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372:, allows more light and heat penetration than traditional glass, resulting in a 30% decrease in energy costs. This choice was made in view of Beijing's goal of presenting a fully "green" Olympic Games, with zero net growth in total carbon emissions. Likewise, the venue was also designed to "capture and recycle 80% of the water falling on the roof or lost from the pools."
40:
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The special award for the most accomplished work in the section
Atmosphere is awarded to the Australian architecture firm PTW Architects, CSCEC + Design and Arup for the project National Swimming Center, Beijing Olympic Green, China. The project demonstrates in a stunning way, how the deliberate
564:
The facility officially reopened on 28 July 2010, with the water park opening on 8 August 2010 (the second anniversary of the Games' opening). The renovation divided the facility into three pool areas (a main pool, Olympic "demonstration" pool, and a training pool), as well as the 12,000 m
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352:
stadium while the Sydney-based partners came up with the idea of covering the 'cube' with bubbles, symbolizing water. Contextually, the Cube symbolizes Earth, while the circle (represented by the elliptic stadium) represents heaven, a common motif in ancient
Chinese art.
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The structure had a capacity of 17,000 during the games. It also has a total land surface of 65,000 square meters and covers a total of 32,000 m (7.9 acres). Although called the Water Cube, the aquatic center is really a
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178 meters (584 ft) square and 31 meters (102 ft) high. The building's popularity has spawned many copycat structures throughout China. For example, there is one-to-one copy of the facade near the ferry terminal in
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561:, led by Canadian design firm Forrec, promising "seven-story water slides and a wave machine, as well as attractions for the more land inclined such as shopping centers, cafes, and performance stages."
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391:. The complex Weaire–Phelan pattern was developed by slicing through bubbles in soap foam, resulting in more irregular, organic patterns than foam bubble structures proposed earlier by the scientist
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events—25 world records were broken in this facility. In July 2010, a renovation of the facility was completed, which included the addition of a 12,000 m (130,000 sq ft) public
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399:, the Water Cube's exterior cladding is made of 4,000 ETFE bubbles, some as large as 9.14 meters (30 ft) across, with seven different sizes for the roof and 15 for the walls.
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348:) of Shanghai. The Water Cube's design was initiated by a team effort: the Chinese partners felt a square was more symbolic to Chinese culture and its relationship to the
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of bubbles in soap lather. In the true Weaire–Phelan structure the edge of each cell is curved in order to maintain 109.5 degree angles at each vertex (satisfying
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After the
Olympics, the Water Cube was opened to the public on select days of the week beginning in June 2009, and was also used as the site for a production of
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morphing of molecular science, architecture, and phenomenology can create an airy and misty atmosphere for a personal experience of water leisure
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In 2018, it was reported that the venue had achieved revenues of 124 million yuan (about US$ 18 million), and has been breaking even for years.
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364:-clad structure in the world with over 100,000 m of ETFE pillows that are only 0.2 mm (1/125 of an inch) in total thickness. The ETFE
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among other shows. On 19 October 2009, the Water Cube was closed to the public to begin a renovation of a portion of the complex into a
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In July 2013, the Water Cube introduced a new LED light show on its exterior, "Nature and Man in
Rhapsody of Light", by artist
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Quote from the Jury report of the
Official Awards 9th International Architecture Exhibition – METAMORPH, Venice Biennale
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were broken by athletes at the Water Cube, although all but two of them were achieved by swimmers wearing the controversial
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387:), but of course as a structural support system each beam was required to be straight so as to better resist axial
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The
Aquatics Center hosted the swimming, diving, and synchronized swimming events during the Olympics.
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It hosted its first event in this configuration, the China Junior
Curling Open, in December 2019.
