and then gain what ground he could". To achieve this, Porter was provided reinforcements in the form
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Casualties around Ioribaiwa were roughly the same for both sides with the Australians losing 49 killed and 121 wounded, many of which had been inflicted by the Japanese artillery which had landed on the 2/14 – 2/16th's position. Against this, the Japanese lost 40 dead and 120 wounded. Although
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where the French commander, Frossard, had been beaten by his own perception of the situation rather than the reality. After consulting with Porter, Eather subsequently requested permission to continue the withdrawal south to Imita Ridge. This was granted by the 7th Division commander, Major General
793:
Resolving to make a counter-attack to prevent a further advance towards Port Moresby, the Australians established themselves along Ioribaiwa Ridge and awaited reinforcements. Situated south of Ofi Creek, the ridge was, according to authors Craig Collie and Hajime Marutani the "second-last razorback
847:
Two Japanese battalions from the 144th Infantry Regiment forming Horii's South Seas Detachment had pursued the Australians from Efogi, while the main Japanese force had remained behind waiting for permission to continue the advance. The Japanese pursuit group subsequently launched their attack on
705:
in May 1942. Two days later, the first engagement of the campaign was fought when a small force of Australian and Papuan soldiers clashed with the advancing Japanese around Awala. They were quickly brushed aside and over the course of late July, August and into September, a series of battles were
851:
On the first day of the battle, 14 September, half of the III Battalion, 144th Infantry attacked the composite 2/14th – 2/16th Battalion in the centre along the track supported by quick firing artillery from a mountain battery. During the attack the Japanese took several casualties to booby
910:
was subsequently fought there as the Australians gained the vital ridge overlooking the creek at heavy cost against stiff opposition determined to buy time for the remainder of their comrades to make good their escape. As service politics within the upper echelons of the Australian and US high
822:
arrived from Port Moresby, advancing from Imita Ridge to Ioribaiwa with orders to launch a counter-attack, passing through Porter's position to advance to Nauro. With the arrival of these troops, Maroubra Force swelled to 2,957 personnel, providing the Australians with size advantage over the
664:
Although the Japanese were successful in pushing the Australian defenders back in the centre of their position on the track, heavy fighting on the flanks of the position blunted the Japanese attack, bringing it to a standstill. In the aftermath, the Australian commander, Brigadier
915:
arrived to reinvigorate the advance which had been slow to that point due to restrictions of the terrain and supply difficulties. Nevertheless, the Australian pursuit was held up long enough to enable the majority of the Japanese force to fall back to the northern beachheads.
785:, while plans were made to dispatch more reinforcements from Port Moresby. Nevertheless, Brune argues that in the circumstances the order to gain ground was impossible and demonstrated the disconnect between the Australian high command and the commanders on the ground.
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893:
Imita Ridge, only a short distance from Port Moresby, ultimately proved to be the limit of the Japanese advance south. Having exhausted their supply line, which was increasingly being interdicted by US and Australian aircraft, and as events elsewhere, particularly
928:
saw the Australians link up with US ground forces. They would subsequently clash with the Japanese around the northern beachhead amidst heavy fighting which lasted until late January 1943, when the remainder of the Japanese garrison was withdrawn to
706:
fought along the Kokoda Track as the Japanese advanced south. The initial Japanese landing forces, consisting mainly of the Sasebo 5th Special Landing Force and the Yokoyama Advance Party, were bolstered in mid-August by the arrival of the
827:
was subsequently laid down south of the ridge in depth, in the low ground forward of the Ua-Ule Creek, to provide a reserve force to be committed in case of emergency. Meanwhile, the 25th Brigade's other two battalions – the
906:
earnest on 2 October. Pressing on to Efogi against little opposition, in late October the Australians reached Eora Creek and Templeton's Crossing, which had earlier been the scene of heavy fighting during the Japanese advance. A
1849:
806: – forming a composite unit of just two companies, held a position astride the track which ran along the north–south spur line that protruded from the ridge's northern slopes. The 21st Brigade's third battalion, the
768:, clash with Japanese forces from the 144th Infantry Regiment under the command of Colonel Masao Kusunose, which had been leading the Japanese advance south. In the lead up to the battle, Brigadier
761:, before the Australians fell back towards Menari, where their rearguard clashed with the pursuing Japanese in the Maguli Range, before the withdrawal continued on to Ioribaiwa in mid-September.
