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sent two artillery pieces from Sudan via Jeddah, with trained
Egyptian gunners. They breached the walls of the Turkish fort. The Sharifain army attacked and the fate of these defenders was sealed. On July 4, 1916 the last Turkish resistance in Mecca, Jirwal barracks, capitulated, after three weeks of
472:
fired a shot into the air from the window of the
Hashemite palace signaling the beginning of the Arab Revolt. Hearing this his 5000 supporters started firing on Turkish troops in three fortresses overlooking the holy city, and at the Jirwall barracks on Jeddah road. The attack upon the Turkish forces
600:
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was sudden and their acting commanding officer was unaware that a revolt had started. As Sharif's and the
Ottoman banners were of same colour, the Turkish commander could not see the difference, and telephoned Sharif
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about the situation and was told the reason and was told to surrender. He refused. The
Ottoman troops responded by bombarding Mecca from the heights; during the bombardment, they hit the
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492:. On the third day, Hamidia, the Ottoman Government Office, was captured, as well as the Deputy Governor. Now the captive Deputy Governor ordered his remaining
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524:. Gradually, this kingdom expanded northward. This battle left deep scars in the Middle East. Arab states came under strong European influence. The
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The battle started and continued. On the next day, Banu Hashim's forces advanced and captured Bash-Karakol at Safa corner adjacent to the
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464:. Only 1,000 men were left to defend Mecca. Many of them were asleep in barracks in the valley on June 10 when the
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to attempt to demonstrate the impiety of the
Ottomans and the legitimacy of the revolt as a holy war.
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and set fire to the veil that covered it. This incident was later exploited by the propaganda of the
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A Peace to End All Peace: The Fall of the
Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Modern Middle East
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came under
British rule, leading to the eventual creation of the state of
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444:. He prepared his four sons too for this ambitious adventure.
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from this city. The Battle of Mecca was part of the
2884:
Battles of World War I involving the
Ottoman Empire
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Turkish for "main outpost" or "main police station"
512:This battle marked the beginning of the end of the
544:and his dream of an Arabian state stretching from
1685:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
90:
724:
440:. For this purpose he sought the help of the
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516:, and it also sparked the beginning of the
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76:Learn how and when to remove this message
1974:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
39:This article includes a list of general
2351:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
631:
389:in June and July 1916. On June 10, the
2304:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia
1640:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)
102:Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
7:
2708:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
664:
662:
2637:Ottomans against the Triple Entente
1431:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
496:troops to surrender. They refused.
401:clan, started a revolt against the
1370:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
45:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
540:was himself deposed by the rival
1733:Second Battle of the Piave River
1355:Russian invasion of East Prussia
452:In early June 1916, most of the
244:
231:
220:
208:
187:
173:
30:
2804:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo
2004:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
646:The Encyclopedia of World War I
2627:Austria-Hungary against Serbia
2486:Deportations from East Prussia
2283:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia
675:(in French). Ăditions Perrin.
1:
2538:Ukrainian Canadian internment
2693:SazonovâPalĂ©ologue Agreement
1992:Estonian War of Independence
1660:Southern Palestine offensive
669:Le Naour, Jean-Yves (2017).
2647:USA against Austria-Hungary
2046:Turkish War of Independence
1998:Latvian War of Independence
1723:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918
1314:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo
681:10.3917/perri.lenao.2017.01
627:. Doubleday, Doran, and Co.
2915:
2874:Battles of the Arab Revolt
2869:1916 in the Ottoman Empire
2730:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk
2278:1899â1923 cholera pandemic
1738:Second Battle of the Marne
1625:Second battle of the Aisne
1494:Second Battle of Champagne
1335:German invasion of Belgium
579:History of the Arab Revolt
518:Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz
18:
2836:
2511:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)
2040:Irish War of Independence
1783:Armistice of Villa Giusti
1768:Battle of Vittorio Veneto
1380:First Battle of the Marne
746:
311:
257:
200:
165:
121:
107:
95:
2663:Constantinople Agreement
1956:ArmenianâAzerbaijani War
1819:Co-belligerent conflicts
1788:Second Romanian campaign
1758:Third Transjordan attack
1469:GorliceâTarnĂłw offensive
1375:Battle of Grand Couronné
428:was planning to make an
19:Not to be confused with
2726:Modus vivendi of Acroma
2678:BulgariaâGermany treaty
1986:Greater Poland Uprising
1886:National Protection War
1763:MeuseâArgonne offensive
1713:German spring offensive
1708:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1484:Siege of Novogeorgievsk
1459:Second Battle of Artois
1340:Battle of the Frontiers
641:Arab Revolt (1916â1918)
624:Seven Pillars of Wisdom
60:more precise citations.
