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On the French far right, Marceau advanced as far as
Fleurus before Beaulieu's attack got into his rear at 5 am, occupying Velaine and heights at the chapel of Sainte-Barbe near Tamines by 7 am. Caught off-balance, Marceau's forces were forced back to Lambusart and the woods along the Sambre
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The progress and conclusion of the battle of
Lambusart after 11 am. Although Morlot is holding, Championnet's withdrawal exposes Lefebvre to outflanking by Latour, and his division retreats back to the river. Championnet follows suit after running out of ammunition. Jourdan had intended Kleber's
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Jourdan's plan of attack was to take the offensive with the divisions of the Armies of the North and
Moselle, leaving the Army of the Ardennes to guard his lines of communication and the flank facing Namur. This was partly due to the hostility and outright insubordination of the Army of the Ardennes'
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Of greater moment was
Jourdan's capture of Dinant on the Meuse by his leading elements, also on 29 May. As his supply lines back to Longwy were getting far too long to keep his army supplied, it became imperative to establish a new, shorter supply line. The capture of Dinant would allow Jourdan to be
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Entering Arlon on 21 May, Jourdan decided to hunt down
Beaulieu, whose defeat would leave Jourdan's main objective Liège unprotected, and attack him wherever he was. After leaving Hatry's division in Arlon to maintain communication with Longwy as ordered by the Committee of Public Safety, Jourdan set
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While the initial French objective on the right flank was Mons, after the first two defeats, the commanders of the French force decided to switch their objective to capturing
Charleroi instead, as a potentially easier target that could serve as a fortified supply base. However, they were defeated and
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Saint-Just was, in fact, livid at this fourth failure, and had been demanding both that heads rolled for the defeat, and that the army should re-cross the Sambre for another battle immediately. However, though he did manage to order the dismissal and arrests of the officers of several smaller units,
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While
Jourdan took command, the Representatives of the People attached to these armies exerted themselves to improve supplies and morale by using their authority, which came from the ruling Committee of Public Safety, to denounce those responsible for poor logistics, and ordering the requisition, by
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Map showing
Jourdan's and Beaulieu's marches to Charleroi, May–June 1794. French forces are in blue, and Allied forces are in red. Numbers refer to the dates in May (unless mentioned to be June) that the marches denoted by the corresponding arrows were carried out. Modern national borders are marked
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To date, the French attack forces on the Sambre, comprising the right wing of the Army of the North and the entire Army of the
Ardennes under the overall command of General Desjardins, had attacked across the river three times, and had been defeated and forced to retreat back to the south bank three
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The victory at
Lambusart gave both Orange and Coburg the mistaken impression that the Sambre front was finally decisively neutralised, and that the French offensive spirit had been broken, freeing Coburg to focus on relieving Ypres. As a result, Orange was ordered to send the four battalions he had
1798:
Following the order to retreat, Marceau's troops recrossed the Sambre via the bridge at Tergnee (just downriver from Farciennes). Championnet and Hatry recrossed the Sambre at Marchienne-au-Pont to Marcinelle, while Morlot went to Montigny-sur-Tilleul. Kleber returned to the right bank via a bridge
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Meanwhile, Muller's division had advanced west past Wartensleben's column and occupied Pieton, putting him in a position on Wartensleben's flank. Muller launched a devastating cavalry flank attack on Wartensleben's right just as Duhesme attacked in front and on the left, routing that Allied column.
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Whereas the Army of the North and Army of the Ardennes were in charge of operations in what is today western and central Belgium, the Army of the Moselle, based at the fortress of Longwy, was responsible for operations further east near the border with Luxembourg. The armies had different strategic
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On 14 and 15 June, the French siege works had progressed to the second parallel. Orange scouted the French positions from around Marbais, planning to attack on 16 June. He planned to outflank and hopefully trap the French army by attacking its right wing and rolling it up from the east, forcing it
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What followed was a pursuit northwards, as Beaulieu withdrew from contact and progressively withdrew from Neufchateau on 23 May to Marche-en-Famenne on 24 May, and eventually all the way back to the heights of Perche-Andoy, just across the Meuse from Namur, maintaining his distance from Jourdan.
