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company policy. To this end he hired
Clarence Hicks, who recommended a sweeping plan of employee benefits, including a pension plan. This approach was only partially successful, however, since labor recognized the intent of tying workers to the company and preventing strike action by including pension provisions that would penalize strike activity.
98:, who was simultaneously on Standard Oil's payroll as an attorney. A riot on July 20, 1915 involving the strikers, police and "several hundred women" shut down the Standard Oil plant, and caused the shooting death of 19-year-old striker John Sterancsak. Plant general manager George B. Gifford ordered 250 men from the professional strikebreaker
627:
155:
Dangerous riot conditions again took hold of the area around the plants. In a charge against police lines on the 10th, three policemen and eight workmen were shot and wounded. On the 11th, a mob of five hundred besieged police headquarters and looted saloons for liquor. Seven were shot the next
167:
The
Standard Oil company had long been a target of public criticism, and its conduct during the strike only intensified it. Following the strike John D. Rockefeller Jr. decided to no longer rely on an exclusively critical stance towards labor — "Whenever it shows its head, hit it" — and overhaul
151:
Refinery workers struck
Standard Oil again on October 3 through 20, 1916 for increased wages. Only thirty-six workers in the paraffin department caused thousands of other workers to join the action. Additional workers may have joined the original group of pressmen because the Standard Oil works
105:
The following day a mob attacked the
Tidewater refinery in an attempt to set it on fire. After several days of lawlessness, significant arson damage, at least five strikers killed altogether, and at least five more seriously wounded, Sheriff
641:
122:. The General Superintendent of the Tidewater facility and 32 guards were arrested on a charge of inciting to riot. A total of 130 plant guards would be arrested. Saloons were closed. Local officials also arrested the
89:
Initially about 1200 workers walked out, including 900 coopers, when their demands for increased pay and tolerable working conditions were ignored. The company retaliated by calling in the
Bayonne police force through the
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The strike ended on
October 19 as the strikers returned to work with no concessions given. The estimated total casualties were four dead and 34 wounded, 11 of those seriously wounded.
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day, including a woman fatally wounded as she looked out of her second-story window. Organized police action on the 13th, the tenth straight day of rioting, quelled the mob.
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Quadagno, Jill. The
Transformation of Old Age Security: Class and Politics in the American Welfare State. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1988. page 90
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Thirty-Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of
Industrial Statistics of New Jersey for the year ending October 31st, 1915
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Thirty-Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of
Industrial Statistics of New Jersey for the year ending October 31st, 1915
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Fortieth Annual Report of the Bureau of
Industrial Statistics of New Jersey for the year ending October 31st, 1917
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Fortieth Annual Report of the Bureau of Industrial Statistics of New Jersey for the year ending October 31st, 1917
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closed down on the 10th, or when trolley lines to the adjoining Tidewater and Eagle Oil plants were blocked.
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The Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History, by Aaron Brenner, Benjamin Day, Immanuel Ness, page 145
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On the 28th, the workers warily returned on promises of increased pay and the institution of an
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319:. Vol. 40. Union Hill, N.J.: Hudson Printing Company, Printers. 1918. pp. 227–231.
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300:. Vol. 38. Camden, N.J.: S. Chew & Sons, Co., Printers. 1916. pp. 225–231.
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335:. Vol. 40. Union Hill, N.J.: Hudson Printing Company, Printers. 1918. p. 232.
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275:. Vol. 38. Camden, N.J.: S. Chew & Sons, Co., Printers. 1916. p. 213.
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Manufacturing industry labor disputes in the United States
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Labor disputes led by the Industrial Workers of the World
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Exxon Mobil-New Jersey Environmental Pollution Settlement
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Murder of workers in labor disputes in the United States
143:, promises which appear to have been kept by September.
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History of the petroleum industry in the United States
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110:and federal labor mediators restored order after
31:- the Tidewater Oil Co. refinery complex in 1890
235:The Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History
233:Brenner, Aaron; Benjamin Day; Ness, Immanuel.
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809:Metal and Machinery Workers Industrial Union
751:Australasian Meat Industry Employees Union
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501:1916–1917 northern Minnesota lumber strike
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65:were labor actions of refinery workers in
771:Marine Transport Workers Industrial Union
766:Incarcerated Workers Organizing Committee
921:Labor-related riots in the United States
849:Workers' International Industrial Union
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941:Polish-American culture in New Jersey
491:Bayonne refinery strikes of 1915–1916
456:1912–1913 Little Falls textile strike
69:, mostly Polish-Americans who struck
63:Bayonne refinery strikes of 1915–1916
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642:List of General Secretary-Treasurers
891:1910s strikes in the United States
761:Education Workers Industrial Union
441:1912 New York City waiters' strike
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799:Agricultural Workers Organization
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420:Pressed Steel Car strike of 1909
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886:1916 labor disputes and strikes
881:1915 labor disputes and strikes
804:Lumber Workers Industrial Union
572:Stockton cannery strike of 1937
552:1922 New England Textile Strike
384:Industrial Workers of the World
124:Industrial Workers of the World
562:1927–1928 Colorado Coal Strike
557:1923 San Pedro maritime strike
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461:1913 El Paso smelters' strike
415:1907 Skowhegan textile strike
931:Labor disputes in New Jersey
844:Western Federation of Miners
436:1912 Lawrence textile strike
92:Mayor of Bayonne, New Jersey
81:beginning in mid-July 1915.
603:2018–2019 Education strikes
588:1964 Mount Isa Mines strike
410:First Convention of the IWW
20:Aerial view of the refinery
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71:Standard Oil of New Jersey
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567:1933 Yakima Valley strike
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466:1913 Paterson silk strike
120:New Jersey National Guard
834:Glossary of Wobbly terms
285:Brenner, et al. page 145
118:refused to call out the
861:Organized Labour portal
781:United Campaign Workers
776:Starbucks Workers Union
598:2011 Wisconsin protests
211:Bayonne refinery strike
186:Organized labour portal
901:Protest-related deaths
652:Elizabeth Gurley Flynn
547:Anaconda Road massacre
521:Seattle General Strike
486:1913 Studebaker strike
116:Governor of New Jersey
108:Eugene Francis Kinkead
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896:Bayonne, New Jersey
839:Little Red Songbook
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717:Industrial unionism
75:Tidewater Petroleum
67:Bayonne, New Jersey
29:Bayonne, New Jersey
916:1916 in New Jersey
911:1915 in New Jersey
829:Free speech fights
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506:Bisbee Deportation
451:Wheatland hop riot
257:The New York Times
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237:. page 145
221:References
77:plants on
163:Aftermath
126:agitator
738:Sections
662:Joe Hill
172:See also
791:Extinct
394:History
635:People
114:, the
429:1910s
403:1900s
73:and
61:The
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375:e
368:t
361:v
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