331:) and in 1985 they were both recruited by the University of Alabama at Birmingham's Comprehensive Cancer Center to lead and conduct human retrovirus research. Both excelled in their work and Hahn went on to become a distinguished professor in the Departments of Microbiology and medicine as well as work as co-director at the Center for AIDS research at UAB. Hahn and her long-time research partner George Shaw married in 1988.
314:(SIV). Their team used non-invasive research techniques in order to study endangered species of primates in the wild. Contrary to the prevailing scientific opinion, Hahn found that SIV does cause disease in its hosts and that chimpanzees represent a reservoir of HIV. She also discovered that SIV could be transmitted sexually and through breast milk among chimpanzees. She has also cloned
291:. AIDS had just become prevalent in the United States a year before she arrived. All of the patients with the reported disease were gay males and displayed symptoms of a skin cancer and unique form of pneumonia. Gallo's laboratory had been studying this new disease outbreak and Hahn joined the investigation.
378:
A careful analysis of the high degree of relatedness between chimpanzees and humans was a major focus in Hanh’s laboratory. Knowing that chimpanzees and humans share more than 98% sequence identity across their genomes, Hanh sought to uncover what exactly varies in the interactions between virus and
192:
or infections which can be transmitted between species, and their implications for public health. Hahn had herded and milked cows as a child in her native
Bavaria, where cattle were important to the rural economy. She wondered if human populations might be affected by exposure to bovine viruses. Her
395:
Another study reported that a chimpanzee named Noah had a virus called SIVcpzANT that clustered with SIVcpzGAB1 (and HIV-1 strains) in phylogenetic trees but was twice as distant from SIVcpzGAB1 and HIV-1 strains as they were from each other. This resulted in more support for a third unknown source
391:
One experiment performed on fifty chimpanzees resulted in only two possessing HIV-1 cross-reactive antibodies, which showed a much lower SIVcpz infection rate in contrast to other naturally occurring SIV infections. This finding indicated that there was a third unknown source that both humans and
387:
The theorization that chimpanzees may be source of HIV-1 began when a chimpanzee was found to have a lentivirus (SIVcpzGAB1) that was closely related to HIV-1. The genome of SIVcpzGAB1 had an accessory gene that was so far unique to HIV-1 as well as many of the same reading frames. However,
174:. He was one of the first doctors in Bavaria to use an X-ray machine, and allowed Beatrice to use some of his medical equipment as she grew up. Hahn was fascinated by studying urine slides under the microscope, and taking blood samples. Her ambition to enter medicine dates from this period.
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Hahn conducted her research from an evolutionary perspective when studying disease mechanisms and HIV/SIV gene function. Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) are a type of retroviruses that are capable of infecting a myriad of non-human primate species located in Africa.
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In 1983, George Shaw joined Gallo's laboratory and he and Hahn began to collaborate on their research. After a fellow researcher, Mikulas
Popovic, successfully cultured and isolated the virus, Hahn and Shaw cloned the virus's genome, becoming the first scientists to do so.
411:. This proved that the origin of a subspecies' chimpanzee host was what was responsible for two different phylogenetic lineages of SIVcpz strains. Hahn's careful phylogenetic analysis also supported that the source of HIV-1 was the chimpanzees that were members of
362:
Hanh made the startling discovery that certain SIVs had traversed between humans and certain nonhuman primate species a multitude of times to result in types 1 and 2 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The two viruses she identified were SIVcpz from chimpanzees
150:
and SIVs, they found that SIVs had originated in apes, and had passed to humans through multiple connections. The simian versions of the virus (known as SIVcpz in chimpanzees, and SIVgor in gorillas) became the infection named HIV in humans.
284:. This sparked the interest of Hahn because Bovine leukemia virus is an example of such a retrovirus. Hahn's wish to work in Gallo's lab was made possible when she received a fellowship from the German Science Foundation.
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371:). The realization that the transfer of SIVs had generated HIV led Hahn to conclude that presence of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was due to the cross-species infections of humans by
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in relation to the subspecies origin of the infected chimpanzee host. Her studies showed that the chimpanzees that had viruses similar to HIV-1 and to one another belonged to the same group;
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along with her husband and research partner George Shaw. Hahn and Shaw also work with CHAVI, a multi-institutional consortium. Hahn is the lead researcher of CHAVI's Viral
Biology Team.
221:. She decided to leave Germany because she believed she would have better opportunities for research and for funding in the United States. In 1985, she joined the faculty of the
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experiments carried out on more chimpanzees continuously resulted in apparently contradictory results as to whether chimpanzees were the original source of the SIVcpz.
