2444:
2596:
1823:
495:
325:
1233:
75:
5893:
59:
1228:
49:
1308:
5904:
5924:
1311:
5934:
5883:
5914:
1517:
1313:
1312:
5513:
2894:
1879:
from water because of its high solubility in hot water and poor solubility in cold water. The avoidance of organic solvents for the recrystallization makes this experiment particularly safe. This process usually gives a yield of around 65%.
1241:
1208:
3306:
Santonastaso, Marco; Freakley, Simon J.; Miedziak, Peter J.; Brett, Gemma L.; Edwards, Jennifer K.; Hutchings, Graham J. (21 November 2014). "Oxidation of Benzyl
Alcohol using in Situ Generated Hydrogen Peroxide".
2094:
3512:
1287:
3487:
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DIRECTIVE No 95/2/EC of 20 February 1995 on food additives other than colours and sweeteners (Consleg-versions do not contain the latest changes in a law)
5676:
2252:
of benzoic acid as a preservative in food are between 0.05 and 0.1%. Foods in which benzoic acid may be used and maximum levels for its application are controlled by local food laws.
4038:
3992:
1872:
Benzoic acid is cheap and readily available, so the laboratory synthesis of benzoic acid is mainly practiced for its pedagogical value. It is a common undergraduate preparation.
4454:
5641:
1530:
5671:
5127:
3351:
5631:
3617:
2340:
Benzoic acid occurs naturally as do its esters in many plant and animal species. Appreciable amounts are found in most berries (around 0.05%). Ripe fruits of several
1314:
2210:
is decreased by 95%. The efficacy of benzoic acid and benzoate is thus dependent on the pH of the food. Benzoic acid, benzoates and their derivatives are used as
4808:
3442:
Pastrorova I, de Koster CG, Boom JJ (1997). "Analytic Study of Free and Ester Bound
Benzoic and Cinnamic Acids of Gum Benzoin Resins by GC-MS HPLC-frit FAB-MS".
1322:
5563:
3873:
3846:
3273:
5816:
5530:
544:
5754:
4071:
3803:
Cosmetic
Ingredient Review Expert Panel Bindu Nair (2001). "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Benzyl Alcohol, Benzoic Acid, and Sodium Benzoate".
2927:
2645:
4044:
5592:
3489:
5636:
5498:
4447:
3471:
3387:"Mechanism of action of benzoic acid on Zygosaccharomyces bailii: effects on glycolytic metabolite levels, energy production, and intracellular pH"
5606:
2443:
1336:
3505:
2099:
The temperature required can be lowered to 200 °C by the addition of catalytic amounts of copper(II) salts. The phenol can be converted to
1153:
5450:
5597:
5545:
4752:
4398:
4364:
3580:
3192:
3127:
3102:
3069:
2950:
2727:
1122:
3241:
5937:
5800:
5611:
5540:
5465:
5284:
3734:
Juteau, Pierre; Valérie Côté; Marie-France
Duckett; Réjean Beaudet; François Lépine; Richard Villemur; Jean-Guy Bisaillon (January 2005).
3208:
2595:
5788:
5666:
4440:
2464:
2453:
2372:. Among animals, benzoic acid has been identified primarily in omnivorous or phytophageous species, e.g., in viscera and muscles of the
4801:
3368:
1329:
3537:
3455:
5805:
5764:
5729:
5714:
5696:
5621:
5400:
2837:
509:
3143:
Shirley, D. A. (1954). "The
Synthesis of Ketones from Acid Halides and Organometallic Compounds of Magnesium, Zinc, and Cadmium".
5810:
5646:
5577:
5572:
1964:
1822:
5749:
5656:
5520:
5435:
5198:
4064:
5778:
5651:
5488:
5455:
4029:
3614:
1189:
4007:
3163:
Huryn, D. M. (1991). "Carbanions of Alkali and
Alkaline Earth Cations: (ii) Selectivity of Carbonyl Addition Reactions". In
5554:
5508:
4944:
4794:
4273:
3736:"Cryptanaerobacter phenolicus gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobe that transforms phenol into benzoate via 4-hydroxybenzoate"
1876:
1283:
5783:
1273:
452:
1232:
5973:
5837:
5535:
5493:
4847:
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4415:
2586:
2199:
473:
5832:
4057:
3280:
2711:
1537:
926:
58:
1860:
benzoic acid derivatives. For this reason, benzoic acid for human consumption was obtained by dry distillation of
5968:
5862:
5582:
2890:
2641:
2626:
2565:
1955:
332:
5724:
5085:
5077:
4920:
4049:
1359:
397:
3506:"Indications of the possible formation of benzene from benzoic acid in foods, BfR Expert Opinion No. 013/2006"
2853:
Olmstead, William N.; Bordwell, Frederick G. (1980). "Ion-pair association constants in dimethyl sulfoxide".
2808:
5704:
5616:
5057:
4932:
4757:
4403:
2278:
1916:
958:
5917:
3486:
2678:, Taiwan, a city health survey in 2010 found that 30% of dried and pickled food products had benzoic acid.
1924:
1227:
403:
320:
5958:
5772:
5692:
5587:
5410:
5289:
4085:
2267:
1094:
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5794:
5744:
5739:
5483:
5231:
4369:
3986:
3168:
3033:
1774:
1680:
1255:
1220:
887:
99:
48:
31:
1753:
1667:
Benzoic acid occurs naturally in many plants and serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of many
192:
1777:
properties of benzoic acid, which was used for a long time in the preservation of benzoate-containing
262:
5907:
5221:
5050:
4905:
4715:
4374:
3398:
2532:
2517:
1749:
1668:
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87:
3094:
5963:
5923:
5867:
5626:
5324:
4110:
3572:
2978:
2762:
2708:
Nomenclature of
Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book)
2618:
2491:
2294:
2207:
2194:
salt. The mechanism starts with the absorption of benzoic acid into the cell. If the intracellular
2120:
1763:
1448:
490:
158:
5525:
5478:
5420:
5304:
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74:
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5852:
5661:
5347:
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3820:
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3757:
3716:
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3098:
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1920:
1853:
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1462:
1457:
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1402:
1016:
3597:
5503:
5415:
5395:
5243:
5213:
4829:
4602:
4512:
4463:
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3958:
3921:
3913:
3812:
3747:
3706:
3665:
3638:
3564:
3451:
3414:
3406:
3356:
3316:
3180:
3176:
3087:
3000:
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2862:
2715:
2653:
2536:
2513:
2502:
2460:
2329:
2167:
1849:
1833:
1737:
1693:
1672:
1590:
1554:
1484:
1036:
975:
667:
567:
461:
5719:
5425:
5387:
5357:
5203:
5136:
5001:
4986:
4910:
4877:
4691:
4681:
4530:
4304:
4226:
4163:
4158:
4034:
3621:
3541:
3493:
3475:
3046:
2983:
2818:, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 2014-05-23)
2648:(IPCS) suggests a provisional tolerable intake would be 5 mg/kg body weight per day.
