188:
150:
171:
1206:
5086:
136:
45:
1217:
The
British force was visible against the lighter horizon and the Germans were further aided by a rain squall approaching from the south-west. Visibility was poor with low clouds and there was a long heavy swell. Kohlauf saw the silhouette of the larger British cruiser and believing he had been
989:
By mid-1943, the Battle of The
Atlantic had been won and the Royal Navy went on the offensive. In August 1943, Plymouth Command was ordered to develop an operation to regularly harry German shipping, with a secondary aim of drawing German naval resources into a fight to destroy as many of the
1224:
could have inflicted considerable damage but the
Germans had only been confirmed on radar with no visual contact. A total of 24 torpedoes were launched by the Germans. Lookouts suddenly saw the white, straight foaming tracks of torpedoes and before anything could be done
1415:, which includes his further investigations and also information from a German destroyer captain present that night. He discusses the planning, the events of the operation and its aftermath, identifying some of the salient oversights that culminated in the loss of both
1202:, picked up the signal. Her overtaking the rest of the force caused confusion, compounded when the first German torpedoes arrived and friendly star shells illuminated the leading British ships instead of the Germans. By now the British formation had lost cohesion.
997:, devised Operation Tunnel, an offensive sweep along the coast of western France, the first being on the night of 5/6 September. Three more followed with no result. On the night of 3/4 October, Hunt-class escort destroyers HMS
5137:
1179:. At the same time German radar operators picked them up, tracked them and relayed the information to the German ships. These warnings were intercepted by the Hunt destroyers and by Plymouth Command but
1286:
sank within half an hour with the loss of over 400 men including her captain George
Voelcker. The other destroyers had near misses from collisions in the confusion and then withdrew, ending the battle.
1349:. The action was the last defeat of the Royal Navy. Lessons were learned by the British and despite the setback Operation Tunnel succeeded, with only four out of 15 blockade runners reaching France.
1072:
voiced his reservations to senior staff about the predictability of the tactics and the lack of training between the vessels, going so far as to say "don't let's go" but his advice was not heeded.
1389:
occupiers. Around 5,000 islanders attended the funeral, laying some 900 wreaths, enough of a demonstration against the Nazi occupation for subsequent military funerals to be closed to civilians.
3657:
3010:
5008:
3026:
5142:
2949:
2921:
2065:
257:
5157:
3353:
4987:
3666:
2487:
1385:
authorities buried them with full military honours. The funerals became an opportunity for some of the islanders to demonstrate their loyalty to
Britain and their opposition to the
3969:
3332:
2641:
2266:
2982:
2928:
2114:
3439:
2935:
2551:
1961:
3325:
2772:
2648:
313:
1392:
Every year a commemoration service is held, which is attended by survivors of the action and their relatives, the
Guernsey Association of Royal Navy and Royal Marines,
2625:
2005:
3062:
2374:
981:
sailors lost their lives. The battle was the last surface fleet action of the war where the Royal Navy was defeated and the last German surface fleet action victory.
2881:
2183:
1198:
picked them up on her own radar at a range of 14,000 yd (13,000 m) at 01:30 and signalled the destroyers to increase speed but only the rear destroyer,
4880:
3673:
3636:
3613:
3134:
2056:
2026:
3766:
2826:
3622:
3606:
3578:
3346:
2033:
286:
4523:
3590:
3502:
3446:
3409:
3402:
2691:
250:
3495:
2227:
1362:
1081:
was assigned to the operation for the first time, with its skipper
Captain George Voelcker in charge and on 22 October the British force put to sea from
3542:
5001:
3629:
2019:
1977:
4850:
84:
2669:
2443:
2206:
2072:
1883:
3745:
2579:
2079:
1991:
1927:
3948:
3460:
2310:
1848:
243:
4544:
3976:
3722:
3597:
2683:
2514:
2220:
2137:
1797:
1778:
1740:
1721:
1683:
4777:
4184:
4070:
3235:
2702:
2698:
2676:
2280:
4692:
4156:
308:
3488:
3474:
2687:
1338:
4770:
4226:
2457:
4901:
4648:
3941:
3892:
3650:
3205:
2296:
2144:
1998:
2956:
5017:
3899:
3871:
3688:
3270:
2989:
1816:
1759:
1702:
1382:
4212:
5054:
4449:
4149:
3388:
3284:
3120:
2797:
2243:
1357:
unscathed but the blockade running mission had been frustrated. On the next attempt, she was forced ashore and destroyed west of
1041:
suffering light structural damage. Four more
Tunnels were run between 13 and 18 October. The British tactics became predictable.
4408:
3180:
5132:
4578:
4419:
4244:
4003:
3962:
3855:
3793:
2450:
2319:
2287:
281:
4814:
4607:
3844:
2967:
4964:
4936:
3295:
3017:
2657:
2388:
2107:
2012:
1897:
4908:
4839:
4664:
3878:
1397:
1261:. This time the aft engine room was hit which flooded and cut all electrical power and increased the list to fifty degrees.
5024:
4957:
4170:
4121:
3885:
3481:
3242:
3033:
2086:
1639:
5152:
5098:
4994:
4369:
4330:
3249:
3084:
3069:
2996:
2975:
2793:
2471:
2257:
2250:
2234:
1945:
1904:
1876:
463:
904:
899:
5061:
4385:
4337:
3955:
3927:
3780:
3395:
3374:
2895:
2558:
1954:
833:
412:
4859:
4063:
2464:
5127:
4355:
4274:
4219:
4107:
3713:
3339:
3263:
3165:
3042:
2914:
2907:
2867:
2840:
2572:
2505:
2172:
2100:
1911:
1841:
296:
1218:
surprised gave the immediate order to turn and flee but not before ordering every ship to launch their torpedoes.
