242:
37:
528:, bolstered their ranks. The Norman army is said to have included 2,000 Norman knights, considered an inflated number by modern historians, in addition to Lombard infantry and heavy cavalry formations. Historian Richard Humble has put the army's numbers at 700 Norman knights and about 1,300 foot soldiers, roughly double the number estimated by Gordon S. Brown for the preceding battle, in Olivento.
575:. The victory at Montemaggiore provided the Normans with their first significant acquisition of war booty, including military equipment, horses, tents, precious fabrics, as well as gold and silver vessels. The enrichment of the soldiers in turn attracted more knights to join the rebellion. The 1041 Lombard-Norman revolt was followed by a third and final battle, the
249:
563:
excitement. A great number of
Byzantine soldiers, including the two bishops, drowned in the Ofanto attempting to flee. A particularly great number of Varangians also fell in battle, and the Byzantines were eventually defeated in the battle. The Norman victory has been attributed in particular to the addition of the Norman heavy cavalry.
562:
The
Normans attacked the Byzantines in a spearhead formation, which led the first line to be driven into the second, and in turn causing confusion among the Byzantines. William suffered from fever and initially watched the fight from a hill, but eventually joined the battle as he was overcome with
488:, they took increasing control during the 1041 revolt, and started to carve out territory for themselves after the Battle of Montemaggiore. The site of the battle was the river Ofanto near Cannae, but the name of the mountain
539:), but estimated by Brown as "several thousand" (at Olivento). The army was divided into two lines, and consisted of fresh troops from Asia and returning soldiers from Sicily. The Byzantine forces also included the
292:
1141:
571:
With the
Byzantine army crushed, Michael Dokeianos fell back to the port of Bari, requesting new reinforcements from Sicily. Instead, Dokeianos was transferred to Sicily and replaced by
1146:
1136:
285:
1156:
615:
461:
as a result of the battle. The victory provided the
Normans with increasing amounts of resources, as well as a renewed surge of knights joining the rebellion.
500:
The Norman offence at
Montemaggiore was led by William Iron Arm, who was elected the leader of the Normans. Also present were William's two younger brothers,
278:
531:
The
Byzantine catepan, Michael Dokeianos, met the Normans with a numerically greater army. His army is claimed to have included 18,000 men in the
1126:
241:
1073:
1052:
1031:
1010:
989:
968:
947:
926:
905:
884:
860:
375:
257:
101:
316:
28:
1098:
who had now allied with themselves a considerable host of
Italians living around the river Po and in the foothills of the Alps
1131:
1151:
355:
453:. Suffering heavy losses in the battle, the Byzantines were eventually defeated, and the remaining forces retreated to
380:
1116:
302:
397:
1161:
489:
1121:
478:
323:
473:, the first battle of a renewed revolt of Lombard-Norman forces against the Byzantine Empire instigated by
981:
Dictionary of
Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity through the Twenty-first Century
505:
576:
385:
360:
338:
508:. The Norman contingent gained considerable strength following the previous battle at Olivento, as new
870:
572:
365:
501:
450:
426:
95:
609:
532:
474:
470:
328:
1069:
1048:
1027:
1006:
985:
964:
943:
922:
901:
880:
856:
446:
370:
186:
442:
438:
195:
151:
42:
552:
544:
525:
199:
190:
157:
58:
54:
46:
849:
556:
477:. The battle at Olivento was the first battle between Normans and Byzantines since the
36:
1110:
343:
1042:
1021:
1000:
979:
958:
937:
916:
895:
874:
63:
1063:
481:
in 1018, but the outcome shifted this time from
Byzantine victory to defeat.
116:
103:
692:, "Norman Conquests, Norman Expansion: Southern Italy and Sicily", p. 68.
509:
430:
171:
270:
540:
517:
434:
165:
548:
521:
458:
422:
418:
91:
87:
50:
469:
The battle was fought on 4 May 1041, less than two months after the
1044:
The Oxford
Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology
513:
485:
454:
274:
999:
Jansen, Katherine L.; Drell, Joanna; Andrews, Frances (2010).
