Knowledge (XXG)

Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)

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1653:. In the past, the names of the members were read in alphabetical order and each member had to announce his or her vote when his name was called, however, since 1995, voting by roll call has been done electronically. Voting by roll call is the most frequently used method and is compulsory in three cases: at the end of debates on a government statement, the vote on bills as a whole and when requested by at least eight members. Secondly, the Chamber may vote by sitting and standing. This method is used in less important cases requiring quick treatment and in which there is a clear majority. In the event of doubt, the vote is taken again or done electronically. Voting by sitting and standing is anonymous and is used for votes on amendments and individual articles of a bill. Finally, the Chamber may conduct a secret vote. In principle, the votes are public and votes on legislation are never secret, only the appointments and nominations the Chamber has to make take place by secret vote. 1437: 1508:, at the beginning of each parliamentary term, which starts on the second Tuesday of October each year. The President is assisted by up to five vice-presidents, two of which are known respectively as the first vice-president and the second vice-president, who are also elected at the beginning of each parliamentary term. The President is customarily a member of one of the parties forming the government coalition, only thrice in the history of the Chamber has the President been a member of the opposition. The first vice-president is usually a member of the other language group than that of the President. The current President of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives is 1607:. The Constitution also provides that the Senate cannot meet when the Chamber of Representatives is not in session. Although the Constitution provides that the Federal Parliament must remain in session for at least 40 days, in practice it remains in session throughout the year. In principle, an ordinary session lasts from the second Tuesday of October until the day before the second Tuesday of October the following year, however, the Federal Parliament goes into recess three times a year, for the Christmas holidays, the Easter holidays and for the summer holidays from 20 July until the end of September. If the Federal Parliament is dissolved and new 109: 1266: 4062: 562: 490: 282: 1843: 1666: 1082: 1815:
a reason to do so, make amendments. The Chamber can subsequently adopt or reject the amendments proposed by the Senate or make new proposals. Whatever the case, the Chamber has the final word on all "ordinary legislation". The Senate may also submit a bill it has adopted to the Chamber which can approve, reject or amend it, in this case the Chamber also has the final word.
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proposals, and may for this purpose hold hearings. A standing committee comprises 17 Representatives, members are appointed using proportional representation. The chairpersons of the committees are also divided among the parties in accordance with the same principle of proportional representation. As a result, some committees are chaired by members of the opposition.
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the same for the entire duration of the legislature, which is four years, unless the Federal Parliament is dissolved early. The Bureau is responsible for the management of the Chamber of Representatives. In addition, the Bureau also appoints and dismisses the staff of the Chamber of Representatives. The Bureau usually meets once every three months.
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and the proposal is rejected. The procedure outlined in Article 53 of the constitution applies to all most decisions, however, the constitution establishes two exceptions: to amend the constitution, a two-thirds majority of the members must be present and at least two-thirds of the votes cast must be
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Article 64 of the Belgian constitution sets forth four qualifications for representatives: each representative must be at least 21 years old, possess the Belgian nationality, have the full enjoyment of civil and political rights, and be resident in Belgium. A representative can only enter into office
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For almost all other legislation, the Chamber of Representatives takes precedence over the Senate. However, the Senate may still intervene as a chamber of consideration and reflection as it has the opportunity to, within specific time limits, examine the texts adopted by the Chamber and, if there is
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The Representatives are divided into two so-called "language groups". Of the total of 150 representatives, 88 are part of the Dutch-language group, which consists of representatives from the Dutch-language area, and 62 are part of the French-language group, which consists of representatives from the
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are answerable to the Chamber of Representatives, in accordance with Article 101 of the Constitution. On taking office, the Federal Government must have the confidence of the majority of the representatives. The Chamber of Representatives is also exclusively responsible for the political control of
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The Chamber of the Representatives has, just like the Senate a College of Quaestors, which consists of five representatives who are elected by the plenary assembly for a duration of two years. The Quaestors are in charge of the housekeeping of the Chamber, they are also responsible for matters such
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In certain matters both the Chamber and the Senate still have equal power, which means that both Chambers must pass exactly the same version of the bill. These include constitutional revisions, laws requiring a qualified majority (the so-called "community laws"), laws on the basic structure of the
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with at least five members. The fractions that have at least 12 members and have no President, Vice-President or Secretary sitting on the Bureau can appoint an additional member. The Bureau is elected for the duration of one parliamentary term, but in practice the composition of the Bureau remains
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The Chamber of Representatives uses committees for a variety of purposes. The Chamber has several standing committees, each of which has responsibility for a particular area of government (for example justice or social affairs). These standing committees examine and consider bills and legislative
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The Chamber of Representatives does not systematically check whether any of these (or other) incompatibilities apply to its members, however, newly elected members are informed of the most important incompatibilities at the start of their mandate and it is up to them to verify whether they are in
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Certain offices are incompatible with the office of representative. Members of a regional or community parliament who take the oath of office as a representative automatically cease to sit in the regional or community parliament, in accordance with the Belgian Electoral Code. The same applies the
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The president presides over the plenary assembly of the Chamber of Representatives, guides and controls debates in the assembly, and is responsible for ensuring the democratic functioning of the Chamber, for the maintenance of order and security in the assembly and for enforcing the Rules of the
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Due to the fragmented nature of Belgian politics, no party family has a realistic chance of winning the 76 seats needed for an outright majority in the Chamber of Representatives. Furthermore, no party family can realistically win enough seats to govern alone. As a result, nearly all Belgian
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Article 53 of the constitution provides that at least a majority of its members must be present in order for the Chamber to make decisions. It is noteworthy that this does not apply to all business of the Chamber, such as debates or questions to members of the federal government, but that a
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must only be present in order to make decisions. If not enough members are present, the decision is invalid. In order to make a decision, at least 50% plus 1 of the members present and voting must vote in the affirmative. If a vote is tied, the president does not have a
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of 50% plus 1 of each language group must be present and at least 50% plus 1 must be present and at least 50% plus 1 of the votes cast in each language group, as well as two-thirds of the votes cast of the two language groups together, must be in the affirmative.