2578:
2479:
2395:
2390:
2290:
2234:
2159:
2124:
1939:
1861:
1661:
1442:
1428:
366:
3639:"Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 26: BENZOIC ACID AND SODIUM BENZOATE"
3565:
282:
3402:
2119:, such as the glycol-, diethyleneglycol-, and triethyleneglycol esters, are obtained by
1408:
494:
324:
242:
168:
5842:
5006:
4971:
4867:
4763:
4432:
4409:
4188:
4138:
4012:
3926:
3901:
3184:
2557:
2430:
2373:
2226:
1935:
1644:), thus benzoic acid is also denoted as BzOH, since the benzoyl group has the formula –
1508:
1479:
900:
3419:
3386:
3064:(Pearson new international ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. p. 985.
2886:
5952:
5847:
5367:
5175:
5036:
5016:
4927:
4892:
4313:
4231:
3410:
2910:
2614:
2406:
2256:
2249:
2171:
1904:
can be hydrolyzed to benzoic acid or its conjugate base in acid or basic conditions.
1767:
1071:
656:
646:
313:
3832:
2545:
can be obtained by the reaction of alcohols under acidic water free conditions with
5897:
5857:
5372:
5185:
5155:
5026:
5011:
4857:
4592:
4484:
4471:
4178:
4143:
4091:
3978:
2553:
2546:
2528:
2402:
2302:
2215:
2211:
2100:
1912:
1897:
1857:
1499:
1474:
2362:) contain as much as 0.03–0.13% free benzoic acid. Benzoic acid is also formed in
3615:
Experiment 2: Using Bomb
Calorimetry to Determine the Resonance Energy of Benzene
3242:"Experiment 9: Synthesis of Benzoic Acid via Carbonylation of a Grignard Reagent"
3173:
Comprehensive
Organic Synthesis, Volume 1: Additions to C—X π-Bonds, Part 1
2788:
5927:
5887:
5473:
5430:
5362:
5342:
5319:
5294:
5098:
5093:
5071:
5064:
5021:
4991:
4961:
4817:
4634:
4480:
4379:
4338:
4323:
4308:
4300:
4251:
4153:
4123:
3949:
Bedford PG, Clarke EG (1972). "Experimental benzoic acid poisoning in the cat".
3776:
3670:
3653:
3164:
3145:
2719:
2622:
2524:
2426:
2309:
2230:
2222:
2218:
2116:
1814:
1745:
1741:
1657:
1640:
group is often abbreviated "Bz" (not to be confused with "Bn" which is used for
1633:
1489:
1386:
1348:
1265:
873:
744:
425:
1766:
determined the composition of benzoic acid. These latter also investigated how
5688:
5440:
5405:
5334:
5121:
4996:
4956:
4825:
4733:
4629:
4610:
4587:
4577:
4569:
4520:
4384:
4348:
4343:
4328:
4246:
4241:
4216:
4198:
4173:
4168:
4118:
3816:
2542:
2328:
In teaching laboratories, benzoic acid is a common standard for calibrating a
2317:
2298:
1778:
1683:
for the industrial synthesis of many other organic substances. The salts and
1022:
869:
851:
833:
797:
767:
733:
712:
595:
273:
17:
3360:
3328:
2996:
2664:. Lethal dose for cats can be as low as 300 mg/kg body weight. The oral
5734:
5445:
5377:
5352:
5314:
5279:
5271:
5253:
5238:
5226:
5170:
5147:
5115:
5110:
4900:
4728:
4699:
4582:
4560:
4552:
4538:
4467:
4333:
4318:
4295:
4193:
4128:
2960:
2582:
2347:
2342:
2313:
2187:
2152:
2136:
1901:
1811:
1494:
996:
855:
3824:
3761:
3720:
3005:
1942:
and virtually all benzyl derivatives are readily oxidized to benzoic acid.
3970:
3935:
3752:
3735:
3679:
3428:
2259:(vitamin C) in some soft drinks, forming small quantities of carcinogenic
2255:
Concern has been expressed that benzoic acid and its salts may react with
1919:. This synthesis offers a convenient exercise for students to carry out a
5709:
5299:
5248:
5104:
5044:
4872:
4842:
4654:
4639:
4556:
4493:
4183:
4133:
2355:
2297:
and Friar's balsam. Such products have a long history of use as topical
2282:
2238:
2179:
1845:
1625:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1294:
1261:
771:
358:
350:
293:
3711:
3694:
3456:
10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199703)8:2<63::AID-PCA337>3.0.CO;2-Y
2866:
1915:
can be converted to benzoic acid by "carboxylation" of the intermediate
302:
5165:
4882:
4852:
4786:
4721:
4663:
4502:
4236:
4221:
4148:
3962:
2634:
2561:
2260:
2242:
2203:
2191:
1889:
1799:
1637:
1610:
1058:
837:
801:
760:
756:
740:
722:
718:
626:
412:
333:
5882:
3917:
3320:
5309:
5267:
4837:
4644:
4620:
3567:
Wilson and
Gisvold's Textbook of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical
3120:
Introduction to Organic Laboratory Techniques: A Small Scale Approach
2687:
2675:
2410:
2381:
2183:
2131:. These plasticizers, which are used similarly to those derived from
1951:
1807:
1803:
1641:
1044:
752:
748:
253:
1507:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
3349:
Maki, Takao; Takeda, Kazuo (2000). "Benzoic Acid and Derivatives".
2928:"Scientists uncover last steps for benzoic acid creation in plants"
1817:. The process uses abundant materials, and proceeds in high yield.
386:
5263:
4915:
4287:
4100:
2832:(8 ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman and Company. pp. AP12.
2671:
for rats is 3040 mg/kg, for mice it is 1940–2263 mg/kg.
