Battle of Poelcappelle

1258:, told Plumer that the exploitation would not be possible as the Corps light railway and the Westhoek to Zonnebeke road could not carry forward all the artillery necessary. On 7 October, Haig cancelled the exploitation attack to the second objective (red line), intended for the afternoon of 9 October. The rain stopped that night and the ground began to dry on 8 October, until late afternoon when another downpour began. From 4 to 9 October, over 30 mm (1.2 in) of rain fell, during a month when average rainfall was 75 mm (3 in). According to James Edmonds, the official historian, the Corps Chief Engineers and divisional Commanders Royal Engineers (CRE), considered that the ground conditions did not create serious transport difficulties to the front line until 4 October. In some places the going was good enough up to 12 October, except in some areas where the ground became impassable. The area behind II Anzac Corps, near the Steenbeek and its tributaries, was called "a porridge of mud" (sic). Duck-board tracks were extended to 1 mi (1.6 km) short of the front line, beyond which was a taped row of stakes illuminated with lamps at night; pack animals trampled many of the tracks and stakes into the mud. 1952: 2048:(Flanders I Position), rain, mud, shell-hole machine-gun nests and counter-attacks, led the attackers being forced back towards their start lines. The brigades from the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division and 49th (West Riding) Division of the II Anzac Corps began the attack exhausted from the conditions of the approach march and some units had not arrived when the attack began, although on the right of the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division, German troops surrendered readily to the depleted British battalions. In I Anzac Corps, the Australian divisions were understrength after the attack of 4 October and the strain of holding the front until the attack. From 30 September to 14 October, BEF shell consumption (most being fired at Ypres) fell from 2.5 million to 1.6 million by the field artillery, 201: 1328:

and 3rd Australian divisions in reserve, was to attack two objectives, the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division, advancing along the main ridge, north of the Ypres–Roulers railway to just short of Passchendaele village and the 49th (West Riding) Division on either side of the Ravebeek stream, up Wallemolen spur to the Bellevue pillboxes. If the first objectives were reached, the reserve brigades were to attack the second objectives in the afternoon. The second objectives were 800–1,000 yd (730–910 m) ahead of the red line, beyond the village and the main ridge, respectively. The reserve divisions were ready to move rapidly forward, by train from west of Ypres to continue the attack the next day.

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final objective, taking the strongpoint later in the afternoon. Consolidation was hampered by German snipers in Houthoulst Forest and German aircraft appeared over the new front line, which was 2,500 yd (1.4 mi; 2.3 km) forward on the Veldhoek–Vijwegen spur. No counter-attack was made until the evening, beyond the right flank on the 29th Division front, which withdrew a short distance. On the left of the Guards Division, German troops massing at the junction with the French 2nd Division to the north were dispersed by machine-gun fire from gunners, who had advanced to the final objective with the infantry and by British artillery fire.

1719: 1860:, which induced the German garrison to surrender. The Broembeek was crossed by the Newfoundland Battalion, which advanced up the Ypres–Staden railway, captured German dugouts in the embankment and reached the first objective on time. The advance to the second objective found much reduced German resistance and the final objective 700 yd (640 m) further on was reached. A counter-attack was defeated at noon and then a retirement of 200 yd (180 m) was made, in the face of another counter-attack later in the afternoon; German infantry left the area vacant. 1795: 1214: 214: 187: 1262: 1310: 159: 1160:) to explain his intentions. After the victories of 20 and 26 September, the fine weather, the disarray of the German defenders and the limited prospect of German reinforcements from the Russian front, Haig decided that the attack on 4 October would conclude the period of strictly limited advances. The following step would be a deeper advance, with provision made for exploitation. Haig wanted reserve formations of infantry, artillery, cavalry and tanks to be ready to extend a successful attack. 1896: 1818:

flank and in the centre conformed. On the right flank, the German defence had been far less determined and more ground could have been taken but for the failure on the left. The ground was consolidated and reinforcements were brought up between Pheasant Farm and Retour Crossroads. Prisoners reported many casualties in the German division opposite, due to it being fresh and willing to fight to hold its ground. After the fighting ended, both sides recovered wounded during a local truce.

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13,500 yd (7.7 mi; 12.3 km), it was intended to capture Passchendaele ridge in two stages. The first objective (red line) would be captured by a morning attack, which if successful and the cause of a general withdrawal by the Germans, would be followed-up by the reserve brigades of the attacking divisions, which would advance to the second objective (blue line) in the afternoon. On 7 October Haig cancelled the afternoon attack to the blue line due to the wet weather.

2141:... famished and untended on the battlefield.... Those that could not be brought back were dressed in the muddy shell holes.... On the morning of the 12th many of these unfortunate men were still lying upon the battlefield, and not a few had meantime died of exposure in the wet and cold weather.... Even before the attack, dressing stations and regimental aid posts as well as the battlefield itself were crowded with the wounded of the 49th (West Riding) Division. 1132: 173: 145: 2079:. Armin noted that more German troops were trickling to the rear, even on quiet days and ordered that "the sternest measures" should be taken against them and be made public. Despite the difficulties and the cost, the German defenders had obtained a considerable defensive success but with the attack on 12 October (the First Battle of Passchendaele), the Battle of Poelcappelle caused a "crisis in command". German losses had risen 1809:

The British infantry lost the barrage, which was as ineffective as elsewhere due to shells being smothered and moving at 100 yd (91 m) in four minutes, too fast for the conditions. The German counter-barrage arrived after seven minutes and was equally ineffective. The British destructive bombardment on German positions was much more damaging than the creeping bombardment and caused the Germans considerable casualties.

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hours and the ammunition arrived coated with slime. The effect of the rain was not uniform and further north, in the area of XIV Corps and the French First Army, the ground had not been damaged as much by shell-fire. Despite considerable difficulty, the field artillery was moved to within 4,000 yd (2.3 mi; 3.7 km) of the final objective and ample ammunition and field stores were brought forward. XIV Corps had

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the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division could come up, the Australian brigade withdrew 800 yd (730 m) with many casualties; during the withdrawal, British troops were seen advancing north of the railway. By the time reinforcements were ready to attempt another advance to support them, the British troops had also retired and the 5th Australian Brigade consolidated on the first objective.

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Jansbeek to Drie Grachten. The axis of the French advance was along the banks of the Corverbeek, towards the south and south-eastern fringes of Houthulst Forest, the villages of Koekuit, Mangelaere, blockhouses and pillboxes, which connected the forest with the German line southwards towards Poelcappelle. On the left flank, the French were covered by the Belgian Army, which held the ground about

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stopped, German machine-gunners and field artillery could see British and Australian infantry and inflicted many casualties. Many wounded soldiers were left stranded on the battlefield, under sniper fire, in the mud and rain. The battle was also costly for the Germans and Crown Prince Rupprecht wrote of the "oppressive superiority" of the British artillery, even though the 4th Army had fired

1043:. Only the supporting attack in the north achieved a substantial advance. On the main front, the German defences withstood the limited amount of artillery fire achieved by the British after the attack of 4 October. The ground along the main ridges had been severely damaged by shelling and rapidly deteriorated in the rains, which began again on 3 October, turning some areas back into swamps. 1343:, was to advance 1,200 yd (1,100 m) up Poelcappelle spur and towards Westroosebeke on the main ridge. XIV Corps was to advance to the south edge of Houthoulst Forest with the 4th, 29th and Guards divisions, as the French First Army conformed on its left. Raids and artillery bombardments were arranged along the rest of the front to deceive the Germans as to the British objectives. 1164:

more steps at three-day intervals and then another four days to repair roads over the captured ground. Haig considered that although a collapse of the German defence was a condition for exploitation of the attack due on 10 October, which was not guaranteed, he desired that arrangements be made. If the German defences did not collapse, the preparations would be available for a later date.

1236:(defensive positions) behind the attack front could be occupied by the fresh German divisions. An attack on these defensive lines would need close artillery support, which would be impossible because the British artillery was behind a severely battered strip of muddy ground 2 mi (3.2 km) wide. As the magnitude of the victory became apparent, Plumer had second thoughts but by 1685:. Two brigades each from 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division and the 49th (West Riding) Division, assembled behind Frezenberg and Potijze, about 2.5 mi (4 km) from the jumping off line. The brigades were expected to cover the distance in five hours but the dark, rain, state of the ground and fitful German artillery fire caused serious delays. Both divisions reported at 2209:

early gains around Passchendaele were mostly lost to German counter-attacks. The battle was a German defensive success, although costly to both sides. British attacks were postponed until the weather improved and communications behind the front had been restored. Two German divisions intended for Italy were diverted to Flanders, to replace "extraordinarily high" losses.

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from there to the south-east of Wolf Copse, with an advanced post 150 yd (140 m) south-east of the Copse. A support line was dug along the first objective and several small counter-attacks were seen off. Troops from a reserve battalion were sent up to the vicinity of Peter Pan and more troops occupied the old British front line. Around

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the troops in the centre followed, under the impression that it was a general withdrawal and the brigade ended up at the red line. After stopping a German counter-attack in the late afternoon, the division withdrew slightly to gain touch with the 49th (West Riding) Division on the left and find cover from machine guns on the Bellevue Spur. The

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ignorance of the cause of the check, the divisional HQ sent forward the 147th Brigade and the rest of the supporting battalions of the attacking brigades, which were either pinned down or held back on Gravenstafel spur, as the cause of the check was realised. In the afternoon the 148th and 146th brigades were near the red line, having had

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The attacking troops were subjected to more German artillery fire than in recent battles, due to the reduced amount of counter-battery fire from the British artillery and inadequate air observation during the poor weather from 4 to 8 October. It places the rain had helped mask the advance but when it

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the British attacked again, the battle eventually subsiding with minor gains of ground by each side. After numerous German counter-attacks during the night, except near Reutel in the south, opposite Passchendaele and near Houthoulst Forest in the north, the British were back on their start lines. The

1929:

After crossing the flooded Broembeek at its confluence with the Steenbeek near St Jean, just before the point where the Steenbeek becomes the St Jansbeek, through a wide and shallow depression filled with mud, the 2nd Division captured the villages of St Jean, Veldhoek and Mangelaere on the outskirts

1905:

The French First Army, between the British Fifth Army to the south and the Belgian Army further north, attacked on 31 July, south of the inundations and advanced to the west of Wijdendreft and Bixschoote. On 1 August, the 51st Division on the left flank had captured ground from the Martjevaart and St

1677:

advanced 1,200 yd (1,100 m) to the north-west end of the Keiberg Spur; the battalions were under strength and were unable properly to mop up German troops who had been by-passed. German reinforcements infiltrated behind the Australians, endangering them with encirclement. Before troops from

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Gough and Plumer replied over the next couple of days, that they felt that Haig's proposals were premature and that exploitation would not be feasible until Passchendaele ridge had been captured from Passchendaele northwards to Westroosebeke. Gough and Plumer thought that this would probably take two

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against the attackers. The British advance was stopped 100–200 yd (91–183 m) beyond the front line on the left, at the Brewery near Polcappelle, from where the troops withdrew to their jumping-off trenches to reorganise. As this retirement was seen, the survivors of other units on the left