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There is also a Conference of Presidents, which is one of the most important bodies of the Chamber of Representatives. It consists of the president and vice-presidents of the Chamber, former presidents of the Chamber who are still members of the Chamber and the
1144: 1480:. Representatives appointed as a minister cease to sit in the Chamber of Representatives. During their service, the representative is replaced. Individuals resigning as a minister can return to the Chamber in accordance with Article 50 of the 1469:
other way around as well, a representative who takes the oath of office in a regional or community parliament automatically ceases to be a representative. A member of the Chamber of Representatives may not also be a member of the
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after having taken the oath of office, in either of the three official languages in Belgium: Dutch, French or German. Representatives can also choose to take the oath in more than one language. The oath of office is as follows:
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French-language area and the German-language area. For the representatives from the Brussels region, the language in which they take their oath as a representative determines which language group they belong to. Following the
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Chamber of Representatives. The president represents the Chamber at both the national (to the other institutions) and the international level. The president also assesses the admissibility of bills and proposals.
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meets by right on the second Tuesday of October every year for a parliamentary session of at least 40 days. This means that the parliamentary session is opened automatically without being convened by the
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The committees of the Chamber of Representatives usually meet on Tuesday and Wednesday. On Wednesday, the Conference of President meets to set the agenda for the plenary session. On Thursday morning the
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as human resources and computers. The Colleges of Quaestors of the Senate and the Chamber meet regularly to settle common problems concerning the library, buildings, security, catering, etc.
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responsible for the relations with the Chamber attends the meetings of the Conference as well. The Conference meets weekly to discuss the day-to-day business and the work of the Chamber.
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on Thursday afternoon and every two weeks it meets in plenary session on Wednesday as well. Every Thursday afternoon between 2:00 p.m. and 3:00 p.m. is
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are held before the end of the parliamentary term, then the newly elected Chamber meets in extraordinary session until the start of the next ordinary session.
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of the Chamber is decorated in green. In contrast, the hemicycle of the Senate is decorated in red. These colours were inspired on the colours used by the
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The Bureau of the Chamber of Representatives is composed of the President, the Vice-Presidents, the Secretaries and the floor leaders of the
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There are also certain matters for which the Chamber of Representatives is exclusively responsible. These matters include the granting of
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fixes the number of seats in the Chamber of Representatives at 150. There are 11 electoral districts, which correspond with the ten
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the Federal Government. The confidence in the Federal Government may be revoked by the Chamber at any time by the adoption of a
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The following table shows the current (2024) distribution of seats between the language groups and the electoral districts.
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Since the elections of 21 May 1995, there has been a breakdown of powers between the Chamber of Representatives and the
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at the same time, and senators must give up their seats in the Senate in order to join the Chamber of Representatives.
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compliance with the regulations regarding incompatibilities and, if not, to determine which office they will abandon.
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Economy, Science Policy, Education, National Scientific and Cultural Institutions, Middle Classes and Agriculture
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Through functions like the scrutiny of cabinet minister before meetings of the
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The Chamber of Representatives elects a presiding officer, known as the
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in the affirmative, and in order to adopt a so-called special law, a
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have been coalitions between two or more parties or party families.
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Belgian State, laws approving agreements of cooperation between the
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List of presidents of the Chamber of Representatives of Belgium
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and examine their activities, and determining military quotas.
