348:
339:, a Muslim military leader. Each of these powers intrigued with and against the others, and sought to draw the power of the French and British colonial companies to serve their objectives. The colonial powers sought to influence the local powers to gain either direct control of territory, or the revenues from territory nominally controlled by a local ruler beholden to them for financial and military support. Since European military training was significantly better than local practices, small numbers of disciplined European or European-trained forces could defeat significantly larger Indian armies composed mainly of poorly trained infantry and cavalry.
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treaty also laid terms for mutual aid and end of defensive alliance. During the later period of 1791, the town was raged many times by the
British and the Muslim rulers. The British used the temple as a stock house for storing war instruments and canons on account of the impenetrable fort like structure of the temple. Historians believe that the defeats at the Battle of Chengam and the Battle of Tiruvannamalai and further denial of peace by the East India Company, lead to distrust between his son Tipu Sultan and British, which lead to the
267:(1509–1529), the most powerful Vijayanagara emperor, indicating further patronage. The city of Tiruvannamalai was at a strategic crossroads during the Vijayanagara Empire, connecting sacred centers of pilgrimage and military routes. There are inscriptions that show the area as an urban center before the precolonial period, with the city developing around the temple, similar to the Nayak ruled cities like
110:
79:
189:
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After losing the battle, Hyder Ali offered peace with the
British Army, which was denied. He then collated all his army and had another fight that led him close to capture of Madras within a distance of 5 miles. The British had a peace treaty during April 1769 with the status quo ante bellum. The
382:
It was fought on 25 September 1767 between the troops of East India
Company and troops of Hyder Ali. The allied forces of the English army was led by Colonel Smith. The Nawab's army lost 4,000 men and 64 guns in the battle. After a brief tussle for a couple of years,
199:
The history of
Tiruvannamalai revolves around the Annamalaiyar Temple. The recorded history of the city dates back to the ninth century, as seen from a Chola inscriptions in the temple. Further inscriptions made before ninth century indicate the rule of
287:'s death the empire started declining. The empire split among viceroys and other local rulers with bitter fight among each other. In the 1740s and 1750s French and British colonial companies became more active in these local conflicts, and by the
155:
The history of
Tiruvannamalai revolves around the Annamalaiyar Temple. The recorded history of the city dates back to the ninth century, as seen from a Chola inscriptions in the temple. After switching hands from various ruling empires like
2086:
2014:
939:
236:
records both Appar and
Sambandar worshiped Annamalaiyar in the temple. The Chola Kings ruled over the region for more than four centuries, from 850 to 1280, and were temple patrons.
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on 3 September 1767. The
English Army had an upper hand in the battle. A second battle, the Battle of Tiruvannamalai took place on 25 September 1767 that lasted 2 days.
932:
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A Global
Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East [6 volumes]: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East
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who was at that time opposed by an
English army under Col. Todd and Major Fitzerald. Tipu was successful in meeting and rescuing his father near
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rivers. The city was at a strategic crossroads during the
Vijayanagara Empire, connecting sacred centers of pilgrimage and military routes.
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and emerged single largest among other colonial powers. Their eastern holdings at Madras were strongly influenced by treaties with the
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and fought off the invasions from Madurai Sultans and Sultanate governors in the Deccan until 1346. There are 48 inscriptions from the
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148:. It was fought on 25 September 1767 between the allied forces led by the East India Company against the troops of
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Illustrated guide to the South Indian Railway: including the Mayavaram-Mutupet, and Peralam-Karaikkal railways
315:, formerly a vassal of the Mughul Empire but declared nominal independence in the 1720s, held in the 1760s by
243:
kings used Tiruvannamalai as their capital beginning in 1328 as their empire in Karnataka was annexed by the
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During the early eighteenth century, the entire Indian subcontinent was under the control of the
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375:. The allied forces of Hyder Ali were invaded by the British Army under Colonel Smith in
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Haidar Alí and Tipú Sultán, and the Struggle with the Musalmán Powers of the South
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311:, whose territory surrounded Madras. The other major powers in the east were the
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The Battle of Tiruvannamalai is one of the two successful battles fought by the
205:
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When the Tiger Fought the Thistle: The Tragedy of Colonel William Baillie of
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152:. The allied forces of the English army were led by Colonel Smith.