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in 2011. There she has used non-invasive fecal sampling to investigate SIV and HIV in primate populations. Her research has also included the origins of the human
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225:(UAB) and established her own laboratory. She was a co-director of the Center for AIDS Research at UAB from 2003 to 2011. In 2011, Hahn joined the faculty of the
519:
Parrish, Nicholas F.; Gao, Feng; Li, Hui; Giorgi, Elena E.; Barbian, Hannah J.; Parrish, Erica H.; Zajic, Lara; Iyer, Shilpa S.; Decker, Julie M. (2013-04-23).
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host that cause differences in viral pathogenicity. Hahn made advances in the understanding the origin of HIV-1, SIVcpz, and natural SIVcpz reservoirs.
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Hahn left her home in
Germany and started research at the National Cancer Institute on May 1, 1982. There, she began her research into the origins of
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to humans. Hahn and her research group established that wild-living chimpanzees in southern
Cameroon were a natural reservoir of the closely related
182:
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127:, began as a virus passed from apes to humans. She is a professor of Medicine and Microbiology in the Perelman School of Medicine at the
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Her doctoral thesis was again influenced by her upbringing and early childhood. It was at this period that she began to specialise in
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They were able to determine that the isolated retrovirus was the cause of AIDS. They went on to discover that HIV originated from
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280:, the disease that had taken his sister's life at an early age. One of the main areas of interest for Gallo was tumor-causing
986:"Beatrice H. Hahn, MD, Virologist from Penn's Perelman School of Medicine Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences"
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777:"Beatrice H. Hahn, MD, Virologist from Penn's Perelman School of Medicine Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences"
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146:(SIVs). The team developed non-invasive techniques for gathering genetic data. By making comparisons between the genes of
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when she was a student at the
Technical University of Munich. He was a virologist and a researcher at the
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from 1981 to 1982. She attained her
Doctorate in Medicine from Technical University Munich in 1982.
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After graduating, Hahn began her career with a fellowship from the German
Science Foundation in
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Hahn discovered that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) originated in other primates and
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Sharp, Paul; Bailes, E; Chaudhuri, R; Rodenburg, CM; Santiago, MO; Hahn, BH (29 June 2001).
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864:"Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Seminar Series: Winford P. Larson Lectureship"
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on
February 13, 1955. As a child, she was interested in medicine by her father's work as a
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In addition to her work in universities and as a researcher, Hahn is also a member of the
197:, a very serious disease in cattle, and its close relationship with the human tumor virus
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On the other hand, Noah, the chimpanzee with the virus that was extremely distant, was a
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Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
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After working at UAB, Hahn and Shaw moved to the Center for AIDS Research at the
807:"Beatrice Hahn and George Shaw, Pioneers in HIV Research, to Join Penn Medicine"
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1109:"The origins of acquired immune deficiency syndrome viruses: where and when?"
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Hahn was able to prove the original theory through analyzation of the SIVcpz
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was transmitted to humans from gorillas in a single event in West Africa.
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parasite also traversed from other primates to humans, in a single event.
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Hahn and Shaw had many papers published (including a cover article for
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181:, where she earned her M.D. degree in 1981. She worked as an intern at
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magazine listed Hahn as one of the 50 most important women scientists.
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
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1999, Recipient, Birmingham Business Journal Top Birmingham Women
1234:"Three Penn Faculty Elected to the National Academy of Sciences"
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2001, Recipient, The Max Cooper Award for Research Excellence
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Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
742:"Researchers Confirm HIV-1 Originated In Wild Chimpanzees"
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Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
605:. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology. Archived from
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2002, one of "The 50 Most Important Women in Science",
1208:"Eighth Annual David Derse Memorial Lecture and Award"
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2010, Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology,
1157:"Past Honorees BBJ's Top Birmingham Women, 1989-2000"
1304:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1212:
National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research
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University of Alabama at Birmingham (May 26, 2006).
521:"Phenotypic properties of transmitted founder HIV-1"
248:. She is also a member of the advisory board of the
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59:
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21:
1284:Emigrants from West Germany to the United States
468:Sharp, Paul M.; Hahn, Beatrice H. (2011-09-01).
392:chimpanzees could have acquired the virus from.
1055:"The evolution of HIV-1 and the origin of AIDS"
899:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
674:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
525:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
252:'s HIV/AIDS Program and has served on numerous
1053:Sharp, Paul; Hahn, Beatrice (27 August 2010).
