654:
727:, which was to last one hundred and sixteen years. Although Gascony was the cause of the war, Edward was able to spare few resources for it and up to 1349 whenever an English army campaigned on the continent it operated in northern France. In most campaigning seasons the Gascons had had to rely on their own resources and had been hard pressed by the French.
818:. The detachment took the French by surprise and captured the fortress early in June. In early August the French formally repudiated the ill-observed Truce of Calais, by some accounts due to the loss of Taillebourg. By this time the French had abandoned the siege of Lusignan; the following summer a fresh French army captured the town.
801:
and suffered heavy casualties. The third French battle did not attack, but held its position waiting for any opportunity to exploit. When none had arisen by nightfall, the survivors of the French force, having been defeated in detail, retreated back to
Lusignan with the captured horses. In the course
703:
in northern France were still
English-controlled. The Gascons had their own language and customs. A large proportion of the red wine that they produced was shipped to England in a profitable trade. This trade provided the English king with much of his revenue. The Gascons preferred their relationship
792:
at the rear. The French were wary of attacking the
English position head on; earlier in the war, this tactic had fared badly. Instead they took advantage of their superior mobility, circled round the Anglo-Gascons, overran their baggage train, captured their horses and attacked the dismounted
739:
was agreed between the two kings. In May 1349 it was extended for twelve months. It was almost completely ignored in the south west, where a series of raids and actions were fought in eastern
Gascony in the summer of 1349. The
519:
802:
of the fighting, 300 French were killed and many were captured, including Lille and
Boucicault. That night the Anglo-Gascons withdrew on foot with their prisoners to a nearby fortification.
723:, which included all of Gascony, should be taken back into Philip's hands on the grounds that Edward was in breach of his obligations as a vassal. This marked the start of the
195:
1342:
512:
756:
to the relief of
Lusignan. He was intercepted at Lunalonge by 1,500 French under de Lille. The location of the battle is thought to have been modern Limalonges in
1357:
236:
1337:
402:
505:
365:
188:
788:. The Anglo-Gascons withdrew to a small rise and dismounted as was the fashion among English armies of the time. They sent their horses to their
417:
392:
622:
1260:
1239:
1217:
1148:
412:
593:
578:
568:
543:
397:
282:
207:
793:
Anglo-Gascons from the rear. The first two French battles charged home, but the Anglo-Gascons stood firm, using their lances as improvised
695:. French monarchs systematically sought to check the growth of English power, stripping away lands as the opportunity arose. By 1337 only
338:
761:
645:, had captured their horses. The French lost approximately 300 killed and an unknown but large number captured, including their leader.
548:
253:
1347:
1332:
1119:
1092:
638:
181:
139:
588:
1327:
1189:
1070:
57:
331:
1054:
752:. In late May Thomas Coke, Seneschal of Gascony, led a force of 500 mounted men, composed largely of native Gascons, from
553:
1050:
811:
263:
1352:
1279:
704:
with a distant
English king who left them alone, to one with a French king who would interfere in their affairs.
610:
380:
1322:
1317:
1203:
1136:
641:, gained the upper hand during the day, but had to withdraw on foot during the night because the French, under
1103:
481:
476:
289:
273:
246:
749:
573:
321:
712:
563:
316:
173:
1107:
724:
626:
529:
486:
456:
241:
30:
683:
of 1066, English monarchs had held titles and lands within France, the possession of which made them
583:
360:
268:
231:
1140:
708:
558:
471:
461:
444:
299:
1296:
1179:
785:
720:
614:
422:
306:
294:
111:
326:
1256:
1235:
1227:
1213:
1199:
1185:
1163:
1144:
1115:
1088:
1066:
773:
769:
407:
370:
311:
226:
106:
1288:
815:
789:
375:
355:
115:
736:
680:
466:
258:
131:
765:
757:
716:
634:
439:
1311:
794:
642:
127:
748:, Jean de Lille, had raised a force of local Poitevins to besiege Anglo-Gascon held
1175:
1250:
1207:
1130:
1270:
810:
On the return journey Coke sent a detachment to reconnoiter the large castle at
692:
1292:
1080:
1058:
653:
630:
497:
1167:
72:
59:
798:
741:
434:
797:. The French repeatedly attacked but failed to break into the Anglo-Gascon
753:
700:
691:
was a major source of conflict between the two monarchies throughout the
696:
618:
1300:
745:
684:
1274:
652:
688:
687:
of the kings of France. The status of the
English kings' French
501:
177:
768:, later to be a famous commander; while among the French rode
1181:
A History of the Art of War in the Middle Ages: 1278–1485 A.D
784:
The French approached the
English in three mounted bodies or
1055:"The Development of Battle Tactics in the Hundred Years War"
674: England and English controlled Guyenne/Gascony in 1330
629:. The location of the battle is thought to have been modern
993:
991:
989:
1065:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer Ltd. pp. 69–82.