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Syed, Muzaffar Husain; Akhtar, Syed Saud; B D, Usmani (2011).
689:. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. p. 165.
518:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. pp. 191–203.
176:
was a strategic location between the Northern and Southern
335:, control of Mysore had in 1761 come into the hands of
543:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 174.
460:. Madras: Archaeological Survey of India. p. 5.
1957:
1428:
1181:
1042:
594:. Tiruvannamalai Municipality. 2011. Archived from
433:. Tiruvannamalai Municipality. 2011. Archived from
136:is one of the two successful battles fought by the
724:"Sri Arunachaleswara temple: A historical study"
489:. Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012. Archived from
359:, around which the history of the city revolves
23:
2254:Wars involving the British East India Company
1015:
933:
323:, which occupied the high plains between the
8:
651:
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728:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
671:Illustrated guide to Southern Railway 1900
666:
664:
574:
572:
469:
467:
220:wrote of the temple in their poetic work,
20:
425:
423:
759:. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. p. 262.
346:
840:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
541:South India and Her Muhammadan Invaders
419:
830:
820:
592:"Tiruvannamalai – About the town"
255:(1485-1505), and 55 inscriptions from
7:
2249:Wars involving the Kingdom of Mysore
1281:Regulator Movement in North Carolina
251:(1336–1485), two inscriptions from
62:Decisive East India Company victory
806:History of the Mahrattas, Volume 1
539:Aiyangar, Krishnaswami S. (1991).
431:"Tiruvannamali Historical moments"
14:
1030:Colonial conflicts involving the
515:South Indian Shrines: Illustrated
291:(1757–1763), the British gained
120:
108:
89:
77:
1106:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
891:Spencer C. Tucker, ed. (2009).
1209:Father Rale's War/Dummer's War
1:
1606:Black War (Van Diemen's Land)
1450:Castle Hill convict rebellion
2244:Wars involving British India
2239:Wars involving Great Britain
670:
655:
628:
616:
512:Aiyar, P.V.Jagadisa (1982).
487:"Arunachaleswarar Thirukoil"
275:Incidents leading to the war
790:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
709:
683:Gidwani, Bhagwan S (2014).
2275:
2123:Jewish revolt in Palestine
1768:Fenian Rebellion in Canada
1413:Dwyer's guerrilla campaign
1305:American Revolutionary War
803:Duff, James Grant (1878).
395:sent a message to his son
309:Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah
1894:Jameson Raid South Africa
959:
885:battle of tiruvannamalai.
640:
578:
563:
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204:kings, whose capital was
101:
70:
36:
28:
2105:Arab revolt in Palestine
1702:Second Anglo-Burmese War
1444:Second Anglo-Maratha War
1335:Australian frontier wars
756:Concise History of Islam
686:The Sword of Tipu Sultan
456:Southern Circle (1903).
134:Battle of Tiruvannamalai
24:Battle of Tiruvannamalai
2099:Second Mohmand campaign
1834:Third Anglo-Burmese War
1798:Second Anglo-Afghan War
1600:First Anglo-Burmese War
1576:Third Anglo-Maratha War
1407:Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
1317:Second Anglo-Mysore War
1311:First Anglo-Maratha War
855:. The Radcliffe Press.
784:Bowring, Lewin (1899).
2039:Third Anglo-Afghan War
1924:First Mohmand campaign
1648:First Anglo-Afghan War
1347:Third Anglo-Mysore War
951:First Anglo-Mysore War
849:Tritton, Alan (2013).
722:A., Sakthivel (2010).
360:
208:. The seventh century
196:
102:Commanders and leaders
31:First Anglo-Mysore War
1696:Second Anglo-Sikh War
1353:Cotiote (Wayanad) War
1239:French and Indian War
809:. London and Bombay.