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that ruled France decided, in agreement with a plan that Jourdan had himself proposed, that the left wing of the Army of the Moselle should take the offensive against Liège to the north, to support Pichegru's offensive and help to expel the Allies from the Low Countries. However, it was meant to
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under General Jourdan on 4 June, who then took command and led the combined forces to cross the Sambre for the fourth time, and lay siege to Charleroi for the second time, on 12 June. On the 16th, the Prince of Orange counter-attacked and broke the French right flank, forcing Jourdan to lift the
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Unfortunately for Coburg and Orange, too, the French army was not really beaten, with only about 2,000 casualties out of 70,000 men compared to 3,000 for the 40,000 Allies, and their morale was undented due to the general sentiment among the troops that their repulse was only due to their being
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However, by noon, Jourdan received further updates that Lefebvre had retreated to Chatellet while Championnet was all fought out and also retreating. He also heard that Hatry, whose rear was now exposed by these divisions' withdrawal, had lifted the siege of Charleroi and commenced a withdrawal
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The main Allied force had withdrawn from Gosselies back to Rouveroy, Orange's main base, on 6 June, in accordance with orders from the Austrian emperor. A strong line of outposts was left running from Jeumont near Erquelinnes to Anderlues, the forest of Moncaux (now Monceau-sur-Sambre), Jumet,
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Following the evacuation of the entrenched camp on 1 June, Jourdan occupied Saint-Gerard on 2 June, the day of the battle of Gosselies, setting up his headquarters at Stave further beyond. Despite the logistical difficulties, Jourdan was now within operational range of Desjardins' force on the
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Up to about 11 am the French forces had the advantage, being victorious or holding on all fronts. As a result, Jourdan had intended to counterattack using Kleber, who was victorious early, to roll up the Allied right flank the way Orange had intended to roll up the French, with attacking
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Proceeding from Jumet later on in further retreat back to Chatellet, Championnet was attacked by Allied troops from that direction. Fearing correctly that the eastern route of retreat via Chatellet was now cut off (because of Lefebvre's retreat), he turned towards Marchienne-au-Pont instead.
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Quosdanovich's flank attack forced Championnet to withdraw to Heppignies, where he held his position for another 4 hours before being driven back further to Ransart where, running out of ammunition, he chose to retreat back towards Jumet between 11–11.30 am, exposing Lefebvre's left.
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like Charleroi, showing how three parallels (trenches) would be opened to protect the besiegers, bring artillery progressively closer to the fortress walls, and eventually permit an assault from the third parallel. The first parallel would have been further out behind the second parallel.
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In preparation for this, he ordered Kleber at about 9 am to march towards Pont-a-Mignetoux, while himself marching there with the cavalry reserve, just in time for Dubois' 6th Chasseurs and 10th Cavalry regiments to help Morlot retake the town after being driven momentarily from it.
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With both sides unaware of each other's plans, and the morning of 16 June being foggy, the battle of Lambusart became a series of simultaneous but separate surprise encounter battles between French and Allied attack columns, in which the Allies gradually gained the strategic upper hand.
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remain as part of the Army of the Moselle under Jourdan's command, without either coming under Pichegru's authority, or joining the forces on the Sambre. The centre and right were to maintain the defensive and divert the attention of the Allies from the left wing's offensive.
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The progress of the battle of Lambusart (16 June) up until 11 am. Kleber's divisions have routed Wartensleben, and Morlot, Lefebvre and Marceau are holding the enemy. Championnet has been outflanked and forced to give ground, opening up a gap in the centre of the French
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against the Pieton and Sambre rivers while simultaneously cutting off its means of escaping across the river by capturing the bridges and crossings behind them. For this purpose, he divided his army into four columns, which were arranged from west to east as follows:
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Jourdan had become aware of Orange's presence north of his lines, and unbeknown to Orange, the French commander was also planning an attack against the Allied army, also on the 16th, but towards the north and west to drive off the enemy using his superior numbers.
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Advancing towards Charleroi, Lefebvre's vanguard arrived at Saint-Gerard on 31 May, where they made contact with an Allied entrenched camp and halted. On the same day to the rear, Morlot and Hatry crossed at Dinant in the day, while Championnet crossed at night.
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However, at about noon, Lefebvre's left flank was also enfiladed by artillery from Latour's column further west, as it had been exposed by Championnet's withdrawal from Ransart. This was too much and Lefebvre's division broke and retreated towards Chatellet.
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On 8 June, taking into account Desjardin's pending request to be relieved of command in favour of a more experienced commander, Jourdan was appointed by the Committee of Public Safety to overall command of the nearly 90,000 men now on the Sambre, the future
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divisions to outflank Quosdanovich and roll up the Allied line (dotted line), but with his line cut in two, his centre and right collapsing, and Charleroi relieved by the Allies, he orders a general retreat back across the Sambre to keep his army intact.
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Although needing to raise Pichegru's siege of Ypres on the other Allied wing, Coburg agreed to Orange's recall of troops and offensive plans, in the hope that victory would free up more than four battalions of Orange's troops, for use against Pichegru.
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Championnet had advanced as ordered and made contact with Latour's column at St Fiacre. However, Quosdanovich had occupied Mellet as per his orders, and used his position to attack Championnet's left flank while he and Latour were locked in battle.