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754:
398:
383:
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was awarded to Australian units for their involvement in the fighting around Ioribaiwa. This was awarded to the 3rd, 2/14th, 2/16th, 2/25th, 2/31st and 2/33rd Infantry Battalions.
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With only limited forces in the region initially, in an effort to slow the Japanese advance to allow reinforcements to arrive, the Australian force – designated
715:
657:. It was the last of three defensive battles fought by the Australians along the Kokoda Track to halt the Japanese advance from the north coast of Papua towards
408:
649:. Involving forces from Australia, the United States, and Japan, the fighting centred on a high feature known as Ioribaiwa Ridge, south of Ofi Creek on the
836: – made preparations to launch an attack either side of the defensive line, to outflank the pursuing Japanese in an effort to cut the track at Nauro.
758:
388:
673:, to pursue a more defensive approach in Papua and New Guinea. As a result, in October the Japanese began to withdraw towards their beachheads at
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arrived at this time also, having been held back around Owers Corner and then Uberi where they had undertaken labouring and defensive tasks.
435:
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924:, where the Australians and Japanese fought the final battle of the campaign before crossing the Kumusi River. In December 1942, the
1839:
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1607:
578:
329:
76:
772:, the commander of Maroubra Force, was relieved of his command following the defeat around Efogi. He was replaced by Brigadier
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1800:. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 1 – Army. Vol. 5. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
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troops that had been holding the line to that point. After this, rearguard actions were fought around
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895:
614:
573:
1815:
Operations of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces in the Papua New Guinea Theater During World War II
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The fighting around Ioribaiwa saw the remnants of the Australian 21st Brigade reinforced by the
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737: – resorted to delaying tactics while reinforcements were sent north from Port Moresby.
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James, Karl (2013). "On Australia's Doorstep: Kokoda and Milne Bay". In Dean, Peter (ed.).
1583:. Australian Army Campaigns Series – 14. Sydney, New South Wales: Big Sky Publishing.
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188:
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The Kokoda Track: Exploring the Site of the Battle Fought by Australians in World War II
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The Pioneers: Unit History of the 2nd/1st Australian Pioneer Battalion Second A.I.F
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802: – who had borne the brunt of the fighting around Isurava, Eora Creek and
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commands increased pressure for the Australians to speed up the pursuit, the
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Men from the 2/14th Infantry Battalion rest near Ioribaiwa in September 1942
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On 21 July 1942, Japanese forces landed on the northern Papuan coast around
176:
165:
136:
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1703:
1676:. Port Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press. pp. 199–215.
1533:"Battle Honours of the Australian Army: World War Two: South West Pacific"
930:
321:
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Japanese shells found abandoned on Ioribaiwa following their withdrawal
420:
1063:"Into the Mountains: Action at Ioribaiwa Ridge: 14–16 September 1942"
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fell in early August, and this was followed by heavy fighting around
693:, as part of a plan to capture the strategically important town of
880:
838:
724:
1850:
Battles and operations of World War II involving Papua New Guinea
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Crawford, Barclay (6 June 2010). "Sacred site of Diggers found".
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The Path of Infinite Sorrow: The Japanese on the Kokoda Track
1713:
The Second World War and its Australian Army Battle Honours
1817:. Tokyo, Japan: Japan Papua New Guinea Goodwill Society.
729:
Map depicting the Japanese advance along the Kokoda Track
701:, following an unsuccessful seaborne attempt during the
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took place between 14 and 16 September 1942, during the
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1772:. Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press.
1715:. East Roseville, New South Wales: Kangaroo Press.
823:1,650-strong Japanese committed to the battle. The
1621:. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin.
1602:. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin.
1698:. Melbourne, Victoria: Grayflower Publications.
1753:. Beverly Hills, New South Wales: M.D. Herron.
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1640:. Sydney, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin.