391:. During the battle,
350:
191:
2234:History of Karnataka
1858:Hunza–Nagar Campaign
1666:First Anglo-Sikh War
1642:Egyptian–Ottoman War
493:on 24 September 2011
230:, the author of the
2111:Waziristan campaign
2045:Waziristan campaign
1738:Revolt of Rajab Ali
1215:War of Jenkins' Ear
353:Annamalaiyar Temple
321:Sultanate of Mysore
261:Vijayanagara Empire
259:(1505–1571) of the
1985:Bambatha Rebellion
1900:Anglo-Zanzibar War
1888:Chitral Expedition
1822:Anglo-Egyptian War
1594:Anglo-Ashanti wars
1299:Lord Dunmore's War
1257:Anglo-Cherokee War
1166:King William's War
742:– via JSTOR.
598:on 25 January 2013
437:on 29 October 2013
361:
313:Nizam of Hyderabad
289:Third Carnatic War
197:
170:Vijayanagar Empire
96:East India Company
2229:Conflicts in 1767
2216:
2215:
2147:Malayan Emergency
2057:Malabar rebellion
1918:Siege of Malakand
1864:Anglo-Manipur War
1720:Anglo-Persian War
1269:Anglo-Spanish War
1221:King George's War
1142:King Philip's War
1118:Anglo-Spanish War
997:
996:
409:Anglo-Mysore Wars
373:Battle of Chengam
305:Nawab of Carnatic
146:Battle of Chengam
130:
129:
66:
65:
44:25 September 1767
2266:
2165:Cyprus Emergency
1991:Maritz rebellion
1979:Tibet expedition
1912:Benin Expedition
1732:Indian Rebellion
1726:Second Opium War
1708:Eureka Rebellion
1684:British Honduras
1660:New Zealand Wars
1245:Seven Years' War
1191:Queen Anne's War
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879:. 1900. p.
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1529:
1528:Spice Islands
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
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1487:
1486:Santo Domingo
1484:
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1460:
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1279:
1276:
1275:Pontiac's War
1273:
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1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1227:Carnatic Wars
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1197:Tuscarora War
1195:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1186:
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904:9781851096725
900:
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862:9780857722959
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836:
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782:
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766:9789382573470
762:
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749:
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696:9789351186076
692:
688:
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679:
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652:
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646:
643:, pp. 607–608
642:
637:
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569:
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550:81-206-0536-5
546:
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535:
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527:
525:81-206-0151-3
521:
517:
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508:
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492:
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329:Western Ghats
326:
322:
318:
314:
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306:
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298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
281:Mughul Empire
274:
272:
270:
266:
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258:
254:
250:
246:
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237:
235:
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233:Periyapuranam
229:
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61:
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51:
48:
47:
43:
40:
39:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2051:Iraqi Revolt
1906:Matabeleland
1882:North Borneo
1876:Matabeleland
1828:Saskatchewan
1630:Upper Canada
1624:Lower Canada
1582:Persian Gulf
1498:Persian Gulf
1438:Newfoundland
1419:Polygar Wars
1389:Kandyan Wars
1341:Nootka Sound
968:
897:. ABC-CLIO.