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Science News article describing the design of the building and the mathematics behind it
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for the aquatic center project. The Water Cube was specially designed and built by a
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In July 2003 the Water Cube design was chosen from 10 proposals in an international
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The Water Cube was originally constructed to host the aquatics competitions at the
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and lighting designer Zheng Jiawei. Its colors are determined by trending use of
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2003:
703:
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1476:"Yearender: Beijing 2022 organizers move focus from construction to operation"
680:
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304:. After renovation and adaptive configuration, the Water Cube also hosted the
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Project of the Year award from the
Australian Institute of Project Management
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Museum of the War of
Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression
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553:
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517:(which led to restrictions on the use of such suits being implemented by
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580:, which is in turn used to calculate the "mood" of the Chinese public
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Video: The
Beijing National Aquatics Center reopened on July 28, 2010.
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was originally planned to be hosted in the venue but was moved to the
3346:
1425:"Water Cube to be frozen into Ice Cube for Beijing 2022 Winter Games"
1081:
Ball, Philip (December 2006). "Science in Culture: Beijing Bubbles".
1000:
Welcome to WaterCube, the experiment that thinks it's a swimming pool
404:
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590:
573:
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528:
409:
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82:
1450:"Convertible curling rink for Beijing 2022 soon to be completed"
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International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering
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The Beijing National Aquatics Center while under construction
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Casino Oceanus – The Unofficial Casino Oceanus Website from
199:
1167:
639:– Award for most accomplished work Atmosphere section
447:
The National Aquatics Center under construction, with the
1534:"Water Cube scoops the pool at project management awards"
1779:
High School Attached to Beijing University of Technology
1272:
eBeijing, the Official Website of the Beijing Government
1794:
Lycée Français International Charles de Gaulle de Pékin
4204:
Buildings and structures in Chaoyang District, Beijing
1588:
News and Project Information on the Watercube, Beijing
1268:"Water Cube will close for renovation from October 15"
1016:
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Many people believed the Water Cube to be the fastest
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Beijing Science and Technology University Gymnasium
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947:"The Water Cube, National Aquatics Center, Beijing"
662:, the UK's biggest prize for engineering innovation
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219:
211:
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194:
172:
151:
143:
135:
127:
88:
74:
66:
61:
3830:Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution
1506:"PTW Projects:Watercube-National Swimming Center"
1308:"Water Cube set to reopen soon with a big splash"
729:Wheelchair curling at the 2022 Winter Paralympics
1399:"Water Cube to be transformed for events on ice"
1191:"China's Olympic Swimming Pool: Redefining Fast"
787:"Beijing's bubble-wrapped "Water Cube" unveiled"
342:China State Construction Engineering Corporation
1333:"Water Cube set to reopen, leisure park on way"
1096:Beijing venues – National Aquatics Center
621:
506:in the world. Over the course of the Games, 25
1243:"Swimming Bans High-Tech Suits, Ending an Era"
3776:
3604:
3412:
3010:
2669:
2494:
2199:
1613:
1023:"Best of What's New 2006 – Engineering"
8:
1292:"In Pictures: Beijing's Water Cube Legacy".
1002:by Peter Rogers in The Guardian, May 6, 2004
752:Sebag-Montefiore, Clarissa (June 25, 2013).
32:
2638:Kuyangshu Nordic Center and Biathlon Center
1150:"Beijing's Water Cube Still Drawing Crowds"
595:The venue in its new curling configuration.
565:(130,000 sq ft) water park area.