2751:Paris Peace Conference
2739:UkraineâCentral Powers
2533:Massacres of Albanians
2501:Late Ottoman genocides
2308:Bulgarian occupations
2016:Third Anglo-Afghan War
1980:HungarianâRomanian War
1798:Naval Victory Bulletin
1793:Armistice with Germany
1743:Hundred Days Offensive
1670:Battle of La Malmaison
1620:Second battle of Arras
1587:Battle of Transylvania
1441:Second Battle of Ypres
1309:Sarajevo assassination
1198:South African Republic
499:A stalemate resulted.
201:Commanders and leaders
129:June 10 â July 4, 1916
21:Battle of Mecca (1924)
2889:20th century in Mecca
2761:Treaty of St. Germain
2734:RussiaâCentral Powers
2688:SykesâPicot Agreement
2516:Pontic Greek genocide
2491:Destruction of Kalisz
2467:Eastern Mediterranean
2028:PolishâLithuanian War
1810:Armistice of Belgrade
1773:Armistice of Salonica
1703:Operation Faustschlag
1650:Third Battle of Oituz
1572:Baranovichi offensive
1540:Lake Naroch offensive
1514:Battle of Robat Karim
1489:VistulaâBug offensive
1464:Battles of the Isonzo
1395:First Battle of Ypres
552:remained unrealized.
504:stubborn resistance.
2756:Treaty of Versailles
2472:Mount Lebanon famine
2387:in the United States
2355:Russian occupations
2069:TurkishâArmenian War
2010:PolishâUkrainian War
1950:UkrainianâSoviet War
1897:Central Asian Revolt
1680:Armistice of FocÈani
1410:Battle of Sarikamish
1360:Battle of Tannenberg
756:Military engagements
501:Sir Reginald Wingate
397:, the leader of the
2823:They shall not pass
2746:Treaty of Bucharest
2703:Treaty of Bucharest
2642:USA against Germany
2619:Declarations of war
2323:German occupations
2236:British casualties
2095:SovietâGeorgian War
2022:Egyptian Revolution
1962:Armeno-Georgian War
1826:Somaliland campaign
1778:Armistice of Mudros
1655:Battle of Caporetto
1645:Battle of MÄrÄÈeÈti
1615:Zimmermann telegram
1610:February Revolution
1555:Battle of the Somme
1479:Bug-Narew Offensive
1454:Battle of Gallipoli
1446:Sinking of the RMS
1238:Scramble for Africa
1232:Franco-Prussian War
888:Sinai and Palestine
648:, ABC-CLIO, 2005,
638:Spencer C. Tucker,
16:Part of World War 1
2783:Treaty of Lausanne
2698:Paris Economy Pact
2632:UK against Germany
2562:Entry into the war
2528:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)
2247:Ottoman casualties
2057:Franco-Turkish War
1937:Post-War conflicts
1921:Russian Revolution
1903:Invasion of Darfur
1868:Kelantan rebellion
1856:Kurdish rebellions
1832:Mexican Revolution
1665:October Revolution
1630:Kerensky offensive
1605:Capture of Baghdad
1582:Monastir offensive
1567:Brusilov offensive
1405:Battle of Kolubara
1244:Russo-Japanese War
520:whose capital was
227:Faisal bin Hussein
2849:
2848:
2832:
2831:
2816:The Golden Virgin
2810:Mutilated victory
2791:
2790:
2771:Treaty of Trianon
2766:Treaty of Neuilly
2673:Damascus Protocol
2546:
2545:
2506:Armenian genocide
2463:Allied blockades
2435:Belgian refugees
2218:
2217:
2128:Strategic bombing
2104:
2103:
2089:Franco-Syrian War
2063:Greco-Turkish War
2051:Anglo-Turkish War
2034:PolishâSoviet War
1968:German Revolution
1944:Russian Civil War
1927:Finnish Civil War
1753:Battle of Megiddo
1728:Battle of Goychay
1675:Battle of Cambrai
1635:Battle of MÄrÄÈti
1550:Battle of Jutland
1530:Erzurum offensive
1385:Siege of PrzemyĆl
1365:Siege of Tsingtao
1350:Battle of Galicia
1280:Second Balkan War
1268:Italo-Turkish War
1225:Pre-War conflicts
1211:
1210:
1101:Portuguese Empire
1017:
1016:
979:German New Guinea
961:Asian and Pacific
690:978-2-262-07083-0
611:978-0-8050-8809-0
526:Ottoman caliphate
483:Great Arab Revolt
456:army had gone to
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2899:July 1916 events
2894:June 1916 events
2879:History of Mecca
2776:Treaty of SĂšvres
2668:Treaty of London
2559:
2337:Northeast France
2268:
2240:Parliamentarians
2173:
2135:Chemical weapons
2113:
1874:Senussi campaign
1844:Muscat rebellion
1838:Maritz rebellion
1806:
1748:Vardar offensive
1577:Battle of Romani
1545:Battle of Asiago
1535:Battle of Verdun
1499:Kosovo offensive
1274:First Balkan War
1222:
1121:Russian Republic
1030:
824:
766:Economic history