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The Chamber may vote in three manners. Firstly, it may vote by
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Partij van de Arbeid van België – Parti du Travail de Belgique
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Like the Senate, the Chamber of Representatives meets in the
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The seats are divided among the political parties using the
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Revision of the Constitution and Reform of the Institutions
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Rules of Procedure of the Belgian House of Representatives
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meet. The Chamber of Representatives usually meets for a
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Conference of Parliamentary Committees for Union Affairs
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Infrastructure, Communications and Public Enterprises
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A member of the 1197:(five Dutch- and five French-speaking) and the 3683:"Fact Sheet on the composition of the Chamber" 1726:Problems regarding Commercial and Economic Law 4329: 3955: 3896:"Factsheet on the Chamber of Representatives" 1743:Public Health, Environment and Social Renewal 1113: 27:Lower house of the Belgian Federal Parliament 8: 1248:, the Chamber has a German-speaking member ( 1221:and the 35 Dutch-speaking municipalities of 85: 70: 3930:Chamber of Representatives Official Webpage 55: 4336: 4322: 4314: 4016: 3984: 3962: 3948: 3940: 3766: 3764: 1120: 1106: 547: 488: 41: 31: 3715:"Incompatibilities and disqualifications" 1227:municipalities with linguistic facilities 3801: 3799: 1921: 1280: 1264: 3608: 3568: 1705:This is a list of standing committees: 1463:Ich schwöre, die Verfassung zu befolgen 550: 1447:"I swear to observe the Constitution" 7: 5041:Chamber of Representatives (Belgium) 3596:), elected on Ecolo's Brussels list. 2295:Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten 1915:Chamber of Representatives (Belgium) 1225:in Flemish Brabant, including seven 1162:) is one of the two chambers in the 3935:Federal Government Official Webpage 2471:Democratic, Federalist, Independent 2291:Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats 2199:Christen-Democratisch & Vlaams 2195:Christian Democratic & Flemish 1459:Je jure d'observer la Constitution 25: 3579:), elected on MR's Brussels list. 1490:Member of the European Parliament 1252:) for the first time since 1999. 1229:for French-speaking inhabitants. 1147:Kamer van Volksvertegenwoordigers 57:Kamer van Volksvertegenwoordigers 4983:National unicameral legislatures 4553:Democratic Republic of the Congo 4060: 1841: 1834:Relationship with the Government 1664: 1589:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1455:Ik zweer de Grondwet na te leven 1080: 1051:Belgium-United Kingdom relations 560: 280: 107: 4978:National bicameral legislatures 4960:List of legislatures by country 1790:Constitutional Court of Belgium 1527:, ranks immediately behind the 1525:President of the Belgian Senate 5036:1831 establishments in Belgium 4955:List of abolished lower houses 1177:. It is considered to be the " 1069:Politics of the European Union 1: 1904:2024 Belgian federal election 1890:governments since the end of 1797:Council of the European Union 1255:Nevertheless, because of the 1181:" of the Federal Parliament. 1056:Belgium-Netherlands relations 802:Sentence enforcement tribunal 739:Administrative jurisdictions 4298:Political parties in Belgium 1754:Committee on Naturalisations 1061:Belgium–Luxembourg relations 799:Family and juvenile tribunal 3635:Belgian government web site 3575:Excluding Alexia Bertrand ( 1238:proportional representation 449:proportional representation 5062: 4021:Chamber of Representatives 3547:Belgian Federal Parliament 1912: 1901: 1203:sixth Belgian state reform 1134:Chamber of Representatives 789:Tribunal of first instance 678:Chamber of Representatives 36:Chamber of Representatives 4968: 4285: 4246:German-speaking Community 4058: 3839:"Factsheet on the Senate" 2243:Workers' Party of Belgium 1924: 1882:or by the rejection of a 1440:Leopold II takes the oath 1286: 1283: 1156:Chambre des reprĂ©sentants 1046:Belgium-Germany relations 538: 512: 496: 487: 296:Government (demissionary) 279: 106: 99: 72:Chambre des reprĂ©sentants 44: 4813:Northern Mariana Islands 4538:Central African Republic 1215:Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde 1041:France-Belgium relations 4071:Brussels-Capital Region 1959:Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie 1880:motion of no confidence 1316:Brussels Capital Region 1307:Brussels Capital Region 1219:Brussels-Capital Region 1199:Brussels-Capital Region 1006:Communities and regions 4385:Bosnia and Herzegovina 3971:Governments of Belgium 3590:Tinne Van der Straeten 1462: 1458: 1454: 1441: 1287:French language group 1278: 1173:, the other being the 1159: 1155: 185:Servais Verherstraeten 86: 71: 56: 5046:National lower houses 4973:National upper houses 4558:Republic of the Congo 4123:(merged institutions) 3637:. Interior department 2109:Georges-Louis Bouchez 2103:Mouvement RĂ©formateur 1760:Legislative functions 1439: 1284:Dutch language group 1268: 1246:2007 federal election 1213:and the other, named 1185:Members and elections 796:Correctional tribunal 5012:50.84667°N 4.36472°E 4303:Elections in Belgium 3908:on 30 September 2007 3851:on 30 September 2007 3717:. The Belgian Senate 2518:Before 1993: 212 MPs 1955:New Flemish Alliance 1884:motion of confidence 1596:Belgian Constitution 1573:Palace of the Nation 1482:Belgian Constitution 1478:separation of powers 1271:Palace of the Nation 1257:Belgian constitution 1191:Belgian Constitution 837:Justice of the peace 630:Elisabeth of Belgium 588:Constitutional Court 498:Palace of the Nation 453:electoral thresholds 5008: /  4909:Portugal (Republic) 4753:Trinidad and Tobago 4483:Antigua and Barbuda 4293:Politics of Belgium 3695:on 12 November 2005 3557:Politics of Belgium 2960:After 1993: 150 MPs 2513:Former compositions 2210:Christian democracy 2066:Right-wing populism 1970:Flemish nationalism 1909:Current composition 1873:The members of the 1737:Finances and Budget 1701:Standing committees 1533:order of precedence 813:Enterprise tribunal 553:Politics of Belgium 156:since 10 july 2024 4904:Portugal (Kingdom) 4874:Kingdom of Ireland 4568:Dominican Republic 4260:Minister-President 4219:Minister-President 4178:Minister-President 4137:Minister-President 4085:Minister-President 4002:Cabinet of Belgium 3819:on 3 December 2007 3784:on 3 December 2007 3749:on 3 December 2007 2427:The Committed Ones 2345:Melissa Depraetere 2099:Reformist Movement 1875:Federal Government 1853:. You can help by 1824:Federal Government 1748:Special committees 1676:. You can help by 1643:qualified majority 1600:Federal Parliament 1598:provides that the 1557:federal government 1492:at the same time. 1486:Federal Parliament 1442: 1298:Electoral district 1292:Electoral district 1279: 1205:, the province of 1189:Article 62 of the 1167:Federal Parliament 1160:Abgeordnetenkammer 1087:Belgium portal 755:Court of Cassation 709:De Croo Government 655:Federal Parliament 625:Duchess of Brabant 225:Opposition leaders 201:Melissa Depraetere 87:Abgeordnetenkammer 5017:50.84667; 4.36472 4991: 4990: 4790:other territories 4578:Equatorial Guinea 4311: 4310: 4056: 4055: 4052: 4051: 3875:europe.dekamer.be 3533: 3532: 3448: 3447: 3357: 3356: 3272: 3271: 3193: 3192: 3120: 3119: 3041: 3040: 2957: 2956: 2866: 2865: 2787: 2786: 2702: 2701: 2611: 2610: 2510: 2509: 2476: 2442:Social liberalism 2432: 2385: 2340: 2297: 2248: 2200: 2148: 2104: 2056: 2008: 1960: 1871: 1870: 1720:Foreign Relations 1694: 1693: 1575:in Brussels. The 1429: 1428: 1130: 1129: 1034:Foreign relations 986:Political parties 718:Alexander De Croo 546: 545: 477:On or before 2029 93: 92: 16:(Redirected from 5053: 5023: 5022: 5020: 5019: 5018: 5013: 5009: 5006: 5005: 5004: 5001: 4894:Northern Ireland 4879:Irish Free State 4338: 4331: 4324: 4315: 4205:French Community 4124: 4064: 4017: 3985: 3964: 3957: 3950: 3941: 3918: 3917: 3915: 3913: 3907: 3900: 3892: 3886: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3867: 3861: 3860: 3858: 3856: 3850: 3843: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3826: 3824: 3818: 3811: 3803: 3794: 3793: 3791: 3789: 3783: 3776: 3768: 3759: 3758: 3756: 3754: 3748: 3741: 3733: 3727: 3726: 3724: 3722: 3711: 3705: 3704: 3702: 3700: 3694: 3687: 3679: 3673: 3672: 3670: 3668: 3653: 3647: 3646: 3644: 3642: 3627: 3621: 3620: 3613: 3597: 3586: 3580: 3573: 3455: 3454: 3364: 3363: 3279: 3278: 3250:CD&V + N-VA 3200: 3199: 3127: 3126: 3048: 3047: 2969: 2968: 2873: 2872: 2794: 2793: 2709: 2708: 2618: 2617: 2527: 2526: 2505: 2481:François De Smet 2474: 2457: 2430: 2413: 2381: 2365: 2350:Social democracy 2338: 2321: 2293: 2277: 2246: 2229: 2198: 2181: 2157:Jean-Marc Nollet 2146: 2129: 2102: 2085: 2054: 2051:Flemish Interest 2037: 2018:Social democracy 2007:Parti Socialiste 2006: 1989: 1958: 1922: 1866: 1863: 1845: 1838: 1801:European Council 1786:Council of State 1689: 1686: 1668: 1661: 1581:House of Commons 1281: 1153: 1152: 1151: 1149: 1122: 1115: 1108: 1085: 1084: 1083: 784:Court