445:
led the offence, which was part of a greater revolt, against
921:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company Inc., Publishers.
484:
While the Normans originally only fought as mercenaries in
942:. Oxford, UK and New York, NY: Osprey Publishing Limited.
1065:
John Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811–1057
602:
John Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811–1057
1047:. Vol. 1. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
1005:. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
814:
812:
810:
785:
783:
781:
555:, and was morally bolstered by the presence of two
848:
801:
1142:Battles of the Norman conquest of southern Italy
918:The Norman Conquest of Southern Italy and Sicily
1026:. Vol. 2. New York and London: Routledge.
789:
646:
644:
642:
248:
21:
939:The Normans: Warrior Knights and Their Castles
818:
936:Gravett, Christopher; Nicolle, David (2007).
704:
702:
700:
698:
492:is usually used to refer to the 1041 battle.
286:
8:
457:. Dokeianos was replaced and transferred to
897:The Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare
756:
754:
752:
750:
629:
627:
625:
737:
614:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
604:. Cambridge University Press. p. 401.
293:
279:
271:
18:
1068:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
735:
733:
731:
729:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
673:
671:
650:
417:) was fought on 4 May 1041, on the river
855:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
708:
1089:
879:. Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University.
587:
1137:Battles involving the Byzantine Empire
830:
772:
760:
689:
633:
607:
512:auxiliaries from the northern part of
1157:Battles involving the Varangian Guard
741:
677:
662:
595:
593:
591:
7:
1147:Battles of the Byzantine–Norman wars
1002:Medieval Italy: Texts in Translation
851:Warfare in Feudal Europe: 730-1200
14:
984:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
873:; Benedikz, Benedikt S. (2007) .
317:Norman conquest of southern Italy
29:Norman conquest of southern Italy
963:. United States: Mallard Press.
802:Jansen, Drell & Andrews 2010
247:
240:
218:1,300 infantry soldiers (Humble)
35:
1023:Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia
1020:Kleinhenz, Christopher (2004).
559:bishops from Troia and Ofanto.
350:Norman invasions of the Balkans
833:, "Cannae, Battle of", p. 322.
1:
1127:1040s in the Byzantine Empire
1041:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
516:and Norman mercenaries from
1062:Wortley, John, ed. (2010).
900:. New York, NY: Routledge.
876:The Varangians of Byzantium
790:Blöndal & Benedikz 2007
392:Byzantine campaign in Italy
117:41.35000000°N 16.21666694°E
1178:
960:Warfare in the Middle Ages
819:Gravett & Nicolle 2007
915:Brown, Gordon S. (2003).
312:
235:
222:
205:
180:
144:
70:
34:
26:
957:Humble, Richard (1989).
211:several thousand (Brown)
122:41.35000000; 16.21666694
411:Battle of Montemaggiore
22:Battle of Montemaggiore
16:Battle in 1041 in Italy
894:Bradbury, Jim (2004).
600:Wortley, John (2010).
181:Commanders and leaders
1132:11th century in Italy
978:Jaques, Tony (2007).
847:Beeler, John (1971).
577:Battle of Montepeloso
437:rebel forces and the
304:Byzantine–Norman wars
261:Location within Italy
223:Casualties and losses
573:Exaugustus Boioannes
547:, led by the future
258:class=notpageimage|
213:18,000 (Bari Annals)
1152:Catepanate of Italy
113: /
475:Arduin the Lombard
471:Battle of Olivento
216:700 Norman knights
53:, in contemporary
1117:Conflicts in 1041
1075:978-0-521-76705-7
1054:978-0-19-533403-6
1033:978-0-415-93931-7
1012:978-0-8122-2058-2
991:978-0-313-33538-9
970:978-0-7924-5089-4
949:978-1-84603-218-9
928:978-0-7864-1472-7
907:978-0-415-22126-9
886:978-0-521-21745-3
862:978-0-8014-9120-7
665:, pp. 38–39.