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1855:Battles of World War II involving Australia
1875:South West Pacific theatre of World War II
1770:The Kokoda Campaign 1942: Myth and Reality
1732:Blood and Iron: The Battle for Kokoda 1942
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344:
330:
322:
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1797:South-West Pacific Area – First Year
898:, coupled with the earlier defeat around
1734:. Sydney, New South Wales: Arrow Books.
1638:The Encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles
1617:Collie, Craig; Marutani, Hajime (2009).
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399:Second Eora Creek – Templeton's Crossing
1860:Battles of World War II involving Japan
1659:. Sydney, New South Wales. p. 11.
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384:First Eora Creek – Templeton's Crossing
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49:View towards Imita Ridge and Ioribaiwa
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718:, under the command of Major General
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1674:Australia 1942: In the Shadow of War
755:Eora Creek and Templeton's Crossing
677:, with the Australians in pursuit.
1880:Australia–Japan military relations
745:later in the month as the veteran
697:via an overland advance along the
14:
1538:. Australian Army. Archived from
198:
187:
175:
164:
143:
129:
43:
1636:Coulthard-Clark, Chris (1998).
1:
389:Mission Ridge – Brigade Hill
1579:Anderson, Nicholas (2014).
1069:. Commonwealth of Australia
710:, consisting mainly of the
1901:
1696:South West Pacific 1941–45
1457:Collie & Marutani 2009
1421:Collie & Marutani 2009
1298:Collie & Marutani 2009
1168:Collie & Marutani 2009
1144:Collie & Marutani 2009
800:2/16th Infantry Battalions
1845:Australia–Japan relations
1794:McCarthy, Dudley (1959).
1711:Maitland, Gordon (1999).
825:2/25th Infantry Battalion
812:2/6th Independent Company
462:
363:
303:
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259:2/33rd Infantry Battalion
254:2/31st Infantry Battalion
249:2/25th Infantry Battalion
237:2/16th Infantry Battalion
232:2/14th Infantry Battalion
208:
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122:
92:9.3070846°S 147.5595188°E
53:
42:
30:
1840:1942 in Papua New Guinea
1813:Tanaka, Kengoro (1980).
1768:Williams, Peter (2012).
593:Neutralisation of Rabaul
559:Markham-Ramu-Finisterres
1749:Osborn, Gordon (1988).
871:2/1st Pioneer Battalion
779:2/1st Pioneer Battalion
716:41st Infantry Regiments
703:Battle of the Coral Sea
275:144th Infantry Regiment
97:-9.3070846; 147.5595188
886:
844:
783:3rd Infantry Battalion
730:
227:3rd Infantry Battalion
158:Commanders and leaders
1885:September 1942 events
1730:McAulay, Lex (1991).
1598:Brune, Peter (2004).
884:
842:
728:
708:South Seas Detachment
639:Kokoda Track campaign
355:Kokoda Track campaign
304:Casualties and losses
269:South Seas Detachment
1657:The Sunday Telegraph
1600:A Bastard of a Place
1520:Coulthard-Clark 1998
1433:Coulthard-Clark 1998
1031:Coulthard-Clark 1998
804:Templeton's Crossing
757:, as well as around
635:Battle of Ioribaiwa
615:Bombing of Hollandia
454:New Guinea campaign
61:14–16 September 1942
1495:, pp. 236–239.
1471:, pp. 236–237.
1399:, pp. 115–116.
1336:, pp. 227–228.
1324:, pp. 150–151.
1158:, pp. 236–237.
1131:, pp. 101–102.
991:, pp. 174–180.
979:, pp. 204–205.
926:Battle of Buna–Gona
862:Franco-Prussian War
88: /
26:Battle of Ioribaiwa
1870:Territory of Papua
1375:, pp. 93–100.