of assizes 762:Appellate courts 743:Council of State 671:Stephanie D'Hose 564: 548: 529: 526: 521: 518: 516: 492: 412: 407: 402: 392: 383: 374: 358: 349: 340: 331: 322: 313: 304: 290:Political groups 284: 163:Majority leaders 111: 101:56th legislature 89: 74: 59: 42: 32: 21: 5061: 5060: 5056: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5051: 5050: 5026: 5025: 5016: 5014: 5010: 5007: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4994: 4992: 4987: 4964: 4950:Multicameralism 4923: 4840: 4822: 4789: 4782: 4464: 4351: 4342: 4312: 4307: 4281: 4240: 4199: 4158: 4122: 4121: 4106: 4065: 4048: 4034: 4027:Representatives 4006: 3973: 3968: 3926: 3921: 3911: 3909: 3905: 3898: 3894: 3893: 3889: 3879: 3877: 3869: 3868: 3864: 3854: 3852: 3848: 3841: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3822: 3820: 3816: 3809: 3805: 3804: 3797: 3787: 3785: 3781: 3774: 3770: 3769: 3762: 3752: 3750: 3746: 3739: 3735: 3734: 3730: 3720: 3718: 3713: 3712: 3708: 3698: 3696: 3692: 3685: 3681: 3680: 3676: 3666: 3664: 3655: 3654: 3650: 3640: 3638: 3629: 3628: 3624: 3615: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3600: 3587: 3583: 3574: 3570: 3565: 3538: 2962: 2520: 2515: 2506: 2503: 2458: 2455: 2414: 2411: 2366: 2363: 2322: 2319: 2301:Egbert Lachaert 2278: 2275: 2230: 2227: 2182: 2179: 2130: 2127: 2086: 2083: 2061:Tom Van Grieken 2038: 2035: 2003:Socialist Party 1990: 1987: 1938: 1917: 1911: 1906: 1900: 1898:Latest election 1867: 1861: 1858: 1851:needs expansion 1836: 1820:naturalisations 1811:policy making. 1762: 1750: 1703: 1690: 1684: 1681: 1674:needs expansion 1659: 1621:plenary session 1569: 1502: 1434: 1407:Walloon Brabant 1363:Flemish Brabant 1223:Halle-Vilvoorde 1207:Flemish Brabant 1201:. Prior to the 1187: 1145: 1143: 1142: 1141: 1126: 1097: 1093:Other countries 1081: 1079: 1074: 1073: 1065: 1036: 1026: 1025: 1016:Arrondissements 1001: 991: 990: 980: 949: 918: 887: 855: 844: 843: 832:Police tribunal 828: 808:Labour tribunal 772:Court of labour 767:Court of appeal 735: 725: 724: 704: 702:Federal Cabinet 694: 693: 687:Eliane Tillieux 657: 647: 646: 603: 593: 592: 578: 555: 523: 522: 513: 473: 461: 442: 425: 410: 400: 399: 390: 381: 372: 367:Opposition (74) 356: 347: 338: 329: 320: 311: 302: 291: 262: 256:Catherine Fonck 254: 245: 237: 231:Peter De Roover 226: 219: 207: 199: 193:Maggie De Block 191: 183: 177:BenoĂ®t PiedbĹ“uf 175: 164: 157: 155: 149:Peter De Roover 144: 130: 129: 95: 94: 38: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5059: 5057: 5049: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5028: 5027: 4989: 4988: 4986: 4985: 4980: 4975: 4969: 4966: 4965: 4963: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4931: 4929: 4925: 4924: 4922: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4850: 4848: 4842: 4841: 4839: 4838: 4832: 4830: 4824: 4823: 4821: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4798:American Samoa 4794: 4792: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4758:United Kingdom 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4600: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4563:Czech Republic 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4474: 4472: 4466: 4465: 4463: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4361: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4343: 4341: 4340: 4333: 4326: 4318: 4309: 4308: 4306: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4286: 4283: 4282: 4280: 4279: 4278: 4277: 4265: 4264: 4263: 4250: 4248: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4238: 4237: 4236: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4209: 4207: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4197: 4196: 4195: 4183: 4182: 4181: 4168: 4166: 4164:Walloon Region 4160: 4159: 4157: 4156: 4155: 4154: 4142: 4141: 4140: 4127: 4125: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4104: 4103: 4102: 4090: 4089: 4088: 4075: 4073: 4067: 4066: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4053: 4050: 4049: 4044: 4042: 4036: 4035: 4031:Constituencies 4025: 4023: 4014: 4008: 4007: 4005: 4004: 3999: 3997:Prime Minister 3993: 3991: 3982: 3975: 3974: 3969: 3967: 3966: 3959: 3952: 3944: 3938: 3937: 3932: 3925: 3924:External links 3922: 3920: 3919: 3887: 3862: 3830: 3795: 3760: 3728: 3706: 3674: 3663:on 1 July 2007 3648: 3622: 3607: 3605: 3602: 3599: 3598: 3581: 3567: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3560: 3559: 3554: 3552:Belgian Senate 3549: 3544: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3530: 3527: 3524: 3521: 3518: 3515: 3512: 3509: 3506: 3503: 3500: 3497: 3493: 3492: 3489: 3486: 3483: 3480: 3477: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3462: 