1327:

was to attack to hold German reserves around Becelaere and Gheluvelt. To the north, I Anzac Corps was to advance on the right flank of the main attack, with the 1st and 2nd Australian divisions, the 4th and 5th Australian divisions being in reserve. Further north, II Anzac Corps with the New Zealand

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were placed beyond Frezenburg, along the Zonnebeke road 1 mi (1.6 km) short of their intended positions. Conditions for the gunners deteriorated rapidly, with dugouts flooding in the rain. A sharp increase in illness led to breakdowns in the system of reliefs, just when the workload was at

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Extension of the plank roads behind the two Anzac Corps proved impossible during the rain which began on 4 October, planks sinking or floating away. The field artillery of II Anzac Corps was not able to move forward as planned from west of the Steenbeek to the Zonnebeke–Winnipeg road. Platforms were

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The reserve brigades of the attacking divisions of I and II Anzac corps were to reach Drogenbroodhoek in the south, 3,000 yd (1.7 mi; 2.7 km) beyond Broodseinde, Passchendaele station on the Morslede road in the centre and gain touch with the Fifth Army on the Westroosebeke road north

1942:

German infantry and carried out tactical reconnaissance. On the right of the French, the Guards Division co-operated in the capture of Koekuit, having also crossed the mud of the Broembeek. German counter-attacks recovered a strongpoint at the north end of the French attack front, until expelled in

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and during the morning and troops from the supporting battalions of the attacking brigades filled gaps in the line. The final position reached was 100–200 yd (91–183 m) beyond the first objective, from which a line of posts ran from south of Wolf Farm to the eastern edge of Wolf Copse and

1732:

on the right of the 49th (West Riding) Division stalled in the swamp astride the Ravebeek, only a few parties getting across. The creeping barrage was thin and moved at 100 yd (91 m) in six minutes, far too fast for the infantry. The barrage was lost on the right flank at the marshy edges

1623:

attacked Polderhoek Château. The brigade reached the château ruins behind a creeping barrage and engaged the pillboxes in the vicinity but mud clogged many weapons. German machine-gun fire from Gheluvelt forced the brigade back to the start line and an attack that night was cancelled. Further north

1223:

In the early morning of 4 October, news arrived at British Headquarters (HQ) of the great success of the attack. Brigadier-General Charteris, Chief Intelligence Officer at General Headquarters, was sent from Haig's Advanced HQ to the Second Army HQ to discuss exploitation. Plumer did not agree that

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if given three hours' notice. The divisions in corps reserve would be ready by the following morning to advance beyond the reserve brigades if German resistance crumbled. A cavalry division was given to each army to operate with the reserve divisions, two tank battalions were attached to the Second

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In the worst weather conditions of the campaign, which occurred in the five weeks after the Battle of Broodseinde, the number of troops engaged by the British amounted to no more than those involved in the Battle of Pilckem Ridge on 31 July. British losses in October 1917 were the third-highest of

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of ammunition during the attack. Units had become mixed up, suffered "very high wastage" and "confusion reigns". Rupprecht and Kuhl feared that ground would have to be conceded, to delay the British by making them redeploy their artillery. In the north near Houthoulst Forest, the attack had forced

1808:

to reach the front line through mud and rain. When the brigades attacked, they were swept by machine-gun fire from the fresh German 16th Division, which had crept forward in the dark and occupied shell-hole positions so close to the British jumping-off line, that the British barrage overshot them.

1709:

a patrol finding Passchendaele village empty. Soon after arriving at the final objective, the rain stopped and in the better visibility, German machine guns and field artillery began to fire from the right flank. At noon, both flanks of the brigade were swung back to find neighbouring units, which

1419:

On 7 October, the 4th Army headquarters rescinded the policy of a reinforced front defence zone, to avoid another disaster like 4 October. Front line regiments were dispersed again, with their reserve battalions moved back behind the artillery protective line. More artillery was to be used against

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were still along the Wieltje–Gravenstafel road, west of the Steenbeek, with only a few forward on the other side behind Hill 35. Transport of ammunition by pack animal was only possible to guns kept within 100–150 yd (91–137 m) of roads. Journeys previously an hour-long took from 6 to 16

1966:

German artillery behind the Passchendaele Ridge and Gheluvelt Plateau was not detected and very little British counter-battery fire was achieved. Wire cutting by the artillery which did get into action was inadequate, in the areas where there was no ground observation. Little flying was attempted

1886:

Little German resistance was encountered on the right, except from a German pillbox at Egypt House, whence the Guards pulled their right flank back under sniper fire, as they waited for Newfoundland troops of 29th Division to come up. The left brigade bypassed a German strongpoint and reached the

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and enough wire to cover 3,000 yd (1.7 mi; 2.7 km) of front was carried forward by the pioneer battalion; much digging was done but the rain destroyed trenches as they were built. The two attacking brigades moved up late on 7 October in torrential rain, which stopped at midnight on

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green flares on the objective (blue line) showed that it had been captured. A report arrived that the commanding ground around Reutel had been captured and that many Germans had been shot while fleeing. The advance had been held up at Juniper Cottage and German guns in a gap near Judge Copse also

2208:

The 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division repulsed a counter-attack on 10 October. Numerous British divisional reliefs took place before 12 October and a dummy German raid was reported that morning. The First Battle of Passchendaele took place on 12 October. The attack took ground in the north but

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area, the 4th Division attacked with one brigade on an 800 yd (730 m) front. The limited progress of the XVIII Corps attack to the south restricted the advance to just beyond Poelcappelle and a new line was consolidated beyond the Poelcappelle–Houthoulst road. On the left flank to the

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The right of the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division rested on the railway beyond Keerselaarhoek below the main ridge, then north past Augustus Wood to the Ravebeek. The 49th (West Riding) Division line began in the valley at Marsh Bottom, then along the bottom of the Bellevue slopes above the

1776:

a reconnaissance report from a contact patrol aircraft crew had the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division and 49th (West Riding) Division at the final objective. Despite the scepticism of the brigade staff officers, both divisions were ordered to push forward reserves to consolidate the line. In

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the first objective (red line) had been reached. An attempt by following waves to leap-frog through the troops on the red line failed, due to the volume of fire from the Bellevue pillboxes. One attack got to within 40 yd (37 m) of Bellevue and a later attempt at a flanking attack was

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Dreadful ground conditions had more effect on the British, who needed to move large amounts of artillery and ammunition to support the next attack. The battle was a defensive success for the 4th Army, although costly to both sides. The weather and ground conditions put severe strain on all the

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each map square was divided into four sections 3,000 sq yd (2,500 m). The observer used a call sign of the map square letter then the zone letter to signal to the artillery. All guns and howitzers up to 6 in (150 mm) able to bear on the target, opened rapid fire using

1405:

The ground was unbelievably boggy, we just hardly got forward. The man to my front threatened to disappear in the darkness, so I moved quicker, only to get stuck up to my knees in the morass... but then the man behind me got stuck as well in the filthy mess.... At long last the two of us were

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and that all of the 197th Brigade on the right flank would be late. Staff officers were sent out to hurry on every man capable of going faster, rather than keeping units together. When the creeping barrage began, the troops who had arrived spread out and followed the barrage. The creeper was

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on the left had to struggle through mud and flooded trenches, north of the Ravebeek. German machine-gun fire from the pillboxes at Bellevue 500–800 yd (460–730 m) away, stopped the infantry halfway to the red line, despite a further attempt to advance by the supporting battalions.

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The arrangements agreed by Haig, Gough and Plumer on 2 October, the effect of the victory of 4 October and the disarray of the German defenders, led to the attack planned for 10 October being advanced to 9 October, with a second attack being arranged for 12 October. Attacking a front of

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in the Fifth Army from 9 to 14 October (including the First Battle of Passchendaele on 12 October). In the Ravebeek valley in the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division area, some of the wounded drowned in shell-holes, which had filled with rain. On 12 October an Australian officer found,

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on the left flank, taking 4½ hours, to travel 6 mi (10 km) to the front line. The advance was made in three stages, with an hour to consolidate behind standing and smoke barrages at the first and intermediate objectives. The rain stopped at midnight and the attack began at

2369:, the "corps wing" with squadrons responsible for close reconnaissance, photography and artillery observation on the front of each army corps and an "army wing", which by 1917 conducted long-range reconnaissance and bombing, using the aircraft types with the highest performance. 2072:

The strain was reflected in a 4th Army order by General Sixt von Armin on 11 October, acknowledging that although fresh ground holding divisions had defeated attacks, some British troops had advanced a considerable distance and ground had been lost, despite the intervention of

1224:

it was possible because eight more uncommitted German divisions were behind the battlefield and there were another six beyond them; Plumer preferred to wait until the expected German counter-attacks that day had been defeated. German artillery fire was still heavy and the

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on the right flank, attacked towards Daisy and Dairy woods on a 1,200-yard (1,100 m) front but were quickly stopped by German machine-gun fire; later in the afternoon the woods were outflanked from the north and the objective was reached. Two battalions of the

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The bright dry weather at Ypres during September ended and high winds, rain and low cloud obscured the battlefield on 4 October. Heavy rain fell on 7 and 8 October and severely hampered air operations and no artillery observation was achieved by the British from

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held up the infantry; a reserve platoon was sent up but was also unable to clear the Copse. Eventually two companies captured the area by attacking from the south-east. The Germans shelled the area all night and all next day but no counter-attack was attempted.

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improvised to keep them out of the mud but the failure to move left them 6,000 yd (3.4 mi; 5.5 km) from the morning objective, 1,000 yd (910 m) out of range of the German field artillery beyond Passchendaele. The field batteries for the

1084:) on the Aisne, made it desirable that the large number of German divisions drawn from the French front should not return. At Verdun on 20 August, the French achieved a substantial success; there was no German counter-stroke or counter-offensive as the local 1432:

were placed closer to the front line, to intervene as swiftly as possible once an attack commenced, despite the risk of being devastated by the British artillery. On 9 October, Ludendorff issued a memorandum to all Western Front divisions, complaining that

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flew through the barrage to observe the infantry advance and had five aircrew casualties. Aircraft of the army wing made reconnaissance flights over the German lines and shot down four German fighters, for one aircraft lost and one pilot wounded.

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a company managed to work around Peter Pan and capture the pillboxes, which allowed the advance to continue up to a field of barbed wire, 150 yd (140 m) from Bellevue. More wire had been spread around the pillboxes, which were part of

1439:

were being misused. Dispersal, poorly timed attacks, disorganisation and poor co-ordination with the artillery had led to high casualties. Ludendorff emphasised that the reserve units of ground holding divisions, should conduct hasty attacks

1930:

of the forest and drove back the Germans from several fortified farms and pillboxes. The average depth of the advance was 1.25 mi (2 km) and was accomplished in four hours, despite the ground conditions, with fewer than

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was being moved to the Second Army. Immediate exploitation, should the attack intended for 10 October succeed, was to be accomplished by each attacking division keeping its reserve brigade lightly equipped, accompanied by two

1812:

The German pillboxes were mostly untouched and a great amount of small-arms fire from them caused many British casualties from cross-fire and traversing fire. Positions dug into the ruins of Poelcappelle were used to fire in

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At another conference on 2 October, Haig announced that operations at Ypres would continue for as long as the weather permitted, that six fresh divisions were being moved from quiet fronts to the Fifth Army and that the

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had been sent to Flanders. By October 1917, many German divisions on the rest of the Western Front had been engaged in Flanders, some more than once; maintaining the pressure also constrained German operations on the

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which jeopardised the front and "mentally shocked" the survivors. With operations pending in Italy and an offensive expected from the French on the Aisne front, fresh divisions were not available for the 4th Army.

