406:
243:
111:
38:
393:
bolstered by the timely arrival of fresh reinforcements from Alwar under the command of Haji Khan. Seeing the troop of war elephants and dense cavalry advancing upon them, many of the Mughal officers, including Pir
Muhammad Khan, fled away in terror, much to the chagrin of Tardi Beg. Their capitulation at this crucial moment made the question of further resistance futile and Tardi Beg too decided to flee the scene.
358:, the 13-year-old Akbar's regent, Bairam Khan, realised the gravity of the situation and dispatched his most capable lieutenant, Pir Muhammad Sharwani, to Delhi. Meanwhile, Tardi Beg Khan had also ordered all the Mughal nobles in the vicinity to muster their forces at Delhi. A council of war was convened where it was decided that the Mughals would stand and fight Hemu, and plans were made accordingly.
396:
When the previously victorious Mughal vanguard and left wing returned from their pursuit, they realised that the day was lost and dispersed without offering a fight. The
Afghans had won and Hemu chose not to pursue the fleeing Mughals. He took possession of Delhi after a day's battle on 7 October
392:
Many of Tardi Beg's men believed that the day had been won and dispersed to raid the enemy camp. Hemu, however, had held back 300 of his best elephants and cavalry unit in reserve. Seizing the opportunity, he made a sudden charge upon the now thinly-guarded Tardi Beg with this force. His push was
388:
The
Mughals were almost equal in numbers, put up an ordinary fight against Hemu's forces. What followed proved to be a turning point in the battle as the Mughals involved chose to press their advantage and pursued the Afghan Army so far afield that they lost contact with their main army.
316:, who had risen from humble circumstances to become both Adil Shah's Chief Minister as well as the general of the Suri army. He was in Bengal when Humayun died on 27 January 1556. The Mughal emperor's death provided an ideal opportunity to defeat the Mughals and reclaim lost territory.
301:, who was a capable ruler. However, upon his death in 1553, the Sur Empire was caught up in a succession battle and was plagued by rebellion and the secession of provinces. Humayun made use of this discord to recapture what was lost and on 23 July 1555, the Mughals defeated
312:, had been murdered by his maternal uncle who had taken the throne as Adil Shah Suri. The new ruler was, however, more interested in the pursuit of pleasure than in the affairs of his state. Those were largely left to Hemu, a Hindu from
427:), an appellation used by a number of Hindu kings in India's ancient Vedic past. His reign was to be short-lived as he would again clash with the Mughals only a month later. This time the battlefield would be at
717:
354:, that Hemu had captured Agra and intended to attack Delhi which could not be defended without reinforcements. While the main army could not be spared due to the belligerent presence of
522:
505:
553:
635:
464:
676:
594:
1078:
381:. The Mughals were commanded by Tardi Beg in the centre with Iskandar Beg leading the left wing and Haidar Muhammad, the right. Abdullah Uzbeg commanded the
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405:
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524:
Our Indian Empire and the
Adjacent Countries of Afghanistan, Beloochistan, Persia, Etc., Depicted and Described by Pen and Pencil
20:
446:
Tardi Beg's loss at
Tughlaqabad was not received well in the Mughal camp and Bairam Khan had him murdered shortly thereafter.
219:. The battle ended in a 'victory of Hem Chandra' who took possession of Delhi and claimed royal status, assuming the title of
1088:
258:
had acquired the reputation of being the political centre of India. No ruler could be considered to truly hold sway over
1083:
374:
344:. In Agra, the governor evacuated the city and fled without a fight upon hearing of Hemu's impending invasion.
193:
436:
1073:
286:
in 1540. Delhi and Agra fell into Sher Shah's hands and he razed Din Panah and built his new capital,
737:
696:
655:
614:
573:
532:
484:
355:
350:, who was Humayun's successor, Akbar's governor in Delhi wrote to his masters who were camped at
302:
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1008:
987:
945:
910:
723:
682:
641:
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559:
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173:
120:
977:
278:
at its outskirts. Humayun, however, lost his inheritance when he was chased out of India by
1035:. Translated by Thackston, Wheeler M. Washington, D.C.: Freer Gallery of Art. p. 300.