1063:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
814:, which controlled the most important crossing of the
940:
938:
936:
1275:"Some Neglected Fights between Crecy and Poitiers"
1212:. Oxford: Clarendon Press (published 2005-09-15).
1114:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 389.
760:. Among the forces on the Anglo-Gascon side was
870:
613:force numbering approximately 1,500 men and an
23:
637:. The outnumbered Anglo-Gascons, commanded by
513:
189:
168:Light, but all horses lost and baggage looted
8:
707:Following a series of disagreements between
609:was fought in the summer of 1349 between a
1139:Studies in History. Vol. 71. London:
520:
506:
498:
196:
182:
174:
20:
834:
668: Gained from English control by 1330
1232:The Hundred Years War 1: Trial by Battle
1033:
1021:
968:
956:
894:
882:
662: Under French royal control in 1214
1112:The Oxford Companion to British History
997:
827:
132:
1343:Military history of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
1252:The Hundred Years War 2: Trial by Fire
846:
927:
858:
16:1349 battle of the Hundred Years' War
7:
1009:
980:
944:
906:
549:Second War of Scottish Independence
621:force of some 500 men, during the
14:
1338:Battles of the Hundred Years' War
1160:Great tales from English History
418:Black Prince's chevauchée (1356)
393:Black Prince's chevauchée (1355)
165:300 killed plus others captured
398:Edward III's chevauchée (1355)
1:
1358:Hundred Years' War, 1337–1360
1255:. London: Faber & Faber.
1234:. London: Faber & Faber.
1209:Plantagenet England 1225–1360
772:, known as Boucicault, later
339:Lancaster's chevauchée (1346)
699:in south western France and
589:Armagnac–Burgundian conflict
554:War of the Breton Succession
130:, Seneschal of Poitou (
1249:Sumption, Jonathan (1999).
1184:. London: Greenhill Books.
1087:. London: Greenhill Books.
871:Crowcroft & Cannon 2015
44:Late May or early June 1349
1374:
1061:; Hughes, Michael (eds.).
715:, on 24 May 1337 Philip's
403:Normandy chevauchée (1356)
1333:Battles involving England
1280:English Historical Review
1162:. London: Folio Society.
719:in Paris agreed that the
539:
217:
159:
146:
121:
100:
36:
28:
1328:Battles involving France
1137:Royal Historical Society
1293:10.1093/ehr/xx.lxxx.726
53:Limalonges, Deux-Sèvres
1348:History of Deux-Sèvres
1158:Lacey, Robert (2008).
1129:Harris, Robin (1994).
676:
142:, Seneschal of Gascony
122:Commanders and leaders
971:, pp. 47, 49–50.
735:In November 1348 the
713:Edward III of England
656:
564:War of the Two Peters
413:Loire campaign (1356)
160:Casualties and losses
897:, pp. 273, 275.
92:Anglo-Gascon victory
1102:Crowcroft, Robert;
709:Philip VI of France
607:Battle of Lunalonge
574:Despenser's Crusade
559:Castilian Civil War
451:Treaties and truces
366:Saint-Jean-d'Angély
264:Tournaisis campaign
69: /
24:Battle of Lunalonge
1228:Sumption, Jonathan
1036:, pp. 50, 66.
750:castle of Lusignan
725:Hundred Years' War
721:Duchy of Aquitaine
677:
627:Hundred Years' War
531:Hundred Years' War
332:Calais (1346–1347)
242:Thiérache campaign
205:Hundred Years' War
73:46.1308°N 0.1697°E
31:Hundred Years' War
1353:Conflicts in 1349
1262:978-0-571-13896-8
1241:978-0-571-13895-1
1219:978-0-19-822844-8
1150:978-0-86193-226-9
1000:, pp. 69–82.