432:Water Cube The National Aquatics Center in
288:. During the 2008 Olympics—where it hosted
3783:
3769:
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3589:
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3405:
3397:
3017:
3003:
2995:
2676:
2662:
2654:
2537:
2501:
2487:
2479:
2293:Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium
2206:
2192:
2184:
2033:
1809:
1689:
1620:
1606:
1598:
1106:
1104:
995:
993:
50:
31:
2453:Qinhuangdao Olympic Sports Center Stadium
2368:Beijing Institute of Technology Gymnasium
1804:Yew Chung International School of Beijing
2363:Beijing Shooting Range Clay Target Field
1924:Kempinski Hotel Beijing Lufthansa Center
1764:Canadian International School of Beijing
1731:Beanstalk International Bilingual School
1700:Beijing International Studies University
463:Inside the Water Cube on August 14, 2008
340:international engineering group, CSCEC (
3931:National Centre for the Performing Arts
3428:Olympic venues in synchronized swimming
2278:China Agricultural University Gymnasium
973:"Water Cube - National Swimming Center"
744:
719:Swimming at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
422:
346:China Construction Design International
2468:Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium
1904:Embassy of the United Kingdom, Beijing
1789:Korean International School in Beijing
896:"外媒：9天打破25项世界纪录 水立方简直成游泳圣殿 -- 中国发展门户网"
648:Best of what's new 2006 in engineering
3998:Beijing Capital International Airport
3972:Museum of the Chinese Communist Party
2614:Yanqing National Alpine Skiing Centre
2409:Chaoyang Park Beach Volleyball Ground
2044:Beijing Capital International Airport
1909:Embassy of the United States, Beijing
1571:National Aquatics Center (Water Cube)
875:Beijing Municipal People's Government
754:"Mood Swings at Beijing's Water Cube"
368:, supplied and installed by the firm
7:
4174:Olympic synchronized swimming venues
4013:Beijing Daxing International Airport
3791:Notable buildings and structures in
2443:Qingdao International Sailing Centre
1127:from the original on August 13, 2008
1113:"Projects: National Swimming Center"
714:Swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics
3967:China Science and Technology Museum
3502:Sydney International Aquatic Centre
3308:Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park
3286:Sydney International Aquatic Centre
2912:Sydney International Aquatic Centre
2550:Beijing National Speed Skating Oval
2273:Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park
1975:Beijing National Speed Skating Oval
1960:China Science and Technology Museum
1774:Harrow International School Beijing
1749:British School of Beijing, Sanlitun
724:Curling at the 2022 Winter Olympics
525:Post-2008 Olympics usage and legacy
4149:Venues of the 2022 Winter Olympics
4144:Venues of the 2008 Summer Olympics
1383:邹, 松霖 (2019). "水立方：世界场馆良性循环的优等生".
1216:"Goodhew demands hi-tech suit ban"
1189:Berkes, Howard (August 10, 2008).
25:
4154:Contemporary Chinese architecture
1759:Beijing City International School
1754:Beijing Chen Jing Lun High School
1739:Beijing BISS International School
1647:Beijing central business district
1593:The Water Cube's creation process
27:Swimming center in Beijing, China
3893:China National Convention Center
3878:Beijing National Aquatics Center
3815:Cultural Palace of Nationalities
3675:
3481:
3127:Olympic Sports Park Swim Stadium
3052:
2891:
2748:Olympic Sports Park Swim Stadium
2560:Beijing National Aquatics Center
2509:
2306:
2248:Beijing National Aquatics Center
2214:
2064:Beijing Chaoyang railway station
1955:China National Convention Center
1862:Beijing National Aquatics Center
1799:Pakistan Embassy College Beijing
1769:Deutsche Botschaftsschule Peking
1033:(6): 84–85. Archived from
683:
468:
456:
440:
425:
38:
18:Beijing National Aquatics Centre
4199:Sports venues completed in 2008
3926:Monument to the People's Heroes
3883:Beijing National Indoor Stadium
3741:Beijing National Aquatic Center
3520:Beijing National Aquatic Center
3304:Beijing National Aquatic Center
2930:Beijing National Aquatic Center
2619:Yanqing National Sliding Centre
2565:Beijing National Indoor Stadium
2389:Olympic Green Convention Center
2328:Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium
2253:Beijing National Indoor Stadium
1980:National Tennis Center, Beijing
1934:Beijing National Indoor Stadium
1878:China-Japan Friendship Hospital
1241:Crouse, Karen (July 24, 2009).
1111:Pearson, Clifford (July 2008).