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Before attacking, Jourdan broke up the Army of the Ardennes into detachments that reinforced the garrison of Dinant, occupied Insemont (modern Aisemont), as well as the Sambre crossings at Auveloix (modern Auvelais) and Tamines, east of Charleroi.
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With Kleber too far away to be able to redeploy his forces and march to Pont-a-Mignetoux in time to gain an advantage before his rear was cut off, Jourdan ordered a general retreat at or just before 1 pm to prevent any unnecessary losses.
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The bulk of Hatry's division, which had been left to garrison Arlon, was permitted to rejoin and strengthen Jourdan, after considering his protests that the task of maintaining communication with Longwy did not require a full division to carry
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Map showing the positions of the French and Allied troops just before Jourdan took command on 8 June. French divisions are in blue, and Allied forces are in red, showing the main force under Orange and the outpost line stationed to watch the
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General Jourdan, commanding the Army of the Moselle, had planned to launch his offensive against Liège on 21 May after reinforcing his attack force by transferring some troops from his right. However, on 19 May, he received news that
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Shortly before the eastern column's contact, at 4.30 am, Beaulieu's western column ran into Lefebvre's advance north of Fleurus. Lefebvre held, even after his right was exposed by Marceau's withdrawal back to Lambusart.
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On the Allied side, meanwhile, Beaulieu had begun marching from Namur to Sombreffe to join in the eventual attack on Gosselies. All forces in the area were beginning to concentrate on Charleroi for the battle of Gosselies.
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his broader demands for an immediate rematch were diplomatically deflected by Jourdan, who appeased him with the assurance that the army also wanted to be back for revenge as soon as practicable, and would do so shortly.
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Kléber's two divisions were to attack from their positions towards Morlanwels (now Morlanwelz) and fight anyone they met along the way, preventing any forces on that wing from joining the main battle on the centre and
988:, leading a division of Austrians, had launched an attack on an exposed force of 4,000 French stationed between Belvaux and Noirfontaine, which had made a fighting withdrawal to Bouillon and called for help from him.
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Map showing the initial withdrawals of the Allied outpost line (dark red arrows) and Orange's approach march with the main force to prepare for his counteroffensive. French initial deployments shown in dark blue for
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With major supply difficulties and the new supply line from Givet and Dinant not yet online, Jourdan's force deteriorated drastically in readiness during this period and only covered 55 km in four days. Indeed,
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On the inner left wing, Duhesme's advance ran into Wartensleben's column just before Trazegnies around 6 am, and pinned him down while waiting for Muller's division on the outer left wing to join the attack.
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During the 1794 campaign season of the War of the French Coalition, the focus of operations was in northeast France, as the French armies aimed to drive the Austrian, Dutch and British forces of the Allies, under
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Three times during the spring of 1794, the French armies attempted to cross the Sambre in the face of resistance by First Coalition forces. After three defeats, they were reinforced by four divisions from the
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In total, Jourdan would commit 6,000 men to besieging Charleroi, 55,000 men to cover the siege works and give battle, and 34,000 men to guard the flanks and communication along the right bank of the Sambre.
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Jourdan was to keep General Charbonnier, the commander of the Army of the Ardennes prior to 31 May, informed of his operations in case there was an opportunity for both forces to cooperate against Beaulieu.
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Under Marceau, the units that had not been sent to Insemont or Dinant took position covering the French right from Lambusart through Baulet, Wanfersee (now merged into Wanfercee-Baulet) and Velaine (now
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Chapelle Charry (intersection of Rue du Planty, Route des Fusilies, Rue Grivegnee north of Mont Sainte Genevieve) to Chateau de Wiernois-Vallee (now Rue du Viernois in Anderlues) via Goegnies (An'swele)
206:
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and Gillet are here; they want me to attack tomorrow. I agree with them; but I think we could do it more advantageously on another point. I will talk to them and do what they think is most beneficial."
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force if necessary, of more transport capacity and supplies from the army's area of operations. This apparently resulted in a material improvement in the supply situation for the armies on the Sambre.
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Morlot's division made contact with Quosdanovich's forces just beyond Mignetoux, and occupied and held the town against Quosdanovich's repeated attacks throughout the day until the end of the battle.
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On 13 and 14 June, elements of Hatry's division also operated beyond Gosselies, driving off some Allied outposts and destroying some redoubts and entrenchments, before returning within French lines.
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Wiernois-Vallee and wood of Moncaux (Modern Monceau-sur-Sambre) via Drie-du-Pere-Saint-Jacques (approximately Place des Perziaux in Fontaine l'Eveque) and Bois de Marche (south of Forchies-la-Marche)
1311:, because he thought that the French on the Sambre were neutralised and unable to take the offensive again, while the Allied high command was preoccupied with Ypres and considered it a priority.
