938:
629:
601:
479:, the capital of Jabal Druze State, dispatched 160 French soldiers under the command of Captain Normand to retrieve the French pilots and restore governmental over Salkhad and its vicinity. Al-Atrash's forces intercepted the French column at al-Kafr, killing most of the entire force, including Normand in a half-hour-long battle. Afterward, most Druze leaders of the Jabal joined al-Atrash's efforts and
615:
573:
587:
559:
141:
129:
96:
444:
were fired as al-Atrash's forces gunned down a French reconnaissance plane surveilling their ground force, which numbered 250, all cavalry. The plane crashed, but its two pilots survived, albeit wounded. They were captured by the Ali
Mustafa al-Atrash, then being a young teenager, and sheltered in
448:
On 20 July al-Atrash's forces entered and occupied
Salkhad, calling its men to arms in the central square, to which many responded. They laid siege to the French garrison, but no resistance was encountered. The garrison, which consisted of 40 officers and government employees surrendered and the
305:. Preceding the battle, on 19 July, al-Atrash's forces shot down a French reconnaissance plane, the first shots of the revolt, and captured its injured pilots. The next day, rebels captured Salkhad and its French garrison without facing significant resistance.
377:
mountain region. Tensions grew between the French authorities and the Druze leadership, as the latter viewed the former as encroaching on their territory and not respecting their traditions.
205:
384:, ostensibly to decrease tensions between the Mandate and the Druze community. However, the Druze leaders, three of whom actually showed up, were instead arrested and incarcerated in the
404:
In mid-July Sultan and his cousin Mit'ib, the other summoned Druze leader who did not leave for
Damascus, began an expedition to assemble their troops, beginning with their kinsmen in
1219:
867:
449:
rebels proceeded to set on fire and reclaim all French-governmental buildings in the town, including the library of
Salkhad's French delegation and the police station.
198:
1199:
396:, one of the two summoned leaders who chose not meet Sarrail, began to rally his forces in preparation for a revolt against French rule in all of Syria.
937:
191:
100:
860:
803:
782:
761:
1054:
876:
523:
1214:
853:
357:
in 1920. Britain and France had previously agreed to divide the
Ottoman Empire's Arab territories between themselves in the 1916
1164:
890:
1048:
816:
67:
1021:
628:
429:
1209:
1016:
967:
254:
1042:
1224:
1204:
600:
1148:
578:
513:
264:
1113:
793:
1174:
1004:
751:
528:
294:
244:
572:
984:
952:
922:
463:
The following day al-Atrash and his rebels departed further up the Jabal and more people from al-Kafr and
393:
290:
148:
249:
358:
440:, the second largest town of the Jabal. In Orman, on 19 July, the first shots of what would become the
1123:
365:, French forces gained control of Syria, later dividing into several autonomous entities, including
1133:
1098:
999:
979:
747:
558:
493:
441:
421:
302:
239:
215:
36:
1009:
962:
905:
614:
586:
480:
417:
362:
259:
106:
380:
In early July 1925 five Druze leaders were summoned to
Damascus by the French High Commissioner
1169:
1103:
994:
957:
912:
900:
799:
778:
757:
508:
458:
366:
354:
269:
234:
1128:
1118:
1093:
634:
606:
564:
548:
518:
503:
342:
927:
895:
472:
381:
134:
1088:
620:
543:
330:
326:
318:
1193:
1143:
1108:
1078:
1026:
974:
917:
592:
538:
498:
385:
374:
63:
1138:
1083:
433:
322:
471:
tribes, Sulut and
Sardiyya, joined the rebels. On the orders of High-Commissioner
772:
17:
425:
334:
314:
476:
409:
831:
818:
753:
A Line in the Sand: The Anglo-French
Struggle for the Middle East, 1914–1948
338:
845:
346:
468:
437:
413:
389:
298:
59:
183:
464:
350:
140:
128:
95:
533:
445:
his family's home, while others from Orman set the plane on fire.
405:
370:
286:
113:
301:
on 20 July 1925. It would become the first confrontation of the
849:
483:
throughout the country were inspired to partake in the revolt.
187:
795:
The Great Syrian Revolt and the Rise of Arab
Nationalism
1157:
1071:
1064:
1035:
945:
883:
475:, commandant Tommy Martin, the French commander in
729:
727:
29:
861:
199:
8:
1068:
868:
854:
846:
361:. After Faisal's army was defeated in the
206:
192:
184:
26:
717:
715:
713:
1220:Battles and conflicts without fatalities
353:was granted a mandate over Syria by the
646:
554:
392:. Upon learning of their imprisonment,
321:rule in Syria came to end when their
162:40 (officers and Mandatory employees)
7:
1055:Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence
1200:Battles of the Great Syrian Revolt
467:members of the region's principal
369:based on the southeastern, mainly
25:
524:Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
936:
627:
613:
599:
585:
571:
557:
285:refers to the clash between the
139:
127:
94:
771:Betts, Robert Brenton (2010).