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672:Djihad 1914-1918
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2683:Treaty of Darin
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2523:Rape of Belgium
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2364:Western Armenia
2359:Eastern Galicia
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1862:Ovambo Uprising
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1436:Battle of ĆomĆŒa
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1415:Christmas truce
1390:Race to the Sea
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1178:Austria-Hungary
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1089:Empire of Japan
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997:U-boat campaign
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470:Hussein bin Ali
466:Sharif of Mecca
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395:Hussein bin Ali
391:Sharif of Mecca
379:Battle of Mecca
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1880:Volta-Bani War
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596:Fromkin, David
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2160:Convoy system
2158:
2157:
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2155:Naval warfare
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2141:
2138:
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1928:
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1915:Kaocen revolt
1913:
1910:
1909:Easter Rising
1907:
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1497:
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1474:Great Retreat
1472:
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1346:
1345:Battle of Cer
1343:
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1333:
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1292:
1288:
1281:
1278:
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1266:
1263:
1262:Agadir Crisis
1260:
1257:
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1239:
1236:
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1067:French Empire
1065:
1064:
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1048:
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1039:
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1028:
1020:
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1009:Mediterranean
1007:
1003:
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989:Naval warfare
986:
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865:Italian Front
863:
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853:Eastern Front
851:
849:
848:Western Front
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839:
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806:Puppet states
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654:1-85109-420-2
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604:. Macmillan.
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385:holy city of
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143:Hejaz Vilayet
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2409: /
2341:
2176:Conscription
2140:Cryptography
2077:Iraqi Revolt
1504:Siege of Kut
1447:
1025:participants
974:German Samoa
908:South Arabia
699:
671:
645:
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599:
583:King Hussein
511:
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378:
376:
315:
251:Fakhri Pasha
242:
206:
185:
171:
166:Belligerents
157:Arab Victory
72:
63:
44:
2439:Netherlands
2416:Switzerland
2297:Occupations
2288:Spanish flu
2065:(1919â1922)
2059:(1918â1921)
2053:(1918â1923)
2042:(1919â1921)
2036:(1919â1921)
2030:(1919â1920)
2006:(1918â1920)
2000:(1918â1920)
1994:(1918â1920)
1976:(1918â1920)
1958:(1918â1920)
1952:(1917â1921)
1946:(1917â1921)
1893:(1916-1918)
1891:Arab Revolt
1882:(1915â1917)
1876:(1915â1917)
1864:(1914-1917)
1858:(1914â1917)
1852:(1914â1921)
1846:(1913â1920)
1834:(1910â1920)
1828:(1900â1920)
1801: [
1319:July Crisis
1240:(1880â1914)
903:Mesopotamia
781:Home fronts
740:World War I
656:, page 117.