447:Michael Dokeianos
406:
405:
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187:Michael Dokeianos
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537:Annales barenses
479:Battle of Cannae
451:Catepan of Italy
449:, the Byzantine
443:William Iron Arm
439:Byzantine Empire
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288:
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196:William Iron Arm
152:Byzantine Empire
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57:commemorating a
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19:
1177:
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1162:Harald Hardrada
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998:
992:
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935:
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893:
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871:Blöndal, Sigfús
869:
863:
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842:
837:
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748:
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653:, p. 1068.
649:
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632:
623:
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589:
585:
569:
553:Harald Hardrada
545:Varangian Guard
526:Rainulf Drengot
498:
467:
427:Byzantine Italy
407:
402:
376:2nd Dyrrhachium
356:1st Dyrrhachium
308:
303:
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200:Rainulf Drengot
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191:Harald Hardrada
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158:Varangian Guard
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107:
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100:
99:
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96:Byzantine Italy
59:Varangian Guard
55:Ringerike style
40:
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12:
11:
5:
1175:
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1129:
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1122:1041 in Europe
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906:
891:
885:
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861:
843:
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836:
835:
823:
821:, p. 102.
806:
804:, p. 493.
794:
777:
765:
746:
713:
711:, p. 160.
694:
682:
667:
655:
651:Kleinhenz 2004
638:
636:, p. 680.
621:
586:
584:
581:
579:in September.
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565:
497:
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415:Monte Maggiore
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136:Norman victory
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68:
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64:LangbarĂ°alandi
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31:
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832:
827:
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815:
813:
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807:
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798:
795:
792:, p. 70.
791:
786:
784:
782:
778:
775:, p. 78.
774:
769:
766:
763:, p. 68.
762:
757:
755:
753:
751:
747:
744:, p. 43.
743:
738:
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732:
730:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
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714:
710:
709:Bradbury 2004
705:
703:
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695:
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686:
683:
680:, p. 42.
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490:Montemaggiore
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482:
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476:
472:
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460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
441:. The Norman
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334:Montemaggiore
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108:16°13′0.001″E
105:41°21′0.000″N
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530:
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483:
468:
414:
410:
408:
381:Thessalonica
333:
174:auxiliaries
164:
150:
145:Belligerents
90:river, near
62:
47:Södermanland
27:Part of the
831:Rogers 2010
773:Humble 1989
761:Beeler 1971
690:Rogers 2010
634:Jaques 2007
543:-dominated
533:Bari Annals
386:Demetritzes
339:Montepeloso
120: /
1111:Categories
742:Brown 2003
678:Brown 2003
663:Brown 2003
583:References
557:Greek Rite
465:Background
429:, between
78:4 May 1041
61:fallen in
1085:Footnotes
610:cite book
567:Aftermath
549:Norwegian
524:, led by
398:Brindisi
43:runestone
506:Humphrey
361:Ioannina
329:Olivento
206:Strength
83:Location
840:Sources
518:Salerno
510:Lombard
431:Lombard
371:Larissa
231:Unknown
172:Lombard
166:Normans
1072:
1051:
1030:
1009:
988:
967:
946:
925:
904:
883:
859:
522:Aversa
496:Battle
459:Sicily
435:Norman
423:Cannae
419:Ofanto
324:Cannae
133:Result
92:Cannae
88:Ofanto
51:Sweden
551:king
541:Norse
514:Italy
502:Drogo
486:Italy
421:near
228:Heavy
45:from
1096:...
1070:ISBN
1049:ISBN
1028:ISBN
1007:ISBN
986:ISBN
965:ISBN
944:ISBN
923:ISBN
902:ISBN
881:ISBN
857:ISBN
616:link
520:and
504:and
455:Bari
413:(or
409:The
366:Arta
344:Bari
75:Date
425:in
1113::
809:^
780:^
749:^
716:^
697:^
670:^
641:^
624:^
612:}}
608:{{
590:^
94:,
49:,
41:A
1078:.
1057:.
1036:.
1015:.
994:.
973:.
952:.
931:.
910:.
889:.
865:.
618:)
535:(
433:-
294:e
287:t
280:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