4761:
4678:
4463:
4323:
4295:
4128:
4033:
3823:
3256:
2330:
1984:
870:
326:
4500:
4477:
3729:
3530:
3523:
3187:
2847:
2819:
2812:
2535:
2199:
1157:
4922:
4866:
4736:
4596:
4281:
3934:
3830:
3736:
3304:
3172:
3142:
3106:
3091:
2963:
2855:
2833:
2779:
2765:
2747:
2411:
2192:
1920:
1869:
1269:
852:
558:
468:
456:
291:
5147:
4614:
4507:
4309:
4260:
4163:
4056:
4026:
3809:
3697:
3423:
3214:
2805:
2786:
2756:
2303:
2273:
1714:
Dictionary of
Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity Through the Twenty-first Century
958:. It is likely that the British vessels were caught in an ambush and the action ended with the sinking of
927:
894:
857:
441:
267:
32:
3277:
5105:
4828:
4671:
4567:
4537:
4493:
4233:
4198:
4191:
4114:
4012:
3453:
3430:
2888:
2425:
2165:
2151:
1834:
796:
786:
744:
620:
580:
568:
383:
2480:
4929:
4784:
4435:
4392:
4362:
4288:
4098:
4077:
3003:
2158:
1194:
was turned back out of harm's way, while the German torpedo-boats lay in wait for the
British force.
1153:
1106:
966:
821:
816:
811:
524:
5047:
4821:
4699:
4655:
4177:
3311:
3077:
2604:
2434:
2418:
2367:
1234:
1110:
1093:
972:
826:
1205:
5040:
4873:
4798:
4752:
4722:
4630:
4470:
4135:
4019:
3913:
3864:
3802:
3558:
3509:
3318:
3221:
2942:
2597:
2528:
2395:
1282:. She listed heavily to starboard with her bows blown off; the crew subsequently abandoned ship
1279:
1075:
1064:
intelligence was a ruse to lure the British into an ambush. At the briefing Lieutenant Commander
959:
887:
652:
5085:
5031:
4915:
4805:
4745:
4706:
4639:
4621:
4587:
4530:
4484:
4428:
4253:
3991:
3983:
3920:
3773:
3367:
2899:
2544:
2521:
2360:
2339:
2049:
1812:
1793:
1774:
1755:
1736:
1717:
1698:
1679:
657:
546:
531:
1605:
1539:
4950:
4943:
4887:
4551:
4316:
4302:
4205:
4142:
4093:
3906:
3759:
3706:
3516:
3467:
3381:
2611:
2588:
2121:
1100:
754:
635:
348:
303:
176:
4973:
4685:
4600:
4558:
4456:
4399:
4267:
4049:
4040:
3569:
3151:
3127:
2723:
2381:
1128:
1116:
1045:
947:
935:
1573:
1044:
On 22 October, British authorities gained intelligence about the movement of the German
4980:
4516:
4442:
2494:
2353:
978:
847:
170:
141:
1411:, Lt. Cmdr. Roger Hill, wrote a detailed narrative of the battle in his autobiography
5121:
4791:
2716:
2565:
2404:
1358:
1296:
1242:
1172:
1161:
1065:
1053:
994:
939:
865:
806:
791:
774:
769:
764:
749:
734:
729:
719:
714:
709:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
647:
630:
615:
605:
600:
536:
507:
477:
451:
446:
436:
431:
419:
192:
5090:
4894:
3194:
3099:
2730:
2093:
1857:
1346:
1342:
1238:
1122:
955:
923:
781:
759:
642:
625:
610:
595:
590:
585:
575:
563:
541:
512:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
426:
407:
402:
390:
378:
373:
363:
353:
343:
338:
187:
155:
36:
4729:
4715:
4377:
3053:
2874:
2859:
2213:
1168:
1145:
1137:
704:
368:
358:
44:
4084:
3837:
3816:
2709:
2042:
1970:
1393:
1354:
943:
875:
739:
724:
99:
86:
4347:
3752:
3549:
3360:
3158:
3113:
2130:
1401:
1090:
969:
2634:
1152:
in a well-rehearsed procedure. The blockade runner was then joined by five
1407:
The senior surviving Royal Navy officer of this battle and captain of HMS
2618:
2346:
1378:
1377:
The bodies of 21 Royal Navy and Royal Marine personnel were washed up in
1323:
1176:
1167:
Soon after midnight the British force conducted a radar sweep at 13
1082:
951:
931:
74:
50:
1310:
s crippling and then conducted a rescue operation; 107 of the crew of
3228:
1386:
78:
1237:), flooding No 2 dynamo room and B boiler room. The port electrical
922:
was a naval action fought on the night of 22/23 October 1943 during
235:
1771:
A Peculiar Occupation: New Perspectives on Hitler's Channel Islands
3416:
1366:
1204:
1141:
1057:
553:
1017:
exchanged fire with German 'Elbing'-type torpedo-boat destroyers
1830:
1826:
239:
1245:
twenty degrees to port and stopped. Torpedoes narrowly missed
5138:
Naval battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
1574:"H.M.S. Charybdis: A Record of Her Loss and Commemoration"
950:, which was accompanied by German torpedo-boat destroyer
1544:
Service Histories of Royal Navy Warships in World War 2
2488:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
1345:
soon after, while Friedrich-Karl Paul was awarded the
1540:"HMS Charybdis (88): Light cruiser of the Dido class"
4849:
4577:
4418:
4243:
4002:
3854:
3792:
3696:
3687:
3568:
3294:
3204:
3052:
2755:
2746:
2504:
2329:
2182:
1944:
1937:
1318:had lost 42 members of her crew. An attempt to tow
1676:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946
1592:Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946
5143:Naval battles of World War II involving Germany
25:
1842:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1322:failed and the order was given for her to be
1060:and strategic metals. In all likelihood, the
990:warships as possible before invading France.