1918:, was to attack towards Houthulst Forest with the British XIV Corps attack on Poelcappelle. The French artillery subjected the German defences east and south-east of Houthulst Forest to a three-day bombardment. At 1847:

Fire from two German pillboxes stopped the advance and a German counter-attack began from the pillboxes. German infantry attacked in eight waves and the British engaged them with rifle and machine-gun fire. At

3481:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. II (Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed.). London: HMSO. 1839:

On the right, German machine guns at Olga Farm caused many casualties and a delay but the first objective was reached on time. The surviving troops advanced on Condé House by rushes from shell-holes and took

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and after four minutes began to creep forward at a rate of 100 yd (91 m) in eight minutes. Crossing the Broembeek was easier than expected, as the German infantry nearby surrendered readily.

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howitzer batteries and four field artillery brigades. If the infantry brigades conducting the morning attack reported a big success, their reserve brigades would continue the advance in the afternoon.

5932: 1922:

a creeping-barrage began to move very slowly forwards over a "sea" of mud. The artillery-fire was so effective, that despite an extremely slow infantry advance, the French objectives were reached by

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of the 48th (South Midland) Division at Adler Farm. Small groups were isolated further up the Bellevue slopes, on the western edge of Wolf Copse, Wolf Farm and a cemetery on the northern boundary.

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difficult to follow, because much of the field artillery was out of action, some of the rest fired inaccurately from unstable platforms and many high-explosive shells were smothered by the mud.

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infantry involved and led to many wounded being stranded on the battlefield. Early, misleading information and delays in communication led Plumer and Haig to plan the attack of 12 October (the

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during 9 October but II and V brigade aircrews, managed fifteen contact and seventeen counter-attack patrols at very low level. The progress of the attack was reported with some accuracy and

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accepted that the moment had passed. Gough ordered the Fifth Army to advance further and then cancelled the instruction, after a local German counter-attack was reported to have pushed the

5830: 1998:) Division. To counter-attack the II Anzac Corps, the 16th Division and 195th Division in the front line were supported by parts of the 20th Division and 45th Reserve Division. The 240th ( 1772:

by the machine guns in the Bellevue pillboxes and a field of uncut wire 25–40 yd (23–37 m) wide in front of the pillboxes, which obstructed all of the divisional front. At about

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was 1,650 yd (1,510 m) forward on the right and 2,500 yd (1.4 mi; 2.3 km) on the left. The attacking troops had moved up the night before in torrential rain, the

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of the Stroombeek and German riflemen and machine-gunners fired through the British barrage, particularly from Bellevue and the Yetta Slopes. Peter Pan on the left was captured by the

5909: 2180:(considerable) and that the ordeal "bore no relation to the advantage obtained". Calculations of German losses by Edmonds have been severely criticised ever since. In volume XIII of 5937: 4451: 4065:

The Evolution of the British Army's Logistical and Administrative Infrastructure and its Influence on GHQ's Operational and Strategic Decision-Making on the Western Front, 1914–1918

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was to cross the Broembeek and close up to Houthoulst Forest, on a front from the Ypres–Staden railway, to the junction with the French army near Craonne Farm. Before the attack

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the barrage for the advance to the third (final) objective began and smothered the remaining German infantry; German resistance collapsed and the final objective was reached at

6380: 6365: 6140: 5895: 311: 6135: 5825: 5776: 5691: 6375: 5979: 1742:

stopped by machine-gun fire. The attack on the Yetta Houses, was also raked by machine-gun fire and on the left stopped 100 yd (91 m) short of the objective.

765: 521: 1123:(BEF), believed that the 4th Army was close to collapse, due to the large number of Germans taken prisoner and encouraging intelligence gleaned from the battlefield. 827: 384: 5820: 5185: 3846:. Official History of New Zealand's Effort in the Great War. Vol. II (Online: New Zealand Electronic text Collection ed.). Auckland: Whitcombe and Tombs. 1768:

The 146th Brigade found a bridge on the Gravenstafel road and got forward several hundred yards up the Wallemolen spur beyond the Ravebeek, before being stopped at

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The slope .... was littered with dead, both theirs and ours.... Here I found about fifty men alive, of the Manchesters.... Some had been there four days already...

1051:) under the impression that a substantial advance had taken place at Passchendaele ridge when most of the captured ground had been lost to German counter-attacks. 3977: 5449: 4678: 2123:... some of the Manchesters were there yet, seven days wounded and not looked to.... Our men gave all their food and water away, but that was all they could do. 1701:, 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division on the right, advanced quickly on sandy going, despite lagging far behind the creeping barrage. German infantry from the 408: 2008:

near Polecappelle. The division moved forward on approach routes which were under an "enormous" weight of fire and managed to regain some captured ground. At

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units should not be used to reinforce ground-holding divisions for hasty counter-attacks but were to be used only for properly organised counter-attacks (

4479: 4199: 3595:. Document (United States. War Department) number 905. Washington D.C.: United States Army, American Expeditionary Forces, Intelligence Section. 1920. 4809: 4204: 1120: 748: 4461: 2032: 5479: 5195: 5097: 1723:

Map showing wet areas near Passchendaele village – blue shading marks waterlogging near Passchendaele, which began with the rains of early October.

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of Passchendaele. A reserve division of each corps was to be ready behind the front, which the Director-General of Transportation, Major-General

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On Passchendaele Ridge and the Wallemolen Spur, inadequate artillery support, the German pillboxes and extensive uncut barbed wire of the

1804:

In the XVIII Corps area, a brigade each of the 48th (South Midland) Division and 11th (Northern) Division, took 14½ hours on the night of

1765:. More German machine guns had been hidden in shell-holes and after several attempts to advance, the troops dug in half-way up the slope. 1668:

was to cover the right flank of the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division south of the Ypres–Roulers railway, by pivoting to its right. The

6186: 4931: 4436: 1273: 6171: 5461: 4870: 613: 297: 5556: 4616: 6046: 5740: 4835: 4306: 4073: 3568: 566: 442: 5298: 5233: 4271: 3837: 2147: 1864: 982: 4969: 684: 6297: 6102: 6082: 5869: 5805: 5628: 5497: 4408: 4328: 4266: 1711: 1039:. The battle marked the end of the string of highly successful British attacks in late September and early October, during the 5771: 5145: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6077: 4423: 4398: 4296: 1911: 1827: 1629: 1108: 437: 391: 3499:

Der Weltkrieg 1914 bis 1918: Militärischen Operationen zu Lande Dreizehnter Band, Die Kriegführung im Sommer und Herbst 1917

6130: 6072: 6067: 6031: 5965: 5857: 5703: 5293: 4683: 4611: 4542: 4311: 4281: 4276: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2203: 1718: 1637: 1625: 1482: 1384: 1368: 1364: 1336: 1048: 706: 630: 447: 425: 6395: 6021: 5648: 5588: 5485: 5390: 5160: 4946: 4650: 4489: 4388: 1332: 1157: 1024: 805: 635: 5263: 957: 6259: 5696: 5681: 5539: 5491: 4814: 4688: 4601: 4365: 4353: 4348: 2005: 1831: 1352: 1289: 1250:

Rain fell again on 4 October, continued on 5 and 6 October then became a downpour on 7 October. On 5 October, General

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by the heavy artillery, although German accounts mention "heavy", "indescribably heavy" and "drumfire" bombardments.

1397:

held Houthoulst Forest. The Germans were also hampered by the weather but as their positions were on the edge of the

647: 1702: 1628:

attacked astride the Reutelbeek, advanced past Cameron Covert and was then stopped by German machine-gun fire. (The

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McRandle, J.; Quirk, J. (2006). "The Blood Test Revisited: A New Look at German Casualty Counts in World War I".

3504:

The World War 1914 to 1918 Military Land Operations Volume Thirteen, The Warfare in the Summer and Autumn of 1917

1943:

by a local counter-attack. On the left flank of the Franco-British offensive, the attack was a complete success.

1705:

were found in shell holes and many were taken prisoner as the British reached the final objective (blue line) at

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Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-one Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914–1918)

1644:

to the blue line, which had been the final objective of the 21st Division in the attack of 4 October. Within

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Order of Battle – France and Flanders 1917, Battle # 98 – Order of Battle for the Battle of Poelcappelle

3479:

Military Operations France and Belgium 1917: 7 June–10 November Messines and Third Ypres (Passchendaele)

2319: 1357:

Opposite I Anzac Corps the 233rd Division held the line, with the 220th Division as its counter-attack (

1100: 1040: 962: 937: 795: 677: 581: 472: 415: 342: 213: 206: 4936: 4063: 4037: 3675:. Vol. IV (Imperial War Museum and Naval & Military Press ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. 3647:. Vol. II (Imperial War Museum and Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Clarendon Press. 3497: 2174:, the British official historian, quoted from the German Official History that German losses were very 1194:

Army and a tank brigade to the Fifth Army to exploit the firmer going, should the advances take place.

1297:

of three hundred and twelve 18-pounder guns in groups, one for each division, the Guards group having

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The German pillboxes at Bellevue were able to fire on the 198th Brigade, because the attack by the

1064:

It was important that the British kept the initiative; an attack was being prepared by the British

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The War in the Air, Being the Story of the Part Played in the Great War by the Royal Air Force

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of the 7th Division managed to assemble on time, despite the sodden ground and advanced at

1464:

were to avoid casualties, unless lost ground was tactically important enough to recapture.

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A Storm in Flanders: The Ypres Salient, 1914–1918 Tragedy and Triumph on the Western Front

2253: 2019:, the German Official History, considered that the battle was a costly defensive success. 1131: 1036: 995: 667: 47: 3933: 3590: 6009: 5989: 5660: 5373: 5218: 5009: 4900: 4756: 4660: 4643: 3797: 3547: 1856:

The left brigade advanced to the right of Bear Copse, which was specially bombarded by

1682: 1169: 1153: 738: 608: 492: 487: 229: 150: 6349: 6120: 5408: 5402: 4845: 4762: 4673: 4021: 3866: 3716: 3670: 3642: 3616: 2223: 2219: 1857: 1363:) division. To the north against II Anzac Corps, were the 195th Division and part of 1255: 620: 462: 217: 85: 17: 1782:

Ravebeek, to Peter Pan and Yetta Houses, then on to the XVIII Corps boundary of the

55: 5570: 5004: 3381: 1992:

The 233rd Division, opposite I Anzac Corps, did not need the support of the 220th (

1145: 1112: 233: 81: 3385: 2338:, 195th Division, 227th Division, 233rd Division and 240th Division in the battle. 1956:

Message map showing troop dispositions around Broodseinde at 6:00 a.m., 10 October

4126:

Londoners on the Western Front: The 58th (2/1st London) Division in the Great War

5781: 5686: 5384: 4819: 4240: 3871:

The Road to Passchendaele: The Flanders Offensive 1917, A Study in Inevitability

3672:

The War in the Air Being the Part Played in the Great War by the Royal Air Force

1879:

and the morning dawned fine with a drying wind. The barrage came down prompt at

1398: 1186: 4099: 3843:

The New Zealand Division 1916–1919: A Popular History Based on Official Records

2154:

In 2014, Robert Perry wrote that Second Army casualties in the attack had been

1281:

pieces in the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division, one field brigade only got

4193: 4109: 4047: 4013: 3851: 3626: 3600: 3511: 3425: 2305:

A gun was "in action", when it was able to open fire on S.O.S. lines and had

1799:

Manhandling an 18-pounder field gun through mud (Langemarck, 16 October 1917)

107: 94: 5576: 5343: 3761:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner. 164: 3506:] (in German). Vol. XIII (online scan ed.). Berlin: Mittler. 1285:

into action and the other was unable to fire until after the attack began.