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Meanwhile, the French recommenced their siege of Charleroi. On 13 June, Hatry's division continued the old siege parallels at Dampremy while beginning a new set of parallels north of Charleroi.
959:
In the early months of 1794, there was not much action on the eastern part of the front, bordering the Rhine; neither the French nor the Allied armies made any major moves. On 30 April, the
1401:
Map showing the crossing points and initial positions taken up by the French divisions under Jourdan during the 4th crossing of the Sambre, prior to the 2nd siege of Charleroi, 12 June 1794
909:(22 May), the attacks of the French right wing, which required it to cross the Sambre and capture a fortified city as a base that would allow it to remain on the north bank, were less so.
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Following the battle at Gosselies, the demoralised French army under Desjardin had retreated back across the Sambre, where they were joined by Jourdan's forces in the subsequent days.
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Lefebvre took position in an entrenched camp at the Cabaret Campinaire at the crossroads west of Lambusart (the modern roundabout at the intersection of the N568 and the N29)
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Planning to attack from the north and east once again, Orange left Rouveroy on the night of 12 June, marching via Nivelles to reach Marbais with his main force on 14 June.
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Chasing Beaulieu, Jourdan reached Saint-Hubert on 25 May, and Wavreille and Nassogne on 26 May, on which day he received new orders from the Committee of Public Safety:
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The French crossed the Sambre on 12 June unopposed, Orange having withdrawn the night before. From west to east, the crossings and initial deployments were as follows:
1822:"I think I can assure you that the enemy has gained no other advantage save the ground . I propose that we shall take our revenge. The representatives of the people
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Morlot and Championnet were to capture the tavern of Trois-Bras (at the crossroads of Quatre-Bras of 1815 fame) via the Brussels road and Villers-Perwin respectively
1806:
Unfortunately for Coburg, Ypres surrendered just two days later, on 18 June, before he could make any final attempt to relieve it, with or without Orange's troops.
1007:, against Beaulieu on 20 May. On the same day, Beaulieu, unable to make any headway against the defenders or force their surrender, withdrew towards Neufchateau.
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To attack from Chassart towards Heppignies and Wagnee, then towards the forest of Lombue (now Domaine du Bois-Lombut north of Charleroi airport) and Gosselies
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Lefebvre, whose division led the way, then entered Marche on 27 May and Ciney on 28 May. On 29 May, Championnet and Morlot, following behind, entered Marche.
1048:
During the capture of Longwy, Lefebvre's leading division also drove off Beaulieu's rearguard, which had been stationed on the opposite bank of the Meuse
830:. This battle was the culmination of the fourth of five attempts to consolidate a foothold on the north side of the Sambre. The clash occurred during the
1514:
Orange had also recalled the four battalions he had despatched to Coburg, and asked Coburg for permission to take the offensive after they had crossed.
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890:. For the campaign season of 1794, Pichegru had planned to launch his main attacks against the main Allied army under Prince Coburg on both flanks.
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general staff, to the extent that the Army's chief of staff took away all their maps and reports of the area so Jourdan could not refer to them.
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To take Courcelles and cut off the eventual French route of retreat at Marchienne au Pont by placing cannon on the heights of l'Espinette
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To attack Mellet, demonstrate against Thumeon (modern Thimeon), and wait to capitalise on the success of the attack of Columns 3 and 4
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surprised and caught off balance both by the fog and a lack of ammunition, without which they would have otherwise been victorious.
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While the attacks of the French left wing were largely successful in defeating or at least containing the Allies in the battles of
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After getting news of the imminent French crossing on 11 June, Orange had ordered his outpost line to withdraw from the Sambre.
1071:, the commander of the forces on the Sambre, to capture Charleroi, if he was not able to assault and capture Namur out of hand.
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Deciding not to wait for his reinforcements to come up, Jourdan marched with the four divisions he had on hand, under Generals
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in purple. France is in the lower left, Luxembourg in the lower right, and the rest belongs to the eastern half of Belgium.
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1619:(tavern) of Pont-du-Jour (at the crossroads east of Sombreffe, the modern intersection of the N29 and N93) towards Fleurus
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The Armies of the First French Republic: Volume II The Armées du Moselle, du Rhin, de Sambre-et-Meuse, de Rhin-et-Moselle
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Riese to between Sombreffe and Bothey, joined by Beaulieu from Namur where he had returned after the battle of Gosselies
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the siege lifted at the battle of Gosselies. Thankfully, at this time, they were reinforced by four divisions under
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Jourdan's objective was changed from capturing Liege to defeating Beaulieu's army and capturing Namur instead
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Larger attack columns were assembled ad hoc and placed under command of various senior generals as needed.