251:
8:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1314:were recovered through the morning and day.
1264:Within minutes of the second torpedo hit on
3693:
2752:
1941:
1849:
1835:
1827:
258:
244:
236:
22:
5158:Germany–United Kingdom military relations
1572:Charybdis Association (1 December 2010).
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1171:(24 km/h; 15 mph) while 7
1811:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
1754:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
1735:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
1462:
1460:
1295:The British force, now under command of
1056:and was carrying an important cargo of
16:Naval battle during the Second World War
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1436:
1404:and representatives of the Royal Navy.
3674:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
1790:The Royal Navy: An Illustrated History
1606:"The sinking of the Munsterland, 1944"
1303:, only came back when they learned of
1183:for some reason did not pick them up.
4545:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
3977:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
3623:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
3579:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
2684:Rape during the occupation of Germany
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1533:
1531:
7:
3667:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
2699:Rape during the liberation of France
3893:German invasion of the Netherlands
2173:Weather events during World War II
1809:German Destroyers of World War Two
1752:The German Fleet at War, 1939–1945
1175:(13 km; 8.1 mi) west of
942:and six destroyers of the British
14:
4524:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
1326:. She was sunk by torpedoes from
977:after suffering damage; over 500
5084:
1334:; 100 survivors were picked up.
930:. The battle took place off the
186:
169:
148:
134:
43:
1337:Franz Kohlauf was awarded the
1253:and then a second torpedo from
946:, hoping to intercept a German
4771:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
2481:Territorial changes of Germany
2389:Indonesian National Revolution
1640:"Local History: HMS Charybdis"
993:C-in-C Plymouth, Vice-Admiral
1:
4171:Japanese invasion of Thailand
4122:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
3886:German invasion of Luxembourg
2267:Mediterranean and Middle East
1009:and the fleet destroyers HMS
934:near the French coast in the
4078:Invasion of the Soviet Union
3767:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
3085:Independent State of Croatia
1229:was hit on the port side by
1140:of the 2nd Flotilla and two
5062:End of World War II in Asia
4902:Western invasion of Germany
4409:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
4386:Second Battle of El Alamein
3956:Hundred Regiments Offensive
3928:Battle of the Mediterranean
3781:Italian invasion of Albania
1955:Air warfare of World War II
1750:O'Hara, Vincent P. (2004).
1398:St John's Ambulance Brigade
5174:
4988:Naval bombardment of Japan
4356:First Battle of El Alamein
4275:Battle of Christmas Island
4220:Japanese invasion of Burma
3984:Italian invasion of Greece
3900:German invasion of Belgium
3872:German invasion of Denmark
3845:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
3714:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
1978:Comparative military ranks
1788:Watts, Anthony J. (2000).
5077:
4909:Bratislava–Brno offensive
4840:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
4464:Allied invasion of Sicily
4324:Aleutian Islands campaign
4296:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
4234:Greek famine of 1941–1944
4129:Second Battle of Changsha
4034:German invasion of Greece
3879:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
2221:North and Central Pacific
1864:
1678:. Conway Maritime Press.
1363:British coastal artillery
1330:and surface gunfire from
1158:4th Torpedo Boat Flotilla
277:
217:
198:
162:
127:
56:
42:
30:
4501:Allied invasion of Italy
4478:Solomon Islands campaign
4227:Third Battle of Changsha
3824:First Battle of Changsha
3730:Second Sino-Japanese War
2670:German military brothels
2536:United States war crimes
1731:Lambert, Andrew (1990).
1674:Chesneau, Roger (1997).
1209:The British cruiser HMS
4923:Second Guangxi campaign
4778:Philippines (1944–1945)
4282:Battle of the Coral Sea
4185:Fall of the Philippines
3831:Battle of South Guangxi
3737:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
3143:Italian Social Republic
1807:Whitley, M. J. (1991).
1693:Hill, Roger P. (1979).
49:Location of Sept-Îles,
5133:Battle of the Atlantic
4508:Armistice of Cassibile
4310:Battle of Dutch Harbor
4261:Battle of the Java Sea
4164:Attack on Pearl Harbor
4064:Syria–Lebanon campaign
4057:Battle of South Shanxi
4027:Invasion of Yugoslavia
3810:Battle of the Atlantic
3424:Korean Liberation Army
3137:(until September 1943)
3094:(until September 1944)
3072:(until September 1944)
1369:, on 21 January 1944.
1278:exploding the forward
1214:
928:Battle of the Atlantic
163:Commanders and leaders
33:Battle of the Atlantic
4672:Second Battle of Guam
4568:Bengal famine of 1943
4538:Second Battle of Kiev
4494:Battle of the Dnieper
4199:Battle of Wake Island
4071:East African campaign
4013:Battle of South Henan
3658:atrocities by Germans
3431:Korean Volunteer Army
2412:Occupation of Germany
2166:Music in World War II
1712:Jaques, Tony (2006).