4005: 3943: 3575:. Vol. I (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: John Murray. 289: 5836: 1814: 1378: 4164:

Directing Operations: British Corps Command on the Western Front 1914–18

2296:

the existence of the meeting was questioned in 1996 by Prior and Wilson.

3911:. Vol. II (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: J. Lane. 3530:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Thos Nelson & Sons. 2318:

The US Army Intelligence Department listed nine German Divisions, the

3778:

To Play a Giant's Part: The Role of the British Army at Passchendaele

1939: 1938:

Despite rain, low cloud and high winds, French airmen had flown low,

1907: 3394:. Vol. IV (11th ed.). Canberra: Australian War Memorial. 6004: 2031: 1971:

calls were made against German artillery and parties of infantry,

1950: 1894: 1793: 1717: 1507: 1308: 1266:

British front line and the German defences east of Ypres, mid-1917

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was fought in Flanders, Belgium, on 9 October 1917 by the British

2361:

From 30 January 1916, each British army had a Royal Flying Corps

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back the German line up to 2,500 yd (2,300 m) and

3892:(Greenwood Press, NY ed.). London: Faber & Faber. 3015: 3013: 3011: 1301:; the medium and heavy artillery being grouped similarly. 1218:

Allied forces and objectives at the Battle of Poelcappelle

3573:

History of the Guards Division in the Great War 1915–1918

3132: 3130: 3128: 2896: 2894: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2659: 1689:

that some battalions would not be ready for zero hour at

4068:(Thesis). King's College London (University of London). 2842: 2840: 2439: 2437: 4128:(illus. ed.). Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military. 2037:

Front line after Battle of Poelcappelle, 9 October 1917

1979:

neutralisation. Over the XIV Corps area, aircraft from

3938:. Vol. XVI (online ed.). London. 1914–1921. 3740:

The Third Ypres: Passchendaele, the Day-By-Day Account

2803: 2801: 2646: 2644: 2158:

the 2nd Australian Division (I Anzac Corps) and about

1486: 3699:

Passchendaele in Perspective: The 3rd Battle of Ypres

3392:

Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918

1975:

artillery batteries were engaged for destruction and

1636:, was not part of the attack.) Two battalions of the 1383:

divisions; further north was the 227th Division. The

3528:

The Story of 29th Division A Record of Gallant Deeds

6371:

Battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom

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If Germany Attacks: The Battle in Depth in the West

2347:"Zones" were based on lettered squares of the army 2100:in the 66th, 49th and 2nd Australian divisions and 2004:) Division was sent forward at noon to support the 1910:and the Yser inundations. On 9 October, the French 1353:

4th Army defensive changes: September–November 1917

1314:

The army level artillery barrage map for the battle

4039:British Intelligence and the German Army 1914–1918 4000:(3) (July 2006 ed.). Lexington, Va: 667–701. 3796: 3546: 3459:(Pen & Sword ed.). London: Peter Nevill. 2137:found wounded of the 49th (West Riding) Division, 3909:The West Yorkshire Regiment in the War, 1914–1918 3521:– via Oberösterreichische Landesbibliothek. 2292:At a meeting described by the Official Historian 2186:(1942), the German official historians recorded 1652:In the I Anzac Corps area north of X Corps, the 5186:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers 2400: 2194:for the ten-day reporting period 1–10 October. 2166:in the 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division and 2139: 2121: 2107: 1403: 36: 6391:Battle honours of the King's Royal Rifle Corps 1900:French zone; Merckem peninsula, Flanders, 1917 4225: 3759:The West Riding Territorials in the Great War 3387:The Australian Imperial Force in France, 1917 3304: 1189:, undertook to have on the battlefield in 3½– 529: 305: 284:1–10 October: 35,000 including 13,000 missing 8: 3723:(Penguin ed.). London: Michael Joseph. 2181: 2175: 2074: 2043: 2014: 1999: 1993: 1760: 1749:was alerted and put on one hour's notice by 1459: 1453: 1447: 1441: 1434: 1427: 1421: 1388: 1376: 1358: 1231: 1225: 1085: 4145:The 48th (South Midland) Division 1908–1919 3047: 2732: 2611: 2536: 2512: 2488: 6381:Battles of World War I involving Australia 6366:Battles of the Western Front (World War I) 6052: 5761: 5666: 5606: 4722: 4530: 4324: 4232: 4218: 4210: 4200:The Ypres Salient – Battle of Poelcappelle 536: 522: 514: 312: 298: 290: 33: 3244: 3031: 3019: 2352:corrections of aim from the air observer. 1209:The British set-piece attack in late 1917 1080:in April and the forthcoming attack (the 6376:Battles of World War I involving Germany 5468:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary 3780:. Uckfield: Naval & Military Press. 3328: 3316: 3220: 3184: 2768: 2744: 2720: 2388: 265:7 divisions, plus 6 divisions in reserve 5845:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration 3976:CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3340: 3280: 3232: 3196: 3172: 3160: 3136: 3119: 3107: 3002: 2987: 2951: 2927: 2912: 2900: 2831: 2819: 2792: 2756: 2705: 2681: 2669: 2623: 2596: 2572: 2560: 2548: 2524: 2500: 2484: 2472: 2460: 2443: 2424: 2412: 2381: 2283:the war after July 1916 and April 1917. 2275: 1446:) to push attackers out of their area. 4194:A brief description of the main attack 3966: 3956: 3208: 3083: 3043: 2975: 2963: 2939: 2873: 2861: 2846: 1615:In the X Corps area to the south, the 5798:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia 5141:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele) 3437:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 3433:Bourne, J. M.; Sheffield, G. (2005). 3292: 3148: 3095: 3071: 3059: 2693: 2635: 2428: 1681:The main attack was conducted by the 1323:On the southern flank of the attack, 1076:in the French Army stemming from the 7: 6202:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne 3615:Hussey, A. H.; Inman, D. S. (1921). 3553:. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press. 3268: 3256: 2885: 2807: 2780: 2650: 2584: 2170:in the 49th (West Riding) Division. 2128:Lieutenant W. G. Fisher (13 October) 2096:from 1 to 10 October. Edmonds noted 6386:Battle honours of the Rifle Brigade 6131:Ottomans against the Triple Entente 4932:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes 4147:(hbk. ed.). Solihull: Helion. 3742:. London: Arms & Armour Press. 3621:(online ed.). London: Nisbet. 3618:The Fifth Division in the Great War 2052:shells by the medium artillery and 1274:66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division 4871:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes 2069:soldiers had been taken prisoner. 1826:north, the final objective of the 1277:its highest. Instead of the usual 25: 4188:A brief description of the battle 4101:Tanks in the Great War, 1914–1918 3496:Foerster, Wolfgang, ed. (1956) . 2365:attached, which was divided into 1420:British artillery to protect the 5234:Second Battle of the Piave River 4856:Russian invasion of East Prussia 3820:The German Army at Passchendaele 212: 199: 185: 171: 157: 143: 54: 6298:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo 5498:Lithuanian Wars of Independence 3994:The Journal of Military History 3799:Passchendaele: The Untold Story 1103:on 4 October, the first of the 27:October 1917 World War I battle 6121:Austria-Hungary against Serbia 5980:Deportations from East Prussia 5777:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia 3795:Prior, R.; Wilson, T. (1996). 3364:The Seventh Division 1914–1918 2119:The next day he reported that 1: 6032:Ukrainian Canadian internment 3701:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword. 3435:Haig: War Diaries and Letters 3418:Sir Douglas Haig's Despatches 2204:First Battle of Passchendaele 1483:Action on the Polderhoek Spur 1337:48th (South Midland) Division 1335:with a brigade each from the 1049:First Battle of Passchendaele 60:Street corner in Poelcappelle 6187:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement 5486:Estonian War of Independence 5161:Southern Palestine offensive 3935:The Times History of the War 3721:They Called it Passchendaele 2626:, pp. 323–325, 330–337. 6141:USA against Austria-Hungary 5540:Turkish War of Independence 5492:Latvian War of Independence 5224:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918 4815:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo 2401:Bourne & Sheffield 2005 1290:49th (West Riding) Division 1121:British Expeditionary Force 1006:Western Front tactics, 1917 6412: 6224:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk 5772:1899–1923 cholera pandemic 5239:Second Battle of the Marne 5126:Second battle of the Aisne 4995:Second Battle of Champagne 4836:German invasion of Belgium 4143:Mitchinson, K. W. (2017). 4104:. New York: E. P. Dutton. 4042:(PhD). London University. 2201: 1476: 1458:). As far as possible the 1393:near Poelcappelle and the 1350: 1206: 1141:On 28 September, Haig met 6330: 6005:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo) 5534:Irish War of Independence 5284:Armistice of Villa Giusti 5269:Battle of Vittorio Veneto 4881:First Battle of the Marne 4247: 4196:– Australian War Memorial 4190:– Australian War Memorial 4098:Fuller, J. F. C. (1920). 3822:. London: Pen and Sword. 3803:. Yale University Press. 3457:Haig: Master of the Field 3416:Boraston, J. H. (1920) . 3362:Atkinson, C. T. (2009) . 3305:McRandle & Quirk 2006 3235:, pp. 345, 334, 337. 2427:, pp. 325–326, 316; 2054:153,000 to 119,000 shells 1331:On the Fifth Army front, 553: 503:The Menin Road (painting) 331: 269: 256: 223: 135: 64: 53: 41: 6157:Constantinople Agreement 5450:Armenian–Azerbaijani War 5313:Co-belligerent conflicts 5289:Second Romanian campaign 5259:Third Transjordan attack 4970:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive 4876:Battle of Grand Couronné 3283:, pp. 279–280, 293. 1664:returned unwounded. The 1341:11th (Northern) Division 1136:Ypres area, Autumn, 1917 409:30 September – 4 October 6220:Modus vivendi of Acroma 6172:Bulgaria–Germany treaty 5480:Greater Poland Uprising 5380:National Protection War 5264:Meuse–Argonne offensive 5214:German spring offensive 5209:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 4985:Siege of Novogeorgievsk 4960:Second Battle of Artois 4841:Battle of the Frontiers 3669:Jones, H. A. (2002a) . 3048:Prior & Wilson 1996 2733:Hussey & Inman 1921 2612:Prior & Wilson 1996 2537:Prior & Wilson 1996 2513:Prior & Wilson 1996 2489:Prior & Wilson 1996 2162:in the II Anzac Corps, 2114:Lieutenant W. G. Fisher 1666:2nd Australian Division 1654:1st Australian Division 1406:extracted from the bog. 1233:Flandern III Stellungen 1072:for late November. The 894:German spring offensive 323:Flanders Offensive 1917 275:9 October: Second Army: 44:Battle of Passchendaele 6245:Paris Peace Conference 6233:Ukraine–Central Powers 6027:Massacres of Albanians 5995:Late Ottoman genocides 5802:Bulgarian occupations 5510:Third Anglo-Afghan War 5474:Hungarian–Romanian War 5299:Naval Victory Bulletin 5294:Armistice with Germany 5244:Hundred Days Offensive 5171:Battle of La Malmaison 5121:Second battle of Arras 5088:Battle of Transylvania 4942:Second Battle of Ypres 4810:Sarajevo assassination 4699:South African Republic 4166:. Stroud: Spellmount. 4162:Simpson, Andy (2006). 3888:Wynne, G. C. (1976) . 3873:. London: Leo Cooper. 3641:Jones, H. A. (2002) . 2182: 2176: 2152: 2131: 2117: 2075: 2044: 2039: 2015: 2000: 1994: 1958: 1902: 1844:when they reached it. 1832:Newfoundland Battalion 1801: 1761: 1725: 1697:The battalions of the 1675:5th Australian Brigade 1670:6th Australian Brigade 1632:, between the 5th and 1479:Mystery of Celtic Wood 1460: 1454: 1448: 1442: 1435: 1428: 1426:as they advanced. The 1422: 1417: 1389: 1377: 1373:45th Reserve Divisions 1359: 1316: 1288:The field guns of the 1268: 1232: 1226: 1220: 1138: 1086: 1082:Battle of La Malmaison 1021:Battle of Poelcappelle 352:Battles of Ypres, 1917 279:II Anzac Corps: ~5,700 247:Crown Prince Rupprecht 224:Commanders and leaders 37:Battle of Poelcappelle 6255:Treaty of St. Germain 6228:Russia–Central Powers 6182:Sykes–Picot Agreement 6010:Pontic Greek genocide 5985:Destruction of Kalisz 5961:Eastern Mediterranean 5522:Polish–Lithuanian War 5304:Armistice of Belgrade 5274:Armistice of Salonica 5204:Operation Faustschlag 5151:Third Battle of Oituz 5073:Baranovichi offensive 5041:Lake Naroch offensive 5015:Battle of Robat Karim 4990:Vistula–Bug offensive 4965:Battles of the Isonzo 4896:First Battle of Ypres 4062:Brown, I. M. (1996). 4006:10.1353/jmh.2006.0180 3776:Perry, R. A. (2014). 3738:McCarthy, C. (1995). 2320:4th Bavarian Division 2198:Subsequent operations 2092:The 7th Division had 2035: 2006:6th Bavarian Division 1954: 1926:with few casualties. 1898: 1797: 1721: 1660:and only fourteen of 1312: 1264: 1216: 1134: 1127:Tactical developments 1101:Battle of Broodseinde 1041:Third Battle of Ypres 343:Capture of Wytschaete 270:Casualties and losses 18:Battle of Poelcapelle 6250:Treaty of Versailles 5966:Mount Lebanon famine 5881:in the United States 5849:Russian occupations 5563:Turkish–Armenian War 5504:Polish–Ukrainian War 5444:Ukrainian–Soviet War 5391:Central Asian Revolt 5181:Armistice of Focșani 4911:Battle of Sarikamish 4861:Battle of Tannenberg 4257:Military engagements 3907:Wyrall, E. (2002) . 3818:Sheldon, J. (2007). 3757:Magnus, L. (2004) . 3526:Gillon, S. (2002) . 3046:, pp. 203–204; 2834:, pp. 332, 334. 2599:, pp. 323, 327. 2244:Lancashire Fusiliers 2135:New Zealand Division 1203:British preparations 1107:of the German Army, 1060:Strategic background 1001:French Army mutinies 996:1914 Christmas truce 766:Hohenzollern Redoubt 493:Nieuport, 10–11 July 468:Hooge in World War I 277:I Anzac Corps: 1,253 6396:October 1917 events 6317:They shall not pass 6240:Treaty of Bucharest 6197:Treaty of Bucharest 6136:USA against Germany 6113:Declarations of war 5817:German occupations 5730:British casualties 5589:Soviet–Georgian War 5516:Egyptian Revolution 5456:Armeno-Georgian War 5320:Somaliland campaign 5279:Armistice of Mudros 5156:Battle of Caporetto 5146:Battle of Mărășești 5116:Zimmermann telegram 5111:February Revolution 5056:Battle of the Somme 4980:Bug-Narew Offensive 4955:Battle of Gallipoli 4947:Sinking of the RMS 4739:Scramble for Africa 4733:Franco-Prussian War 4389:Sinai and Palestine 4124:Martin, D. (2014). 3697:Liddle, P. (1997). 3307:, pp. 667–701. 3259:, pp. 906–907. 3199:, pp. 241–243. 3175:, pp. 228–229. 3163:, pp. 208–226. 3151:, pp. 241–243. 3122:, pp. 214–215. 3098:, pp. 147–148. 3086:, pp. 204–205. 3074:, pp. 175–176. 3034:, pp. 122–123. 3005:, pp. 271–276. 