109:
Spera became part of a "directorate" that ruled Cosa Nostra after 1995 when it was established by
Provenzano. This group "of about four to seven people met very infrequently, only when necessary, when there were strategic decisions to make". Among the other members of the directorate were
1101:
1091:
94:. His first conviction in the 1950s was for illegally pasturing his sheep. Later, he made a lot of money from the skimming of public works contracts. Spera was a member of the
875:
169:, where he was to meet Provenzano and Spera's personal physician. Spera and his physician were taken into custody, however, Provenzano was nowhere to be found.
288:
1002:
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901:
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20:
783:
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955:
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917:
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111:
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58:
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1007:
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484:
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517:
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445:
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54:
44:
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866:
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440:
119:
80:
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35:
1012:
758:
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465:
228:
1017:
985:
831:
813:
341:
297:
143:
40:
1075:
1032:
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664:
527:
407:
322:
139:
990:
327:
507:
221:
1037:
975:
598:
353:
240:
161:
Spera was arrested on 20 January 2001. Police apprehended him at a farmhouse in
997:
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922:
891:
616:
593:
362:
358:
337:
99:
19:
695:
570:
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492:
347:
162:
397:
631:
621:
387:
131:
980:
896:
669:
580:
412:
368:
166:
155:
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91:
1027:
679:
636:
626:
123:
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565:
331:
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18:
266:
555:
402:
270:
75:
for the killing of the two prominent anti-mafia judges
938:
910:
859:
774:
751:
735:
714:
688:
655:
607:
579:
546:
483:
474:
421:
378:
304:
201:The Mafia after Provenzano-peace or all-out war?
1102:Sicilian mafiosi sentenced to life imprisonment
1092:Gangsters from the Metropolitan City of Palermo
257:L’altra mafia: Biografia di Bernardo Provenzano
102:and became one of the most trusted advisers of
1008:Sicilian brigandage and rebels (20th century)
282:
254:Oliva, Ernesto & Salvo Palazzolo (2001).
8:
260:, Soveria Mannelli (CZ): Rubbettino Editore.
480:
289:
275:
267:
189:Palermo, arrestato Spera boss di Belmonte
743:Grand Hotel et des Palmes Mafia meeting
178:
39:; born 1 July 1934) is a member of the
727:List of Sicilian Mafia members by city
902:List of victims of the Sicilian Mafia
34:
7:
14:
1003:Italian brigandage (19th century)
882:Direzione Investigativa Antimafia
191:, La Repubblica, January 30, 2001
784:Portella della Ginestra massacre
814:Via Federico Pipitone massacre
722:List of Sicilian Mafia members
1:
83:, receiving life sentences.
956:Article 41-bis prison regime
872:Italian Antimafia Commission
867:Sangiorgi report (1898-1900)
243:, BBC News, January 30, 2001
241:Sicilian mafia boss arrested
16:Member of the Sicilian Mafia
918:1960s Sicilian Mafia trials
165:, 40 kilometres outside of
36:[beneˈdettoˈspɛːra]
1118:
844:Via dei Georgofili bombing
318:Interprovincial Commission
207:, Reuters, April 12, 2006.
1097:Sicilian Mafia Commission
1046:
802:Circonvallazione massacre
122:; Salvatore Rinella from
96:Sicilian Mafia Commission
1056:Organized crime in Italy
219:Oliva & Palazzolo,
929:Pizza Connection Trial
548:Caltanissetta Province
32:Italian pronunciation:
24:
850:Via Palestro massacre
647:San Mauro Castelverde
136:Matteo Messina Denaro
47:Mafia family and the
22:
1051:American Cosa Nostra
966:Banda della Magliana
961:Banda della Comasina
946:American Cosa Nostra
838:Via D'Amelio bombing
796:Viale Lazio massacre
561:Vallelunga Pratameno
538:Campobello di Licata
533:Palma di Montechiaro
112:Salvatore Lo Piccolo
43:and the boss of the
808:Via Carini massacre
116:Andrea Manciaracina
104:Bernardo Provenzano
69:. He was convicted
59:province of Palermo
1061:Mafia bibliography
1023:Sacra Corona Unita
826:Pizzolungo bombing
523:Sambuca di Sicilia
485:Agrigento Province
227:2008-01-12 at the
98:as an ally to the
86:Spera was born in
25:
1069:
1068:
820:Train 904 bombing
710:
709:
642:Belmonte Mezzagno
88:Belmonte Mezzagno
55:Belmonte Mezzagno
45:Belmonte Mezzagno
1109:
887:State-Mafia Pact
790:Ciaculli bombing
765:Second Mafia War
675:Mazara del Vallo
657:Trapani Province
609:Palermo Province
498:Santa Elisabetta
481:
461:Cuntrera-Caruana
305:Chain of command
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284:
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152:Antonino Giuffrè
128:Giuseppe Balsano
120:Mazara del Vallo
81:Giovanni Falcone
77:Paolo Borsellino
38:
33:
23:Benedetto Spera.