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1307:. Orange had in fact sent 4 battalions of troops to reinforce Coburg at Tournai and help raise Pichegru's
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Jourdan immediately ordered Hatry to leave 6,000 men in Arlon and march the rest to Lessive by 30 May.
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On 30 May, the Committee of Public Safety for the first time ordered Jourdan to reinforce and help
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Hatry, assigned to be the besieger, took position at Chatellet preparatory to investing Charleroi
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Both to then combine to attack Ransart, capture Chatellet, and head towards Montigny-sur-Tilleul
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Muller's division took position around Forchies la Marche, Trazegnies and Courcelles on the left
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at Moncaux, with Duhesme withdrawing along the Pieton river and Muller via Fontaine l'Eveque.
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off with his remaining three divisions for Neufchateau, arriving in Habay-la-Neuve on 22 May
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Jourdan planned a fourth crossing of the Sambre and second siege of Charleroi for 12 June.
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The cavalry of Dubois and Soland were to offer support from behind Championnet and Morlot
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Half to attack from Balatre towards Lambusart and the forest of Lepinoy (modern Keumiée)
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attached to Jourdan, reported that five soldiers died of starvation during this period.
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Morlot took position north of Gosselies at Pont-a-Migneloup (modern Pont-a-Mignetoux)
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Sambre, though he was too far away on this day to join in the battle of Gosselies.
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The overall commander of the two main French armies on this front, the predominant
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Duhesme and Muller's divisions were placed under the overall command of General
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municipality. Lambusart is located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northeast of
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Duhesme's division took position from Wilbouroux (modern Wilbeau-Roux) to Jumet
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from the Army of the Moselle, which enabled them to take the offensive again.
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Between Thuin and Peaumereille (between modern Valmont and Bois de Villers)
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initially recalled once again to Tournai, where Coburg's army was based.
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Divisions of the Army of the North right wing (approximately 26,000 men)
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Championnet took position from Heppignies to Wagnee (modern Wangenies)
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Les opérations militaires sur la Sambre en 1794: Bataille de Fleurus.
875:, out of Low Countries and push France's borders to the Rhine river.
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Les opérations militaires sur la Sambre en 1794: Bataille de Fleurus
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Indeed, on 16 June, Jourdan wrote to the Committee of Public Safety:
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From Forest of Moncaux to Ransart via Jumet (modern Saint-Ghislaine)
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Newly assembled from cavalry forces taken from the various divisions
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Beaulieu & Werneck's column (14 battalions & 22 squadrons)
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Championnet's, Morlot's and Dubois' divisions (Marchienne au Pont)
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Ransart and Balatre, observing French movements against Charleroi.
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supplied from Givet by the Meuse, instead of overland from Longwy.
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Quosdanovich to Frasne after reinforcing the Charleroi garrison
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By 9 am, Kleber had cleared his front of Allied troops.
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From west to east, the divisions were to attack as follows:
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Divisions of the Army of the Moselle left wing (42,411 men)
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This opportunity for revenge would come on 26 June at the
1119:(which was only formally constituted as such on 29 June).
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Quosdanovich's column (7 battalions and 12 squadrons)
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Wartensleben's column (9 battalions and 12 squadrons)
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Royal Library of Belgium, Maps and Plans Department
1773:Quosdanovich in front and flank as the first move.
1303:The Allies disposed of some 40,000 men, under the
1209:Divisions of the Army of the Ardennes (18,738 men)
1473:12–13 June: Orange prepares to take the offensive
1175:Located between Marcinelle and Marchienne-au-Pont
1604:Latour's column (9 battalions and 16 squadrons)
1510:The rest to Rouveroy to join Orange's main force
2196:Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618-1905)
2072:KBR: The Royal Library of Belgium (1770–1778).
2036:KBR: The Royal Library of Belgium (1770–1778).
2006:KBR: The Royal Library of Belgium (1770–1778).
1964:KBR: The Royal Library of Belgium (1770–1778).
43:The Prince of Orange at the Battle of Lambusart
23:
1451:Hatry's and Lefebvre's divisions (Chatellet)
1144:French units and their locations after 2 June
1052:Jourdan ordered to Charleroi: 30 May – 2 June
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1462:Army of the Ardennes (Auveloix and Tamines)
2275:French conquest of the Austrian Netherlands
2217:Prins Frederik Der Nederlanden en Zijn Tijd
1544:Diagram showing the process of besieging a
2153:"Sieges of Charleroi, 30 May-25 June 1794"
1781:towards the bridge at Marchienne-au-Pont.
1525:13–14 June: French investment of Charleroi
1418:12 June: the fourth crossing of the Sambre
549:
535:
527:
207:
193:
185:
20:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1195:Between Peaumereille and Solre-sur-Sambre
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
968:Jourdan's pursuit of Beaulieu: 19–24 May
857:siege and withdraw south of the Sambre.