756:. W. W. Norton & Company.
1:
798:. University of Texas Press.
436:, all satellite villages of
337:. Between 1918 and 1920 the
1241:
792:Provence, Michael (2005).
456:
1049:Paulet–Newcombe Agreement
934:
777:. Yale University Press.
400:French garrison surrender
225:
169:
156:
120:
86:
42:
34:
1165:French High Commissioner
1149:Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar
579:Abd Al-Rahman Shahbandar
514:Abd Al-Rahman Shahbandar
1215:1925 in Mandatory Syria
1005:Battle of al-Musayfirah
877:French Mandate of Syria
662:Betts, 1990, pp. 84–85.
313:In 1918, at the end of
37:The Great Syrian Revolt
1022:Syria–Lebanon campaign
985:Epic of Ain Albu Gomaa
980:1925–1927 revolt
923:Sanjak of Alexandretta
707:Provence, 2005, p. 60.
698:Provence, 2005, p. 59.
689:Provence, 2005, p. 58.
680:Provence, 2005, p. 57.
653:Provence, 2005, p. 27.
394:Sultan Pasha al-Atrash
291:Sultan Pasha al-Atrash
149:Sultan Pasha al-Atrash
121:Commanders and leaders
1114:Mar'i Pasha al-Mallah
1043:Sykes–Picot Agreement
832:32.49389°N 36.71056°E
359:Sykes-Picot Agreement
345:ruled nominally from
170:Casualties and losses
1124:Kamil Pasha al-Qudsi
733:Provence, pp. 59–60.
671:Provence, pp. 27–29.
412:, and then onto the
1134:Saadallah al-Jabiri
1099:Mustafa Bey Barmada
1017:1936 general strike
1000:Battle of al-Mazraa
968:Capture of Damascus
828: /
494:Great Syrian Revolt
481:Syrian nationalists
442:Great Syrian Revolt
303:Great Syrian Revolt
217:Great Syrian Revolt
1010:1925 Hama uprising
990:Capture of Salkhad
963:Battle of Maysalun
906:Al-Jazira Province
837:32.49389; 36.71056
363:Battle of Maysalun
333:allies during the
325:was driven out by
293:and a unit of the
283:capture of Salkhad
107:Army of the Levant
1210:Conflicts in 1925
1187:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1170:Charles de Gaulle
1104:Shukri al-Quwatli
995:Battle of al-Kafr
958:Franco-Syrian War
913:Jabal Druze State
901:State of Damascus
805:978-0-292-70680-4
784:978-0-300-04810-0
763:978-0-393-07065-1
459:Battle of al-Kafr
367:Jabal Druze State
355:League of Nations
329:forces and their
278:
277:
182:
181:
82:
81:
30:Battle of Salkhad
18:Battle of Salkhad
16:(Redirected from
1232:
1225:July 1925 events
1205:Salkhad District
1129:Sultan al-Atrash
1119:Jamil Mardam Bey
1094:Hashim al-Atassi
1069:
940:
870:
863:
856:
847:
843:
842:
840:
839:
838:
833:
829:
826:
825:
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821:
809:
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734:
731:
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719:
708:
705:
699:
696:
690:
687:
681:
678:
672:
669:
663:
660:
654:
651:
635:Hasan al-Kharrat
631:
617:
607:Sultan al-Atrash
603:
589:
575:
565:Fawzi al-Qawuqji
561:
549:Hasan al-Kharrat
519:Sultan al-Atrash
504:Fawzi al-Qawuqji
289:rebel forces of
220:
218:
208:
201:
194:
185:
152:Mit'ib al-Atrash
144:
143:
132:
131:
99:
98:
44:
43:
27:
21:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1179:
1153:
1060:
1031:
941:
932:
928:Greater Lebanon
896:State of Aleppo
879:
874:
836:
834:
830:
827:
822:
819:
817:
815:
814:
812:
806:
791:
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732:
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637:
632:
623:
618:
609:
604:
595:
590:
581:
576:
567:
562:
553:
489:
473:Maurice Sarrail
461:
455:
402:
382:Maurice Sarrail
311:
279:
274:
221:
216:
214:
212:
151:
138:
137:
135:Maurice Sarrail
126:
93:
70:
50:19–20 July 1925
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1238:
1236:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1192:
1191:
1185:
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1177:
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1161:
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1155:
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1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1089:Ibrahim Hananu
1086:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1039:
1037:
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1024:
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1007:
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987:
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943:
942:
935:
933:
931:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
909:
908:
903:
898:
891:State of Syria
887:
885:
881:
880:
875:
873:
872:
865:
858:
850:
811:
810:
804:
789:
783:
768:
762:
743:
741:
738:
736:
735:
723:
709:
700:
691:
682:
673:
664:
655:
645:
643:
640:
639:
638:
633:
626:
624:
621:Ibrahim Hananu
619:
612:
610:
605:
598:
596:
591:
584:
582:
577:
570:
568:
563:
556:
552:
551:
546:
544:Ibrahim Hananu
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
509:Yusuf al-'Azma
506:
501:
496:
490:
488:
485:
457:Main article:
454:
451:
401:
398:
331:Hashemite Arab
310:
307:
295:French Mandate
276:
275:
273:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
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226:
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213:
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72:
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58:
56:
52:
51:
48:
40:
39:
32:
31:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1237:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1176:
1175:Henri Gouraud
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1144:Ayyash Al-Haj
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1109:Khalid al-Azm
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1079:Yusuf al-Azma
1077:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1027:Levant Crisis
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
982:
981:
978:
976:
975:Hananu Revolt
973:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
948:
944:
939:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
918:Alawite State
916:
914:
911:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
893:
892:
889:
888:
886:
882:
878:
871:
866:
864:
859:
857:
852:
851:
848:
844:
841:
807:
801:
797:
796:
790:
786:
780:
776:
775:
769:
765:
759:
755:
754:
749:
745:
744:
739:
730:
728:
724:
721:Barr, p. 126.
718:
716:
714:
710:
704:
701:
695:
692:
686:
683:
677:
674:
668:
665:
659:
656:
650:
647:
641:
636:
630:
625:
622:
616:
611:
608:
602:
597:
594:
593:Ayyash Al-Haj
588:
583:
580:
574:
569:
566:
560:
555:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
539:Adham Khanjar
537:
535:
532:
530:
529:Henri Gouraud
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
499:Ayyash Al-Haj
497:
495:
492:
491:
486:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
460:
452:
450:
446:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
422:Umm al-Rumman
419:
415:
411:
407:
399:
397:
395:
391:
387:
386:desert prison
383:
378:
376:
375:Jabal al-Arab
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
308:
306:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
245:al-Musayfirah
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
227:
224:
219:
209:
204:
202:
197:
195:
190:
189:
186:
177:
174:
173:
168:
165:250 (cavalry)
164:
161:
160:
155:
150:
147:
142:
136:
130:
125:
124:
119:
115:
112:
108:
105:
104:
103:
102:
97:
91:
90:
85:
78:Druze victory
77:
74:
73:
69:
65:
64:Jabal al-Arab
61:
57:
54:
53:
49:
46:
45:
41:
38:
33:
28:
19:
1139:Haqqi al-Azm
1084:Saleh al-Ali
989:
813:
794:
773:
752:
740:Bibliography
703:
694:
685:
676:
667:
658:
649:
462:
447:
403:
379:
312:
282:
280:
229:
145:Tommy Martin
92:
87:Belligerents
953:1919 revolt
835: /
748:Barr, James
426:al-Ghariyah
373:-inhabited
335:Arab Revolt
315:World War I
255:Deir Ez-Zor
1194:Categories
823:36°42′38″E
820:32°29′38″N
642:References
477:al-Suwayda
410:al-Qurayya
309:Background
250:al-Suwayda
946:Conflicts
774:The Druze
453:Aftermath
339:Hashemite
297:based in
240:al-Mazraa
175:2 wounded
1036:Treaties
750:(2012).
487:See also
347:Damascus
265:Damascus
157:Strength
55:Location
35:Part of
469:Bedouin
438:Salkhad
414:al-Kafr
390:Palmyra
327:British
319:Ottoman
299:Salkhad
270:Rashaya
235:al-Kafr
230:Salkhad
60:Salkhad
1158:French
1072:Syrian
1065:People
1057:(1936)
1051:(1920)
1045:(1916)
884:States
802:
781:
760:
465:Muslim
351:France
349:, but
343:Faisal
116:rebels
101:France
75:Result
534:Syria
434:Orman
430:Malah
406:Rasas
371:Druze
341:king
287:Druze
133:Gen.
114:Druze
68:Syria
800:ISBN
779:ISBN
758:ISBN
432:and
418:Baka
408:and
323:army
281:The
260:Hama
178:None
47:Date
388:of
1196::
726:^
712:^
428:,
424:,
420:,
416:,
317:,
66:,
62:,
869:e
862:t
855:v
808:.
787:.
766:.
207:e
200:t
193:v
20:)
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