31:
80:
202:
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239:. The male is about 28 cm (11 in) long with white plumage apart from a brown head and black wings. At his throat hang several black, unfeathered wattles. The female is a little smaller with olive-green head and upper parts, yellow underparts streaked with green and a yellow vent area. The male has a loud, repeated metallic hammering call, as well as various other vocalisations.
440:
718:
242:
There are two subspecies, the nominate subspecies is only found in northeastern Brazil, while the other subspecies occurs in
Trinidad, Venezuela, Colombia, Guyana, eastern Bolivia and northern Brazil. This bird is found in moist tropical forests where it feeds mainly on fruit and berries which are
419:
The flimsy nest of twigs is built by the female and usually placed in the outer branches of a tree. The nests are not located in the jungle, but in free-standing trees in semi-cleared areas, probably to reduce the risk from the many effective predators of nests in the jungle such as monkeys,
300: oz). Her upperparts are olive-green (duskier on the head), most of the underparts are yellow streaked with green, and the vent is pure yellow. She lacks the facial wattles ("beard"). Both sexes have dark eyes, a black bill and grey to black legs.
327:
The bearded bellbird is native to
Venezuela (as well as adjacent parts of Colombia and Guyana), Trinidad and Tobago and northeastern Brazil, where it occurs in humid forests and woodland. It is mainly resident, but some populations take part in
435:
male free to spend much of his time advertising with his distinctive songs. Laying season varies over its range; April-Nov in
Trinidad and May-Sep in N. Venezuela. The first recorded egg was discovered near Cumaca, Trinidad, in the mid-1950s.
251:
Like other cotingas, the bearded bellbird has a broad hooked-tipped bill, rounded wings, strong legs and a striking appearance. The male is approx 28 cm 11 in long, and weighs 180 g (
243:
picked on the wing. The nest is a rather flimsy mass of stems and slender twigs built far out on a branch of an isolated tree. A single buff-coloured egg is laid and incubated solely by the female.
376:
is relatively rare due to extensive habitat destruction in its range and heavy trapping for the cagebird trade, and as such is considered "vulnerable" by
Brazilian environmental authority (
311:. It sounds like a hammer rapidly hitting an anvil and is repeated 20–30 times. Additionally, a number of regional calls are known, e.g. an unmusical, almost hissing,
571:
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1024:
30:
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is white or greyish-white apart from the black wings and warm brown head. He sports a "beard" of un-feathered, black stringy wattles.
728:
704:
655:
638:
623:
332:; breeding at altitudes of up to 1,900 m (6,200 ft) and spending the non-breeding season in the lowlands. There are two
1059:
1034:
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in northern
Venezuela. Apparently, the last mentioned call is no longer heard in Trinidad. The female is essentially silent.
923:
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722:
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372:. It is a localised and uncommon bird in Venezuela, but is fairly common in Trinidad. The nominate Brazilian
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repeated every few seconds and a somewhat less loud, metallic hammering
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First identified bearded bellbird nest and egg, held by Dr.
697:
The
Cotingas: Bellbirds, Umbrella birds and their allies.
454:
First identified bearded bellbird nest and egg, Cumaca,
546:"Araponga de barbela (Procnias averano averano) — DTAS"
583:
The Online Guide to the
Animals of Trinidad and Tobago
531:
529:
751:
303:The males' advertising calls are a very loud dull
503:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22700965A93806811.en
431:is incubated entirely by the female, leaving the
272:The female is smaller, at approx. 27 cm (
8:
631:A Guide to the Birds of Trinidad and Tobago
388:These arboreal bellbirds feeds entirely on
739:
200:
53:
29:
20:
501:
467:
315:in southern Venezuela and a disyllabic
404:are particularly favoured (as well as
1050:Birds of the Venezuelan Coastal Range
633:(2nd ed.). Comstock Publishing.
7:
427:The single brown-mottled, light tan
1025:IUCN Red List least concern species
585:. The University of the West Indies
489:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
1045:Birds of the Serranía del Perijá
716:
662:The Birds of Trinidad and Tobago
78:
650:by Ridgely & Tudor (1994),
478:BirdLife International (2016).
