509:
688:
44:
121:
108:
738:
617:
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made it possible for the
Russians to clear them quickly. Inadequate sounding of the Swede's selected battleground caused several Swedish ships to run aground during the battle. The Swedes might have been victorious at Svensksund in 1789 had the king allowed Ehrensvärd to withdraw to Svartholm after
703:
allowed Swedes to defeat Ivan Balle's squadron. Early defeat of Balle's squadron allowed most of the
Swedish fleet to reach the safety of Svartholm fortress and regroup for later battles. Navigation of the shallow yet unobstructed narrow between Tiutine and Koiromsari by Giulio Litta's small galley
628:
ships in the narrow passages on 23 August. Failure to blockade all the narrow passages made this operation unsuccessful. Action between main elements of the
Swedish archipelago fleet and the Russian squadron led by Balle started at 10:00 on 24 August and the artillery duel continued for six hours
695:
Total
Swedish losses were three turuma archipelago frigates, one hemmema archipelago frigate, one light frigate, one galley, one half-galley, one schooner, nine gun sloops and thirty transport and auxiliary vessels. Roughly 1500 Swedes were killed, wounded or captured during the battle. A field
637:
The
Russian coastal fleet had meanwhile approached from the east and was probing its way through the Swedish blockade under fire. Advantage shifted from the defenders to the attackers at 16:00 when the right wing of the Russian coastal fleet led by Giolio Litta penetrated the unblockaded narrow
696:
hospital was formed for another 500 sick Swedes unable to evacuate. Russian losses were one galley and one gun sloop blown up. Russians recaptured all ships from Balle's squadron captured by Swedes early in the battle. Their casualties were 383 men killed, 628 injured and 22 captured.
715:'s opposition to his plan. Ehrensvärd's decision not to blockade the narrow between Tiutine and Koiromsari due to his belief that it was too shallow to navigate was a crucial error; and delayed construction of obstacles in the straits opening towards
314:
607:
with a total of 12000 men plus those aboard auxiliaries. The
Russian coastal fleet was supported by a squadron of three frigates, seven xebecs, and two dozen smaller ships from the open sea fleet commanded by Ivan Balle.
568:. The fleet had 5,000 men plus those aboard auxiliaries and transports. Swedish strength was dispersed defending the whole length of the coastline. The Swedish open sea fleet failed to defeat the Russian fleet at
1003:
711:
prevented two archipelago frigates, roughly twenty galleys, and several gun sloops and yawls from reaching
Svensksund in August 1789. Ehrensvärd's preparations for defense were hampered by King
307:
638:
passage between
Majasaari (Koiromsari) and Tiutine. The Russian attack forced Swedish ships guarding the blockade to withdraw allowing the Russians to clear remaining blockade obstacles.
300:
748:
679:, and a gun sloop were also captured. Swedish auxiliaries and transport vessels trapped north of island of Kotka were burned to prevent their capture.
1023:
403:
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before the initial
Russian attack from the south was beaten back with Russians losing three ships captured and several others badly damaged.
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was aware his fleet was running low on ammunition when he gave the order to fight against the main force of the
Russian coastal fleet.
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Russians gained a clear victory but failed to inflict decisive defeat on the Swedish archipelago fleet. A delayed attack by
663:
when it became clear that Russians had beaten the blockade. Several other ships were lost during the withdrawal. The turuma
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at the start of the battle, ran aground and struck its colors after bravely fighting nearly to the last man. The frigate
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The Swedish fleet prepared for Russian numerical superiority by creating blockades of
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which had come to its aid. The Swedish archipelago fleet withdrew into the safety of
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Several factors contributed to the Swedish defeat. A successful Russian blockade at
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The Swedish fleet at Svensksund consisted of one light, shallow draft,
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691:
Battle of Svensksund 1789, as depicted in Nordischer Kriegsschauplaz
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and was unable to clear Russian ships from the Porkkala region.
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force was the crucial factor in Russian success at Svensksund.
296:
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defeating Balle's squadron as Ehrensvärd had planned. King
942:] (in Finnish). Jyväskylä: K. J. Gummerus Osakeyhtiö.