1400:, the Police and the
1208:
1154:Type 39 torpedo boats
1052:, which had departed
965:and the scuttling of
223:506 killed or drowned
218:Casualties and losses
175:George Voelcker
4958:Surrender of Germany
4436:Battle of West Hubei
4393:Guadalcanal campaign
4363:Battle of Stalingrad
4289:Battle of Madagascar
3063:Albania protectorate
2850:(formerly Swaziland)
2559:Wehrmacht war crimes
2375:Expulsion of Germans
2159:Art and World War II
2057:British contribution
2006:Governments in exile
1769:Tabb, Peter (2005).
1610:Sussex History Forum
1580:. naval-history.net.
1353:returned to port in
227:1 destroyer scuttled
225:1 light cruiser sunk
100:48.88333°N 3.46667°W
5153:October 1943 events
5048:Potsdam Declaration
4937:Italy (Spring 1945)
4700:Liberation of Paris
4157:Siege of Sevastopol
3175:(until August 1944)
3078:Wang Jingwei regime
2900:from September 1943
2860:from September 1944
2798:from September 1944
2658:Romanian war crimes
2649:Persecution of Jews
2635:Croatian war crimes
2605:Japanese war crimes
2419:Occupation of Japan
2368:First Indochina War
2080:Military production
1992:Declarations of war
1716:. Greenwood Press.
1697:. Mayflower Books.
1546:. naval-history.net
1341:for this action by
1235:Friedrich-Karl Paul
920:Battle of Sept-Îles
309:Blockade of Germany
96: /
26:Battle of Sept-Îles
5041:Surrender of Japan
4874:Battle of Iwo Jima
4723:Belgrade offensive
4136:Siege of Leningrad
4020:Battle of Shanggao
3949:British Somaliland
3914:Dunkirk evacuation
3865:Norwegian campaign
3803:Invasion of Poland
3630:Japanese prisoners
2598:Italian war crimes
2529:British war crimes
2444:Soviet occupations
2228:South-West Pacific
2115:Allied cooperation
2073:Military equipment
1578:World War 2 at Sea
1498:O'Hara pp. 273–274
1215:
105:48.88333; -3.46667
64:22-23 October 1943
5128:Conflicts in 1943
5115:
5114:
5073:
5072:
4916:Battle of Okinawa
4815:Burma (1944–1945)
4649:Mariana and Palau
4429:Tunisian campaign
4254:Fall of Singapore
4178:Fall of Hong Kong
3921:Battle of Britain
3774:Operation Himmler
3683:
3682:
3347:Dutch East Indies
2990:Southern Rhodesia
2742:
2741:
2642:Genocide of Serbs
2545:German war crimes
2522:Soviet war crimes
2515:Allied war crimes
2361:Division of Korea
2340:Chinese Civil War
2138:Strategic bombing
2050:Manhattan Project
1799:978-1-86019-983-7
1780:978-0-7110-3113-5
1742:978-1-55750-905-5
1723:978-0-313-33536-5
1695:Destroyer Captain
1685:978-0-85177-146-5
1525:Lambert pp. 97–98
1507:Hill, p. 139–140.
1454:O'Hara pp. 275–76
1413:Destroyer Captain
1383:German occupation
913:
912:
269:Atlantic campaign
234:
233:
213:1 blockade runner
123:
122:
5165:
5108:
5101:
5094:
5091:World portal
5089:
5088:
5064:
5057:
5050:
5043:
5034:
5027:
5020:
5011:
5004:
4997:
4990:
4983:
4976:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4951:Prague offensive
4946:
4944:Battle of Berlin
4939:
4932:
4925:
4918:
4911:
4904:
4897:
4890:
4888:Vienna offensive
4883:
4876:
4869:
4867:Battle of Manila
4862:
4842:
4833:
4824:
4817:
4808:
4801:
4794:
4787:
4780:
4773:
4766:
4757:
4748:
4741:
4732:
4725:
4718:
4711:
4702:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4660:
4651:
4644:
4635:
4626:
4617:
4610:
4608:Korsun–Cherkassy
4603:
4592:
4570:
4561:
4554:
4547:
4540:
4533:
4526:
4519:
4510:
4503:
4496:
4489:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4452:
4450:Bombing of Gorky
4445:
4438:
4431:
4411:
4404:
4395:
4388:
4381:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4340:
4333:
4326:
4319:
4317:Battle of Midway
4312:
4305:
4303:Battle of Gazala
4298:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4236:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4213:Battle of Borneo
4208:
4206:Malayan campaign
4201:
4194:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4166:
4159:
4152:
4150:Bombing of Gorky
4145:
4143:Battle of Moscow
4138:
4131:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4103:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4059:
4052:
4043:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4015:
3995:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3944:
3937:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3907:Battle of France
3902:
3895:
3888:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3760:Munich Agreement
3755:
3748:
3739:
3732:
3725:
3716:
3709:
3694:
3676:
3669:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3645:Soviet prisoners
3639:
3632:
3625:
3616:
3609:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3585:German prisoners
3581:
3561:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3533:
3526:
3519:
3512:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3484:
3477:
3470:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3433:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3384:
3377:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3176:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3145:
3138:
3130:
3123:
3121:French Indochina
3116:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3065:
3045:
3036:
3029:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2968:from August 1944
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2851:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2808:
2801:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2753:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2705:
2694:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2660:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2612:Nanjing Massacre
2607:
2600:
2591:
2589:Nuremberg trials
2582:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2497:
2490:
2483:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2391:
2384:
2377:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2342:
2322:
2313:
2306:
2299:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2202:
2195:
2193:Asia and Pacific
2175:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2124:
2122:Mulberry harbour
2117:
2110:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2059:
2052:
2045:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1964:
1957:
1942:
1930:
1923:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1828:
1822:
1803:
1784:
1765:
1746:
1727:
1708:
1689:
1661:
1660:Hill pp. 167–176
1658:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1636:
1630:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1569:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1535:
1526:
1523:
1508:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1483:
1480:
1467:
1464:
1455:
1452:
1309:
1274:scored a hit on
1091:fleet destroyers
304:Northern Barrage
272:
270:
260:
253:
246:
237:
191:
190:
181:
174:
173:
158:
154:
152:
151:
140:
138:
137:
111:
110:
108:
107:
106:
101:
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
58:
57:
47:
23:
5173:
5172:
5168:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5163:
5162:
5118:
5117:
5116:
5111:
5104:
5097:
5083:
5081:
5069:
5060:
5053:
5046:
5039:
5030:
5023:
5016:
5007:
5002:Atomic bombings
5000:
4993:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4963:
4956:
4949:
4942:
4935:
4928:
4921:
4914:
4907:
4900:
4893:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4865:
4858:
4845:
4838:
4827:
4820:
4813:
4804:
4797:
4790:
4783:
4776:
4769:
4760:
4751:
4744:
4735:
4728:
4721:
4714:
4705:
4698:
4693:Eastern Romania
4691:
4686:Warsaw Uprising
4684:
4679:Tannenberg Line
4677:
4670:
4665:Western Ukraine
4663:
4654:
4647:
4638:
4629:
4620:
4613:
4606:
4595:
4586:
4573:
4566:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4515:
4506:
4499:
4492:
4483:
4476:
4469:
4462:
4457:Battle of Kursk
4455:
4448:
4441:
4434:
4427:
4414:
4407:
4398:
4391:
4384:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4345:
4336:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4268:St Nazaire Raid
4266:
4259:
4252:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4176:
4169:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4141:
4134:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4106:
4092:
4083:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4050:Anglo-Iraqi War
4048:
4041:Battle of Crete
4039:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4011:
3998:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3970:Eastern Romania
3968:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3912:
3905:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3850:
3843:
3836:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3788:
3779:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3712:
3705:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3656:
3649:
3644:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3612:
3605:
3596:
3589:
3584:
3577:
3564:
3557:
3548:
3541:
3536:
3531:Western Ukraine
3529:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3480:
3475:Northeast China
3473:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3445:
3438:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3366:
3359:
3352:
3345:
3338:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3213:
3200:
3193:
3186:
3181:Slovak Republic
3179:
3171:
3164:
3157:
3152:Empire of Japan
3150:
3141:
3133:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3068:
3061:
3048:
3041:
3032:
3025:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2962:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2854:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2792:
2785:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2738:
2729:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2697:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2664:Sexual violence
2663:
2656:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2624:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2596:
2587:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2500:
2493:
2486:
2479:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2442:
2433:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2394:
2387:
2382:Greek Civil War
2380:
2373:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2325:
2318:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2207:South-East Asia
2205:
2198:
2191:
2178:
2171:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2066:Military awards
2064:
2055:
2048:
2041:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1960:
1953:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1891:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1860:
1855:
1825:
1819:
1806:
1800:
1787:
1781:
1768:
1762:
1749:
1743:
1730:
1724:
1711:
1705:
1692:
1686:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1571:
1570:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1537:
1536:
1529:
1524:
1511:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1486:
1481:
1470:
1465:
1458:
1453:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1375:
1307:
1293:
1241:failed and she
1189:
1160:, commanded by
1068:commanding the
1046:blockade runner
987:
948:blockade runner
936:English Channel
926:as part of the
916:
915:
914:
909:
316:
273:
268:
266:
264:
226:
224:
212:
211:5 torpedo boats
210:
205:
204:1 light cruiser
185:
177:
168:
149:
147:
146:
135:
133:
104:
102:
98:
95:
90:
87:
85:
83:
82:
81:
48:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5171:
5169:
5161:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5120:
5119:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5109:
5102:
5095:
5078:
5075:
5074:
5071:
5070:
5068:
5067:
5066:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5021:
5018:South Sakhalin
5014:
5013:
5012:
4998:
4991:
4984:
4977:
4970:
4969:
4968:
4954:
4947:
4940:
4933:
4926:
4919:
4912:
4905:
4898:
4891:
4884:
4877:
4870:
4863:
4855:
4853:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4818:
4811:
4810:
4809:
4795:
4788:
4781:
4774:
4767:
4758:
4749:
4742:
4733:
4726:
4719:
4712:
4703:
4696:
4689:
4682:
4675:
4668:
4661:
4652:
4645:
4636:
4627:
4618:
4611:
4604:
4593:
4583:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4564:
4563:
4562:
4555:
4541:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4497:
4490:
4481:
4474:
4467:
4460:
4453:
4446:
4443:Battle of Attu
4439:
4432:
4424:
4422:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4405:
4396:
4389:
4382:
4373:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4334:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4249:
4247:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4192:Battle of Guam
4188:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4160:
4153:
4146:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4115:Battle of Kiev
4111:
4104:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4030:
4023:
4016:
4008:
4006:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3987:
3980:
3973:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3860:
3858:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3798:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3763:
3756:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3733:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3702:
3700:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3654:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3626:
3619:
3618:
3617:
3614:United Kingdom
3610:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3582:
3574:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3546:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3308:
3300:
3298:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3281:
3274:
3267:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3210:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3088:
3081:
3074:
3066:
3058:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3018:British Empire
3011:United Kingdom
3007:
3000:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2864:
2852:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2827:Czechoslovakia
2823:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2761:
2759:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2727:
2724:Rape of Manila
2720:
2713:
2706:
2695:
2680:
2673:
2661:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2645:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2601:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2576:
2562:
2555:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2510:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2495:United Nations
2491:
2484:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2440:
2431:
2422:
2415:
2408:
2401:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2354:Decolonization
2350:
2343:
2335:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2300:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2254:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2188:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2118:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2046:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2030:
2027:United Kingdom
2023:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1950:
1948:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1873:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1846:
1839:
1831:
1824:
1823:
1817:
1804:
1798:
1785:
1779:
1766:
1760:
1747:
1741:
1728:
1722:
1709:
1703:
1690:
1684:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1653:
1631:
1622:
1597:
1583:
1557:
1538:Gordon Smith.