834:, part of a wider struggle known as the
16:Battle of the War of the First Coalition
2124:https://www.kbr.be/en/the-ferraris-map/
1857:
1855:
1851:
1673:Marceau was to attack towards Sombreffe
1507:Schottendorf to Chapelle lez Herlaimont
828:William VI, Hereditary Prince of Orange
1888:
1730:Latour and Quosdanovich vs Championnet
1670:Lefebvre was to attack towards Marbais
2115:Sheet map of the Austrian Netherlands
1321:From west to east, these were under:
873:Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
7:
2280:Battles involving the Dutch Republic
2102:Dupuis, Victor César Eugène (1907).
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2031:
2029:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1959:
1957:
1944:Dupuis, Victor César Eugène (1907).
1651:Jourdan's plan of attack for 16 June
1632:14–15 June: Jourdan plans his attack
2136:. USA: Pickle Partners Publishing.
1873:
1579:Orange's plan of attack for 16 June
1560:14–15 June: Orange plans his attack
941:
1968:. p. #66: Merbes le Chateau.
14:
1268:On the heights northeast of Stave
1260:On the heights northeast of Stave
2220:. Vol. 1. H. A. M. Roelants
2080:from the original on 30 May 2019
2044:from the original on 30 May 2019
2014:from the original on 30 May 2019
1972:from the original on 30 May 2019
1950:(in French). R. Chapelot et Cie.
1299:Allied units and their locations
1219:Between Marchienne and Landelies
1019:The capture of Dinant: 25–29 May
145:
133:
114:
102:
91:
37:
1810:The French prepare to retaliate
1446:Dubois took position at Ransart
1426:Kléber's corps (Aulnes Abbey)
866:Situation in the low countries
1:
2300:1794 in the Holy Roman Empire
2295:1794 in the Habsburg monarchy
2173:The Napoleonic Wars Data Book
2111:Ferraris, Joseph-Johann-Franz
942:Jourdan's march to the Sambre
936:General Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
888:General Jean-Charles Pichegru
836:Wars of the French Revolution
786:Italian campaign of 1796-1797
1370:From Ransart towards Balatre
1330:Jeumont to Mont-St-Genevieve
1085:Representative of the People
1229:Between Landelies and Thuin
2316:
2010:. p. #81: Charleroi.
1377:The 2nd Siege of Charleroi
961:Committee of Public Safety
913:Past defeats on the Sambre
832:War of the First Coalition
560:War of the First Coalition
31:War of the First Coalition
2106:Paris: R Chapelot et Cie.
1069:General Jacques Desjardin
766:Rhine campaign of 1793–94
573:
226:
170:
157:
126:
84:
47:
36:
28:
1615:Half to attack from the
1117:Army of Sambre and Meuse
2076:. p. #98: Fleuru.
986:General Johann Beaulieu
2040:. p. #65: Binch.
1832:
1755:Wartensleben vs kleber
1747:Quosdanovich vs morlot
1700:
1691:
1652:
1580:
1550:
1494:
1402:
1140:
1108:
1081:Pierre-Mathurin Gillet
952:
781:Rhine campaign of 1796
776:Rhine campaign of 1795
741:Mediterranean campaign
127:Commanders and leaders
2175:. London: Greenhill.
2130:Phipps, Ramsay Weston
1820:
1697:
1688:
1650:
1578:
1543:
1491:
1400:
1382:French plan of attack
1137:
1107:Jean Baptiste Jourdan
1106:
1099:Jourdan takes command
949:
812:Jean Baptiste Jourdan
806:(16 June 1794) saw a
351:Battle of Vaux (1794)
171:Casualties and losses
152:Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
2290:History of Charleroi
2251:50.45472°N 4.55333°E
2151:Rickard, J. (2009).
1861:Smith (1998), p. 83.