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which had run aground while defending the blockades and
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868:В. Д. Доценко. Морские битвы России. СПб, 2002, c. 67
1004:Naval battles of the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790)
28:
19:For the 1790 battle at the same location, see
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8:
764:introducing citations to additional sources
268:30 auxiliaries vessels torched after battle
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575:The Russian coastal fleet consisted of a
754:Relevant discussion may be found on the
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906:
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853:
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827:
512:Naval engagement near Korkiansary, 1789
29:First battle of Svensksund / Rochensalm
48:Battle of Svensksund August 24, 1789
7:
492:, outside the present-day city of
14:
552:archipelago frigate, with twenty
496:, on August 24, 1789, during the
775:"Battle of Svensksund" 1789
747:relies largely or entirely on a
736:
119:
106:
42:
701:Karl Heinrich von Nassau-Siegen
1024:Naval battles involving Sweden
667:, which had been Ehrensvärd's
152:Charles Henry of Nassau-Siegen
1:
498:Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790)
16:Part of the Russo-Swedish War
36:Russo-Swedish War (1788–90)
1040:
940:Sea protecting our country
633:Second phase of the battle
620:First battle of Svensksund
466:First Battle of Rochensalm
462:First Battle of Svensksund
18:
612:First phase of the battle
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245:
161:
132:
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57:
41:
33:
934:Mattila, Tapani (1983).
52:Johan Tietrich Schoultz
1019:History of Kymenlaakso
692:
641:Russians captured the
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255:5 archipelago frigates
139:Carl August Ehrensvärd
133:Commanders and leaders
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661:fortress at Svartholm
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511:
404:Pardakoski–Kärnakoski
246:Casualties and losses
127:Imperial Russian Navy
65:August 24 (August 15
760:improve this article
464:, also known as the
172:Archipelago frigates
21:Battle of Svensksund
971: /
936:Meri maamme turvana
897:, pp. 172–173.
856:, pp. 170–172.
143:Carl Olof Cronstedt
82:, southern Finland)
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157:Count Giulio Litta
999:Conflicts in 1789
825:
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650:Enrique MacDonell
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325:Russo-Swedish War
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147:Enrique MacDonell
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78:Svensksund, (now
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975:60.45°N 26.99°E
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472:version of the
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210:24 Larger ships
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91:Russian victory
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1014:1789 in Europe
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919:Mattila (1983)
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909:, p. 188.
907:Mattila (1983)
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895:Mattila (1983)
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885:, p. 170.
883:Mattila (1983)
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854:Mattila (1983)
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842:Mattila (1983)
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816:September 2014
758:. Please help
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980:60.45; 26.99
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928:Bibliography
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646:Sällan Värre
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597:half-galleys
589:bomb vessels
574:
515:
482:naval battle
478:Ruotsinsalmi
477:
465:
461:
459:
414:Fredrikshamn
394:Baltischport
379:Svensksund I
378:
215:Bomb vessels
114:Swedish Navy
100:Belligerents
34:Part of the
978: /
591:, eighteen
354:Porrassalmi
327:(1788–1790)
284:22 captured
282:628 wounded
277:1 gun sloop
237:Auxiliaries
200:Auxiliaries
993:Categories
786:newspapers
728:References
722:Gustav III
713:Gustav III
603:and three
601:gun sloops
554:gun sloops
544:, and one
490:Baltic Sea
444:Vyborg Bay
439:Björkösund
424:Savitaipal
280:383 killed
241:12,000 men
227:Gun sloops
184:Gun sloops
155:Ivan Balle
756:talk page
683:Aftermath
675:, turuma
673:af Trolle
599:, twelve
564:and five
468:from the
429:Kronstadt
369:Parkumäki
359:Uttismalm
264:1,500 men
258:2 galleys
204:5,000 men
709:Porkkala
669:flagship
626:scuttled
587:, three
579:, eight
536:, three
480:, was a
434:Uransari
399:Valkeala
364:Kaipiais
349:Kvistrum
274:1 galley
162:Strength
74:Location
966:26°59′E
963:60°27′N
800:scholar
677:Ragvald
654:hemmema
605:cutters
593:galleys
583:, five
577:frigate
566:galleys
560:, four
556:, four
532:hemmema
524:turumas
518:frigate
488:in the
474:Finnish
470:Russian
344:Kilduin
339:Hogland
251:Battle:
233:Cutters
221:Galleys
178:Galleys
69:), 1789
946:
802:
795:
788:
781:
773:
643:turuma
581:xebecs
548:pojoma
540:udemas
528:, one
520:, six
419:Keltis
384:Kalmar
124:
111:
88:Result
1009:Kotka
938:[
807:JSTOR
793:books
585:brigs
570:Öland
494:Kotka
409:Reval
389:Elgsö
374:Öland
80:Kotka
944:ISBN
779:news
657:Oden
460:The
62:Date
762:by
652:'s
225:30
219:47
182:20
170:12
50:by
995::
873:^
861:^
830:^
500:.
476::
231:3
213:3
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188:4
176:5
67:OS
952:.
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814:(
804:·
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766:.
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316:e
309:t
302:v
23:.
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