887:
845:
731:
655:Territory of Papua
620:Western New Guinea
71:Territory of Papua
1865:Conflicts in 1942
1779:978-1-10701-594-4
1683:978-1-10703-227-9
1628:978-1-74175-839-9
1590:978-1-922132-95-6
940:After the war, a
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579:Bombing of Rabaul
499:Goodenough Island
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1545:on 29 March 2013
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781:and the Militia
647:Second World War
547:2nd Lae-Salamaua
479:1st Lae-Salamaua
474:Battle of Rabaul
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1788:Further reading
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96:
94:
90:
87:
82:
79:
77:
75:
74:
73:
48:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1898:
1896:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
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1831:
1828:
1827:
1810:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1778:
1765:
1759:
1746:
1740:
1727:
1721:
1708:
1692:Keogh, Eustace
1688:
1682:
1669:
1652:
1646:
1633:
1627:
1614:
1608:
1595:
1589:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1568:
1566:, p. 142.
1556:
1524:
1522:, p. 223.
1512:
1510:, p. 212.
1497:
1485:
1473:
1461:
1459:, p. 145.
1449:
1447:, p. 143.
1437:
1435:, p. 232.
1425:
1423:, p. 144.
1413:
1411:, p. 403.
1401:
1389:
1387:, p. 214.
1377:
1365:
1363:, p. 115.
1353:
1351:, p. 240.
1338:
1326:
1314:
1312:, p. 151.
1302:
1300:, p. 136.
1287:
1285:, p. 238.
1275:
1273:, p. 239.
1256:
1254:, p. 140.
1244:
1242:, p. 138.
1232:
1230:, p. 213.
1220:
1218:, p. 211.
1208:
1206:, p. 212.
1196:
1194:, p. 130.
1184:
1182:, p. 209.
1172:
1170:, p. 134.
1160:
1148:
1146:, p. 135.
1133:
1121:
1119:, p. 236.
1104:
1102:, p. 211.
1092:
1090:, p. 101.
1080:
1035:
1033:, p. 222.
1020:
1018:, p. 208.
1005:
1003:, p. 135.
993:
981:
969:
967:, p. 168.
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
878:
875:
820:Kenneth Eather
790:
787:
735:Maroubra Force
720:Tomitaro Horii
682:
679:
671:Tomitaro Horii
667:Kenneth Eather
626:
625:
623:
622:
617:
612:
605:
600:
595:
589:
588:
586:
582:
581:
576:
571:
569:Huon Peninsula
566:
561:
556:
549:
544:
537:
532:
526:
525:
523:
519:
518:
513:
506:
501:
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256:
251:
241:
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239:
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216:Maroubra Force
211:
210:
209:Units involved
206:
205:
204:Masao Kusunose
194:Tomitaro Horii
184:
182:Kenneth Eather
160:
159:
155:
154:
139:
125:
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119:
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69:
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1722:0-86417-975-8
1718:
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1647:1-86448-611-2
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1609:1-74114-403-5
1605:
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1565:
1564:Maitland 1999
1560:
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1534:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1486:
1483:, p. 11.
1482:
1481:Crawford 2010
1477:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1445:Williams 2012
1441:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1397:Anderson 2014
1393:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1361:Anderson 2014
1357:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1322:Williams 2012
1318:
1315:
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1310:Williams 2012
1306:
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1299:
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1288:
1284:
1279:
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1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
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1253:
1252:Williams 2012
1248:
1245:
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1240:Williams 2012
1236:
1233:
1229:
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1212:
1209:
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1200:
1197:
1193:
1192:Williams 2012
1188:
1185:
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1169:
1164:
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1152:
1149:
1145:
1140:
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1130:
1129:Anderson 2014
1125:
1122:
1118:
1113:
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1109:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1088:Anderson 2014
1084:
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1036:
1032:
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1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
1001:Williams 2012
997:
994:
990:
985:
982:
978:
973:
970:
966:
961:
958:
952:
947:
945:
943:
942:battle honour
938:
936:
932:
927:
923:
917:
914:
909:
908:second battle
903:
901:
897:
891:
883:
876:
874:
872:
868:
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849:
841:
837:
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797:
788:
786:
784:
780:
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774:Selwyn Porter
771:
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328:
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289:
282:III Battalion
281:
278:
277:
276:
273:
272:
271:
270:
266:
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250:
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171:Selwyn Porter
167:
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101:
72:
68:
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52:
46:
41:
38:
34:
29:
24:
19:
1814:
1796:
1769:
1750:
1731:
1712:
1695:
1673:
1656:
1637:
1618:
1599:
1580:
1573:Bibliography
1559:
1547:. Retrieved
1540:the original
1527:
1515:
1488:
1476:
1464:
1452:
1440:
1428:
1416:
1404:
1392:
1380:
1368:
1356:
1334:McAulay 1991
1329:
1317:
1305:
1278:
1247:
1235:
1223:
1216:McAulay 1991
1211:
1199:
1187:
1180:McAulay 1991
1175:
1163:
1151:
1124:
1095:
1083:
1071:. Retrieved
1066:
996:
984:
972:
960:
939:
918:
913:16th Brigade
904:
892:
888:
867:Arthur Allen
854:
850:
846:
816:
792:
770:Arnold Potts
766:25th Brigade
763:
747:21st Brigade
732:
699:Kokoda Track
695:Port Moresby
684:
663:
659:Port Moresby
651:Kokoda Track
634:
632:
608:
552:
540:
535:Bismarck Sea
509:
489:Kokoda Track
393:
279:II Battalion
267:
244:25th Brigade
222:21st Brigade
214:
123:Belligerents
31:Part of the
18:
1549:30 December
1373:Osborn 1988
896:Guadalcanal
860:during the
645:during the
598:Admiralties
574:New Britain
404:Oivi–Gorari
370:(July 1942)
316:120 wounded
311:121 wounded
95: /
83:147°33′34″E
37:Pacific War
16:WWII battle
1834:Categories
1760:073162145X
1741:0091826284
1508:James 2013
1493:Keogh 1965
1469:Keogh 1965
1409:Brune 2004
1385:Keogh 1965
1349:Brune 2004
1283:Brune 2004
1271:Brune 2004
1228:Keogh 1965
1204:Keogh 1965
1156:Brune 2004
1117:Brune 2004
1100:Keogh 1965
1016:James 2013
989:Keogh 1965
977:James 2013
965:Keogh 1965
948:References
681:Background
564:Wewak Raid
114:withdrawal
1665:1038-8753
1581:To Kokoda
953:Citations
900:Milne Bay
877:Aftermath
858:Spicheren
675:Buna–Gona
653:, in the
609:Take Ichi
553:Chronicle
504:Buna–Gona
494:Milne Bay
484:Coral Sea
368:Buna–Gona
314:40 killed
309:49 killed
137:Australia
80:9°18′26″S
1694:(1965).
931:Salamaua
510:Lilliput
291:Strength
66:Location
1823:9206229
1806:3134247
1704:7185705
1073:24 July
920:around
777:of the
751:Militia
743:Isurava
585:1944–45
516:Merauke
379:Isurava
1821:
1804:
1776:
1757:
1738:
1719:
1702:
1680:
1663:
1644:
1625:
1606:
1587:
834:2/33rd
830:2/31st
808:2/27th
796:2/14th
789:Battle
739:Kokoda
603:Emirau
374:Kokoda
148:
134:
112:Allied
108:Result
1543:(PDF)
1536:(PDF)
759:Efogi
712:144th
643:Papua
299:1,650
296:2,957
151:Japan
1819:OCLC
1802:OCLC
1774:ISBN
1755:ISBN
1736:ISBN
1717:ISBN
1700:OCLC
1678:ISBN
1661:ISSN
1642:ISBN
1623:ISBN
1604:ISBN
1585:ISBN
1551:2012
1075:2016
832:and
798:and
714:and
691:Gona
689:and
687:Buna
633:The
541:I-Go
522:1943
466:1942
58:Date
935:Lae
641:in
530:Wau
1836::
1500:^
1341:^
1290:^
1259:^
1136:^
1107:^
1065:.
1038:^
1023:^
1008:^
937:.
814:.
722:.
661:.
35:,
1825:.
1808:.
1782:.
1763:.
1744:.
1725:.
1706:.
1686:.
1667:.
1650:.
1631:.
1612:.
1593:.
1553:.
1077:.
933:–
444:e
437:t
430:v
345:e
338:t
331:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.