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in restricted areas can be developed and decoupled from a complete structural improvement in the area concerned. The applicability of stepping stones was thereby to be examined for the beam effect of interventions on running waters, as a parallel to
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159:; the abiotic beam effect refers to the transport of positive environmental conditions from one directed downstream. In general, the beam effect is not tied to the flow direction of the running water and can occur both upstream and downstream.
162:
In contrast, negative long-distance and vicinity effects cause the opposite effect to the positive beam effect, thus deteriorate the ecological condition of running waters. For instance, negative biotic effects are migration or drift of
82:. It is based on the positive influence of sections in very good condition on sections in less good condition. The idea was first introduced in 2008 by the German Council for Land Stewardship to reach the goals defined in the
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quality close to nature; on the other hand, it is the natural habitat of typical organisms that can drift and migrate to other sections. If a beam source only meets the prerequisites for an abiotic beam effect it is called a
143:, which indicates the influence of sections in very good ecological condition on sections in less good or rather poor condition with respect to their ecological status. There are two categories of beam effects which are
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is a type of beam path into which organisms of a nearby beam source can migrate or are at least temporarily settle. Furthermore, typical organisms can only drift or migrate through the beam path, which is then called a
274:(also beam source) is a river section that is in very good ecological condition. The river section may not necessarily be located in the main course but side waters. On the one hand, it shows structural,
98:
In order to force politics to take more responsibility in acting against ecological, economic and social problems related to water, the
European Union implemented the Water Framework Directive. For each
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The implementation is an individual matter for the member states and must be reported regularly. In
Germany, the German Council for Land Stewardship worked on a project financially supported by the
521:
LANUV NRW (2011). "LANUV Arbeitsblatt 16, Strahlwirkungs- und
Trittsteinkonzept in der Planungspraxis". Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfahlen (LANUV NRW).
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is a matter of interpretation. For member states of the
European Union, the Water Framework Directive defines two different ecological target states, which are the
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Leuven, Rob S. E. W.; van der Velde, Gerard; Baijens, Iris; Snijders, Janneke; van der Zwart, Christien; Lenders, H. J. Rob; bij de Vaate, Abraham (25 June 2009).
175:, material load or temperature influences are examples of negative abiotic effects on the ecological condition. Another negative effect is given by the so-called
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element that allows organisms to either migrate and settle or drift though the river section. It does not necessarily have to be a stone or a group of stones;
232:
215:, whereas the good ecological potential specifically relates to a heavily modified or even artificial body of water that was created by human activity.
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district member, the states had to develop, implement and monitor measures to reach its prescribed goals. As a tool to accomplish this goal, so-called
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is a river section that by definition meets none of the criteria to be a beam origin nor a beam path. Transverse structures such as
412:
Deutscher Rat für
Landespflege e. V. (DRL) (2008). "Kompensation von Strukturdefiziten in Fließgewässern durch Strahlwirkung".
711:
104:
726:
312:. In a beam path a biocenosis can be established which is only possible due to the presence of adjacent beam origins.
429:"The Water Framework Directive: A New Directive for a Changing Social, Political and Economic European Framework"
83:
721:
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is a river section of low ecological condition that borders on sections of higher ecological potential. An
607:
Pulg, Ulrich (2007). "Die
Restaurierung von Kieslaichplätzen". München: Landesfischereiverband Bayern e.V.
119:
111:
665:
Giesecke, Jürgen; Heimerl, Stephan (2014). "Durchgängigkeit für die
Aquafauna an Wasserkraftstandorten".
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Schematic illustration of the beam origin concept (based on German
Council for Land Stewardship 2008)
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supply, cover the gravels with a solid layer and destroy the habitat of local species.
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Typical indicators for the evaluation of the ecological quality are the abundances of
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646:. Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfahlen (LANUV NRW)
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555:"The river Rhine: a global highway for dispersal of aquatic invasive species"
366:(artificial) river sections possibly prohibit organism to drift and migrate.
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can be found in the
European Directive or in country-specific guidelines.
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State Agency for Nature, Environment and
Consumer Protection and
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and it is assumed that in the long-term a typical inventory of
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211:. The good ecological status refers to a natural body of
253:. Criteria to further classify the ecological status of
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or aquatic plants can also have a supporting effect.
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deposits. Since the pores are used by organisms for
414:
Schriftenreihe des deutschen Rates für Landespflege
249:and phytobenthos, and the number of type-specific
179:, which is the accumulation of fine particles on
74:is used to describe the mechanisms governing the
362:can be obstacles for aquatic organisms but also
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668:Wasserkraftanlagen: Planung, Bau und Betrieb
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671:(in German). Springer. pp. 823–848.
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151:. The biotic beam effect relies on the
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481:Official Journal of the European Union
477:"Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC"
187:, over time the sediments cut off the
139:The main driver of the concept is the
381:Integrated water resources management
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677:10.1007/978-3-642-53871-1_20
105:river basin management plans
640:"Das Strahlwirkungskonzept"
427:Kaika, Maria (April 2003).
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732:Water resources management
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165:atypical aquatic organisms
707:Environmental engineering
580:10.1007/s10530-009-9491-7
433:European Planning Studies
209:good ecological potential
84:Water Framework Directive
35:, as no other articles
620:Cite journal requires
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445:10.1080/09654310303640
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205:good ecological status
201:good ecological status
112:North Rhine-Westphalia
712:Hydraulic engineering
285:potential beam origin
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171:; carry-over of fine
559:Biological Invasions
199:The definition of a
195:Ecological condition
155:or drift of typical
571:2009BiInv..11.1989L
352:degradation stretch
346:Degradation stretch
305:enhancing beam path
72:beam origin concept
727:Water and politics
336:large woody debris
227:Typical indicators
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129:wildlife corridors
116:Lennart-Bernadotte
54:for suggestions.
44:to this page from
686:978-3-642-53871-1
386:Aquatic ecosystem
310:transit beam path
157:aquatic organisms
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565:(9): 1989.
272:beam origin
266:Beam origin
247:macrophytes
141:beam effect
124:biocoenoses
101:river basin
59:August 2024
701:Categories
590:2066/75679
483:. L 327/1.
392:References
261:Components
231:See also:
94:Background
76:ecological
50:; try the
37:link to it
717:Hydrology
453:153351550
364:canalised
301:beam path
295:Beam path
280:hydraulic
177:colmation
173:sediments
153:migration
40:. Please
370:See also
207:and the
185:spawning
169:habitats
120:Stiftung
650:16 July
567:Bibcode
338:(LWD),
289:species
149:abiotic
135:Concept
86:of the
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451:
189:oxygen
181:gravel
145:biotic
33:orphan
31:is an
449:S2CID
356:weirs
340:roots
330:is a
681:ISBN
652:2020
626:help
540:help
360:dams
278:and
251:taxa
239:fish
147:and
70:The
673:doi
585:hdl
575:doi
441:doi
358:or
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