379:, a structure devised from the
375:The outer wall is based on the
261:), is a swimming center at the
3386:Southport Broadwater Parklands
3199:Francisco Márquez Olympic Pool
2820:Francisco Márquez Olympic Pool
2463:Tianjin Olympic Center Stadium
258:
131:4,598 (17,000 during Olympics)
1:
4003:Beijing South railway station
3511:Athens Olympic Aquatic Centre
3295:Athens Olympic Aquatic Centre
2921:Athens Olympic Aquatic Centre
2874:Piscina Municipal de Montjuïc
813:"More Gold at the Water Cube"
4051:The China World Trade Center
4008:Beijing West railway station
3982:National Art Museum of China
3750:Stadio Olimpico Del Ghiaccio
2373:Beihang University Gymnasium
2358:Laoshan Mountain Bike Course
2069:Beijing East railway station
1888:The China World Trade Center
1726:No.80 High School of Beijing
1705:Central Academy of Fine Arts
1522:(page in Flash presentation)
1385:China Economic Weekly 中国经济周刊
3638:Stade Olympique de Chamonix
3473:Georgia Tech Aquatic Center
3455:Jamsil Indoor Swimming Pool
3266:Georgia Tech Aquatic Center
3248:Jamsil Indoor Swimming Pool
2883:Georgia Tech Aquatic Center
2865:Jamsil Indoor Swimming Pool
2458:Hong Kong Equestrian Venues
2399:Olympic Green Archery Field
2298:Olympic Green Tennis Center
2283:Peking University Gymnasium
2258:Beijing Shooting Range Hall
1985:Olympic Green Archery Field
1734:Upper East Side and Dongrun
1359:"China's mood in real-time"
671:Outstanding Structure Award
4220:
4075:Other government buildings
3921:Chairman Mao Memorial Hall
3820:Diaoyutai State Guesthouse
3538:Maria Lenk Aquatics Centre
3026:Olympic venues in swimming
2948:Maria Lenk Aquatics Centre
2394:Olympic Green Hockey Field
1991:Olympic Green Hockey Field
1784:Japanese School of Beijing
1581:February 27, 2012, at the
1060:. London: Reaktion Books.
921:"冬奥百问 | 水立方究竟如何变成冰立方？-中新网"
871:"National Aquatics Centre"
599:The Water Cube hosted the
484:
395:. Using the Weaire–Phelan
4082:National Library of China
3673:
3620:Olympic venues in curling
3479:
3464:Piscines Bernat Picornell
3257:Piscines Bernat Picornell
3230:Swimming Pool - Olimpisky
3181:Stadio Olimpico del Nuoto
3050:
2889:
2847:Swimming Pool - Olimpisky
2802:Stadio Olimpico del Nuoto
2424:Urban Road Cycling Course
2304:
2174:
1744:Beijing Ritan High School
1176:February 1, 2011, at the
322:architectural competition
243:
49:
37:
4189:Swimming venues in China
4184:Sports venues in Beijing
4103:IAP Meteorological Tower
3898:Digital Beijing Building
3873:Beijing National Stadium
3840:National Museum of China
3825:Great Hall of the People
3732:Gangneung Curling Centre
3714:Vancouver Olympic Center
3542:Olympic Aquatics Stadium
3330:Olympic Aquatics Stadium
3145:Olympic Swimming Stadium
3109:Stade Nautique d'Antwerp
2766:Olympic Swimming Stadium
2730:Stade Nautique d'Antwerp
2685:Olympic venues in diving
2555:Beijing National Stadium
2243:Beijing National Stadium
2176:This list is incomplete.