3459: 3446: 3445: 3442: 3439: 3436: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3405: 3404: 3401: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3383: 3380: 3377: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3355: 3354: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3324: 3321: 3317: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3270: 3269: 3266: 3263: 3260: 3257: 3254: 3251: 3248: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3235: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3207: 3204: 3191: 3190: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3166: 3165:SP.A + Spirit 3163: 3159: 3158: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3118: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3105: 3102: 3099: 3096: 3093: 3090: 3087: 3083: 3082: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3070: 3067: 3064: 3061: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3039: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3017: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3004: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2976: 2973: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2914: 2913: 2910: 2907: 2904: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2892: 2889: 2886: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2864: 2863: 2860: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2833: 2829: 2828: 2825: 2822: 2819: 2816: 2813: 2810: 2807: 2804: 2801: 2798: 2785: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2747: 2746: 2743: 2740: 2737: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2700: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2672: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2659: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2609: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2593: 2590: 2587: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2568: 2567: 2564: 2561: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2519: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2507: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2468: 2463: 2460: 2459: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2424: 2419: 2416: 2415: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2396: 2394:Green politics 2391: 2386: 2376: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2332: 2327: 2324: 2323: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2288: 2283: 2280: 2279: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2260: 2255: 2253:Raoul Hedebouw 2250: 2240: 2235: 2232: 2231: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2192: 2187: 2184: 2183: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2164: 2162:Green politics 2159: 2150: 2140: 2135: 2132: 2131: 2126: 2124: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2096: 2091: 2088: 2087: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2048: 2043: 2040: 2039: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2020: 2015: 2010: 2000: 1995: 1992: 1991: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1952: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1940: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1910: 1907: 1902:Main article: 1899: 1896: 1869: 1868: 1848: 1846: 1835: 1832: 1761: 1758: 1749: 1746: 1745: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1713: 1712:Social Affairs 1710: 1702: 1699: 1692: 1691: 1671: 1669: 1658: 1655: 1585:House of Lords 1568: 1565: 1537:Prime Minister 1510:Patrick Dewael 1501: 1498: 1433: 1432:Qualifications 1430: 1427: 1426: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1413: 1412: 1409: 1404: 1401: 1395: 1394: 1391: 1386: 1383: 1377: 1376: 1373: 1368: 1365: 1359: 1358: 1355: 1350: 1347: 1341: 1340: 1337: 1332: 1329: 1323: 1322: 1319: 1313: 1310: 1303: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1289: 1288: 1285: 1234:D'Hondt method 1186: 1183: 1128: 1127: 1125: 1124: 1117: 1110: 1102: 1099: 1098: 1096: 1095: 1089: 1076: 1075: 1072: 1071: 1064: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1037: 1032: 1031: 1028: 1027: 1024: 1023: 1021:Municipalities 1018: 1013: 1008: 1002: 997: 996: 993: 992: 989: 988: 983: 982: 981: 979: 978: 973: 968: 963: 957: 952: 951: 950: 948: 947: 942: 937: 932: 926: 921: 920: 919: 917: 916: 911: 906: 901: 895: 890: 889: 888: 886: 885: 878: 873: 868: 862: 856: 850: 849: 846: 845: 842: 841: 840: 839: 834: 827: 826: 823: 819: 817: 816: 815: 810: 805: 804: 803: 800: 797: 794: 793:Civil tribunal 786: 776: 775: 774: 769: 759: 758: 757: 747: 746: 745: 736: 731: 730: 727: 726: 723: 722: 721: 720: 714:Prime Minister 705: 700: 699: 696: 695: 692: 691: 