2978:, pp. 141–142. 2966:, pp. 139–140. 2954:, pp. 335–336. 2942:, pp. 130–131. 2930:, pp. 334–335. 2876:, pp. 126–130. 2864:, pp. 122–124. 2771:, pp. 419–420. 2723:, pp. 112–113. 2708:, pp. 226–227. 2563:, pp. 327–328. 2527:, pp. 327–329. 2475:, pp. 315–317. 2463:, pp. 297–298. 2045:Flandern I Stellung 1762:Flandern I Stellung 1495: 1390:Flandern I Stellung 1347:German preparations 1031:against the German 990:Associated articles 707:Hartmannswillerkopf 567:Invasion of Belgium 457:Associated articles 104: / 6277:Treaty of Lausanne 6192:Paris Economy Pact 6126:UK against Germany 6056:Entry into the war 6022:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan) 5741:Ottoman casualties 5551:Franco-Turkish War 5431:Post-War conflicts 5415:Russian Revolution 5397:Invasion of Darfur 5362:Kelantan rebellion 5350:Kurdish rebellions 5326:Mexican Revolution 5166:October Revolution 5131:Kerensky offensive 5106:Capture of Baghdad 5083:Monastir offensive 5068:Brusilov offensive 4906:Battle of Kolubara 4745:Russo-Japanese War 4036:Beach, J. (2005). 3545:Groom, W. (2002). 2188:35,000 casualties, 2076:Eingreifdivisionen 2050:510,000 to 350,000 2040: 1959: 1903: 1802: 1726: 1487: 1461:Eingreifdivisionen 1436:Eingreifdivisionen 1429:Eingreifdivisionen 1423:Eingreifdivisionen 1317: 1269: 1221: 1139: 1117:Commander-in-Chief 1087:Eingreifdivisionen 281:Fifth Army: ~4,500 6356:Conflicts in 1917 6343: 6342: 6326: 6325: 6310:The Golden Virgin 6304:Mutilated victory 6285: 6284: 6265:Treaty of Trianon 6260:Treaty of Neuilly 6167:Damascus Protocol 6040: 6039: 6000:Armenian genocide 5957:Allied blockades 5929:Belgian refugees 5712: 5711: 5622:Strategic bombing 5598: 5597: 5583:Franco-Syrian War 5557:Greco-Turkish War 5545:Anglo-Turkish War 5528:Polish–Soviet War 5462:German Revolution 5438:Russian Civil War 5421:Finnish Civil War 5254:Battle of Megiddo 5229:Battle of Goychay 5176:Battle of Cambrai 5136:Battle of Mărăști 5051:Battle of Jutland 5031:Erzurum offensive 4886:Siege of Przemyśl 4866:Siege of Tsingtao 4851:Battle of Galicia 4781:Second Balkan War 4769:Italo-Turkish War 4726:Pre-War conflicts 4712: 4711: 4602:Portuguese Empire 4518: 4517: 4480:German New Guinea 4462:Asian and Pacific 4173:978-1-86227-292-7 4154:978-1-911512-54-7 4135:978-1-78159-180-2 3959:cite encyclopedia 3918:978-1-84342-210-5 3899:978-0-8371-5029-1 3880:978-0-436-51732-7 3829:978-1-84415-564-4 3810:978-0-300-06692-0 3787:978-1-78331-146-0 3768:978-1-84574-077-1 3749:978-1-85409-217-5 3730:978-0-14-016509-8 3708:978-0-85052-588-5 3682:978-1-84342-415-4 3654:978-1-84342-413-0 3582:978-1-84342-124-5 3560:978-0-87113-842-2 3537:978-1-84342-265-5 3488:978-0-89839-166-4 3466:978-1-84884-362-2 3444:978-0-297-84702-1 3401:978-0-7022-1710-4 3373:978-1-84342-119-1 2102:10,973 casualties 1779:2,500 casualties. 1613: 1612: 1494: 1078:Nivelle Offensive 1014: 1013: 840:Nivelle offensive 614:Trouée de Charmes 511: 510: 438:2nd Passchendaele 426:1st Passchendaele 385:Gheluvelt Plateau 288: 287: 238:François Anthoine 131: 130: 16:(Redirected from 6403: 6270:Treaty of Sèvres 6162:Treaty of London 6053: 5831:Northeast France 5762: 5734:Parliamentarians 5667: 5629:Chemical weapons 5607: 5368:Senussi campaign 5338:Muscat rebellion 5332:Maritz rebellion 5249:Vardar offensive 5078:Battle of Romani 5046:Battle of Asiago 5036:Battle of Verdun 5000:Kosovo offensive 4775:First Balkan War 4723: 4622:Russian Republic 4531: 4325: 4267:Economic history 4234: 4227: 4220: 4211: 4177: 4158: 4139: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4058: 4056: 4054: 4025: 3981: 3974: 3968: 3964: 3962: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3922: 3903: 3884: 3862: 3860: 3858: 3833: 3814: 3802: 3791: 3772: 3753: 3734: 3712: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3637: 3635: 3633: 3611: 3609: 3607: 3586: 3564: 3552: 3541: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3492: 3470: 3448: 3429: 3420:. London: Dent. 3412: 3410: 3408: 3377: 3344: 3338: 3332: 3326: 3320: 3314: 3308: 3302: 3296: 3290: 3284: 3278: 3272: 3266: 3260: 3254: 3248: 3242: 3236: 3230: 3224: 3218: 3212: 3206: 3200: 3194: 3188: 3182: 3176: 3170: 3164: 3158: 3152: 3146: 3140: 3134: 3123: 3117: 3111: 3105: 3099: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3075: 3069: 3063: 3057: 3051: 3041: 3035: 3029: 3023: 3017: 3006: 3000: 2991: 2985: 2979: 2973: 2967: 2961: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2916: 2910: 2904: 2898: 2889: 2883: 2877: 2871: 2865: 2859: 2850: 2844: 2835: 2829: 2823: 2817: 2811: 2805: 2796: 2790: 2784: 2778: 2772: 2766: 2760: 2754: 2748: 2742: 2736: 2730: 2724: 2718: 2709: 2703: 2697: 2691: 2685: 2679: 2673: 2667: 2654: 2648: 2639: 2633: 2627: 2621: 2615: 2609: 2600: 2594: 2588: 2582: 2576: 2570: 2564: 2558: 2552: 2546: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2522: 2516: 2510: 2504: 2498: 2492: 2482: 2476: 2470: 2464: 2458: 2447: 2441: 2432: 2422: 2416: 2410: 2404: 2398: 2392: 2386: 2370: 2359: 2353: 2350: 2345: 2339: 2316: 2310: 2308: 2303: 2297: 2290: 2284: 2280: 2264:Grenadier Guards 2230:Frederick Dancox 2193: 2189: 2185: 2179: 2169: 2168:2,585 casualties 2165: 2161: 2157: 2150: 2129: 2115: 2103: 2099: 2098:6,957 casualties 2095: 2094:3,877 casualties 2082: 2078: 2068: 2063: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2018: 2011: 2003: 1997: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1965: 1937: 1933: 1925: 1921: 1882: 1878: 1873: 1870: 1855: 1851: 1843: 1838: 1807: 1780: 1775: 1771: 1764: 1757: 1752: 1740: 1708: 1692: 1688: 1663: 1647: 1643: 1496: 1493:3–9 October 1917 1492: 1463: 1457: 1451: 1445: 1438: 1431: 1425: 1415: 1392: 1382: 1362: 1300: 1296: 1284: 1280: 1252:William Birdwood 1247: 1239: 1235: 1229: 1192: 1180: 1176: 1119:(C-in-C) of the 1089: 953:St Quentin Canal 548: 538: 531: 524: 515: 326: 324: 314: 307: 300: 291: 243:Erich Ludendorff 216: 209: 205: 203: 202: 191: 189: 188: 181: 177: 175: 174: 163: 161: 160: 149: 147: 146: 119: 118: 116: 115: 114: 109: 108:50.922°N 2.963°E 105: 102: 101: 100: 97: 66: 65: 58: 34: 21: 6411: 6410: 6406: 6405: 6404: 6402: 6401: 6400: 6361:1917 in Belgium 6346: 6345: 6344: 6339: 6322: 6281: 6213: 6206: 6177:Treaty of Darin 6145: 6107: 6063:Austria-Hungary 6049: 6036: 6017:Rape of Belgium 5944: 5916: 5864: 5858:Western Armenia 5853:Eastern Galicia 5786: 5760: 5724: 5723:Civilian impact 5722: 5708: 5665: 5594: 5426: 5356:Ovambo Uprising 5308: 5190: 5092: 5019: 4937:Battle of Łomża 4920: 4916:Christmas truce 4891:Race to the Sea 4824: 4786: 4708: 4679:Austria-Hungary 4655: 4590:Empire of Japan 4527: 4525: 4514: 4498:U-boat campaign 4484: 4456: 4418: 4370: 4316: 4297:Popular culture 4243: 4238: 4184: 4174: 4161: 4155: 4142: 4136: 4123: 4114: 4112: 4097: 4094: 4092:Further reading 4089: 4080: 4078: 4076: 4061: 4052: 4050: 4035: 3991: 3975: 3965: 3955: 3948: 3946: 3932: 3919: 3906: 3900: 3887: 3881: 3865: 3856: 3854: 3836: 3830: 3817: 3811: 3794: 3788: 3775: 3769: 3756: 3750: 3737: 3731: 3715: 3709: 3696: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3668: 3659: 3657: 3655: 3640: 3631: 3629: 3614: 3605: 3603: 3589: 3583: 3567: 3561: 3544: 3538: 3525: 3516: 3514: 3495: 3489: 3473: 3467: 3453:Davidson, J. H. 3451: 3445: 3432: 3415: 3406: 3404: 3402: 3380: 3374: 3361: 3352: 3347: 3339: 3335: 3327: 3323: 3315: 3311: 3303: 3299: 3291: 3287: 3279: 3275: 3267: 3263: 3255: 3251: 3243: 3239: 3231: 3227: 3219: 3215: 3207: 3203: 3195: 3191: 3183: 3179: 3171: 3167: 3159: 3155: 3147: 3143: 3135: 3126: 3118: 3114: 3106: 3102: 3094: 3090: 3082: 3078: 3070: 3066: 3058: 3054: 3042: 3038: 3030: 3026: 3018: 3009: 3001: 2994: 2986: 2982: 2974: 2970: 2962: 2958: 2950: 2946: 2938: 2934: 2926: 2919: 2911: 2907: 2899: 2892: 2884: 2880: 2872: 2868: 2860: 2853: 2845: 2838: 2830: 2826: 2818: 2814: 2806: 2799: 2791: 2787: 2779: 2775: 2767: 2763: 2755: 2751: 2743: 2739: 2731: 2727: 2719: 2712: 2704: 2700: 2692: 2688: 2680: 2676: 2668: 2657: 2649: 2642: 2634: 2630: 2622: 2618: 2610: 2603: 2595: 2591: 2583: 2579: 2571: 2567: 2559: 2555: 2547: 2543: 2535: 2531: 2523: 2519: 2511: 2507: 2499: 2495: 2487:, p. 325; 2483: 2479: 2471: 2467: 2459: 2450: 2442: 2435: 2423: 2419: 2411: 2407: 2399: 2395: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2374: 2373: 2360: 2356: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2317: 2313: 2309:rounds at hand. 2306: 2304: 2300: 2291: 2287: 2281: 2277: 2272: 2258:Lance-Sergeant 2254:Royal Fusiliers 2215: 2206: 2200: 2191: 2187: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2145: 2130: 2127: 2116: 2113: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2090: 2081:to 159,000 men, 2080: 2066: 2061: 2053: 2049: 2038: 2030: 2025: 2009: 1990: 1988:German 4th Army 1976: 1972: 1968: 1963: 1957: 1949: 1935: 1932:500 casualties; 1931: 1923: 1919: 1901: 1893: 1880: 1876: 1872:180 footbridges 1871: 1868: 1865:Guards Division 1853: 1849: 1841: 1836: 1805: 1800: 1792: 1778: 1773: 1769: 1755: 1750: 1738: 1724: 1706: 1690: 1686: 1661: 1645: 1641: 1503: 1491: 1485: 1475: 1470: 1416: 1410: 1355: 1349: 1315: 1307: 1298: 1294: 1282: 1278: 1267: 1254:, commander of 1245: 1237: 1219: 1211: 1205: 1200: 1190: 1178: 1177:batteries, two 1174: 1137: 1129: 1062: 1057: 1037:First World War 1017: 1016: 1015: 1010: 987: 791:Vimy Ridge 1916 668:Race to the Sea 636:1st St. Quentin 558: 549: 544: 542: 512: 507: 454: 448:Polderhoek Spur 349: 327: 322: 320: 318: 280: 278: 276: 249: 245: 236: 232: 200: 198: 197: 186: 184: 172: 170: 169: 158: 156: 144: 142: 112: 110: 106: 103: 98: 95: 93: 91: 90: 89: 59: 48:First World War 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6409: 6407: 6399: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6348: 6347: 6341: 6340: 6338: 6337: 6331: 6328: 6327: 6324: 6323: 6321: 6320: 6313: 6306: 6301: 6293: 6291: 6287: 6286: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6279: 6274: 6273: 6272: 6267: 6262: 6257: 6252: 6242: 6237: 6236: 6235: 6230: 6222: 6216: 6214: 6212:Peace treaties 6211: 6208: 6207: 6205: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6153: 6151: 6147: 6146: 6144: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6117: 6115: 6109: 6108: 6106: 6105: 6100: 6098:United Kingdom 6095: 6090: 6088:Ottoman Empire 6085: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6059: 6057: 6050: 6045: 6042: 6041: 6038: 6037: 6035: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6013: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5992: 5990:Sack of Dinant 5987: 5982: 5977: 5976: 5975: 5970: 5969: 5968: 5954: 5952: 5946: 5945: 5943: 5942: 5941: 5940: 5938:United Kingdom 5935: 5926: 5924: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5914: 5913: 5912: 5907: 5898: 5892:POW locations 5890: 5885: 5884: 5883: 5874: 5872: 5866: 5865: 5863: 5862: 5861: 5860: 5855: 5847: 5842: 5841: 5840: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5815: 5814: 5813: 5808: 5800: 5794: 5792: 5788: 5787: 5785: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5768: 5766: 5759: 5758: 5757: 5756: 5751: 5743: 5738: 5737: 5736: 5727: 5725: 5717: 5714: 5713: 5710: 5709: 5707: 5706: 5701: 5700: 5699: 5692:United Kingdom 5689: 5687:Ottoman Empire 5684: 5679: 5673: 5671: 5664: 5663: 5661:Trench warfare 5658: 5657: 5656: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5625: 5624: 5613: 5611: 5604: 5600: 5599: 5596: 5595: 5593: 5592: 5586: 5580: 5574: 5568: 5567: 5566: 5560: 5554: 5548: 5537: 5531: 5525: 5519: 5513: 5507: 5501: 5495: 5489: 5483: 5477: 5471: 5465: 5459: 5453: 5447: 5441: 5434: 5432: 5428: 5427: 5425: 5424: 5418: 5412: 5406: 5400: 5394: 5388: 5382: 5377: 5374:Volta-Bani War 5371: 5365: 5359: 5353: 5347: 5341: 5335: 5329: 5323: 5316: 5314: 5310: 5309: 5307: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5219:Zeebrugge Raid 5216: 5211: 5206: 5200: 5198: 5192: 5191: 5189: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5102: 