1527:
1509:
1500:
1484:
1468:
1456:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1374:
1371:
1339:Knight's Cross
1292:
1289:
1188:
1185:
986:
983:
911:
910:
908:
907:
902:
897:
892:
879:
878:
873:
868:
863:
855:
850:
839:
838:
837:
836:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
778:
777:
772:
767:
762:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
696:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
566:
561:
556:
551:
544:
539:
534:
532:2nd Happy Time
529:
516:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
474:
473:
466:
464:Denmark Strait
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
423:
422:
410:
405:
394:
393:
388:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
349:1st Happy Time
346:
341:
330:
329:
318:
317:
311:
306:
301:
300:
299:
294:
289:
278:
275:
274:
265:
263:
262:
255:
248:
240:
232:
231:
228:
220:
219:
215:
214:
209:6 minesweepers
207:
201:
200:
196:
195:
183:
165:
164:
160:
159:
144:
142:United Kingdom
130:
129:
125:
124:
121:
120:
119:German victory
117:
113:
112:
72:
70:
66:
65:
62:
54:
53:
40:
39:
28:
27:
21:
20:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5170:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5148:Night battles
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5107:
5103:
5100:
5096:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5080:
5079:
5076:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5052:
5049:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5033:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5025:Kuril Islands
5022:
5019:
5015:
5010:
5006:
5005:
5003:
4999:
4996:
4992:
4989:
4985:
4982:
4978:
4975:
4971:
4966:
4962:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4952:
4948:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4934:
4931:
4927:
4924:
4920:
4917:
4913:
4910:
4906:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4892:
4889:
4885:
4882:
4878:
4875:
4871:
4868:
4864:
4861:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4841:
4837:
4832:
4831:
4826:
4825:
4823:
4819:
4816:
4812:
4807:
4803:
4802:
4800:
4796:
4793:
4792:Syrmian Front
4789:
4786:
4782:
4779:
4775:
4772:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4750:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4738:Market Garden
4734:
4731:
4727:
4724:
4720:
4717:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4704:
4701:
4697:
4694:
4690:
4687:
4683:
4680:
4676:
4673:
4669:
4666:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4653:
4650:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4619:
4616:
4612:
4609:
4605:
4602:
4598:
4597:Monte Cassino
4594:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4569:
4565:
4560:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4518:
4514:
4509:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4498:
4495:
4491:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4479:
4475:
4472:
4468:
4465:
4461:
4458:
4454:
4451:
4447:
4444:
4440:
4437:
4433:
4430:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4397:
4394:
4390:
4387:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4374:
4371:
4367:
4364:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4335:
4332:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4321:
4318:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4283:
4279:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4265:
4262:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4246:
4242:
4235:
4231:
4228:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4210:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4186:
4182:
4179:
4175:
4172:
4168:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4154:
4151:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4095:
4091:
4086:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4075:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4061:
4058:
4054:
4051:
4047:
4042:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4028:
4024:
4021:
4017:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4005:
4001:
3994:
3993:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3974:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3963:Baltic states
3960:
3957:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3932:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3918:
3915:
3911:
3908:
3904:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3890:
3887:
3883:
3880:
3876:
3873:
3869:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3853:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3821:
3818:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3791:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3771:
3768:
3764:
3761:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3715:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3686:
3675:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3620:
3615:
3611:
3608:
3607:United States
3604:
3599:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3580:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3571:
3567:
3560:
3556:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3543:Quốc dân Đảng
3540:
3539:
3535:
3532:
3528:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3514:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3500:
3497:
3493:
3490:
3486:
3483:
3479:
3476:
3472:
3469:
3465:
3462:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3444:
3441:
3437:
3432:
3428:
3425:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3390:
3386:
3383:
3379:
3376:
3372:
3369:
3365:
3362:
3358:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3334:
3330:
3327:
3323:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3309:
3306:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3254:
3251:
3247:
3244:
3243:Liechtenstein
3240:
3237:
3233:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3219:
3216:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3196:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3051:
3044:
3040:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:United States
3024:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2919:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2732:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2717:Comfort women
2714:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2701: /
2700:
2696:
2693:
2690: /
2689:
2686: /
2685:
2681:
2678:
2677:Camp brothels
2674:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:The Holocaust
2563:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2552:forced labour
2549:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2485:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2405:Marshall Plan
2402:
2399:
2398:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2321:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2259:
2258:Eastern Front
2255:
2252:
2251:Western Front
2248:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2145:Puppet states
2142:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2095:
2091:
2088:
2087:Naval history
2084:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2034:United States
2031:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1852:
1847:
1845:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1820:
1818:1-55750-302-8
1814:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1773:. Ian Allan.