1717:Beaulieu vs Lefebvre
884:Army of the Ardennes
76:Austro-Dutch victory
2247: /
1794:The Allied response
1708:Beaulieu vs Marceau
1681:The Battle: 16 June
1466:Velaine-sur-Sambre)
1130:The opposing forces
853:Army of the Moselle
818:against a combined
804:Battle of Lambusart
761:East Indies Theatre
751:War of the Pyrenees
360:Villers-en-Cauchies
24:Battle of Lambusart
2155:. historyofwar.org
2074:"The Ferraris Map"
2038:"The Ferraris Map"
2008:"The Ferraris Map"
1966:"The Ferraris Map"
1701:
1692:
1653:
1581:
1551:
1495:
1403:
1141:
1109:
953:
343:Marchiennes (1793)
2285:Conflicts in 1794
2256:50.45472; 4.55333
2143:978-1-908692-25-2
1840:battle of Fleurus
905:(17–18 May), and
880:Army of the North
824:Habsburg Austrian
814:try to cross the
808:Republican French
799:
798:
791:Anglo-Spanish War
771:Atlantic campaign
756:Italian campaigns
746:War in the Vendée
731:Flanders campaign
524:
523:
218:Flanders campaign
183:
182:
121:Republican France
80:
79:
2307:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2212:Bas, François de
2207:
2205:
2203:
2186:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2147:
2122:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2069:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2033:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2003:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1961:
1952:
1951:
1941:
1892:
1886:
1877:
1871:
1862:
1859:
1768:Jourdan retreats
1644:
1643:
1639:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1546:bastion fortress
1537:
1536:
1532:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1477:: 289–290 ": -->
1394:
1393:
1389:
1305:Prince of Orange
1156:
1155:
1151:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1056:: 250–256 ": -->
980:
979:
975:
972:: 231–244 ": -->
926:(20–24 May) and
568:
561:
551:
544:
537:
528:
469:
457:
449:2nd Valenciennes
445:
433:
286:1st Valenciennes
221:
219:
209:
202:
195:
186:
150:
149:
140:Prince of Orange
138:
137:
119:
118:
109:Habsburg Austria
107:
106:
96:
95:
49:
48:
41:
21:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2265:
2264:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2223:
2221:
2210:
2201:
2199:
2189:
2183:
2167:
2158:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2128:
2121:. (in French).
2109:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2071:
2070:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2035:
2034:
2027:
2017:
2015:
2005:
2004:
1985:
1975:
1973:
1963:
1962:
1955:
1943:
1942:
1895:
1887:
1880:
1872:
1865:
1860:
1853:
1848:
1812:
1796:
1791:
1770:
1757:
1749:
1732:
1719:
1710:
1683:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1420:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1301:
1275:Cavalry Reserve
1252:At Saint-Gerard
1244:At Saint-Gerard
1157:
1153:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1132:
1101:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1021:
981:
977:
973:
971:
970:
944:
915:
897:(26–30 April),
868:
863:
800:
795:
727:
569:
559:
557:
555:
525:
520:
463:
451:
439:
427:
222:
217:
215:
213:
144:
132:
113:
101:
100:
90:
68:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2313:
2311:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2267:
2266:
2231:
2230:
2208:
2191:Bodart, Gaston
2187:
2181:
2165:
2148:
2142:
2126:
2107:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2055:
2025:
1983:
1953:
1893:
1891:, p. 293.
1878:
1876:, p. 275.
1863:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1811:
1808:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1769:
1766:
1756:
1753:
1748:
1745:
1731:
1728:
1718:
1715:
1709:
1706:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1561:
1558:
1526:
1523:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1419:
1416:
1386:: 272–3 ": -->
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1309:siege of Ypres
1300:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1211:
1210:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1162:
1161:
1145:
1142:
1131:
1128:
1100:
1097:
1053:
1050:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1020:
1017:
969:
966:
943:
940:
914:
911:
867:
864:
862:
859:
797:
796:
794:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
726:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
574:
571:
570:
556:
554:
553:
546:
539:
531:
522:
521:
519:
518:
513:
508:
505:
500:
495:
490:
488:2nd Aldenhoven
485:
483:2nd Maastricht
480:
475:
470:
458:
446:
437:2nd Le Quesnoy
434:
425:2nd Landrecies
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
355:1st Landrecies
352:
349:
344:
341:
340:Cysoing (1793)
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
316:Avesnes-le-Sec
313:
308:
306:1st Le Quesnoy
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
261:1st Aldenhoven
258:
253:
251:1st Maastricht
248:
243:
238:
233:
227:
224:
223:
214:
212:
211:
204:
197:
189:
181:
180:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
164:
160:
159:
155:
154:
142:
129:
128:
124:
123:
111:
98:Dutch Republic
87:
86:
82:
81:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2312:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2263:
2260:
2219:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2182:1-85367-276-9
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2154:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2079:
2075:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2043:
2039:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2013:
2009:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1971:
1967:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1754:
1752:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1716:
1714:
1707:
1705:
1696:
1687:
1680:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1649:
1640:
1631:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1577:
1568:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1547:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1490:
1481:
1472:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1399:
1390:
1381:
1376:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1174:
1173:
1172:'s division)
1171:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1152:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1060:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
989:
987:
976:
965:
962:
957:
948:
939:
937:
931:
929:
925:
921:
912:
910:
908:
904:
901:(10–12 May),
900:
896:
891:
889:
885:
881:
876:
874:
865:
860:
858:
855:
854:
847:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
728:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
575:
572:
566:
562:
552:
547:
545:
540:
538:
533:
532:
529:
517:
514:
512:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
467:
462:
459:
455:
450:
447:
443:
438:
435:
431:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
350:
348:
345:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
291:Caesar's Camp
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
228:
225:
220:
210:
205:
203:
198:
196:
191:
190:
187:
178:
175:
174:
169:
165:
162:
161:
156:
153:
148:
143:
141:
136:
131:
130:
125:
122:
117:
112:
110:
105:
99:
94:
89:
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2169:Smith, Digby
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2046:. Retrieved
2016:. Retrieved
1974:. Retrieved
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1356:Quosdanovich
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1336:Hohenzollern
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1265:Championnet
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956:objectives.