242:
110:
900:
309:
298:
251:
419:
After taking control of Delhi, Hem
Chandra claimed royal status and assumed the title of
37:
935:
347:
279:
208:
201:
1062:
287:
267:
114:
420:
324:
Hemu started a rapid march from the eastern provinces and drove the
Mughals out of
226:
164:
1030:
1002:
981:
967:
941:
Medieval India: From
Sultanate To The Mughals, Part II: Mughal Empire (1526–1748)
939:
925:
904:
440:
362:
231:
212:
66:
43:
377:, Hemu's forces included 1,000 elephants, 50,000 cavalry, 51 cannons, and 500
283:
1004:
Delhi through the ages: selected essays in urban history, culture and society
351:
275:
136:
365:, a village just outside Delhi where he ran into Tardi Beg Khan's forces.
382:
294:
221:
428:
341:
333:
271:
270:, called it the "capital of all Hindustan", and his son and successor,
124:
329:
325:
313:
192:) was a notable battle fought on 7 October 1556 between a Hindu king
230:. Following his failure, Tardi Beg was executed by Akbar's regent,
432:
404:
337:
263:
255:
241:
216:
204:
88:
197:
141:
92:
361:
Hemu, who had set off in pursuit of Agra's governor, reached
944:(Third ed.). Har-Anand Publications. pp. 91–93.
855:
853:
851:
815:
813:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
828:
1007:. Delhi: Oxford University Press. pp. xxv–xxvii.
983:
The Mughal Empire (The New
Cambridge History of India)
308:
Islam Shah's rightful successor, his 12-year-old son,
527:. London Print. and Publishing Company. p. 108.
1032:
The
Baburnama: memoirs of Babur, prince and emperor
558:. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 83.
431:, not far from the site where Akbar's grandfather,
385:which included in its ranks select Turki cavalry.
305:and finally regained control over Delhi and Agra.
246:Agra Fort won by Hemu before his attack on Delhi.
30:
19:For other battles named Battle of Delhi, see
8:
95:captured by Brahman Hemchandra Vikramaditya.
986:. Cambridge University Press. p. 13.
780:
756:
27:
768:
555:The Muslim Diaspora (Volume 2, 1500-1799)
510:. the Bavarian State Library. p. 66.
883:
871:
859:
819:
804:
507:Akbar and the Rise of the Mughal Empire
455:
297:. He was succeeded by his younger son,
842:
792:
735:
694:
653:
612:
571:
530:
482:
722:. Abhishek Publications. p. 75.
415:portrayal of Hem Chandra Vikramaditya
293:Sher Shah died soon after in 1545 at
7:
972:. Orient Longmans. pp. 448–449.
552:Jenkins, Jr., Everett (7 May 2015).
16:1556 battle between Hemu and Mughals
1079:Battles involving the Mughal Empire
1029:Thackston, Wheeler M., ed. (1995).
909:. Orient Longmans. pp. 66–69.
640:. Mittal Publications. p. 36.
469:. Mittal Publications. p. 36.
927:Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire
521:Martin, Robert Montgomery (1879).
14:
1094:16th century in the Mughal Empire
930:(2nd ed.). pp. 158–177.
634:Bhardwaj, Kanwal Kishore (2000).
463:Bhardwaj, Kanwal Kishore (2000).
637:Hemu: Napoleon of Medieval India
466:Hemu: Napoleon of Medieval India
109:
36:
966:Qanungo, Kalika Ranjan (1965).
262:until he had control of Delhi.
675:Kar, Hemendra Chandra (1980).
1:
924:Tripathi, Ram Prasad (1960).
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599:. Facts on File. p. 77.
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409:
596:A Brief History of Pakistan
1110:
1001:Frykenberg, R. E. (1993).
681:. Firma KLM. p. 283.
18:
1069:Military history of Delhi
906:Military History of India
719:Military History of India
716:Sarkar, Jadunath (2022).
678:Military History of India
593:Wynbrandt, James (2009).
149:
130:
103:
49:
42:The ruins of the fort of
35:
194:Hem Chandra Vikramaditya
969:Sher Shah and his Times
416:
250:Since the days of the
247:
200:and the forces of the
131:Commanders and leaders
1089:16th century in Delhi
408:
266:, the founder of the
245:
186:Battle of Tughlaqabad
31:Battle of Tughlaqabad
290:, at the same site.
282:who established the
78:Hemchandra's victory
188:(also known as the
443:30 years earlier.
417:
356:Sikandar Shah Suri
303:Sikandar Shah Suri
274:, constructed his
248:
1084:Conflicts in 1556
978:Richards, John F.
783:, p. xxviii.
