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dropped by the first wave of
Pathfinder night bombers; meanwhile, incendiary bombs dropped on the correct location were quickly smothered, wherever possible. Drums of oil were also ignited to simulate the effect of a blazing city or town, with the aim of fooling subsequent waves of bombers into
274:
The
Devonian and Silurian rocks are generally more resistant to weathering than the limestone, and form some of the highest points on the hills, including the highest at Black Down, 325 metres (1068 ft) above sea level. Black Down is a
2036:
360:
a bombing decoy town was constructed on Black Down, which was intended to represent the blazing lights of a town which had omitted to follow black-out regulations. The decoy, known under the code name
364:
from the original code SF (Special Fire) used fires of creosote and water to simulate incendiary bombs exploding. In addition glow boxes were used to simulate the streets and railways of
423:, and hosted by the Mendip Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Unit, has been established to "raise awareness of the importance of Black Down and the Burrington Commons".
337:. There is also an outlying group of three bowl barrows to the west, and a group of two bowl barrows about 600 metres (0.37 mi) to the southeast of the main group.
136:
1982:
396:
of anti aircraft rockets. The success of this endeavour is questionable, with no ground indications that the hills were used as targets. Piles of stones (known as
318:, one of which also anchors the concrete trig point. All of the barrows show signs of being opened in the past, but the only recorded excavation was done by
484:
875:"World War II bombing decoy complex, anti-aircraft obstructions and Beacon Batch round barrow cemetery on Black Down, Priddy / Cheddar — Mendip"
252:
period between 400 and 362 million years ago, with younger
Portishead Beds of limestone and Black Nore Sandstone on either side. As a result of the
368:, the light bulbs were powered by electrical generators, powered by Coventry Climax petrol engines contained in two bunkers. It was laid out by
1840:
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for
Natural Environment Research Council, Institute of Geological Sciences, Geographical Survey and Museum. pp. 7, 10–11, 16 & 34–38.
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848:"World War II bombing decoy complex, anti-aircraft obstructions and Beacon Batch round barrow cemetery on Black Down (1020995)"
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This article is about a hill in the Mendip Hills. For range of hills along the
Somerset-Devon border, see
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Both the World War II bombing decoy complex and round barrow cemetery are included on the
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400:) were also created to prevent enemy aircraft from using the hilltop as a landing site.
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228:. According to a local organization's newsletter, the name "Black Down" comes from the
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The decoys were fitted with dim red lights, simulating activities like the stoking of
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816:"Mendip Hills An Archaeological Survey of the Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty"
387:. Burning bales of straw soaked in creosote were used to simulate the effects of
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299:) and grasses rather than the pasture which covers much of the plateau.
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dropping their bombs on the wrong location. The site was home to a
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word 'Blac' or 'Bloec' meaning bleak, 'Dun' meaning down or fort.
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550:
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767:
Somerset v Hitler: Secret
Operations in the Mendips 1939 - 1945
263:
structures, with an east-west trend, each with a core of older
419:
A three-year project from 2013 to 2016 has been funded by the
53:
A view across Black Down from Beacon Batch in the Mendip Hills
2037:
Structures on the
Heritage at Risk register in Somerset
549:. British Regional Geology (Second ed.). London:
220:, with dense cover of associated vegetation such as
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176:. Black Down lies just a few miles eastward of the
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41:
675:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. p. 42.
650:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. p. 11.
823:Somerset County Council Archeological Projects
416:due to erosion from the visitors to the site.
256:, the Mendip area now comprises at least four
248:at the summit, which was deposited during the
958:
8:
195:, the base of which has been rebuilt by the
27:One of the Mendip Hills in Somerset, England
325:The main group of barrows consists of nine
202:The shortest route of ascent goes from the
965:
951:
943:
729:. Stanbridge: Dovecote press. p. 24.
576:Somerset Landscapes: Geology and landforms
522:Somerset Landscapes: Geology and landforms
307:The summit area of Black Down is known as
38:
750:Extract from record of Scheduled Monument
545:Kellaway, G. A.; Welch, F. B. A. (1948).
279:area, with its steeper slopes covered in
907:. Discovering Black Down. Archived from
761:
759:
757:
578:. Usk: Blackbarn Books. pp. 25–28.
524:. Usk: Blackbarn Books. pp. 26–27.
431:
209:and is approximately 1 km long.
7:
1645:Brimble Pit and Cross Swallet Basins
727:A field Guide to Somerset Archeology
1841:King John's Hunting Lodge, Axbridge
706:. Natural England. pp. 122–128
881:. English Heritage. Archived from
853:National Heritage List for England
303:Beacon Batch round barrow cemetery
32:Blackdown Hills National Landscape
25:
931:
440:"More Relative Hills of Britain"
47:
1700:Crook Peak to Shute Shelve Hill
725:Adkins, Lesley and Roy (1992).