2661:
2652:
have a significantly lower tolerance against benzoic acid and its
2498:
2487:
2363:
2175:
2104:
1893:
1684:
1054:
436:
233:
191:
181:
3740:
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
3511:. German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment. 1 December 2005.
2182:. It is either added directly or created from reactions with its
2398:
contains up to 20% of benzoic acid and 40% benzoic acid esters.
2281:
which is used for the treatment of fungal skin diseases such as
2155:
2128:
1841:
616:
377:
4790:
4436:
4053:
3902:"Studies on the mechanism of the antifungal action of benzoate"
5160:
2657:
2649:
1422:
3654:"Direct Colorimetric Determination of Hippuric Acid in Urine"
2811:
in Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.);
2594:
2442:
2089:{\displaystyle {\ce {C6H5CO2H + 1/2 O2 -> C6H5OH + CO2}}}
1821:
478:
57:
47:
2981:(1832). "Untersuchungen über das Radikal der Benzoesäure".
2195:
1717:
1711:
1702:
1572:
1560:
2813:
1736:
Benzoic acid was discovered in the sixteenth century. The
4008:"Nearly 30% dried, pickled foods fail safety inspections"
3563:
Charles Owens Wilson; Ole Gisvold; John H. Block (2004).
3469:
GSFA Online Food Additive Group Details: Benzoates (2006)
2456:
reaction will take place mainly in 3-position due to the
2082:
2063:
2050:
2034:
2005:
1992:
1979:
1864:. Food-grade benzoic acid is now produced synthetically.
1578:
1306:
3602:
Practical Druggist and Pharmaceutical Review of Reviews
1525:
4039:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
2945:(6 ed.). Stuttgart: Frankh'sche Verlagshandlung.
2143:
Precursor to sodium benzoate and related preservatives
2014:
1832:
The first industrial process involved the reaction of
1967:
1950:
Benzoic acid is mainly consumed in the production of
1708:
1705:
1581:
1569:
1563:
351:
3775:
Brewster, R. Q.; Williams, B.; Phillips, R. (1955).
3209:"The Grignard Reaction. Preparation of Benzoic Acid"
2490:
are the product of the acid catalysed reaction with
1720:
1699:
1557:
5825:
5763:
5687:
5642:
2024 United Kingdom Shigatoxigenic E. coli outbreak
5464:
5386:
5333:
5262:
5212:
5184:
5146:
5035:
4943:
4891:
4824:
4708:
4690:
4672:
4653:
4619:
4601:
4568:
4551:
4529:
4511:
4492:
4479:
4357:
4286:
4260:
4207:
4109:
4099:
4035:
SIDS Initial Assessment Report for Benzoic Acid
1696:
1566:
3086:
2425:Reactions of benzoic acid can occur at either the
2293:, benzoic acid is also a major ingredient in both
2088:
518:InChI=1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
3991:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
3247:. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Archived from
2690: – Organic compound and a form of vitamin B3
528:InChI=1/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
209:
424:
2790:Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds
1310:
167:
3571:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp.
3352:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
1856:. The product contains significant amounts of
1664:, which was for a long time its only source.
4802:
4448:
4065:
2787:Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1952).
8:
5817:Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition
5632:2017–2018 South African listeriosis outbreak
5531:1985 Austrian diethylene glycol wine scandal
3214:. Portland Community College. Archived from
2895:Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2816:, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69
1353:121.5 °C (250.7 °F; 394.6 K)
5755:United Kingdom food information regulations
3274:"Experiment 3: Preparation of Benzoic Acid"
2757:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2589:can be achieved by heating the silver salt.
1714:
1575:
4809:
4795:
4787:
4565:
4489:
4455:
4441:
4433:
4106:
4072:
4058:
4050:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3309:Organic Process Research & Development
2646:International Programme on Chemical Safety
1660:carboxylic acid. The name is derived from
493:
323:
281:
36:
5593:2008 United States salmonellosis outbreak
3925:
3751:
3710:
3669:
3418:
3122:. Thomson Brooks/Cole. pp. 312–314.
3093:(3rd ed.). Pergamon Press. pp.
3004:
2637:which is also excreted as hippuric acid.
2581:to benzene may be effected by heating in
2523:Highly reactive acid derivatives such as
2380:) as well as in gland secretions of male
2081:
2076:
2062:
2057:
2049:
2044:
2033:
2028:
2004:
1999:
1991:
1986:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1966:
1794:Benzoic acid is produced commercially by
460:
5637:2018 Australian strawberry contamination
5499:Morinaga Milk arsenic poisoning incident
4006:Chen, Jian; Y.L. Kao (18 January 2010).
3085:D. D. Perrin; W. L. F. Armarego (1988).
2882:
2880:
2878:
2876:
1651:
1647:
1620:
1616:
1600:
1596:
1367:571 °C (1,060 °F; 844 K)
30:"E210" redirects here. For the car, see
5607:2011 United States listeriosis outbreak
4030:International Chemical Safety Card 0103
2906:
2904:
2902:
2699:
2214:for acidic foods and beverages such as
2147:Benzoic acid and its salts are used as
1927:forming reaction in organic chemistry.
549:
514:
489:
402:
301:
5622:2015 Mozambique funeral beer poisoning
5199:Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
3984:
3900:Krebs HA, Wiggins D, Stubbs M (1983).
3344:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3042:
3031:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2633:into hippuric acid. Humans metabolize
2405:, benzoate is produced in plants from
2170:. Benzoic acid inhibits the growth of
661:250 °C (482 °F; 523 K)
651:122 °C (252 °F; 395 K)
314:
3880:. Technische Universität Braunschweig
3853:. Technische Universität Braunschweig
2409:. A pathway has been identified from
521:Key: WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
261:
241:
7:
5913:
5801:Institute for Food Safety and Health
5541:Australian meat substitution scandal
5509:Moroccan oil poisoning disaster 1959
5285:Arsenic contamination of groundwater
3089:Purification of Laboratory Chemicals
2447:benzoic acid aromatic ring reactions
5933:
5789:Food Information and Control Agency
3279:. Towson University. Archived from
2527:are easily obtained by mixing with
2454:Electrophilic aromatic substitution
2103:, which is a starting material for
531:Key: WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYAD
415:
385:
3518:from the original on 26 April 2006
3185:10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00002-0
2585:in the presence of copper salts.