774:marshal of France
602:
601:
594:Lancastrian phase
584:Glyndŵr rebellion
495:
494:
254:Scheldt campaigns
172:
171:
96:
95:
1365:
1304:
1266:
1245:
1223:
1195:
1171:
1154:
1125:
1098:
1076:
1051:Bennett, Matthew
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1013:
1007:
1001:
995:
984:
978:
972:
966:
960:
954:
948:
942:
931:
925:
910:
904:
898:
892:
886:
880:
874:
868:
862:
856:
850:
844:
838:
832:
673:
667:
661:
579:1383–1385 Crisis
534:
532:
522:
515:
508:
499:
212:
198:
191:
184:
175:
134:
84:
83:
81:
80:
79:
74:
70:
67:
66:
65:
62:
38:
37:
21:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1323:1340s in France
1318:1349 in England
1308:
1307:
1287:(80): 726–730.
1269:
1263:
1248:
1242:
1226:
1220:
1198:
1192:
1174:
1157:
1151:
1128:
1122:
1101:
1095:
1079:
1073:
1049:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1032:
1028:
1020:
1016:
1008:
1004:
996:
987:
979:
975:
967:
963:
955:
951:
943:
934:
926:
913:
905:
901:
893:
889:
881:
877:
869:
865:
857:
853:
845:
841:
833:
829:
824:
808:
782:
770:Jean le Maingre
762:Jean de Grailly
737:Truce of Calais
733:
681:Norman Conquest
675:
671:
669:
665:
663:
659:
657:France in 1328
651:
603:
598:
544:Edwardian phase
535:
530:
528:
526:
496:
491:
237:English Channel
213:
209:
208:Edwardian phase
206:
204:
202:
78:46.1308; 0.1697
77:
75:
71:
68:
63:
60:
58:
56:
55:
54:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1371:
1369:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1267:
1261:
1246:
1240:
1224:
1218:
1196:
1190:
1172:
1155:
1149:
1132:Valois Guyenne
1126:
1121:978-0199677832
1120:
1099:
1094:978-1853670817
1093:
1077:
1071:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1026:
1014:
1012:, p. 155.
1002:
985:
983:, p. 159.
973:
961:
949:
947:, p. 277.
932:
930:, p. 225.
911:
909:, p. 727.
899:
887:
885:, p. 184.
875:
873:, p. 389.
863:
861:, p. 122.
851:
839:
837:, p. 394.
835:Prestwich 2005
826:
825:
823:
820:
816:River Charente
807:
804:
781:
778:
766:Captal de Buch
732:
729:
670:
664:
658:
650:
647:
600:
599:
597:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
569:Caroline phase
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
540:
537:
536:
527:
525:
524:
517:
510:
502:
493:
492:
490:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
453:
452:
448:
447:
442:
440:Reims campaign
437:
431:
430:
426:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
389:
388:
384:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
347:
346:
342:
341:
336:
335:
334:
329:
324:
319:
312:Crécy campaign
309:
304:
303:
302:
297:
286:
285:
279:
278:
277:
276:
271:
261:
256:
251:
250:
249:
239:
234:
229:
223:
222:
218:
215:
214:
203:
201:
200:
193:
186:
178:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
144:
143:
137:
124:
123:
119:
118:
109:
103:
102:
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
52:
50:
46:
45:
42:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1370:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1200:Prestwich, M.
1197:
1193:
1191:9781853673320
1187:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1176:Oman, Charles
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1142:
1141:Boydell Press
1138:
1134:
1133:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1086:
1085:The Crecy War
1082:
1078:
1074:
1072:9780851157559
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1035:
1034:Sumption 1999
1030:
1027:
1024:, p. 50.
1023:
1022:Sumption 1999
1018:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1003:
999:
994:
992:
990:
986:
982:
977:
974:
970:
969:Sumption 1999
965:
962:
959:, p. 49.