1:
648:Birds of South America vol. 2
1040:Birds of Trinidad and Tobago
674:. William Sessions Limited.
570:Rampersad, Rissa S. (2014).
396:, mainly taken on the wing.
1076:
729:BirdLife Species Factsheet
286: in) and 130 g (
660:Herklots, G. A. C. 1961.
629:ffrench, Richard (1991).
416:Lauraceae by the female.
412:), and the young are fed
235:which occurs in northern
199:
180:
173:
75:Scientific classification
73:
51:
42:
37:
28:
23:
682:(pbk), pp. 132–137.
496:: e.T22700965A93806811.
323:Distribution and habitat
1060:Birds described in 1783
535:ffrench, (1991) p. 188.
360:, extreme northeastern
699:British Museum Press.
458:
447:
330:altitudinal migrations
1035:Birds of the Caatinga
453:
442:
220:), also known as the
725:at Wikimedia Commons
602:Snow (2008), p. 135.
523:Snow (2008), p. 132.
1055:Birds of the Tepuis
576:(Bearded Bellbird)"
309:tonk-tonk-tonk-tonk
45:Conservation status
664:. Collins, London.
616:Birds of Venezuela
459:
448:
344:, in northeastern
1012:
1011:
984:Open Tree of Life
745:Taxon identifiers
721:Media related to
680:978-1-85072-381-3
672:Birds in Our Life
368:and far northern
208:
207:
68:
24:Bearded bellbird
1067:
1005:
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1002:Procnias-averano
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797:Procnias_averano
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548:. Archived from
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482:Procnias averano
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350:P. a. carnobarba
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217:Procnias averano
212:bearded bellbird
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687:Further reading
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410:Melastomataceae
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265: oz). His
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166:P. averano
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16:Species of bird
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552:on 2008-03-16
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175:Binomial name
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60:Least Concern
50:
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38:Male calling
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587:. Retrieved
582:
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554:. Retrieved
550:the original
540:
519:
507:. Retrieved
493:
487:
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445:Wilbur Downs
426:
424:and snakes.
418:
414:regurgitated
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18:
958:Neotropical
893:iNaturalist
777:Wikispecies
509:12 November
402:Burseraceae
317:teek-terong
247:Description
1019:Categories
997:Xeno-canto
693:Snow, D.W.
668:Snow, D.W.
618:by Hilty,
610:References
589:2023-01-19
556:2009-03-14
433:polygamous
406:Araliaceae
364:, western
334:subspecies
226:anvil-bird
142:Cotingidae
462:Footnotes
398:Lauraceae
354:Venezuela
230:passerine
222:campanero
160:Species:
98:Kingdom:
92:Eukaryota
1030:Procnias
937:22700965
911:11212477
823:22700965
818:BirdLife
762:Wikidata
695:(1982).
670:(2008).
456:Trinidad
362:Colombia
358:Trinidad
153:Procnias
138:Family:
112:Chordata
108:Phylum:
102:Animalia
88:Domain:
65:IUCN 3.1
989:3598405
963:beabel1
950:1506509
885:2486400
859:beabel1
833:beabel1
805:Avibase
768:Q776062
734:a photo
422:toucans
394:berries
384:Ecology
295:⁄
281:⁄
267:plumage
260:⁄
228:, is a
194:, 1783)
192:Hermann
148:Genus:
128:Order:
118:Class:
63: (
924:562472
872:917388
703:
678:
654:
637:
622:
370:Brazil
366:Guyana
346:Brazil
313:bisset
976:74211
906:IRMNG
854:eBird
846:4MNX5
830:BOW:
579:(PDF)
390:fruit
378:IBAMA
338:taxon
945:NCBI
932:IUCN
919:ITIS
898:8851
880:GBIF
701:ISBN
676:ISBN
652:ISBN
635:ISBN
620:ISBN
511:2021
494:2016
408:and
400:and
392:and
374:race
348:and
305:Bock
233:bird
210:The
122:Aves
867:EoL
841:CoL
792:ADW
498:doi
429:egg
380:).
352:in
224:or
1021::
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274:10
643:.
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293:1
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288:4
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214:(
190:(
67:)
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