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1072:
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1013:Mala del Brenta
934:
906:
855:
776:
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759:First Mafia War
747:
731:
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603:
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542:
503:Porto Empedocle
470:
417:
380:Codes and terms
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229:Wayback Machine
216:
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205:Philip Pullella
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28:Benedetto Spera
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12:
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986:Corsican mafia
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973:
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835:
832:Capaci bombing
829:
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405:
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366:
356:
351:
345:
342:Capomandamento
335:
325:
320:
315:
308:
306:
302:
301:
298:Sicilian Mafia
296:
294:
293:
286:
279:
271:
262:
261:
246:
245:
233:
209:
193:
177:
176:
174:
171:
144:Vincenzo Virga
114:from Palermo;
41:Sicilian Mafia
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1114:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1087:Living people
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1062:
1059:
1057:
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1036:
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1033:Stuppagghiari
1031:
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1021:
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951:Anonima sarda
949:
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703:
699:
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687:
681:
678:
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673:
671:
668:
666:
665:Castelvetrano
663:
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658:
654:
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643:
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638:
635:
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630:
628:
625:
623:
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531:
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528:Casteltermini
526:
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364:
360:
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355:
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346:
343:
339:
336:
333:
329:
326:
324:
323:Capo dei capi
321:
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303:
299:
292:
287:
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280:
278:
273:
272:
269:
265:
259:
258:
250:
249:
242:
237:
234:
231:
230:
226:
223:
222:L’altra mafia
213:
210:
206:
202:
197:
194:
190:
182:
179:
172:
170:
168:
164:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
140:Castelvetrano
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
107:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
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82:
78:
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68:
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60:
56:
52:
51:
46:
42:
37:
29:
21:
991:Unione Corse
777:and bombings
263:
255:
252:(in Italian)
236:
220:
217:(in Italian)
212:
196:
186:(in Italian)
181:
160:
108:
85:
70:
48:
27:
26:
1082:1934 births
1038:Vendicatori
1018:'Ndrangheta
976:Beati Paoli
931:(1985–1986)
925:(1986–1992)
767:(1981–1984)
761:(1962–1963)
599:Pagliarelli
589:Porta Nuova
354:Consigliere
350:(Sottocapo)
72:in absentia
65:, southern
1076:Categories
971:Basilischi
923:Maxi Trial
892:Addiopizzo
617:Camporeale
594:Brancaccio
476:Mandamenti
431:Corleonesi
393:Mandamento
363:Caporegime
359:Capodecina
312:Commission
100:Corleonesi
50:mandamento
860:Antimafia
775:Massacres
696:Mistretta
571:Mussomeli
513:Cianciana
508:Canicattì
493:Agrigento
456:Inzerillo
371:(Soldier)
348:Underboss
163:Mezzojuso
736:Meetings
702:Siracusa
632:Bagheria
622:Corleone
466:Graviano
436:Galatolo
388:Made man
314:(Cupola)
225:Archived
132:Monreale
998:Garduña
981:Camorra
939:Related
897:Pentito
876:members
715:Members
670:Trapani
581:Palermo
413:Pizzino
369:Soldato
173:Sources
167:Palermo
156:Caccamo
148:Trapani
92:Palermo
90:, near
57:in the
1028:Stidda
911:Trials
852:(1993)
846:(1993)
840:(1992)
834:(1992)
828:(1985)
822:(1984)
816:(1983)
810:(1982)
804:(1982)
798:(1969)
792:(1963)
786:(1947)
680:Alcamo
637:Trabia
627:Cinisi
518:Ribera
451:Motisi
446:Minore
398:Omertà
328:Family
150:; and
124:Trabia
63:Sicily
689:Other
566:Riesi
441:Greco
423:Clans
408:Pizzo
403:Faida
332:Cosca
154:from
146:from
138:from
130:from
118:from
67:Italy
752:Wars
700:Sud
556:Gela
338:Boss
79:and
203:by
53:of
1078::
158:.
142:;
134:;
126:;
106:.
61:,
878:)
874:(
365:)
361:(
344:)
340:(
334:)
330:(
290:e
283:t
276:v
30:(
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