600:"Black Down Geology Fact Sheet"
547:Bristol and Gloucester District
188:. The summit is marked with an
184:, and provides a view over the
1795:Wurt Pit and Devil's Punchbowl
769:. Newbury: Countryside Books.
1:
1775:Sandpit Hole and Bishop's Lot
1933:Bath and North East Somerset
1770:St. Dunstan's Well Catchment
1615:Axbridge Hill and Fry's Hill
1449:St. Dunstan's Well Catchment
627:. British Geological Survey
164:is the highest hill in the
2053:
787:Davies, Les (March 2009).
574:Haslett, Simon K. (2010).
520:Haslett, Simon K. (2010).
464:"Key Col for Beacon Batch"
254:Variscan mountain-building
216:area mostly consisting of
69:325 m (1,066 ft)
29:
1690:Compton Martin Ochre Mine
1334:Compton Martin Ochre Mine
789:"Starfish and subterfuge"
410:Heritage at Risk Register
46:
704:Character Area Appraisal
605:. Discovering Black Down
485:"Autumn newsletter 2007"
1897:National Cycle Route 24
1831:Charterhouse Roman Town
1740:Kingdown and Middledown
1469:Tyning's Barrow Swallet
671:Atthill, Robin (1976).
646:Atthill, Robin (1976).
370:Shepperton Film Studios
765:Brown, Donald (1999).
376:of the city's railway
353:
244:with the oldest being
1969:North Somerset Levels
1866:East Somerset Railway
1444:St Cuthbert's Swallet
940:at Wikimedia Commons
421:Heritage Lottery Fund
348:
1998:51.31156°N 2.74170°W
938:Black Down, Somerset
311:. It is the site of
2022:Marilyns of England
1994: /
1861:Cheddar Valley line
1856:Somerset Coal Canal
1821:Drove Cottage Henge
1790:Windsor Hill Quarry
1630:Barns Batch Spinney
1625:Banwell Ochre Caves
1474:Upper Flood Swallet
1464:Thrupe Lane Swallet
1434:Shute Shelve Cavern
1314:Banwell Ochre Caves
1304:Axbridge Ochre Mine
1148:Westbury-sub-Mendip
911:on 14 December 2014
673:Mendip: A new study
648:Mendip: A new study
501:on 28 November 2007
172:, in south-western
2003:51.31156; -2.74170
1851:Somerset Coalfield
1720:Emborough Quarries
1695:Cook's Wood Quarry
1454:Stoke Lane Slocker
1389:Manor Farm Swallet
1294:Attborough Swallet
374:aerial photographs
354:
341:Bombing decoy town
287:) and its flatter
240:The rocks form an
59:Highest point
2032:Hills of Somerset
1977:
1976:
1952:Surrounding areas
1710:Draycott Sleights
1670:Cheddar Reservoir
1660:Chancellor's Farm
1484:Wookey Hole Caves
1364:Goatchurch Cavern
1354:Fairy Cave Quarry
1324:Charterhouse Cave
1270:Shute Shelve Hill
1214:Litton Reservoirs
1204:Cheddar Reservoir
936:Media related to
492:Mendip Hills AONB
385:steam locomotives
378:marshalling yards
271:volcanic rocks.
246:Old Red Sandstone
212:Black Down is an
197:Mendip Hills AONB
182:Weston-super-Mare
159:
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16:(Redirected from
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1735:Holwell Quarries
1680:Chew Valley Lake
1655:Burrington Combe
1384:Longwood Swallet
1344:Eastwater Cavern
1319:Burrington Combe
1209:Chew Valley Lake
1167:Rivers and lakes
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494:. Archived from
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414:English Heritage
404:Heritage at Risk
389:incendiary bombs
204:Burrington Combe
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1964:Somerset Levels
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1846:Priddy Mineries
1826:Dolebury Warren
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1705:Dolebury Warren
1665:Cheddar Complex
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1083:Leigh-on-Mendip
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885:on 27 July 2014
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777:. pages 165-177
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1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1329:Cheddar Gorge
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1309:Banwell Caves
1307:
1305:
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1297:
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1275:Wavering Down
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1271:
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1253:
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1245:Burledge Hill
1243:
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1231:
1230:Axbridge Hill
1228:
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1225:
1221:
1215:
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1197:
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1194:Lox Yeo River
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1143:West Harptree
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1063:East Harptree
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1003:Bishop Sutton
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531:9781456416317
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316:round barrows
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33:
19:
2027:Mendip Hills
1979:
1765:Rodney Stoke
1755:Priddy Pools
1750:Priddy Caves
1730:Hobbs Quarry
1675:Cheddar Wood
1640:Bleadon Hill
1635:Blagdon Lake
1592:Windsor Hill
1552:Gurney Slade
1429:Shatter Cave
1404:Priddy Caves
1399:Pierre's Pot
1369:Gough's Cave
1240:Bleadon Hill
1234:
1199:Blagdon Lake
1103:Rodney Stoke
1023:Charterhouse
974:Mendip Hills
930:
913:. Retrieved
909:the original
899:
887:. Retrieved
883:the original
878:
869:
857:. Retrieved
851:
838:
826:. Retrieved
822:
810:
798:. Retrieved
794:Mendip Times
792:
782:
766:
745:
726:
720:
708:. Retrieved
703:
691:
672:
666:
647:
641:
629:. Retrieved
619:
607:. Retrieved
594:
575:
569:
546:
540:
521:
515:
505:25 September
503:. Retrieved
496:the original
491:
479:
467:. Retrieved
458:
446:. Retrieved
434:
418:
407:
382:
358:World War II
355:
350:World War II
327:bowl barrows
324:
309:Beacon Batch
308:
306:
296:
284:
273:
239:
211:
201:
166:Mendip Hills
161:
160:
152:
120:Mendip Hills
79:
36:
18:Beacon Batch
2001: /
1959:Chew Valley
1882:Mendip Rail
1816:Cheddar Man
1715:Ebbor Gorge
1572:Moon's Hill
1527:Cook's Wood
1507:Callow Rock
1502:Batts Combe
1349:Ebbor Gorge
1179:Cheddar Yeo
1158:Wookey Hole
981:Settlements
915:14 December
800:24 February
631:14 December
625:"Blackdown"
609:14 December
372:, based on
335:disc barrow
331:bell barrow
214:open-access
199:authority.
186:Chew Valley
88:Parent peak
2016:Categories
1986:51°18′42″N
1887:Mendip Way
1610:Asham Wood
1577:Torr Works
1547:Fairy Cave
1419:Rhino Rift
1339:Cox's Cave
1287:and gorges
1255:Fry's Hill
1250:Crook Peak
1235:Black Down
1184:River Chew
1133:Webbington
1018:Burrington
889:14 October
828:16 January
427:References
313:Bronze Age
258:anticlinal
193:trig point
162:Black Down
153:Landranger
93:The Wrekin
75:Prominence
42:Black Down
1989:2°44′30″W
1917:A371 road
1912:A368 road
1875:Transport
1836:Fosse Way
1745:Lamb Leer
1557:Halecombe
1542:Emborough
1424:Rod's Pot
1379:Lamb Leer
1265:Purn Hill
1189:River Yeo
1174:River Axe
1153:Winscombe
1108:Rowberrow
1038:Churchill
394:Z battery
322:in 1820.
285:Pteridium
242:anticline
111:Geography
65:Elevation
1943:Somerset
1926:Councils
1907:A39 road
1902:A37 road
1522:Colemans
1494:Quarries
1479:W/L Cave
1260:Pen Hill
1113:Sandford
1058:Draycott
993:Axbridge
362:Starfish
333:and one
277:moorland
269:Silurian
265:Devonian
250:Devonian
207:car park
170:Somerset
145:Topo map
137:ST484572
116:Location
1804:History
1587:Whatley
1582:Viaduct
1567:Holwell
1537:Dulcote
1512:Cloford
1359:GB Cave
1123:Shipham
1093:Oakhill
1028:Cheddar
1013:Bleadon
1008:Blagdon
998:Banwell
988:Ashwick
905:"About"
859:5 April
710:9 April
366:Bristol
356:During
297:Calluna
293:heather
281:bracken
236:Geology
226:bracken
222:heather
174:England
131:OS grid
124:England
105:Marilyn
100:Listing
1098:Priddy
1088:Litton
1078:Hutton
1068:Easton
773:
733:
679:
654:
582:
557:
528:
469:27 May
448:27 May
398:cairns
352:bunker
329:, one
289:summit
1760:Perch
1602:SSSIs
1562:Hobbs
1517:Cloud
1285:Caves
1223:Hills
1138:Wells
1128:Ubley
1053:Cross
819:(PDF)
700:(PDF)
603:(PDF)
499:(PDF)
488:(PDF)
443:(PDF)
230:Saxon
218:moors
82:241 m
917:2014
891:2013
861:2015
830:2011
802:2009
771:ISBN
731:ISBN
712:2010
677:ISBN
652:ISBN
633:2014
611:2014
580:ISBN
555:ISBN
551:HMSO
526:ISBN
507:2007
471:2020
450:2020
380:.
261:fold
224:and
291:in
180:at
155:141
2018::
877:.
850:.
846:.
821:.
791:.
756:^
702:.
490:.
168:,
150:OS
122:,
80:c.
966:e
959:t
952:v
919:.
893:.
863:.
832:.
804:.
739:.
714:.
685:.
660:.
635:.
613:.
588:.
563:.
534:.
509:.
473:.
452:.
295:(
283:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