1965:Digital Beijing Building
1939:Beijing National Stadium
1899:Digital Beijing Building
1710:China Women's University
449:Beijing National Stadium
405:rectangular box (cuboid)
255:National Aquatics Centre
70:National Aquatics Centre
4169:Olympic swimming venues
3810:Beijing railway station
3723:Ice Cube Curling Center
3172:Swimming/Diving Stadium
2793:Swimming/Diving Stadium
2404:Wukesong Baseball Field
2263:Wukesong Indoor Stadium
1950:Beijing Olympic Village
1820:Dulwich College Beijing
377:Weaire–Phelan structure
253:(水立方), fully a.k.a the
215:50 m (160 ft)
56:The Water Cube at night
4179:Olympic curling venues
4159:High-tech architecture
4108:New Beijing Poly Plaza
3903:National Tennis Center
3696:The Ice Sheet at Ogden
3356:Paris La Défense Arena
3317:London Aquatics Centre
2586:Capital Indoor Stadium
2348:Fengtai Softball Field
2343:Capital Indoor Stadium
1857:Beijing Dongyue Temple
1852:Beijing Antique Market
1823:Beijing Riviera Campus
1056:Jaivin, Linda (2014).
632:
596:
548:
534:
231:3 m (9.8 ft)
223:25 m (82 ft)
112:39.99167°N 116.38417°E
44:Logo of the Water Cube
4164:Olympic diving venues
4036:Beijing Yintai Centre
3957:China Aviation Museum
3888:Beijing Olympic Tower
3705:Pinerolo Palaghiaccio
3551:Tokyo Aquatics Centre
3373:Long Beach Waterfront
3343:Tokyo Aquatics Centre
3118:Piscine des Tourelles
2957:Tokyo Aquatics Centre
2739:Piscine des Tourelles
2323:Olympic Sports Centre
1945:Beijing Olympic Tower
1868:Beijing Yintai Centre
1544:on September 23, 2015
1037:on September 21, 2013
594:
546:
532:
485:Further information:
298:synchronized swimming
4087:Workers Indoor Arena
3962:China Railway Museum
3667:Kazakoshi Park Arena
3657:Pralognan-la-Vanoise
3560:Paris Aquatic Centre
3446:Olympic Swim Stadium
3239:Olympic Swim Stadium
3100:Djurgårdsbrunnsviken
2966:Paris Aquatic Centre
2856:Olympic Swim Stadium
2721:Djurgårdsbrunnsviken
2519:2022 Winter Olympics
2353:Ying Tung Natatorium
2338:Workers Indoor Arena
2224:2008 Summer Olympics
1883:China Railway Museum
1677:Yayuncun Subdistrict
1667:Wangjing Subdistrict
1486:on December 17, 2019
1117:Architectural Record
925:www.chinanews.com.cn
605:2022 Winter Olympics
587:2022 Winter Olympics
497:Ying Tung Natatorium
487:2008 Summer Olympics
481:2008 Summer Olympics
360:, it is the largest
306:2022 Winter Olympics
282:2008 Summer Olympics
62:Building information
3947:Beijing Planetarium
3802:Ten Great Buildings
3795:from the modern era
1652:Chaowai Subdistrict
1294:Architects' Journal
1222:. February 20, 2009
819:. August 14, 2008.
758:Wall Street Journal
691:Architecture portal
356:Comprising a steel
117:39.99167; 116.38417
108: /
34:
3360:Pont Alexandre III
3347:Odaiba Marine Park
3190:National Gymnasium
3091:White City Stadium
2811:National Gymnasium
2712:White City Stadium
2126:Huixinxijie Nankou
2121:Huixinxijie Beikou
2009:Taikoo Li Sanlitun
1512:on August 19, 2006
1357:Korosec, Kirsten.
1296:. August 19, 2010.
1247:The New York Times
1123:(7). McGraw Hill.
817:The New York Times
793:. January 28, 2008
658:2009: 40th annual
603:events during the
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4061:Jing Guang Centre
4041:CCTV Headquarters
4031:Beijing TV Centre
3844:Workers' Stadium
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3685:21st century
3627:20th century
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1405:. August 11, 2015
1155:Los Angeles Times
1021:arup.com (2006).