690: 689: 675: 674: 673: 658: 653: 652: 649: 648: 645: 644: 639: 634: 633: 632: 622: 621: 620: 604: 599: 598: 595: 594: 591: 590: 585: 579: 574: 573: 570: 569: 566: 565: 557: 556: 551: 544: 543: 536: 535: 531: 530: 510: 509: 505: 504: 494: 493: 485: 484: 480: 479: 474: 471: 468: 467: 462: 459: 456: 455: 443: 438: 435: 434: 430: 429: 426: 424:Length of term 423: 420: 419: 418: 417: 408: 397: 388: 379: 364: 363: 354: 345: 336: 327: 318: 309: 292: 289: 286: 285: 277: 276: 273: 269: 268: 264: 263: 247:Raoul Hedebouw 229: 227: 224: 221: 220: 167: 165: 162: 159: 158: 147: 145: 140: 137: 136: 132: 131: 125: 124: 122: 118: 117: 113: 112: 104: 103: 97: 96: 91: 90: 83: 76: 75: 68: 61: 60: 53: 46: 45: 40: 39: 35: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5058: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5033: 5031: 5024: 5021: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4976: 4974: 4971: 4970: 4967: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4945:Tricameralism 4943: 4941: 4940:Unicameralism 4938: 4936: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4926: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4851: 4849: 4847: 4843: 4837: 4834: 4833: 4831: 4829: 4828:Non-UN states 4825: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4788:Dependent and 4785: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4604: 4601: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4475: 4473: 4471: 4467: 4461: 4460:United States 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 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3891: 3888: 3876: 3872: 3866: 3863: 3847: 3840: 3834: 3831: 3815: 3808: 3802: 3800: 3796: 3780: 3773: 3767: 3765: 3761: 3745: 3738: 3732: 3729: 3716: 3710: 3707: 3691: 3684: 3678: 3675: 3662: 3658: 3652: 3649: 3636: 3632: 3626: 3623: 3618: 3612: 3609: 3603: 3595: 3591: 3585: 3582: 3578: 3572: 3569: 3562: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3539: 3535: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3516: 3513: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3494: 3490: 3487: 3484: 3481: 3478: 3475: 3472: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3457: 3456: 3453: 3452: 3443: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3406: 3402: 3399: 3396: 3393: 3390: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3378: 3375: 3372: 3369: 3366: 3365: 3362: 3361: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3340: 3337: 3334: 3331: 3328: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3318: 3314: 3311: 3308: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3284: 3281: 3280: 3277: 3276: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3249: 3246: 3243: 3240: 3237: 3236: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3223: 3220: 3217: 3214: 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1719: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1707: 1706: 1700: 1698: 1688: 1679: 1675: 1672:This section 1670: 1667: 1663: 1662: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1647: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1628: 1626: 1625:Question Time 1622: 1618: 1612: 1610: 1606: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1558: 1554: 1548: 1545: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1521: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1499: 1497: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1474: 1472: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1438: 1431: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1414: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1399:West Flanders 1397: 1396: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1378: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1345:East Flanders 1343: 1342: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1324: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1300: 1297: 1294: 1291: 1290: 1282: 1276: 1272: 1267: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1253: 1251: 1250:Kattrin Jadin 1247: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1184: 1182: 1180: 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2695:KPB-PCB 2604:KPB-PCB 2320:12 / 150 2286:Open VLD 2276:12 / 150 2267:far-left 2238:PVDA-PTB 2228:12 / 150 2190:CD&V 2180:13 / 150 2128:14 / 150 2084:18 / 150 2036:20 / 150 1988:25 / 150 1942:Members 1937:Language 1780:and the 1583:and the 1514:Open Vld 1500:Officers 1275:Brussels 892:Federal 618:Philippe 601:Monarchy 583:Taxation 517:.dekamer 502:Brussels 394:PVDA-PTB 342:Open Vld 333:CD&V 251:PVDA-PTB 197:Open Vld 189:CD&V 4928:Related 4869:Hungary 4846:Defunct 4803:Bermuda 4763:Uruguay 4713:Romania 4678:Namibia 4673:Myanmar 4668:Morocco 4658:Liberia 4653:Lesotho 4628:Jamaica 4613:Ireland 4598:Grenada 4523:Burundi 4518:Bolivia 4503:Belarus 4493:Bahrain 4488:Bahamas 4478:Algeria 4470:Unitary 4440:Somalia 4425:Nigeria 4380:Belgium 4375:Austria 4357:Federal 4274:members 4233:members 4192:members 4151:members 4112:Flemish 4099:members 3980:Belgium 3880:14 July 3721:29 June 3323:Groen! 