5100: 5094: 5093: 5091: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5064: 5063: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5027: 5025: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5017: 5012: 5010:Battle of Loos 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4928: 4926: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4901:Black Sea raid 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4832: 4830: 4826: 4825: 4823: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4806: 4805: 4803:Historiography 4794: 4792: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4784: 4778: 4772: 4766: 4760: 4757:Bosnian Crisis 4754: 4751:Tangier Crisis 4748: 4742: 4736: 4729: 4727: 4720: 4714: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4707: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4684:Ottoman Empire 4681: 4676: 4671: 4665: 4663: 4661:Central Powers 4657: 4656: 4654: 4653: 4648: 4647: 4646: 4644:British Empire 4639:United Kingdom 4636: 4631: 4626: 4625: 4624: 4619: 4617:Russian Empire 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4593: 4592: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4571: 4570: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4539: 4537: 4535:Entente Powers 4528: 4523: 4520: 4519: 4516: 4515: 4513: 4512: 4507: 4506: 4505: 4503:North Atlantic 4494: 4492: 4486: 4485: 4483: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4466: 4464: 4458: 4457: 4455: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4428: 4426: 4420: 4419: 4417: 4416: 4414:Central Arabia 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4380: 4378: 4376:Middle Eastern 4372: 4371: 4369: 4368: 4363: 4362: 4361: 4351: 4346: 4345: 4344: 4333: 4331: 4322: 4318: 4317: 4315: 4314: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4277:Historiography 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4248: 4245: 4244: 4239: 4237: 4236: 4229: 4222: 4214: 4208: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4191: 4183: 4182:External links 4180: 4179: 4178: 4172: 4159: 4153: 4140: 4134: 4121: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4087: 4074: 4059: 4027: 4026: 3983: 3982: 3927:Encyclopaedias 3924: 3923: 3917: 3904: 3898: 3885: 3879: 3863: 3834: 3828: 3815: 3809: 3792: 3786: 3773: 3767: 3754: 3748: 3735: 3729: 3713: 3707: 3694: 3681: 3666: 3653: 3638: 3612: 3587: 3581: 3565: 3559: 3542: 3536: 3523: 3493: 3487: 3475:Edmonds, J. E. 3471: 3465: 3449: 3443: 3430: 3413: 3400: 3382:Bean, C. E. W. 3378: 3372: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3345: 3343:, p. 335. 3333: 3331:, p. 301. 3321: 3309: 3297: 3295:, p. 431. 3285: 3273: 3271:, p. 927. 3261: 3249: 3247:, p. 200. 3245:MacDonald 1993 3237: 3225: 3223:, p. 422. 3213: 3211:, p. 327. 3201: 3189: 3187:, p. 129. 3177: 3165: 3153: 3141: 3139:, p. 337. 3124: 3112: 3110:, p. 214. 3100: 3088: 3076: 3064: 3062:, p. 213. 3052: 3050:, p. 161. 3036: 3032:The Times 1918 3024: 3022:, p. 121. 3020:The Times 1918 3007: 2992: 2990:, p. 276. 2980: 2968: 2956: 2944: 2932: 2917: 2915:, p. 276. 2905: 2903:, p. 332. 2890: 2888:, p. 888. 2878: 2866: 2851: 2849:, p. 141. 2836: 2824: 2822:, p. 330. 2812: 2810:, p. 886. 2797: 2795:, p. 333. 2785: 2783:, p. 899. 2773: 2761: 2759:, p. 334. 2749: 2747:, p. 103. 2737: 2735:, p. 182. 2725: 2710: 2698: 2696:, p. 309. 2686: 2684:, p. 225. 2674: 2672:, p. 336. 2655: 2653:, p. 900. 2640: 2628: 2616: 2614:, p. 163. 2601: 2589: 2587:, p. 885. 2577: 2575:, p. 327. 2565: 2553: 2551:, p. 278. 2541: 2539:, p. 161. 2529: 2517: 2515:, p. 159. 2505: 2503:, p. 325. 2493: 2491:, p. 160. 2477: 2465: 2448: 2446:, p. 296. 2433: 2431:, p. 222. 2417: 2415:, p. 231. 2405: 2403:, p. 335. 2393: 2380: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2371: 2354: 2340: 2336:119th Division 2311: 2298: 2285: 2274: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2267: 2266: 2256: 2246: 2236: 2226: 2214: 2213:Victoria Cross 2211: 2202:Main article: 2199: 2196: 2192:13,000 missing 2143: 2125: 2111: 2089: 2086: 2036: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2021: 1989: 1986: 1955: 1948: 1947:Air operations 1945: 1936:300 prisoners. 1899: 1892: 1889: 1858:Stokes mortars 1798: 1791: 1788: 1722: 1703:195th Division 1683:II Anzac Corps 1611: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1583: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1555: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1527: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1513: 1512: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1408: 1395:119th Division 1351:Main article: 1348: 1345: 1313: 1306: 1303: 1265: 1246:19 Metre Hill. 1217: 1207:Main article: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1170:Canadian Corps 1154:Herbert Plumer 1152:) and General 1135: 1128: 1125: 1097:Italian fronts 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1012: 1011: 1009: 1008: 1003: 998: 986: 985: 983:Lys and Escaut 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 924: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 885: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 863: 862: 857: 852: 847: 837: 830: 819: 818: 813: 808: 803: 798: 793: 788: 783: 778: 773: 768: 763: 752: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 730: 729: 719: 714: 712:Neuve Chapelle 709: 704: 693: 692: 687: 685:Winter actions 682: 681: 680: 675: 665: 660: 655: 650: 648:Grand Couronné 645: 640: 639: 638: 633: 628: 618: 617: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 586: 585: 584: 579: 574: 564: 554: 551: 550: 543: 541: 540: 533: 526: 518: 509: 508: 506: 505: 500: 495: 490: 488:Operation Hush 485: 483:Messines mines 480: 475: 470: 465: 453: 452: 451: 450: 445: 435: 434: 433: 423: 418: 413: 412: 411: 401: 400: 399: 389: 388: 387: 382: 377: 367: 366: 365: 348: 347: 346: 345: 332: 329: 328: 319: 317: 316: 309: 302: 294: 286: 285: 282: 272: 271: 267: 266: 263: 259: 258: 254: 253: 251:Sixt von Armin 240: 230:Herbert Plumer 226: 225: 221: 220: 210: 196: 195: 182: 179:United Kingdom 167: 151:British Empire 138: 137: 133: 132: 129: 128: 125: 121: 120: 80: 78: 74: 73: 72:9 October 1917 70: 62: 61: 51: 50: 39: 38: 32: 31: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6408: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6336: 6333: 6332: 6329: 6319: 6318: 6314: 6312: 6311: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6299: 6295: 6294: 6292: 6288: 6278: 6275: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6247: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6225: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6217: 6215: 6209: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6154: 6152: 6148: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6118: 6116: 6114: 6110: 6104: 6103:United States 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6060: 6058: 6054: 6051: 6048: 6043: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5997: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5974: 5971: 5967: 5964: 5963: 5962: 5959: 5958: 5956: 5955: 5953: 5951: 5947: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5930: 5928: 5927: 5925: 5923: 5919: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5893: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5882: 5879: 5878: 5876: 5875: 5873: 5871: 5867: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5850: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5839: 5838: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5818: 5816: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5803: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5795: 5793: 5789: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5769: 5767: 5763: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5746: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5735: 5732: 5731: 5729: 5728: 5726: 5720: 5715: 5705: 5704:United States 5702: 5698: 5695: 5694: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5674: 5672: 5668: 5662: 5659: 5655: 5654:Convoy system 5652: 5651: 5650: 5649:Naval warfare 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5623: 5620: 5619: 5618: 5615: 5614: 5612: 5608: 5605: 5601: 5590: 5587: 5584: 5581: 5578: 5575: 5572: 5569: 5564: 5561: 5558: 5555: 5552: 5549: 5546: 5543: 5542: 5541: 5538: 5535: 5532: 5529: 5526: 5523: 5520: 5517: 5514: 5511: 5508: 5505: 5502: 5499: 5496: 5493: 5490: 5487: 5484: 5481: 5478: 5475: 5472: 5469: 5466: 5463: 5460: 5457: 5454: 5451: 5448: 5445: 5442: 5439: 5436: 5435: 5433: 5429: 5422: 5419: 5416: 5413: 5410: 5409:Kaocen revolt 5407: 5404: 5403:Easter Rising 5401: 5398: 5395: 5392: 5389: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5366: 5363: 5360: 5357: 5354: 5351: 5348: 5345: 5342: 5339: 5336: 5333: 5330: 5327: 5324: 5321: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5311: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5201: 5199: 5197: 5193: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5103: 5101: 5099: 5095: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5062: 5059: 5058: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5029: 5028: 5026: 5022: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4975:Great Retreat 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4950: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4929: 4927: 4923: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4846:Battle of Cer 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4833: 4831: 4827: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4804: 4801: 4800: 4799: 4796: 4795: 4793: 4789: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4773: 4770: 4767: 4764: 4763:Agadir Crisis 4761: 4758: 4755: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4743: 4740: 4737: 4734: 4731: 4730: 4728: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4715: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4666: 4664: 4662: 4658: 4652: 4651:United States 4649: 4645: 4642: 4641: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4614: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4591: 4588: 4587: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4569: 4568:French Empire 4566: 4565: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4532: 4529: 4521: 4511: 4510:Mediterranean 4508: 4504: 4501: 4500: 4499: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4490:Naval warfare 4487: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4467: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4425: 4421: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4381: 4379: 4377: 4373: 4367: 4366:Italian Front 4364: 4360: 4357: 4356: 4355: 4354:Eastern Front 4352: 4350: 4349:Western Front 4347: 4343: 4340: 4339: 4338: 4335: 4334: 4332: 4330: 4326: 4323: 4319: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4307:Puppet states 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4249: 4246: 4242: 4235: 4230: 4228: 4223: 4221: 4216: 4215: 4212: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4195: 4192: 4189: 4186: 4185: 4181: 4175: 4169: 4165: 4160: 4156: 4150: 4146: 4141: 4137: 4131: 4127: 4122: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4102: 4096: 4095: 4091: 4077: 4075:0-27595-894-9 4071: 4067: 4066: 4060: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4040: 4034: 4033: 4032: 4031: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3990: 3989: 3988: 3987: 3979: 3972: 3960: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3936: 3931: 3930: 3929: 3928: 3920: 3914: 3910: 3905: 3901: 3895: 3891: 3886: 3882: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3844: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3825: 3821: 3816: 3812: 3806: 3801: 3800: 3793: 3789: 3783: 3779: 3774: 3770: 3764: 3760: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3741: 3736: 3732: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3717:MacDonald, L. 3714: 3710: 3704: 3700: 3695: 3684: 3678: 3674: 3673: 3667: 3656: 3650: 3646: 3645: 3639: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3619: 3613: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3593: 3588: 3584: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3556: 3551: 3550: 3543: 3539: 3533: 3529: 3524: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3500: 3494: 3490: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3440: 3436: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3403: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3388: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3369: 3365: 3360: 3359: 3358: 3357: 3349: 3342: 3337: 3334: 3330: 3329:Terraine 1977 3325: 3322: 3319:, p. 96. 