1852:is converted to benzoic acid with
25:
5806:International Food Safety Network
5730:International Food Safety Network
5451:Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
5401:Acid-hydrolyzed vegetable protein
5128:Shigatoxigenic and verotoxigenic
2617:. Benzoic acid is metabolized by
2277:Benzoic acid is a constituent of
2135:ester, represent alternatives to
1773:In 1875 Salkowski discovered the
5932:
5922:
5912:
5903:
5902:
5891:
5881:
5811:Ministry of Food and Drug Safety
5647:Kobayashi red yeast rice scandal
5578:2008 Canada listeriosis outbreak
5573:ICA meat repackaging controversy
3411:10.1128/AEM.57.12.3410-3414.1991
2855:The Journal of Organic Chemistry
2366:after infection with the fungus
2289:. As the principal component of
1875:Benzoic acid can be purified by
1692:
1679:. Benzoic acid is an important
1589:is a white (or colorless) solid
1553:
1515:
1231:
1226:
579:
73:
5750:Quality Assurance International
5657:Food safety incidents in Taiwan
5627:2017 Brazil Operation Weak Meat
5521:1971 Iraq poison grain disaster
5436:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
2625:, which is then metabolized by
2609:Safety and mammalian metabolism
1836:(trichloromethyl benzene) with
1511:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
5779:European Food Safety Authority
5652:Food safety incidents in China
5489:1858 Bradford sweets poisoning
5456:Water fluoridation controversy
3965:(inactive 11 September 2024).
3695:"Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis"
2830:Quantitative Chemical Analysis
2712:The Royal Society of Chemistry
2621:into an intermediate product,
2037:
1806:. The process is catalyzed by
1190:Occupational safety and health
585:
573:
1:
4274:3-(p-Fluorobenzoyloxy)tropane
4261:ArCO2- (not para-amino or Ph)
3385:A D Warth (1 December 1991).
2245:) and other acidified foods.
1931:Oxidation of benzyl compounds
1687:of benzoic acid are known as
5784:Food and Drug Administration
5466:Food contamination incidents
3652:Tomokuni K, Ogata M (1972).
2599:benzoic acid group reactions
2482:apply also to benzoic acid.
2308:Benzoic acid was used as an
1770:is related to benzoic acid.
1675:of benzoic acid are used as
822:g/100 g (19.2 °C)
611:Colorless crystalline solid
5838:Food and drink prohibitions
5612:Bihar school meal poisoning
5536:United Kingdom BSE outbreak
5494:1900 English beer poisoning
4848:Antibiotic use in livestock
3874:"glycine N-acyltransferase"
2720:10.1039/9781849733069-00648
2587:Hunsdiecker decarboxylation
2388:) or Asian bull elephants (
2320:in the early 20th century.
2198:changes to 5 or lower, the
1375:or concentration (LD, LC):
882:g/100 g (25 °C)
864:g/100 g (25 °C)
846:g/100 g (20 °C)
828:g/100 g (23 °C)
810:g/100 g (−18 °C)
792:g/100 g (23 °C)
786:g/100 g (−13 °C)
780:g/100 g (−18 °C)
43:
27:Organic compound (C6H5COOH)
5990:
5833:Curing (food preservation)
4906:Monosodium glutamate (MSG)
4365:Anesthetic/vasoconstrictor
3791:, vol. 3, p. 337
3596:Lillard, Benjamin (1919).
2930:. Purdue Agriculture News.
2917:. Retrieved on 2014-05-23.
2501:are usually prepared from
2336:Biology and health effects
2265:
816:g/100 g (15 °C)
29:
5876:
5863:Genetically modified food
5715:Food labeling regulations
5583:2008 Chinese milk scandal
4747:
4393:
4270:(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoyl)
3817:10.1080/10915810152630729
3777:"3,5-Dinitrobenzoic Acid"
3671:10.1093/clinchem/18.4.349
3598:"Troches of Benzoic Acid"
3474:26 September 2007 at the
2891:GESTIS Substance Database
2642:World Health Organization
2324:Niche and laboratory uses
2111:Precursor to plasticizers
1956:oxidative decarboxylation
1505:
1414:
1371:
1207:
1187:
1182:
1064:
1009:
560:
540:
505:
151:
110:
98:
86:
81:
72:
42:
5725:Food safety in Australia
4921:High-fructose corn syrup
3361:10.1002/14356007.a03_555
3118:Donald L. Pavia (2004).
2997:10.1002/jlac.18320030302
1923:, an important class of
1274:Precautionary statements
5705:Acceptable daily intake
5617:2013 horse meat scandal
5058:Clostridium perfringens
4324:Cinchocaine (Dibucaine)
4086:sodium channel blockers
3355:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
3060:Wade, Leroy G. (2014).
2828:Harris, Daniel (2010).
2463:; i.e. benzoic acid is
2127:with the corresponding
1917:phenylmagnesium bromide
1790:Industrial preparations
1744:was first described by
959:Magnetic susceptibility
5773:Centre for Food Safety
5588:2008 Irish pork crisis
5290:Benzene in soft drinks
3391:Appl Environ Microbiol
2941:Neumüller O-A (1988).
2814:NIST Chemistry WebBook
2600:
2478:Reactions typical for
2448:
2268:Benzene in soft drinks
2200:anaerobic fermentation
2090:
1827:
1317:
104:Benzenecarboxylic acid
63:
53:
5795:Food Standards Agency
5745:Organic certification
5740:Nutrition facts label
5484:Esing Bakery incident
5272:environment pollution
4370:Bupivacaine/meloxicam
3847:"butyrate-CoA ligase"
3753:10.1099/ijs.0.02914-0
3492:19 April 2003 at the
2943:Römpps Chemie-Lexikon
2714:. 2014. p. 745.
2598:
2446:
2225:), sparkling drinks (
2151:, represented by the
2091:
1908:From Grignard reagent
1825:
1669:secondary metabolites
1656:. It is the simplest
1316:
621:Faint, pleasant odor
128:Phenylcarboxylic acid
100:Systematic IUPAC name
61:
51:
32:Toyota Corolla (E210)
5564:2006 North American
5222:Acesulfame potassium
5051:Campylobacter jejuni
4945:Intestinal parasites
4818:Consumer food safety
4657:-containing products
4623:-containing products
4496:-containing products
4375:Lidocaine/prilocaine
4184:Procaine (Novocaine)
3620:9 March 2012 at the
3538:"Whitfield Ointment"
3254:on 23 September 2015
3022:Berl Klin Wochenschr
3020:Salkowski E (1875).