182:
181:
119:Hemu's forces of
99:
98:
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1051:
1049:
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196:, also known as
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51:
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1059:
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936:Chandra, Satish
934:
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878:
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849:
841:
826:
818:
811:
803:
799:
791:
787:
781:Frykenberg 1993
779:
775:
767:
763:
759:, p. xxvi.
757:Frykenberg 1993
755:
751:
734:
730:
715:
714:
710:
693:
689:
674:
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669:
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529:
520:
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503:
502:
498:
481:
477:
462:
461:
457:
452:
437:been victorious
412:
403:
371:
322:
299:Islam Shah Suri
252:Delhi Sultanate
240:
190:Battle of Delhi
178:
144:
84:
70:
41:
24:
21:Battle of Delhi
17:
12:
11:
5:
1107:
1105:
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932:
921:
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892:
889:
888:
886:, p. 175.
876:
864:
862:, p. 174.
847:
824:
809:
807:, p. 448.
797:
785:
773:
769:Thackston 1995
761:
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402:
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370:
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348:Tardi Beg Khan
321:
318:
280:Sher Shah Suri
254:, the city of
239:
236:
209:Tardi Beg Khan
202:Mughal Emperor
180:
179:
177:
176:
170:
167:
161:
160:50,000 cavalry
157:
155:
152:
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147:
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137:Tardi Beg Khan
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57:7 October 1556
55:
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3:
2:
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1074:1556 in India
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1044:
1042:9780195096712
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1014:9780195630237
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951:9788124110669
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916:9780861251551
912:
908:
907:
902:
898:
897:
893:
885:
884:Tripathi 1960
880:
877:
873:
872:Richards 1995
868:
865:
861:
860:Tripathi 1960
856:
854:
852:
848:
845:, p. 67.
844:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
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825:
822:, p. 91.
821:
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729:9789356520202
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565:9781476608891
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476:9788170996637
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373:According to
368:
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339:
335:
331:
327:
319:
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306:
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291:
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288:Sher Shahabad
285:
281:
277:
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269:
268:Mughal Empire
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115:Mughal Empire
112:
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64:
61:
60:
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53:
52:
48:
45:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
1056:
1046:. Retrieved
1031:
1018:. Retrieved
1003:
982:
968:
955:. Retrieved
940:
926:
905:
879:
867:
820:Chandra 2004
805:Qanungo 1965
800:
788:
776:
764:
752:
718:
711:
677:
670:
636:
629:
595:
588:
554:
547:
523:
516:
506:
499:
465:
458:
445:
439:against the
424:
421:Vikramaditya
418:
413: 1910s
395:
391:
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372:
360:
346:
323:
307:
292:
259:
249:
227:Vikramaditya
225:
220:
189:
185:
183:
104:Belligerents
25:
957:17 November
843:Sarkar 1960
793:Sarkar 1960
363:Tughlaqabad
232:Bairam Khan
213:Tughlaqabad
83:Territorial
67:Tughlaqabad
44:Tughlaqabad
1063:Categories
894:References
310:Firoz Khan
284:Sur Empire
238:Background
142:Hemchandra
738:cite book
697:cite book
656:cite book
615:cite book
574:cite book
533:cite book
485:cite book
450:Footnotes
425:Bikramjit
401:Aftermath
379:falconets
352:Jalandhar
276:Din Panah
260:Hindustan
174:falconets
169:51 cannon
165:elephants
1048:7 August
1020:7 August
980:(1995).
938:(2004).
903:(1960).
383:vanguard
375:Bada'uni
295:Kalinjar
222:Maharaja
150:Strength
62:Location
429:Panipat
342:Narnaul
334:Sambhal
320:Prelude
272:Humayun
207:led by
125:Rajputs
121:Afghans
85:changes
1039:
1011:
990:
948:
913:
726:
685:
644:
603:
562:
473:
435:, had
397:1556.
369:Battle
340:, and
330:Etawah
326:Bayana
314:Rewari
163:1,000
75:Result
441:Lodis
433:Babur
338:Kalpi
264:Babur
256:Delhi
217:Delhi
215:near
205:Akbar
145:Ramya
89:Delhi
1050:2016
1037:ISBN
1022:2016
1009:ISBN
988:ISBN
959:2014
946:ISBN
911:ISBN
744:link
724:ISBN
703:link
683:ISBN
662:link
642:ISBN
621:link
601:ISBN
580:link
560:ISBN
539:link
491:link
471:ISBN
423:(or
198:Hemu
184:The
172:500
123:and
93:Agra
91:and
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