893:
884:
871:
851:
805:
786:
755:
748:
731:
727:
717:
705:
685:
678:
656:Tritton 2013
636:
629:Bowring 1899
624:
617:Bowring 1899
612:
600:. Retrieved
596:the original
586:
559:
540:
534:
514:
507:
495:. Retrieved
491:the original
481:
457:
451:
439:. Retrieved
435:the original
405:
381:
362:
278:
238:
231:
221:
198:
154:
133:
131:
126:Joseph Smith
71:Belligerents
29:Part of the
18:
2171:Suez Crisis
2069:Transjordan
1973:West Africa
1950:(1899–1902)
1944:(1898–1901)
1936:Six-Day War
1884:(1894–1905)
1872:(1891–1895)
1852:Mashonaland
1816:Mahdist War
1756:Shimonoseki
1686:(1847–1901)
1596:(1824–1901)
1564:Cape Colony
1462:Cape Colony
1421:(1799–1805)
1415:(1799–1803)
1403:(1798–1800)
1391:(1796–1818)
1365:Cape Colony
1355:(1793–1806)
1337:(1788–1934)
1233:Nova Scotia
1203:Yamasee War
1174:(1694–1700)
1148:Child's War
1136:2nd Tangier
1130:1st Tangier
1126:(1655–1739)
1076:Saint Kitts
1054:(1593–1603)
831:|work=
710:Tucker 2009
658:, pp. 90-91
619:, pp. 19–23
602:29 December
566:2008, p. 82
497:29 December
441:29 December
401:Vaniyambadi
397:Tipu Sultan
385:Tipu Sultan
365:Madras Army
317:Asaf Jah II
206:Kanchipuram
138:Madras Army
53:South India
16:1767 battle
2223:Categories
2075:Pink's War
1967:Somaliland
1804:Basutoland
1558:Guadeloupe
1540:Xhosa Wars
1522:Seychelles
1504:Guadeloupe
1492:Martinique
1359:Rohilkhand
1323:Gold Coast
1293:Rohilkhand
1251:Bengal War
1088:Pequot War
777:References
319:, and the
184:Background
2207:Falklands
2203:(1963–67)
2197:(1962–66)
2191:(1962–90)
2179:(1962–76)
2167:(1955–59)
2161:(1954–59)
2155:(1952–60)
2149:(1948–60)
2143:(1946–50)
2135:Indonesia
2131:(1945–46)
2129:Indochina
2125:(1944–48)
2113:(1936–39)
2107:(1936–39)
2095:(1931–32)
2089:(1930–31)
2083:(1927–30)
2065:(1922–24)
2063:Kurdistan
2047:(1919–20)
2023:(1916–17)
2003:Nyasaland
1999:(1914–15)
1993:(1914–15)
1981:(1903–04)
1975:(1901–02)
1969:(1900–20)
1932:(1897–98)
1926:(1897–98)
1908:(1896–97)
1878:(1893–94)
1842:(1886–89)
1818:(1881–99)
1812:(1880–81)
1806:(1880–81)
1800:(1879–80)
1788:(1875–76)
1774:Abyssinia
1770:(1866–71)
1764:(1864–65)
1752:(1863–64)
1744:Kagoshima
1740:(1857–58)
1734:(1857–59)
1728:(1856–60)
1722:(1856–57)
1716:(1854–56)
1714:Åland War
1698:(1848–49)
1674:(1845–50)
1668:(1845–46)
1662:(1845–72)
1656:(1839–42)
1650:(1839–42)
1644:(1839–41)
1632:(1837–38)
1626:(1837–38)
1620:(1831–33)
1614:(1831–32)
1608:(1828–32)
1602:(1824–26)
1578:(1817–18)
1554:(1814–16)
1548:(1812–15)
1542:(1811–79)
1536:(1810–11)
1516:Mauritius
1488:(1808–09)
1470:(1806–07)
1446:(1803–05)
1409:(1798–99)
1379:(1795–96)
1373:(1795–96)
1349:(1789–92)
1325:(1781–82)
1319:(1779–84)
1313:(1775–82)
1307:(1775–83)
1295:(1773–74)
1289:(1769–73)
1283:(1765–71)
1277:(1763–66)
1271:(1762–63)
1259:(1758–61)
1253:(1756–65)
1247:(1756–63)
1241:(1754–63)
1235:(1749–55)
1229:(1746–63)
1223:(1744–48)
1217:(1740–42)
1211:(1722–25)
1205:(1715–17)
1199:(1711–15)
1193:(1702–13)
1168:(1688–97)
1162:(1688–91)
1150:(1686–90)
1144:(1675–78)
1120:(1654–60)
1114:(1654–67)
1108:(1649–53)
1102:(1641–53)
1090:(1634–38)
1060:(1609–46)
833:ignored (
823:cite book
641:Duff 1878
458:Epigraphy
393:Hyder Ali
387:captured
337:Hyder Ali
228:Sekkizhar
214:Sambandar
194:Hyder Ali
192:Image of
150:Hyder Ali
115:Hyder Ali
2195:Malaysia
2117:Ethiopia
2015:Peshawar
1780:Manitoba
1762:Duar War
1058:Virginia
989:Baugloor
984:Mulwagul
815:23116888
796:11827326
740:44147741
712:, p. 794
673:, p. 304
369:Carnatic
301:Calcutta
162:Pallavas
142:Carnatic
49:Location
2189:Sarawak
2141:Sarawak
2033:Nigeria
2021:Mohmand
2009:Nigeria
1960:century
1618:Malacca
1612:Jamaica
1570:Algiers
1510:Reunion
1456:Surinam
1431:century
1377:Grenada
1371:Jamaica
1263:Jamaica
1184:century
1124:Jamaica
1052:Ireland
1045:century
1032:English
979:Ooscota
964:Chengam
734:: 957.