2533:phosphorus chlorides
2518:phosphorus pentoxide
2458:electron-withdrawing
2352:V. vitis macrocarpon
2279:Whitfield's ointment
1965:
1958:at 300−400 °C:
1868:Laboratory synthesis
1750:Alexius Pedemontanus
1748:(1556), and then by
1449:Hydroxybenzoic acids
1299:(fire diamond)
991:1.504 (132 °C)
125:Phenylmethanoic acid
88:Preferred IUPAC name
62:Ball-and-stick model
5868:Conspiracy theories
5421:Heterocyclic amines
5325:Shellfish poisoning
3811:(Suppl. 3): 23–50.
3403:1991ApEnM..57.3410W
3221:on 26 February 2015
2867:10.1021/jo01304a033
2619:butyrate-CoA ligase
2295:tincture of benzoin
2208:phosphofructokinase
2121:transesterification
2084:
2065:
2052:
2036:
2007:
1994:
1981:
989:1.5397 (20 °C)
668:Solubility in water
641:g/cm (130 °C)
603: g/mol
223:Beilstein Reference
140:Hydrogenphenic acid
39:
5974:E-number additives
5526:Toxic oil syndrome
5479:Swill milk scandal
5305:Diethylstilbestrol
4977:Diphyllobothriasis
4774:Never to phase III
4420:Never to phase III
3963:10.1136/vr.90.3.53
3179:. pp. 49–75.
2984:Annalen der Chemie
2613:It is excreted as
2601:
2573:sodium borohydride
2560:is possible using
2449:
2149:food preservatives
2086:
2072:
2053:
2040:
2024:
2023:
1995:
1982:
1969:
1925:carbon–carbon bond
1828:
1754:Blaise de Vigenère
1677:food preservatives
1538:Infobox references
1458:Nitrobenzoic acids
1453:Aminobenzoic acids
1434:Potassium benzoate
1415:Related compounds
1397:mg/kg (rat, oral)
1318:
1005:mPa (130 °C)
921:kPa (200 °C)
707:g/L (100 °C)
64:
54:
37:
5946:
5945:
5853:Food preservation
5662:Foodborne illness
5214:Sugar substitutes
4967:Cryptosporidiosis
4949:parasitic disease
4863:HGH controversies
4830:food contaminants
4784:
4783:
4743:
4742:
4547:
4546:
4464:Ectoparasiticides
4430:
4429:
4282:
4281:
4081:Local anesthetics
3918:10.1042/bj2140657
3890:Substrate/Product
3863:Substrate/Product
3789:Collected Volumes
3782:Organic Syntheses
3712:10.1093/mp/ssp106
3693:Vogt, T. (2010).
3582:978-0-7817-3481-3
3544:on 9 October 2007
3321:10.1021/op500195e
3315:(11): 1455–1460.
3194:978-0-08-052349-1
3129:978-0-534-40833-6
3104:978-0-08-034715-8
3071:978-1-292-02165-2
3062:Organic Chemistry
3041:Missing or empty
2952:978-3-440-04516-9
2911:Sigma-Aldrich Co.
2861:(16): 3299–3305.
2729:978-0-85404-182-4
2510:benzoic anhydride
2415:4-hydroxybenzoate
2369:Nectria galligena
2133:terephthalic acid
2075:
2068:
2056:
2043:
2027:
2022:
2010:
1998:
1985:
1972:
1921:Grignard reaction
1877:recrystallization
1854:hydrochloric acid
1844:or iron salts as
1838:calcium hydroxide
1826:toluene oxidation
1796:partial oxidation
1779:cloudberry fruits
1760:Justus von Liebig
1593:with the formula
1546:Chemical compound
1544:
1543:
1470:Related compounds
1463:Phenylacetic acid
1403:Safety data sheet
1256:Hazard statements
1017:Crystal structure
915:kPa (100 °C)
635:g/cm (15 °C)
474:CompTox Dashboard
193:Interactive image
68:
67:
16:(Redirected from
5981:
5969:Phenyl compounds
5936:
5935:
5926:
5916:
5915:
5906:
5905:
5898:Drink portal
5896:
5895:
5894:
5886:
5885:
5797:(United Kingdom)
5546:Jack in the Box
5517:
5504:Minamata disease
5416:Food irradiation
5396:4-Hydroxynonenal
5244:Sodium cyclamate
5087:Escherichia coli
5079:Escherichia coli
4811:
4804:
4797:
4788:
4603:Chloride channel
4566:
4513:Chloride channel
4490:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4434:
4107:
4089:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4051:
4018:
4017:
4003:
3997:
3996:
3990:
3982:
3946:
3940:
3939:
3929:
3897:
3891:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3870:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3800:
3794:
3792:
3785:
3772:
3766:
3765:
3755:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3714:
3690:
3684:
3683:
3673:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3635:
3624:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3570:
3560:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3549:
3540:. Archived from
3534:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3517:
3510:
3502:
3496:
3484:
3478:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3422:
3382:
3376:
3374:
3346:
3333:
3332:
3303:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3286:on 13 April 2015
3285:
3278:
3270:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3253:
3246:
3238:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3220:
3213:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3177:Elsevier Science
3160:
3154:
3153:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3092:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3044:
3039:
3037:
3029:
3017:
3011:
3010:
3008:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2924:
2918:
2908:
2897:
2884:
2871:
2870:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2825:
2819:
2806:
2795:
2794:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2759:
2734:
2733:
2704:
2640:For humans, the
2631:-acyltransferase
2537:thionyl chloride
2514:acetic anhydride
2512:is induced with
2503:benzoyl chloride
2480:carboxylic acids
2461:carboxylic group
2401:In terms of its
2386:Ovibos moschatus
2330:bomb calorimeter
2095:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2025:
2015:
2008:
2006:
2003:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1970:
1850:calcium benzoate
1848:. The resulting
1840:in water, using
1834:benzotrichloride
1764:Friedrich Wöhler
1738:dry distillation
1727:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1655:
1631:
1623:
1604:
1591:organic compound
1588:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1485:Benzoyl chloride
1443:carboxylic acids
1396:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1309:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1267:
1263:
1235:
1230:
1177:
1170:
1146:
1139:
1115:
1108:
1087:
1080:
1065:Thermochemistry
1053:
1004:
976:Refractive index
968:
920:
914:
908:
881:
863:
845:
827:
821:
815:
809:
791:
785:
779:
706:
701:g/L (75 °C)
700:
695:g/L (40 °C)
694:
689:g/L (25 °C)
688:
683:g/L (18 °C)
682:
676:
640:
634:
602:
587:
581:
575:
568:Chemical formula
498:
497:
482:
480:
464:
428:
417:
406:
389:
367:Gmelin Reference
353:
335:
327:
316:
305:
285:
265:
245:
213:
195:
171:
77:
52:Skeletal formula
44:
40:
21:
5989:
5988:
5984:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5978:
5949:
5948:
5947:
5942:
5892:
5890:
5888:Food portal
5880:
5872:
5821:
5759:
5720:Food libel laws
5683:
5511:
5460:
5426:Modified starch
5388:Food processing
5382:
5329:
5258:
5208:
5204:Sodium benzoate
5180:
5142:
5137:Vibrio cholerae
5031:
5002:Gnathostomiasis
4987:Fasciolopsiasis
4939:
4887:
4878:Mercury in fish
4820:
4815:
4785:
4780:
4779:
4764:Clinical trials
4739:
4709:Other/ungrouped
4704:
4692:Organophosphate
4686:
4682:Benzyl benzoate
4668:
4649:
4615:
4597:
4543:
4531:Organophosphate
4525:
4507:
4475:
4461:
4431:
4426:
4425:
4410:Clinical trials
4389:
4353:
4305:Levobupivacaine