3318: 3317:Foerster 1956 3313: 3310: 3306: 3301: 3298: 3294: 3289: 3286: 3282: 3277: 3274: 3270: 3265: 3262: 3258: 3253: 3250: 3246: 3241: 3238: 3234: 3229: 3226: 3222: 3221:Atkinson 2009 3217: 3214: 3210: 3205: 3202: 3198: 3193: 3190: 3186: 3185:Boraston 1920 3181: 3178: 3174: 3169: 3166: 3162: 3157: 3154: 3150: 3145: 3142: 3138: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3116: 3113: 3109: 3104: 3101: 3097: 3092: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3077: 3073: 3068: 3065: 3061: 3056: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3040: 3037: 3033: 3028: 3025: 3021: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3008: 3004: 2999: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2984: 2981: 2977: 2972: 2969: 2965: 2960: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2945: 2941: 2936: 2933: 2929: 2924: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2909: 2906: 2902: 2897: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2882: 2879: 2875: 2870: 2867: 2863: 2858: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2828: 2825: 2821: 2816: 2813: 2809: 2804: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2789: 2786: 2782: 2777: 2774: 2770: 2769:Atkinson 2009 2765: 2762: 2758: 2753: 2750: 2746: 2745:McCarthy 1995 2741: 2738: 2734: 2729: 2726: 2722: 2721:McCarthy 1995 2717: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2702: 2699: 2695: 2690: 2687: 2683: 2678: 2675: 2671: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2647: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2632: 2629: 2625: 2620: 2617: 2613: 2608: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2593: 2590: 2586: 2581: 2578: 2574: 2569: 2566: 2562: 2557: 2554: 2550: 2545: 2542: 2538: 2533: 2530: 2526: 2521: 2518: 2514: 2509: 2506: 2502: 2497: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2481: 2478: 2474: 2469: 2466: 2462: 2457: 2455: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2421: 2418: 2414: 2409: 2406: 2402: 2397: 2394: 2391:, p. 67. 2390: 2389:Davidson 2010 2385: 2382: 2376: 2368: 2364: 2358: 2355: 2349:1:40,000 map; 2344: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2332:18th Division 2329: 2328:16th Division 2325: 2324:15th Division 2321: 2315: 2312: 2302: 2299: 2295: 2294:James Edmonds 2289: 2286: 2279: 2276: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2250:John Molyneux 2247: 2245: 2241: 2240:Joseph Lister 2237: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2225: 2224:Green Howards 2221: 2220:William Clamp 2217: 2216: 2212: 2210: 2205: 2197: 2195: 2184: 2183:Der Weltkrieg 2178: 2173: 2172:James Edmonds 2149: 2142: 2138: 2136: 2124: 2120: 2110: 2106: 2087: 2085: 2077: 2070: 2062:27 trainloads 2057: 2046: 2034: 2027: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2016:Der Weltkrieg 2007: 2002: 1996: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1953: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1934:I Corps took 1927: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1897: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1866: 1861: 1859: 1845: 1842:200 prisoners 1833: 1829: 1828:29th Division 1824: 1819: 1816: 1810: 1796: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1784:144th Brigade 1766: 1763: 1748: 1747:147th Brigade 1743: 1736: 1735:146th Brigade 1731: 1730:148th Brigade 1720: 1716: 1713: 1712:198th Brigade 1704: 1700: 1699:197th Brigade 1695: 1684: 1679: 1676: 1671: 1667: 1659: 1655: 1650: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1630:21st Division 1627: 1622: 1618: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1584: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1557: 1556: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1501: 1498: 1497: 1490: 1484: 1480: 1472: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1456: 1455:Gegenangriffe 1450: 1444: 1437: 1430: 1424: 1413: 1407: 1402: 1400: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1385:18th Division 1381: 1380: 1374: 1370: 1369:20th Division 1366: 1365:16th Division 1361: 1354: 1346: 1344: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1329: 1326: 1321: 1311: 1304: 1302: 1291: 1286: 1275: 1263: 1259: 1257: 1256:I Anzac Corps 1253: 1248: 1243: 1234: 1228: 1215: 1210: 1202: 1197: 1195: 1188: 1182: 1171: 1165: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1144: 1133: 1126: 1124: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1109:Field Marshal 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1088: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1059: 1054: 1052: 1050: 1044: 1042: 1038: 1035:, during the 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1007: 1004: 1002: 999: 997: 994: 993: 992: 991: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 958:Meuse-Argonne 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 922: 919: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 901: 897: 896: 895: 892: 891: 890: 889: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 872:Passchendaele 870: 868: 865: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 842: 841: 838: 836: 835: 831: 829: 826: 825: 824: 823: 817: 814: 812: 809: 807: 804: 802: 799: 797: 794: 792: 789: 787: 784: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 759: 758: 757: 756: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 734:2nd Champagne 732: 728: 725: 724: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 702:1st Champagne 700: 699: 698: 697: 691: 688: 686: 683: 679: 676: 674: 671: 670: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 646: 644: 641: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 623: 622: 621:Great Retreat 619: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 591: 590: 587: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 569: 568: 565: 563: 560: 559: 557: 552: 547: 546:Western Front 539: 534: 532: 527: 525: 520: 519: 516: 504: 501: 499: 498:Tactics, 1917 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 463:Ypres Salient 461: 460: 459: 458: 449: 446: 444: 441: 440: 439: 436: 432: 429: 428: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 410: 407: 406: 405: 402: 398: 395: 394: 393: 390: 386: 383: 381: 378: 376: 373: 372: 371: 368: 364: 361: 360: 359: 358:Pilckem Ridge 356: 355: 354: 353: 344: 341: 340: 339: 338: 337: 336: 330: 325: 315: 310: 308: 303: 301: 296: 295: 292: 283: 274: 273: 268: 264: 262:10+ divisions 261: 260: 255: 252: 248: 244: 241: 239: 235: 231: 228: 227: 222: 219: 218:German Empire 215: 211: 208: 194: 183: 180: 168: 166: 155: 154: 153: 152: 140: 139: 134: 126: 123: 122: 117: 113:50.922; 2.963 87: 86:West Flanders 83: 79: 76: 75: 71: 68: 67: 63: 57: 52: 49: 45: 40: 35: 30: 19: 6315: 6308: 6296: 5903: / 5835: 5670:Conscription 5634:Cryptography 5571:Iraqi Revolt 5005:Siege of Kut 4948: 4526:participants 4475:German Samoa 4409:South Arabia 4163: 4144: 4125: 4113:. Retrieved 4100: 4079:. Retrieved 4064: 4051:. Retrieved 4038: 4029: 4028: 3997: 3993: 3985: 3984: 3947:. Retrieved 3934: 3926: 3925: 3908: 3889: 3870: 3867:Terraine, J. 3855:. Retrieved 3842: 3819: 3798: 3777: 3758: 3739: 3720: 3698: 3686:. Retrieved 3671: 3658:. Retrieved 3643: 3630:. Retrieved 3617: 3604:. Retrieved 3591: 3572: 3548: 3527: 3515:. Retrieved 3503: 3498: 3478: 3456: 3434: 3417: 3405:. Retrieved 3386: 3363: 3355: 3354: 3341:Edmonds 1991 3336: 3324: 3312: 3300: 3288: 3281:Stewart 2014 3276: 3264: 3252: 3240: 3233:Edmonds 1991 3228: 3216: 3204: 3197:Sheldon 2007 3192: 3180: 3173:Sheldon 2007 3168: 3161:Sheldon 2007 3156: 3144: 3137:Edmonds 1991 3120:Sheldon 2007 3115: 3108:Sheldon 2007 3103: 3091: 3079: 3067: 3055: 3039: 3027: 3003:Headlam 2010 2988:Headlam 2010 2983: 2971: 2959: 2952:Edmonds 1991 2947: 2935: 2928:Edmonds 1991 2913:Stewart 2014 2908: 2901:Edmonds 1991 2881: 2869: 2832:Edmonds 1991 2827: 2820:Edmonds 1991 2815: 2793:Edmonds 1991 2788: 2776: 2764: 2757:Edmonds 1991 2752: 2740: 2728: 2706:Sheldon 2007 2701: 2689: 2682:Sheldon 2007 2677: 2670:Edmonds 1991 2631: 2624:Edmonds 1991 2619: 2597:Edmonds 1991 2592: 2580: 2573:Edmonds 1991 2568: 2561:Edmonds 1991 2556: 2549:Stewart 2014 2544: 2532: 2525:Edmonds 1991 2520: 2508: 2501:Edmonds 1991 2496: 2485:Edmonds 1991 2480: 2473:Edmonds 1991 2468: 2461:Edmonds 1991 2444:Edmonds 1991 2425:Edmonds 1991 2420: 2413:Edmonds 1991 2408: 2396: 2384: 2357: 2343: 2314: 2301: 2288: 2278: 2207: 2164:3,119 losses 2153: 2148:Hugh Stewart 2140: 2132: 2122: 2118: 2108: 2091: 2071: 2067:2,100 German 2058: 2041: 1991: 1964:5–9 October. 1960: 1928: 1912:2nd Division 1904: 1885: 1862: 1846: 1820: 1811: 1803: 1767: 1744: 1727: 1696: 1680: 1651: 1638:22nd Brigade 1634:7th Division 1626:95th Brigade 1621:5th Division 1617:15th Brigade 1614: 1488: 1418: 1411: 1404: 1356: 1330: 1322: 1318: 1299:23 batteries 1295:49 batteries 1287: 1270: 1249: 1242:4th Division 1222: 1183: 1166: 1162: 1146:Hubert Gough 1140: 1113:Douglas Haig 1104: 1099:. After the 1063: 1045: 1020: 1018: 989: 988: 948:Saint-Mihiel 916:Belleau Wood 899: 887: 886: 877:La Malmaison 833: 821: 820: 786:Kink Salient 754: 753: 749:Gas: Wieltje 695: 694: 555: 456: 455: 443:1/2 December 421:Poelcappelle 420: 404:Polygon Wood 397:25 September 351: 350: 333: 234:Hubert Gough 193:Newfoundland 141: 136:Belligerents 127:Inconclusive 82:Poelcappelle 42:Part of the 29: 5933:Netherlands 5910:Switzerland 5791:Occupations 5782:Spanish flu 5559:(1919–1922) 5553:(1918–1921) 5547:(1918–1923) 5536:(1919–1921) 5530:(1919–1921) 5524:(1919–1920) 5500:(1918–1920) 5494:(1918–1920) 5488:(1918–1920) 5470:(1918–1920) 5452:(1918–1920) 5446:(1917–1921) 5440:(1917–1921) 5387:(1916-1918) 5385:Arab Revolt 5376:(1915–1917) 5370:(1915–1917) 5358:(1914-1917) 5352:(1914–1917) 5346:(1914–1921) 5340:(1913–1920) 5328:(1910–1920) 5322:(1900–1920) 4820:July Crisis 4741:(1880–1914) 4404:Mesopotamia 4282:Home fronts 4241:World War I 3967:|work= 3949:14 November 3838:Stewart, H. 3632:8 September 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a.m., 1477:See also: 1443:Gegenstöße 1238:2:00 p.m., 1175:60-pounder 1150:Fifth Army 1105:Black Days 1066:Third Army 1055:Background 1029:Fifth Army 781:Wulverghem 744:3rd Artois 722:2nd Artois 690:1st Artois 473:Wurst Farm 431:22 October 392:Menin Road 370:Langemarck 96:50°55′19″N 6047:Diplomacy 5754:Olympians 5677:Australia 5644:Logistics 5577:Vlora War 5506:(1918–19) 5482:(1918–19) 5476:(1918–19) 5464:(1918–19) 5411:(1916–17) 5393:(1916–17) 5344:Zaian War 5334:(1914–15) 5061:first day 4949:Lusitania 4777:(1912–13) 4771:(1911–12) 4759:(1908–09) 4753:(1905–06) 4735:(1870–71) 4524:Principal 4384:Gallipoli 4287:Memorials 4272:Geography 4262:Aftermath 4110:559096645 4048:500051492 4022:159930725 4014:0899-3718 3969:ignored ( 3852:904059689 3840:(2014) . 3719:(1993) . 3688:23 August 3660:23 August 3627:565246540 3601:565067054 3571:(2010) . 3512:257129831 3477:(1991) . 3455:(2010) . 3426:633614212 3384:(1941) . 3269:Bean 1941 3257:Bean 1941 2886:Bean 1941 2808:Bean 1941 2781:Bean 1941 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Battle of Poelcappelle

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