734:Timothy Schreiber
709:Rob Leslie-Carter
544:
533:Indoor water park
451:in the background
334:architecture firm
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152:Construction cost
16:(Redirected from
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2014:Workers' Stadium
1970:Ling Long Pagoda
1914:Fairmont Beijing
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1482:. Archived from
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1454:Inside the Games
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508:world records
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418:Paul Steelman
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19:
3853:2023–present
3369:SoFi Stadium
3303:
3221:Olympic Pool
3208:Schwimmhalle
2838:Olympic Pool
2829:Schwimmhalle
2137:Jiaohuachang
2100:Datunlu East
1864:(Water Cube)
1847:798 Art Zone
1546:. Retrieved
1542:the original
1537:
1532:Lee, Ellen.
1527:
1514:. Retrieved
1510:the original
1500:
1488:. Retrieved
1484:the original
1479:
1470:
1458:. Retrieved
1453:
1444:
1432:. Retrieved
1428:
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1402:
1393:
1384:
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1366:. Retrieved
1362:
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1336:
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1315:. Retrieved
1311:
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1293:
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1275:. Retrieved
1271:
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1246:
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1219:
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1194:
1184:
1169:
1163:
1153:
1141:
1129:. Retrieved
1120:
1116:
1091:
1082:
1076:
1057:
1051:
1039:. Retrieved
1035:the original
1030:
1026:
980:. Retrieved
976:
967:
955:. Retrieved
951:the original
940:
930:November 16,
928:. Retrieved
924:
915:
905:November 16,
903:. Retrieved
899:
890:
880:November 16,
878:. Retrieved
874:
865:
855:November 16,
853:. Retrieved
849:
840:
830:November 16,
828:. Retrieved
816:
807:
797:November 16,
795:. Retrieved
790:
781:
771:November 16,
769:. Retrieved
757:
747:
643:
622:
613:
598:
582:
567:
563:
552:
550:
504:Olympic pool
501:
490:
413:
401:
374:
355:
319:
316:Architecture
279:
254:
250:
248:
173:Architect(s)
29:
4194:Water parks
4113:Galaxy SOHO
3835:Minzu Hotel
3154:Empire Pool
3082:Forest Park
2775:Empire Pool
2703:Forest Park
2629:Zhangjiakou
2094:Chaoyangmen
2004:Silk Street
1516:December 6,
1490:January 31,
1460:January 31,
1434:January 31,
1429:China Daily
1409:January 31,
1403:China Daily
1368:January 31,
1342:January 31,
1337:China Daily
1317:January 31,
1312:China Daily
1226:January 31,
704:Chris Bosse
609:Paralympics
389:compression
358:space frame
350:Bird's Nest
328:made up of
310:Paralympics
286:Paralympics
163:140 million
158:940 million
115: /
90:Coordinates
4138:Categories
4123:Leeza SOHO
4046:CCTV Tower
3044:Bay of Zea
2236:New venues
2142:Lishuiqiao
2131:Jianguomen
1999:Ritan Park
1131:August 16,
1041:August 17,
957:August 17,
740:References
578:Sina Weibo
559:water park
521:in 2010).