4278:
4256:
4227:Cyclomethycaine
4203:
4164:Metabutoxycaine
4159:Metabutethamine
4095:
4083:
4078:
4026:
4021:
4005:
4004:
4000:
3983:
3948:
3947:
3943:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3883:
3881:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3856:
3854:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3787:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3699:Molecular Plant
3692:
3691:
3687:
3651:
3650:
3646:
3637:
3636:
3627:
3622:Wayback Machine
3613:
3609:
3595:
3594:
3590:
3583:
3562:
3561:
3557:
3547:
3545:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3508:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3494:Wayback Machine
3485:
3481:
3476:Wayback Machine
3467:
3463:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3371:
3348:
3347:
3336:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3235:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3195:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3130:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3105:
3084:
3083:
3079:
3072:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3040:
3030:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3006:2027/hvd.hxdg3f
2973:
2972:
2968:
2953:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2909:
2900:
2885:
2874:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2840:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2807:
2798:
2793:. Van Nostrand.
2786:
2785:
2781:
2771:
2769:
2761:
2760:
2737:
2730:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2684:
2669:
2611:
2605:
2579:Decarboxylation
2569:
2508:Dehydration to
2476:
2439:
2423:
2391:Elephas maximus
2346:species (e.g.,
2338:
2326:
2275:
2270:
2235:phosphoric acid
2145:
2125:methyl benzoate
2113:
1963:
1962:
1948:
1940:benzyl chloride
1933:
1910:
1886:
1870:
1792:
1787:
1734:
1695:
1691:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1629:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1540:
1535:
1534:
1533: ?)
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1471:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1445:
1432:
1429:Sodium benzoate
1425:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1364:
1361:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1315:
1307:
1276:
1258:
1244:
1223:
1200:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1154:Std enthalpy of
1144:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1123:Std enthalpy of
1113:
1109:
1106:
1099:
1096:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1051:
1047:
1033:
1031:Molecular shape
1019:
1002:
990:
986:
984:
966:
962:
952:
945:
935:
918:
916:
912:
910:
909:Pa (25 °C)
906:
879:
861:
843:
825:
823:
819:
817:
813:
811:
807:
789:
787:
783:
781:
777:
737:
730:
704:
702:
698:
696:
692:
690:
686:
684:
680:
678:
677:g/L (0 °C)
674:
670:
638:
636:
632:
600:
590:
584:
578:
570:
556:
553:
548:
547:
536:
533:
532:
529:
523:
522:
519:
513:
512:
501:
483:
476:
467:
447:
431:
418:
392:
369:
359:(preservatives)
345:
308:
288:
268:
248:
225:
216:
198:
185:
174:
161:
147:
146:
137:Carboxylbenzene
131:Benzoyl alcohol
106:
105:
94:
93:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5987:
5985:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5951:
5950:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5940:
5930:
5920:
5910:
5900:
5877:
5874:
5873:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5843:Food marketing
5840:
5835:
5829:
5827:
5826:Related topics
5823:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5814:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5792:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5769:
5767:
5761:
5760:
5758:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5701:
5699:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5681:
5680:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5561:
5552:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5470:
5468:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5411:Food additives
5408:
5403:
5398:
5392:
5390:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5339:
5337:
5331:
5330:
5328:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5276:
5274:
5260:
5259:
5257:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5235:
5234:
5224:
5218:
5216:
5210:
5209:
5207:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5190:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5152:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5133:
5125:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5083:
5075:
5068:
5061:
5054:
5047:
5041:
5039:
5037:Microorganisms
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5007:Paragonimiasis
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4972:Cyclosporiasis
4969:
4964:
4959:
4953:
4951:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4936:
4935:
4925:
4924:
4923:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4897:
4895:
4893:Food additives
4889:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4868:Lead poisoning
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4834:
4832:
4822:
4821:
4816:
4814:
4813:
4806:
4799:
4791:
4782:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4772:
4761:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4725:
4718:
4712:
4710:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4696:
4694:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4678:
4676:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4660:
4658:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4626:
4624:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4607:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4574:
4572:
4563:
4549:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4535:
4533:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4517:
4515:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4499:
4497:
4487:
4477:
4476:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4437:
4428:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4418:
4407:
4401:
4395:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4298:
4292:
4290:
4284:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4213:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4189:Proxymetacaine
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4139:Chloroprocaine
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4115:
4113:
4104:
4097:
4096:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4042:
4032:
4025:
4024:External links
4022:
4020:
4019:
4013:The China Post
3998:
3941:
3912:(3): 657–663.
3892:
3865:
3838:
3795:
3767:
3746:(1): 245–250.
3726:
3685:
3664:(4): 349–351.
3644:
3625:
3607:
3588:
3581:
3555:
3529:
3497:
3479:
3461:
3444:Phytochem Anal
3434:
3397:(12): 3410–4.
3377:
3370:978-3527306732
3369:
3334:
3298:
3265:
3233:
3200:
3193:
3155:
3135:
3128:
3110:
3103:
3077:
3070:
3052:
3012:
2991:(3): 249–282.