3241:Groen! 3086:Agalev 3007:Agalev 2947:ROSSEM 2917:Agalev 2832:Agalev 2750:Agalev 2662:Agalev 2504:2 / 150 2499:French 2456:5 / 150 2451:French 2412:8 / 150 2364:9 / 150 2339:Vooruit 2335:Forward 2330:Vooruit 2258:Marxism 2175:French 2123:French 2031:French 1928:Leader 1782:Regions 1716:Justice 1709:Defence 1587:of the 1531:in the 1512:of the 1381:Limburg 1335:Hainaut 1327:Antwerp 1171:Belgium 851:Recent 608:Monarch 508:Website 428:5 years 324:Vooruit 205:Vooruit 4914:Sweden 4864:Guyana 4718:Rwanda 4708:Poland 4638:Jordan 4588:France 4513:Bhutan 4508:Belize 4435:Russia 4415:Mexico 4395:Canada 4390:Brazil 4115:Region 4040:Senate 3667:4 July 3641:30 May 3502:Groen 3499:Ecolo 3414:Groen 3411:Ecolo 3320:Ecolo 3238:Ecolo 3162:Ecolo 3089:Ecolo 3010:Ecolo 2920:Ecolo 2835:Ecolo 2753:Ecolo 2665:Ecolo 2491:Centre 2447:Centre 2407:Dutch 2359:Dutch 2315:Dutch 2223:Dutch 2215:Centre 2155:& 2079:Dutch 1983:Dutch 1939:group 1776:, the 1766:Senate 1633:quorum 1488:and a 1471:Senate 1422:Total 1416:Total 1321:13/16 1301:Seats 1295:Seats 1211:Leuven 1175:Senate 954:Local 662:Senate 411:  401:  391:  382:  373:  357:  348:  339:  330:  321:  312:  303:  151:, 80:German 65:French 4773:Yemen 4738:Spain 4693:Palau 4648:Kenya 4633:Japan 4618:Italy 4603:Haiti 4593:Gabon 4573:Egypt 4543:Chile 4450:Sudan 4420:Nepal 4405:India 3906:(PDF) 3899:(PDF) 3849:(PDF) 3842:(PDF) 3817:(PDF) 3810:(PDF) 3782:(PDF) 3775:(PDF) 3747:(PDF) 3740:(PDF) 3693:(PDF) 3686:(PDF) 3594:Groen 3563:Notes 3526:DĂ©FI 3523:N-VA 3505:SP.A 3435:N-VA 3417:SP.A 3344:N-VA 3326:SP.A 3244:SP.A 3183:N-VA 2586:PRLW 2383:Groen 2379:Green 2374:Groen 2147:Ecolo 2143:Ecolo 2138:Ecolo 1451:Dutch 1389:Namur 1353:Liège 1312:3/16 1138:Dutch 534:Rules 360:Ecolo 351:Groen 272:Seats 217:Groen 213:Ecolo 50:Dutch 4899:Peru 4859:Fiji 4854:Cuba 4688:Oman 4117:and 3914:2007 3882:2024 3857:2007 3825:2007 3790:2007 3755:2007 3723:2007 3701:2006 3669:2007 3643:2014 3514:CDH 3441:FDF 3426:CDH 3347:LDD 3335:CDH 3262:LDD 3253:CDH 3174:CDH 3107:VLD 3101:CDH 3098:CVP 3028:VLD 3022:PSC 3019:CVP 2938:PVV 2935:PRL 2932:PSC 2929:CVP 2859:FDF 2853:PVV 2850:PRL 2847:PSC 2844:CVP 2777:FDF 2771:PVV 2768:PRL 2765:PSC 2762:CVP 2683:PVV 2680:PRL 2677:PSC 2674:CVP 2589:PVV 2583:PSC 2580:CVP 2574:PSB 2571:BSP 2475:DĂ©FI 2466:DĂ©FI 1950:N-VA 1605:King 1594:The 1529:King 1269:The 1132:The 976:2024 971:2018 966:2012 961:2006 945:2024 940:2019 935:2014 930:2009 914:2024 909:2019 904:2014 899:2010 882:2024 876:2019 871:2014 866:2009 612:list 414:DĂ©FI 406:(14) 396:(15) 387:(20) 378:(24) 376:N-VA 335:(11) 326:(13) 317:(16) 308:(20) 298:(76) 235:N-VA 153:N-VA 121:Type 116:Type 3529:VB 3517:MR 3508:PS 3491:18 3485:25 3482:12 3479:14 3473:12 3470:20 3461:13 3458:12 3444:VB 3438:PP 3429:MR 3420:PS 3394:33 3391:14 3388:20 3382:18 3379:23 3376:13 3353:VB 3350:PP 3338:MR 3329:PS 3315:12 3306:27 3303:13 3300:18 3294:17 3291:26 3288:13 3268:VB 3265:FN 3256:MR 3247:PS 3233:17 3224:18 3221:23 3218:10 3215:30 3212:20 3209:14 3189:VB 3186:FN 3177:MR 3168:PS 3157:18 3148:25 3145:24 3139:21 3136:25 3133:23 3116:FN 3113:VB 3095:PS 3092:SP 3078:15 3072:23 3069:18 3066:10 3063:22 3060:19 3057:14 3054:11 3037:FN 3034:VB 3031:VU 3016:PS 3013:SP 2999:11 2993:21 2990:18 2987:12 2984:29 2981:21 2978:20 2953:FN 2950:VB 2941:VU 2926:PS 2923:SP 2909:12 2900:10 2897:26 2894:20 2891:18 2888:39 2885:35 2882:28 2879:10 2862:VB 2856:VU 2841:PS 2838:SP 2821:16 2818:25 2815:23 2812:19 2809:43 2806:40 2803:32 2783:VB 2774:VU 2759:PS 2756:SP 2736:16 2733:22 2730:24 2727:20 2724:49 2721:35 2718:32 2698:VB 2686:VU 2671:PS 2668:SP 2645:20 2642:28 2639:24 2636:18 2633:43 2630:35 2627:26 2607:VB 2598:RW 2592:VU 2554:11 2551:14 2548:22 2545:15 2542:25 2539:57 2533:31 2530:26 2493:to 2401:to 2265:to 2217:to 2169:to 2073:to 2025:to 1977:to 1857:. 1799:or 1680:. 1449:. 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Index

Belgian Chamber of People's Representatives
Dutch
French
German
56th legislature
Coat of arms or logo
Lower house
President
Peter De Roover
N-VA
Ahmed Laaouej
PS
Benoît Piedbœuf
MR
Servais Verherstraeten
CD&V
Maggie De Block
Open Vld
Melissa Depraetere
Vooruit
Kristof Calvo
Ecolo
Groen
Peter De Roover
N-VA
Barbara Pas
Vlaams Belang
Raoul Hedebouw
PVDA-PTB
Catherine Fonck

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