589:Arab Revolt
585:'s website)
567:Arab Revolt
432:state from
414:World War I
410:Arab Revolt
399:Banu Hashim
304:Arab Revolt
180:Arab rebels
98:Arab Revolt
58:introducing
2858:Categories
2656:Agreements
2456:War crimes
2332:Luxembourg
2225:Casualties
1096:Montenegro
931:South West
811:Technology
801:Propaganda
791:Opposition
573:References
528:ended and
420:Background
41:references
2553:Diplomacy
2260:Olympians
2183:Australia
2150:Logistics
2083:Vlora War
2012:(1918â19)
1988:(1918â19)
1982:(1918â19)
1970:(1918â19)
1917:(1916â17)
1899:(1916â17)
1850:Zaian War
1840:(1914â15)
1560:first day
1448:Lusitania
1276:(1912â13)
1270:(1911â12)
1258:(1908â09)
1252:(1905â06)
1234:(1870â71)
1023:Principal
883:Gallipoli
786:Memorials
771:Geography
761:Aftermath
530:Palestine
406:Caliphate
346:Wadi Musa
66:July 2010
2841:Category
2428:Refugees
2394:Italians
2383:Germans
2343:Ober Ost
2123:Aviation
1217:Timeline
1188:Bulgaria
969:Tsingtao
946:Togoland
893:Caucasus
828:European
820:Theatres
621:(1935).
598:(2010).
556:See also
542:Ibn Saud
361:Damascus
258:Strength
134:Location
96:Part of
2579:Germany
2479:Germany
2407:Germany
2327:Belgium
2312:Albania
2271:Disease
2251:Sports
2203:Ireland
2116:Warfare
2109:Aspects
1297:Origins
1290:Prelude
1193:Senussi
1173:Germany
1168:Leaders
1106:Romania
1047:Belgium
1042:Leaders
941:Kamerun
923:African
858:Romania
836:Balkans
751:Outline
508:Results
494:Turkish
475:Hussein
454:Ottoman
442:British
403:Ottoman
351:Megiddo
117:in 1910
100:of the
54:improve
2599:Russia
2574:France
2402:Canada
2317:Serbia
2188:Canada
2145:Horses
2097:(1921)
2091:(1920)
2085:(1920)
2079:(1920)
2071:(1920)
2024:(1919)
2018:(1919)
1964:(1918)
1929:(1918)
1923:(1917)
1911:(1916)
1905:(1916)
1870:(1915)
1282:(1913)
1264:(1911)
1246:(1905)
1203:Darfur
1128:Serbia
1111:Russia
1074:Greece
1062:France
1052:Brazil
898:Persia
841:Serbia
687:
652:
608:
591:at PBS
536:. The
534:Israel
448:Events
438:Aleppo
383:Muslim
366:Aleppo
321:Medina
154:Result
43:, but
2796:Other
2589:Japan
2584:Italy
2411:camps
2255:Rugby
1805:]
1084:Japan
1079:Italy
1057:China
951:North
550:Syria
546:Yemen
522:Mecca
479:Kaaba
462:Hijaz
387:Mecca
356:Tafas
341:Aqaba
331:Yanbu
316:Mecca
266:1,000
263:5,000
139:Mecca
115:Mecca
2376:POWs
1695:1918
1597:1917
1523:1916
1424:1915
1328:1914
1133:Siam
936:East
685:ISBN
650:ISBN
606:ISBN
581:(on
458:Taif
434:Aden
430:Arab
424:The
377:The
336:Wejh
326:Taif
126:Date
677:doi
548:to
436:to
412:of
2860::
1803:It
683:.
661:^
644:,
468:,
416:.
393:,
145:,
141:,
2227:/
732:e
725:t
718:v
693:.
679::
614:.
295:e
288:t
281:v
79:)
73:(
68:)
64:(
50:.
23:.
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