958:
957:Sumption 1999
953:
950:
946:
941:
939:
937:
933:
929:
924:
922:
920:
918:
916:
912:
908:
903:
900:
896:
895:Sumption 1990
891:
888:
884:
883:Sumption 1990
879:
876:
872:
867:
864:
860:
855:
852:
848:
843:
840:
836:
831:
828:
821:
819:
817:
813:
805:
803:
800:
796:
791:
790:baggage train
787:
779:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
730:
728:
726:
722:
718:
717:Great Council
714:
710:
705:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
655:
648:
646:
644:
643:Jean de Lille
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
541:
538:
533:
523:
518:
516:
511:
509:
504:
503:
500:
488:
485:
483:
482:Second London
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
454:
450:
449:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
432:
428:
427:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
390:
386:
385:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
356:Calais (1350)
354:
352:
349:
348:
344:
343:
340:
337:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
314:
313:
310:
308:
305:
301:
298:
296:
293:
292:
291:
288:
287:
284:
281:
280:
275:
272:
270:
267:
266:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
248:
245:
244:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
224:
220:
219:
216:
211:
199:
194:
192:
187:
185:
180:
179:
176:
167:
164:
163:
158:
154:
151:
150:
145:
141:
138:
135:
129:
128:Jean de Lille
126:
125:
120:
117:
113:
110:
108:
105:
104:
99:
91:
88:
87:
82:
51:
48:
47:
43:
40:
39:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1284:
1278:
1251:
1231:
1208:
1204:J.M. Roberts
1180:
1159:
1131:
1111:
1104:Cannon, John
1084:
1062:
1044:Bibliography
1029:
1017:
1005:
998:Bennett 1999
976:
964:
952:
902:
890:
878:
866:
854:
849:, p. 8.
842:
830:
809:
783:
734:
706:
678:
606:
604:
477:First London
350:
322:Blanchetaque
152:Approx 1,500
101:Belligerents
18:
1081:Burne, A.H.
1059:Curry, Anne
847:Harris 1994
812:Taillebourg
758:Deux-Sèvres
693:Middle Ages
639:Thomas Coke
635:Deux-Sèvres
623:first phase
210:(1337–1360)
140:Thomas Coke
76: /
1312:Categories
1271:Tout, T.F.
928:Burne 1991
859:Lacey 2008
822:References
679:Since the
649:Background
631:Limalonges
462:Malestroit
361:Winchelsea
269:Saint-Omer
232:Arnemuiden
155:Approx 500
61:46°07′51″N
1168:261939337
1108:"Gascony"
1083:(1991) .
1010:Oman 1998
981:Oman 1998
945:Tout 1905
907:Tout 1905
806:Aftermath
799:schiltron
742:Seneschal
457:Espléchin
435:Jacquerie
429:1358–1360
387:1355–1356
351:Lunalonge
345:1349–1352
307:Aiguillon
300:Auberoche
283:1345–1347
221:1337–1340
64:0°10′11″E
1273:(1905).
1230:(1990).
1202:(2005).
1178:(1998).
1106:(2015).
1053:(1999).
754:Bordeaux
701:Ponthieu
487:Brétigny
445:Chartres
423:Poitiers
408:Breteuil
295:Bergerac
147:Strength
49:Location
29:Part of
1206:(ed.).
786:battles
731:Prelude
697:Gascony
685:vassals
625:of the
371:Saintes
290:Gascony
274:Tournai
247:Cambrai
227:Cadzand
116:Gascons
1301:548574
1299:
1259:
1238:
1216:
1188:
1166:
1147:
1118:
1091:
1069:
780:Battle
746:Poitou
672:
666:
660:
619:Gascon
611:French
472:Guînes
467:Calais
381:Guînes
376:Ardres
107:France
89:Result
1297:JSTOR
1057:. In
795:pikes
689:fiefs
615:Anglo
327:Crécy
259:Sluys
112:Anglo
1257:ISBN
1236:ISBN
1214:ISBN
1186:ISBN
1164:OCLC
1145:ISBN
1116:ISBN
1089:ISBN
1067:ISBN
711:and
605:The
317:Caen
41:Date
1289:doi
744:of
633:in
133:POW
1314::
1295:.
1285:20
1283:.
1277:.
1143:.
1135:.
1110:.
988:^
935:^
914:^
776:.
764:,
1303:.
1291::
1265:.
1244:.
1222:.
1194:.
1170:.
1153:.
1124:.
1097:.
1075:.
617:-
521:e
514:t
507:v
197:e
190:t
183:v
136:)
114:-
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