1772:
1767:
1763:
1761:1-59114-651-8
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1706:
1704:0-583-12875-0
1700:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1657:
1654:
1641:
1635:
1632:
1626:
1623:
1611:
1607:
1601:
1598:
1594:. p. 33.
1593:
1587:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1504:
1501:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1466:Jaques p. 738
1463:
1461:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1361:by fire from
1360:
1359:Cap Blanc Nez
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1162:Franz Kohlauf
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:Ralph Leatham
991:
984:
982:
980:
976:
975:
971:
968:
964:
963:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
940:light cruiser
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
890:
886:
885:
884:
883:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
861:
856:
854:
853:26 April 1944
851:
849:
846:
845:
844:
843:
835:
834:Bay of Biscay
832:
831:
830:
829:
825:
823:
822:SL 140/MKS 31
820:
818:
817:SL 139/MKS 30
815:
813:
812:SL 138/MKS 28
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
797:ONS 20/ON 206
795:
793:
790:
788:
787:ONS 18/ON 202
785:
783:
780:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
757:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
745:HX 229/SC 122
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
702:
701:
700:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
638:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
571:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
549:
545:
543:
540:
538:
537:Torpedo Alley
535:
533:
530:
528:
527:
523:
522:
521:
520:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
472:
471:
467:
465:
462:
461:
460:
459:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
421:
418:
417:
416:
415:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
399:
398:
392:
389:
387:
386:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
336:
335:
334:
328:
325:
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4860:Vistula–Oder
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3591:Soviet Union
3517:Soviet Union
3285:Vatican City
3195:Vichy France
3100:German Reich
2997:Soviet Union
2983:South Africa
2976:Sierra Leone
2929:Newfoundland
2748:Participants
2731:Marocchinate
2435:
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2274:North Africa
2235:Indian Ocean
2094:Nazi plunder
1985:Cryptography
1858:World War II
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1667:Bibliography
1656:
1644:. Retrieved
1634:
1625:
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1548:. Retrieved
1543:
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1482:Watts p. 197
1420:
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1347:German Cross
1343:Adolf Hitler
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900:5–6 May 1945
895:Point Judith
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297:St. Lawrence
206:6 destroyers
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128:Belligerents
37:World War II
31:Part of the
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4830:Bodenplatte
4716:Gothic Line
3942:West Africa
3489:Philippines
3468:Netherlands
3333:Czech lands
3271:Switzerland
3215:Afghanistan
3166:Philippines
3034:Puerto Rico
2950:Philippines
2936:New Zealand
2922:Netherlands
2875:Free France
2626:Prosecution
2427:Osoaviakhim
2297:West Africa
2281:East Africa
1928:Conferences
1642:. BBC.co.uk
1629:Tabb p. 129
1351:Münsterland
1247:Wensleydale
1200:Wensleydale
1192:Münsterland
1150:Münsterland
1136:Six German
1130:Stevenstone
1118:Wensleydale
1062:Münsterland
1050:Münsterland
1007:Wensleydale
858:Capture of
621:Bell Island
570:Connecticut
385:Nordseetour
327:River Plate
103: /
5122:Categories
4930:West Hunan
4763:Pointblank
4099:Silver Fox
4085:Summer War
3838:Winter War
3817:Phoney War
3598:Azerbaijan
3559:Yugoslavia
3454:Luxembourg
3296:Resistance
3043:Yugoslavia
2908:Luxembourg
2710:Sook Ching
2506:War crimes
2108:Technology
2101:Opposition
2043:Lend-Lease
2020:Australian
2013:Home front
1971:Blitzkrieg
1921:Casualties
1912:Commanders
1884:Operations
1792:. Caxton.
1615:19 October
1427:References
1394:Sea Cadets
1355:Saint-Malo
1297:Roger Hill
1144:-equipped
1107:Hunt-class
1066:Roger Hill
985:Background
967:Hunt-class
944:Royal Navy
938:between a
526:Postmaster
458:Rheinübung
91:03°28′00″W
88:48°53′00″N
4995:Manchuria
4881:Indochina
4657:Bagration
4108:Lithuania
3753:Anschluss
3550:Viet Minh
3447:Lithuania
3389:Hong Kong