631:, p. 33
377:Chengam
367:in the
325:Eastern
269:Madurai
241:Hoysala
223:Tevaram
212:saints
210:Nayanar
202:Pallava
166:Hoysala
140:in the
2209:(1982)
2185:(1962)
2183:Brunei
2173:(1956)
2137:(1945)
2119:(1943)
2101:(1935)
2077:(1925)
2071:(1923)
2059:(1921)
2053:(1920)
2041:(1919)
2035:(1918)
2029:(1917)
2027:Quebec
2017:(1915)
2011:(1915)
2005:(1915)
1987:(1906)
1938:(1899)
1920:(1897)
1914:(1897)
1902:(1896)
1896:(1896)
1890:(1895)
1866:(1891)
1860:(1891)
1854:(1890)
1848:(1888)
1846:Hazara
1836:(1885)
1830:(1885)
1824:(1882)
1794:(1879)
1782:(1870)
1776:(1868)
1758:(1864)
1746:(1863)
1710:(1854)
1704:(1852)
1692:(1848)
1690:Ceylon
1680:(1847)
1678:Canton
1638:(1839)
1590:(1823)
1588:Guiana
1584:(1819)
1572:(1816)
1566:(1815)
1560:(1815)
1530:(1810)
1524:(1810)
1518:(1810)
1512:(1810)
1506:(1810)
1500:(1809)
1494:(1809)
1482:(1807)
1476:(1807)
1464:(1806)
1458:(1804)
1452:(1804)
1440:(1800)
1397:(1798)
1385:(1795)
1383:Ceylon
1367:(1795)
1361:(1794)
1343:(1789)
1331:(1786)
1301:(1774)
1265:(1762)
1156:(1687)
1138:(1664)
1132:(1662)
1112:Acadia
1096:(1641)
1084:(1628)
1082:Quebec
1078:(1626)
1072:(1622)
1066:(1612)
1064:Swally
901:
859:
813:
794:
763:
738:
693:
547:
522:
343:Battle
299:, and
297:Madras
293:Bombay
158:Cholas
84:Mysore
59:Result
2087:Tirah
1997:Tochi
1786:Perak
1552:Nepal
1474:Egypt
1401:Malta
1329:Assam
1172:Ghana
1070:Ormuz
974:Ambur
736:JSTOR
415:Notes
218:Appar
178:Penna
2201:Aden
2177:Oman
2159:Oman
1958:20th
1534:Java
1429:19th
1182:18th
1154:Siam
1043:17th
899:ISBN
857:ISBN
842:link
835:help
811:OCLC
792:OCLC
761:ISBN
691:ISBN
604:2012
579:Mack
564:Mack
545:ISBN
520:ISBN
499:2012
474:Mack
443:2012
351:The
327:and
239:The
216:and
132:The
41:Date
1546:USA
881:217
355:in
2225::
883:.
875:.
827::
825:}}
821:{{
732:70
730:.
726:.
663:^
648:^
571:^
466:^
422:^
411:.
403:.
307:,
295:,
271:.
226:.
168:,
164:,
160:,
1034:/
1023:e
1016:t
1009:v
941:e
934:t
927:v
907:.
865:.
844:)
837:)
817:.
798:.
769:.
699:.
606:.
553:.
528:.
501:.
445:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