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851:
848:
816:Sambre River
810:army led by
803:
801:
683:Newfoundland
648:Altenkirchen
507:Geldermalsen
414:
380:2nd Courtrai
326:1st Courtrai
85:Belligerents
55:16 June 1794
18:
2254: /
2224:11 February
2048:20 November
1889:Bodart 1908
1326:Davidovitch
1283:' division
997:Championnet
924:Erquelinnes
826:army under
736:Chouannerie
464: [
452: [
440: [
428: [
400:Erquelinnes
311:Hondschoote
236:1st Limburg
179:2,000-4,000
176:2,200-3,000
2269:Categories
2239:50°27′17″N
2097:References
2084:1 December
2018:2 December
1976:2 December
1824:Saint-Just
1294:'s brigade
1168:(formerly
930:(3 June).
922:(13 May),
918:times, at
882:, and the
861:Background
638:Den Helder
633:Guadeloupe
628:Martinique
598:Thionville
578:Porrentruy
516:Den Helder
503:Luxembourg
336:Wattignies
266:Neerwinden
241:Anderlecht
2242:4°33′12″E
2117:" (Map).
2113:(1777). "
1789:Aftermath
1241:Lefebvre
1170:Fromentin
928:Gosselies
920:Grandreng
903:Tourcoing
844:Charleroi
723:Diersheim
713:Fishguard
673:Neresheim
583:Quiévrain
511:Amsterdam
461:2nd Condé
415:Lambusart
405:Gosselies
390:Tourcoing
385:Grandreng
347:Le Cateau
296:Lincelles
271:1st Condé
67:, Belgium
65:Charleroi
2214:(1887).
2193:(1908).
2171:(1998).
2132:(2011).
2078:Archived
2042:Archived
2012:Archived
1970:Archived
1874:Bas 1887
1493:context.
1191:Montaigu
993:Lefebvre
899:Courtrai
895:Mouscron
703:Biberach
698:2nd Kehl
688:Würzburg
663:1st Kehl
658:Kircheib
643:Siegburg
623:Sardinia
618:Jemappes
588:Marquain
498:Nijmegen
493:Puiflijk
478:Sprimont
370:Mouscron
365:Beaumont
331:Maubeuge
231:Jemappes
158:Strength
60:Location
29:Part of
2202:26 June
2159:2 March
1713:there.
1617:cabaret
1257:Morlot
1215:Marceau
1166:Duhesme
1139:French.
907:Tournai
840:Fleurus
718:Neuwied
708:Ireland
693:Limburg
653:Wetzlar
420:Fleurus
395:Tournay
375:Willems
301:Dunkirk
276:Raismes
2179:
2140:
1828:Guyton
1292:Soland
1281:Dubois
1249:Hatry
1203:Kléber
1181:Muller
1083:, the
1005:Morlot
1003:, and
886:, was
678:Amberg
668:Malsch
593:Verdun
473:Boxtel
281:Famars
166:70,000
163:37,600
73:Result
1846:Notes
1690:line.
1664:right
1366:Riese
1225:Mayer
1001:Hatry
820:Dutch
613:Mainz
608:Lille
603:Valmy
468:]
456:]
444:]
432:]
410:Ypres
321:Menin
256:Breda
246:Namur
2226:2024
2204:2023
2177:ISBN
2161:2014
2138:ISBN
2086:2021
2050:2021
2020:2021
1978:2021
1638:edit
1566:edit
1531:edit
1479:edit
1388:edit
1150:edit
1058:edit
1034:out.
974:edit
822:and
802:The
565:List
52:Date
2271::
2058:^
2028:^
1986:^
1956:^
1896:^
1881:^
1866:^
1854:^
1826:,
1205:.
999:,
995:,
846:.
466:fr
454:fr
442:fr
430:fr
2228:.
2206:.
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2088:.
2052:.
2022:.
1980:.
1642:]
1570:]
1535:]
1483:]
1392:]
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1062:]
978:]
567:)
563:(
550:e
543:t
536:v
208:e
201:t
194:v
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