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1339:Members of the National Academy of Medicine
1289:University of Alabama at Birmingham faculty
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474:Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
177:Hahn left home to attend medical school at
119:best known for work which established that
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1232:Baillie, Katherine Unger (May 1, 2012).
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111:(born February 13, 1955) is an American
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1314:21st-century American women scientists
1309:20th-century American women scientists
470:"Origins of HIV and the AIDS Pandemic"
276:. Most of his research was focused on
183:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
1329:Technical University of Munich alumni
456:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
448:2014, Winford P. Larson Lectureship,
234:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
1186:Who's Who in Health Care: Creel-Hall
367:) and SIVsmm from sooty mangabeys (
318:and catalogued genetic variants of
223:University of Alabama at Birmingham
193:thesis specifically focused on the
93:University of Alabama at Birmingham
1294:University of Pennsylvania faculty
14:
835:Svitil, Kathy (1 November 2002).
775:Kreeger, Karen (April 21, 2016).
438:American Society for Microbiology
396:being the true SIVcpz reservoir.
250:Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
1324:21st-century American scientists
1319:20th-century American scientists
238:American Academy of Microbiology
893:Viegas, Jennifer (2013-04-23).
668:Viegas, Jennifer (2013-04-23).
154:Hahn later determined that the
144:simian immunodeficiency viruses
1:
895:"Profile of Beatrice H. Hahn"
670:"Profile of Beatrice H. Hahn"
312:simian immunodeficiency virus
1020:. University of Pennsylvania
444:National Academy of Sciences
246:National Academy of Sciences
242:National Academy of Medicine
64:human immunodeficiency virus
1161:Birmingham Business Journal
1018:Perelman School of Medicine
486:10.1101/cshperspect.a006841
322:and their drug resistance.
179:Technical University Munich
54:Technical University Munich
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336:University of Pennsylvania
166:Beatrice Hahn was born in
129:University of Pennsylvania
97:University of Pennsylvania
270:National Cancer Institute
215:National Cancer Institute
102:
89:National Cancer Institute
77:
1334:American women academics
1015:"Beatrice H. Hahn, M.D."
383:Study on Origin of HIV-1
162:Early life and education
920:10.1073/pnas.1305711110
868:University of Minnesota
695:10.1073/pnas.1305711110
546:10.1073/pnas.1304288110
450:University of Minnesota
1274:Physicians from Munich
1182:"Dr. Beatrice H. Hahn"
1125:10.1098/rstb.2001.0863
1071:10.1098/rstb.2010.0031
172:primary care physician
344:Plasmodium falciparum
195:bovine leukemia virus
117:biomedical researcher
1279:American virologists
813:. September 23, 2010
131:. In November 2002,
123:, the virus causing
1065:(1552): 2487–2494.
911:2013PNAS..110.6613V
686:2013PNAS..110.6613V
603:"Beatrice Hahn, MD"
537:2013PNAS..110.6626P
409:P.t. schweinfurthii
375:of primate origin.
354:Details of research
346:; determining that
990:Penn Medicine News
874:on 20 October 2018
274:Bethesda, Maryland
219:Bethesda, Maryland
16:American biologist
905:(17): 6613–6615.
680:(17): 6613–6615.
531:(17): 6626–6633.
432:Discover Magazine
419:Honors and awards
405:P.t. troglodytes.
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79:Scientific career
39:February 13, 1955
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256:Counsel groups.
109:Beatrice H. Hahn
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454:2016, Elected,
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369:Cercocebus atys
365:Pan troglodytes
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168:Munich, Germany
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50:Alma mater
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85:Institutions
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1269:1955 births
1217:1 September
843:21 December
310:strains of
300:chimpanzees
73:George Shaw
1258:Categories
1243:19 October
1238:Penn Today
1192:19 October
1166:19 October
1024:2016-04-02
996:29 January
970:29 January
878:19 October
839:. Discover
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786:19 October
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304:gorillas
289:HIV/AIDS
278:leukemia
260:Research
190:zoonoses
133:Discover
1134:1088480
1080:2935100
938:3637689
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320:HIV-1
316:HIV-2
148:HIV-1
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1219:2020
1194:2018
1168:2018
1139:PMID
1085:PMID
998:2020
972:2020
943:PMID
925:ISSN
880:2018
845:2014
819:2018
788:2018
753:2018
718:PMID
700:ISSN
569:PMID
551:ISSN
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490:ISSN
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115:and
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1129:PMC
1121:doi
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915:doi
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