3159:Manchukuo
3114:Azad Hind
2773:Australia
2573:Aftermath
2436:Paperclip
2331:Aftermath
2131:Total war
1999:Diplomacy
1962:In Europe
1432:Citations
1421:Limbourne
1417:Charybdis
1409:Grenville
1402:Red Cross
1320:Limbourne
1316:Limbourne
1312:Charybdis
1305:Limbourne
1301:Grenville
1291:Aftermath
1284:Charybdis
1276:Limbourne
1266:Charybdis
1259:Charybdis
1251:Grenville
1239:ring main
1227:Charybdis
1222:Charybdis
1211:Charybdis
1196:Charybdis
1181:Charybdis
1148:escorted
1112:Limbourne
1105:and four
1096:Grenville
1094:HMS
1089:were the
1087:Charybdis
1078:Charybdis
1076:HMS
1070:Grenville
1035:Grenville
1011:Grenville
1003:Tanatside
999:Limbourne
974:Limbourne
970:destroyer
962:Charybdis
960:HMS
952:flotillas
932:Sept-Îles
828:Stonewall
802:Sept-Îles
755:Black May
658:SG 6/LN 6
314:Gibraltar
292:Caribbean
75:Sept-Îles
5106:Category
5055:document
4965:document
4822:Ardennes
4806:Budapest
4754:Crossbow
4632:Overlord
4471:Smolensk
3689:Timeline
3524:Slovakia
3510:Thailand
3361:Ethiopia
3326:Bulgaria
3250:Portugal
3188:Thailand
3070:Bulgaria
2848:Eswatini
2841:Ethiopia
2794:Bulgaria
2619:Unit 731
2580:Response
2397:Keelhaul
2347:Cold War
2320:Americas
2311:timeline
2304:Atlantic
2184:Theaters
1646:3 August
1550:3 August
1379:Guernsey
1328:Talybont
1324:scuttled
1280:magazine
1213:underway
1177:Brittany
1124:Talybont
1083:Plymouth
889:Teardrop
848:Lyme Bay
559:27 March
470:Bismarck
282:Americas
199:Strength
73:off the
69:Location
51:Brittany
5032:Shumshu
4799:Hungary
4746:Estonia
4730:Lapland
4708:Dragoon
4641:Neptune
4623:Ichi-Go
4589:Tempest
4531:Changde
4486:Cottage
4378:Jubilee
4094:Finland
3992:Compass
3698:Prelude
3651:Finland
3537:Vietnam
3503:Romania
3375:Germany
3354:Estonia
3340:Denmark
3319:Belgium
3312:Austria
3305:Albania
3236:Ireland
3222:Andorra
3206:Neutral
3173:Romania
3107:Hungary
3092:Finland
2964:Romania
2856:Finland
2834:Denmark
2780:Belgium
2766:Algeria
2472:Romania
2458:Hungary
2214:Pacific
1938:General
1892:Leaders
1877:Battles
1870:Outline
1733:Warship
1257:struck
1187:Contact
1156:of the
1085:. With
1033:, with
979:British
954:of the
637:Laconia
548:Neuland
442:4 April
179:†
156:Germany
5009:Debate
4981:Taipei
4974:Borneo
4552:Tarawa
3746:Europe
3707:Africa
3496:Poland
3482:Norway
3461:Malaya
3440:Latvia
3382:Greece
3368:France
3264:Sweden
3229:Bhutan
2957:Poland
2943:Norway
2915:Mexico
2882:Greece
2868:France
2806:Canada
2787:Brazil
2757:Allies
2703:Serbia
2692:Poland
2465:Poland
2451:Baltic
2244:Europe
1946:Topics
1898:Allied
1815:
1796:
1777:
1758:
1739:
1720:
1701:
1682:
1381:. The
1373:Legacy
1332:Rocket
1243:listed
1102:Rocket
1039:Ulster
1015:Ulster
876:BX 141
866:HX 300
807:ON 207
792:SC 143
775:SC 130
770:SC 129
765:HX 237
750:HX 231
735:HX 228
730:SC 121
720:ON 166
715:SC 118
693:ON 154
688:ON 153
683:ON 144
678:SC 107
673:SL 125
668:HX 212
663:SC 104
648:SC 100
631:ON 127
616:ON 122
606:ON 115
601:ON 113
581:6 June
508:HX 156
478:HX 133
452:HX 126
447:OB 318
437:HX 112
432:OB 293
420:HX 106
414:Berlin
153:
139:
116:Result
79:France
4785:Leyte
4615:Narva
4601:Anzio
4559:Makin
4517:Burma
4401:Torch
4370:Rzhev
4331:Kiska
3417:Korea
3403:Japan
3396:Italy
3278:Tibet
3257:Spain
3135:Italy
2896:Italy
2889:India
2813:China
2688:Japan
2288:Italy
2200:China
2152:Women
1367:Dover
1308:'
1142:radar
1058:latex
1054:Brest
871:WEP 3
860:U-505
782:Faith
760:ONS 5
740:UGS 6
710:SG 19
643:SQ 36
626:QS 33
611:SC 94
596:QS 15
591:SL 78
586:HG 84
576:ON 92
564:OG 82
554:ON 67
542:SC 67
513:HG 76
503:SC 48
498:HG 73
493:SC 42
488:OG 71
483:OG 69
427:HG 53
408:SC 20
403:SC 19
391:HX 90
379:HX 84
374:HX 79
364:HX 72
354:HX 65
344:HX 49
339:HX 47
4851:1945
4579:1944
4420:1943
4348:Blue
4338:Attu
4245:1942
4004:1941
3856:1940
3794:1939
3723:Asia
3570:POWs
3410:Jews
3128:Iraq
3054:Axis
3004:Tuva
2820:Cuba
1905:Axis
1813:ISBN
1794:ISBN
1775:ISBN
1756:ISBN
1737:ISBN
1718:ISBN
1699:ISBN
1680:ISBN
1648:2012
1617:2014
1552:2012
1419:and
1387:Nazi
1249:and
1127:and
1099:and
1037:and
1031:T-27
1027:T-25
1023:T-23
1019:T-22
1013:and
1005:and
918:The
882:1945
842:1944
725:UC 1
705:TM 1
699:1943
519:1942
397:1941
369:SC 7
359:SC 2
333:1940
321:1939
230:none
61:Date
1365:at
1299:of
1271:T22
1255:T27
1231:T23
1173:nmi
35:of
5124::
4599:/
1608:.
1576:.
1560:^
1542:.
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1487:^
1471:^
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1439:^
1423:.
1396:,
1268:,
1169:kn
1164:.
1133:.
1121:,
1115:,
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1554:.
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