493:Water polo
326:consortium
302:water park
251:Water Cube
168:94 million
103:116°23′3″E
100:39°59′30″N
33:Water Cube
4066:China Zun
3848:1959–2020
3321:Hyde Park
2414:BMX Field
2162:Yong'anli
2157:Sihuidong
2030:Transport
1840:Landmarks
1686:Education
1548:August 5,
1277:August 5,
1252:August 5,
1220:BBC Sport
1200:August 5,
982:August 5,
825:0362-4331
766:0099-9660
699:Frei Otto
554:Swan Lake
512:LZR Racer
207:Main pool
67:Full name
3212:Dantebad
2525:, China)
2105:Dawanglu
2082:stations
2057:stations
1993:(Closed)
1987:(Closed)
1693:Tertiary
1662:Sanlitun
1657:Dashanzi
1579:Archived
1174:Archived
1125:Archived
677:See also
627:—
515:bodyskin
434:Chaoyang
397:geometry
366:cladding
294:swimming
267:Chaoyang
128:Capacity
3940:Museums
3793:Beijing
2631:cluster
2607:cluster
2605:Yanqing
2534:cluster
2532:Beijing
2523:Beijing
2517:of the
2435:Beijing
2228:Beijing
2222:of the
1672:Yabaolu
1633:Beijing
1058:Beijing
791:Reuters
601:curling
271:Beijing
195:Website
79:Beijing
4096:Others
2574:Others
2515:Venues
2220:Venues
2133:(part)
2116:Guomao
2112:(part)
2096:(part)
1919:INDIGO
1813:Closed
1480:Xinhua
1083:Nature
1064:
823:
764:
665:2010:
651:2008:
642:2006:
635:2004:
618:Awards
412:– the
393:Kelvin
290:diving
259:国家游泳中心
212:Length
187:, and
144:Opened
3073:Seine
2152:Sihui
1640:Areas
1363:ZDNet
669:2010
574:emoji
410:Macau
275:China
236:Lanes
228:Depth
220:Width
181:CSCEC
136:Built
83:China
3746:2026
3737:2022
3728:2018
3719:2014
3710:2010
3701:2006
3692:2002
3663:1998
3653:1992
3643:1988
3634:1924
3574:2032
3565:2028
3556:2024
3547:2020
3534:2016
3525:2012
3516:2008
3507:2004
3498:2000
3469:1996
3460:1992
3451:1988
3442:1984
3378:2032
3365:2028
3352:2024
3339:2020
3326:2016
3313:2012
3300:2008
3291:2004
3282:2000
3262:1996
3253:1992
3244:1988
3235:1984
3226:1980
3217:1976
3204:1972
3195:1968
3186:1964
3177:1960
3168:1956
3159:1952
3150:1948
3141:1936
3132:1932
3123:1928
3114:1924
3105:1920
3096:1912
3087:1908
3078:1904
3069:1900
3040:1896
2980:2032
2971:2028
2962:2024
2953:2020
2944:2016
2935:2012
2926:2008
2917:2004
2908:2000
2879:1996
2870:1992
2861:1988
2852:1984
2843:1980
2834:1976
2825:1972
2816:1968
2807:1964
2798:1960
2789:1956
2780:1952
2771:1948
2762:1936
2753:1932
2744:1928
2735:1924
2726:1920
2717:1912
2708:1908
2699:1904
1719:K-12
1550:2015
1538:Arup
1518:2006
1492:2020
1462:2020
1436:2020
1411:2020
1370:2020
1344:2020
1319:2020
1279:2015
1254:2015
1228:2020
1202:2015
1133:2008
1062:ISBN
1043:2008
984:2015
959:2008
932:2023
907:2023
882:2023
857:2023
832:2023
821:ISSN
799:2023
773:2023
762:ISSN
607:and
519:FINA
362:ETFE
338:Arup
308:and
296:and
284:and
249:The
189:Arup
185:CCDI
147:2008
75:City
4023:CBD
2037:Air
1195:NPR
1121:196
1031:269
653:NSW
576:on
416:by
336:),
265:in
166:EUR
161:USD
156:CNY
4140::
3748::
3739::
3730::
3721::
3712::
3703::
3694::
3665::
3655::
3645::
3636::
3576::
3567::
3558::
3549::
3540:,
3536::
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3509::
3500::
3471::
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3384:,
3380::
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3367::
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3315::
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2728::
2719::
2710::
2701::
1631:,
1536:.
1478:.
1452:.
1427:.
1401:.
1361:.
1335:.
1310:.
1270:.
1245:.
1218:.
1193:.
1152:.
1148:.
1119:.
1115:.
1103:^
1029:.
1025:.
1007:^
992:^
975:.
923:.
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