2966:
2951:
2933:
2919:
2898:
2872:
2845:
2838:
2820:
2796:
2779:
2763:"benzoic acid"
2735:
2728:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2683:
2680:
2667:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2591:
2590:
2576:
2567:
2558:benzyl alcohol
2550:
2540:
2521:
2506:
2495:
2475:
2474:Carboxyl group
2472:
2451:
2450:
2438:
2435:
2431:carboxyl group
2422:
2419:
2374:rock ptarmigan
2337:
2334:
2325:
2322:
2287:athlete's foot
2274:
2271:
2250:concentrations
2227:carbon dioxide
2144:
2141:
2112:
2109:
2097:
2096:
2079:
2071:
2060:
2047:
2039:
2031:
2021:
2018:
2013:
2002:
1989:
1976:
1947:
1944:
1936:Benzyl alcohol
1932:
1929:
1909:
1906:
1885:
1882:
1869:
1866:
1830:
1829:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1733:
1730:
1609:consists of a
1545:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1514:
1513:
1509:standard state
1506:
1503:
1502:
1480:Benzyl alcohol
1472:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1446:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1406:
1399:
1398:
1391:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1291:
1290:
1288:P305+P351+P338
1277:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1259:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1104:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1048:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1006:
999:
993:
992:
987:
982:
974:
971:
970:
963:
957:
954:
953:
951:
950:
947:
943:
939:
937:
933:
923:
922:
903:
901:Vapor pressure
897:
896:
893:
884:
883:
876:
866:
865:
858:
848:
847:
840:
830:
829:
804:
794:
793:
774:
764:
763:
735:
728:
715:
709:
708:
671:
666:
663:
662:
659:
653:
652:
649:
643:
642:
629:
623:
622:
619:
613:
612:
609:
605:
604:
598:
592:
591:
588:
582:
576:
571:
566:
563:
562:
558:
557:
555:
554:
552:O=C(O)c1ccccc1
551:
543:
542:
541:
538:
537:
535:
534:
530:
527:
526:
524:
520:
517:
516:
508:
507:
506:
503:
502:
500:
499:
486:
484:
472:
469:
468:
466:
465:
457:
455:
449:
448:
446:
445:
441:
439:
433:
432:
430:
429:
421:
419:
411:
408:
407:
400:
394:
393:
391:
390:
382:
380:
374:
373:
370:
365:
362:
361:
355:
347:
346:
344:
343:
339:
337:
329:
328:
318:
310:
309:
307:
306:
298:
296:
290:
289:
287:
286:
278:
276:
270:
269:
267:
266:
258:
256:
250:
249:
247:
246:
238:
236:
230:
229:
226:
221:
218:
217:
215:
214:
206:
204:
200:
199:
197:
196:
188:
186:
179:
176:
175:
173:
172:
164:
162:
157:
154:
153:
149:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:Benzoylic acid
132:
129:
126:
123:
120:
117:
116:Carboxybenzene
113:
112:
108:
107:
103:
102:
96:
95:
91:
90:
84:
83:
79:
78:
70:
69:
66:
65:
55:
26:
24:
18:Benzoic (acid)
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5986:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5959:Benzoic acids
5957:
5956:
5954:
5939:
5931:
5929:
5925:
5921:
5919:
5911:
5909:
5901:
5899:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5878:
5875:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5848:Food politics
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5824:
5818:
5815:
5813:(South Korea)
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5796:
5793:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5774:
5771:
5770:
5768:
5766:
5762:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5702:
5700:
5698:
5694:
5690:
5686:
5678:
5677:United States
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5601:
5598:2011 Germany
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5567:
5562:
5560:
5558:
5555:1996 Odwalla
5553:
5551:
5549:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5515:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5467:
5463:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5393:
5391:
5389:
5385:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5336:
5332:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5215:
5211:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5187:
5186:Preservatives
5183:
5177:
5176:Methamidophos
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5126:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5082:
5080:
5076:
5074:
5073:
5069:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5053:
5052:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5038:
5034:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5017:Toxoplasmosis
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4934:
4931:
4930:
4929:
4928:Vegetable oil
4926:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4894:
4890:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4831:
4827:
4823:
4819:
4812:
4807:
4805:
4800:
4798:
4793:
4792:
4789:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4735:
4731:
4730:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4665:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4652:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4618:
4612:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4600:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4571:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4554:
4550:
4540:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4514:
4510:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4482:
4478:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4458:
4453:
4451:
4446:
4444:
4439:
4438:
4435:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4314:Butanilicaine
4312:
4310:
4306:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4259:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4098:
4093:
4087:
4082:
4075:
4070:
4068:
4063:
4061:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4015:
4014:
4009:
4002:
3999:
3994:
3988:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3945:
3942:
3937:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3896:
3893:
3879:
3875:
3869:
3866:
3852:
3848:
3842:
3839:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3799:
3796:
3790:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3771:
3768:
3763:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3730:
3727:
3722:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3689:
3686:
3681:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3648:
3645:
3640:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3623:
3619:
3616:
3611:
3608:
3603:
3599:
3592:
3589:
3584:
3578:
3574:
3569:
3568:
3559:
3556:
3543:
3539:
3533:
3530:
3514:
3507:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3491:
3488:
3483:
3480:
3477:
3473:
3470:
3465:
3462:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3438:
3435:
3430:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3381:
3378:
3372:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3353:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3302:
3299:
3282:
3275:
3269:
3266:
3250:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3217:
3210:
3204:
3201:
3196:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3159:
3156:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3139:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3121:
3114:
3111:
3106:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3090:
3081:
3078:
3073:
3067:
3063:
3056:
3053:
3048:
3035:
3027:
3023:
3016:
3013:
3007:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2985:
2980:
2976:
2970:
2967:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2948:
2944:
2937:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2849:
2846:
2841:
2839:9781429254366
2835:
2831:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2791:
2783:
2780:
2768:
2764:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2710:. Cambridge:
2709:
2703:
2700:
2694:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2672:
2670:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2615:hippuric acid
2608:
2606:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2552:Reduction to
2551:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2500:
2497:Benzoic acid
2496:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2437:Aromatic ring
2436:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2427:aromatic ring
2420:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2407:cinnamic acid
2404:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2306:
2304:
2303:decongestants
2301:and inhalant
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2272:
2269:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2257:ascorbic acid
2253:
2251:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2212:preservatives
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2077:
2069:
2058:
2045:
2029:
2019:
2016:
2011:
2000:
1987:
1974:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1884:By hydrolysis
1883:
1881:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1768:hippuric acid
1765:
1761:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1627:
1612:
1608:
1592:
1586:
1551:
1539:
1532:
1527:
1510:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1392:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1325:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1173:
1165:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1142:
1134:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1072:Heat capacity
1069:
1068:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1049:
1046:
1045:Dipole moment
1042:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
988:
981:
977:
973:
972:
964:
960:
956:
955:
948:
941:
940:
938:
932:
928:
925:
924:
904:
902:
899:
898:
894:
892:
891:
886:
885:
877:
875:
871:
868:
867:
859:
857:
853:
850:
849:
841:
839:
835:
832:
831:
805:
803:
799:
796:
795:
775:
773:
769:
766:
765:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
731:
724:
720:
716:
714:
711:
710:
672:
669:
665:
664:
660:
658:
657:Boiling point
655:
654:
650:
648:
647:Melting point
645:
644:
630:
628:
625:
624:
620:
618:
615:
614:
610:
607:
606:
599:
597:
594:
593:
572:
569:
565:
564:
559:
550:
546:
539:
525:
515:
511:
504:
496:
492:
491:DTXSID6020143
488:
487:
485:
475:
471:
470:
463:
459:
458:
456:
454:
451:
450:
443:
442:
440:
438:
435:
434:
427:
423:
422:
420:
414:
410:
409:
405:
401:
399:
396:
395:
388:
384:
383:
381:
379:
376:
375:
371:
368:
364:
363:
360:
356:
354:
349:
348:
341:
340:
338:
336:
331:
330:
326:
322:
319:
317:
315:ECHA InfoCard
312:
311:
304:
300:
299:
297:
295:
292:
291:
284:
280:
279:
277:
275:
272:
271:
264:
260:
259:
257:
255:
252:
251:
244:
240:
239:
237:
235:
232:
231:
227:
224:
220:
219:
212:
208:
207:
205:
202:
201:
194:
190:
189:
187:
183:
178:
177:
170:
166:
165:
163:
160:
156:
155:
150:
142:
139:
136:
133:
130:
127:
124:
122:Dracylic acid
121:
118:
115:
114:
109:
101:
97:
89:
85:
80:
76:
71:
60:
56:
50:
46:
45:
41:
38:Benzoic acid
33:
19:
5858:Food quality
5765:Institutions
5599:
5565:
5556:
5547:
5431:Nitrosamines
5194:Benzoic acid
5193:
5156:Chlorpyrifos
5135:
5129:
5120:
5103:
5086:
5078:
5070:
5063:
5056:
5049:
5027:Trichuriasis
5012:Toxocariasis
4982:Enterobiasis
4858:Formaldehyde
4727:
4720:
4673:
4593:Bioallethrin
4485:pediculicide
4358:Combinations
4208:
4179:Propoxycaine
4144:Dimethocaine
4111:Aminobenzoic
4045:ChemicalLand
4011:
4001:
3987:cite journal
3957:(3): 53–58.
3954:
3950:
3944:
3909:
3905:
3895:
3882:. Retrieved
3877:
3868:
3855:. Retrieved
3850:
3841:
3808:
3804:
3798:
3788:
3780:
3770:
3743:
3739:
3729:
3702:
3698:
3688:
3661:
3657:
3647:
3610:
3601:
3591:
3566:
3558:
3546:. Retrieved
3542:the original
3532:
3520:. Retrieved
3500:
3482:
3464:
3450:(2): 63–73.
3447:
3443:
3437:
3394:
3390:
3380:
3350:
3312:
3308:
3301:
3288:. Retrieved
3281:the original
3268:
3256:. Retrieved
3249:the original
3236:
3223:. Retrieved
3216:the original
3203:
3172:
3165:Trost, B. M.
3158:
3149:
3144:
3138:
3119:
3113:
3088:
3080:
3061:
3055:
3043:|title=
3034:cite journal
3025:
3021:
3015:
2988:
2982:
2969:
2942:
2936:
2922:
2915:Benzoic acid
2858:
2854:
2848:
2829:
2823:
2812:
2809:Benzoic acid
2789:
2782:
2770:. Retrieved
2767:chemister.ru
2766:
2707:
2702:
2673:
2639:
2628:
2612:
2604:
2554:benzaldehyde
2547:benzonitrile
2531:agents like
2529:halogenation
2525:acid halides
2477:
2465:
2452:
2424:
2403:biosynthesis
2400:
2389:
2385:
2378:Lagopus muta
2377:
2367:
2360:V. myrtillus
2359:
2351:
2341:
2339:
2327:
2307:
2276:
2254:
2247:
2216:citrus fruit
2146:
2117:plasticizers
2114:
2101:cyclohexanol
2098:
1949:
1934:
1913:Bromobenzene
1911:
1898:benzonitrile
1887:
1874:
1871:
1831:
1815:naphthenates
1793:
1772:
1758:
1735:
1688:
1666:
1550:Benzoic acid
1549:
1548:
1500:Benzonitrile
1475:Benzaldehyde
1372:
1360:Autoignition
1295:
1247:
1209:
1199:Main hazards
1188:
1163:
1132:
1101:
1076:
979:
949:11.02 (DMSO)
930:
889:
437:RTECS number
404:benzoic+acid
152:Identifiers
143:Phenoic acid
111:Other names
92:Benzoic acid
5938:WikiProject
5775:(Hong Kong)
5512: [
5474:Devon colic
5348:Breast milk
5320:Nonylphenol
5295:Bisphenol A
5232:controversy
5099:Hepatitis E
5094:Hepatitis A
5072:Enterovirus
5065:Cronobacter
5022:Trichinosis
4992:Fasciolosis
4962:Anisakiasis
4933:controversy
4826:Adulterants
4760:from market
4716:Dimethicone
4635:Dixanthogen
4570:Pyrethrines
4481:Insecticide
4406:from market
4339:Mepivacaine
4309:Ropivacaine
4301:Bupivacaine
4252:Piperocaine
4154:Meprylcaine
4124:Benzonatate
4084:(primarily
3169:Fleming, I.
3146:Org. React.
2623:benzoyl-CoA
2543:Orthoesters
2396:Gum benzoin
2310:expectorant
2299:antiseptics
2291:gum benzoin
2231:soft drinks
2223:citric acid
2107:synthesis.
1888:Like other
1862:gum benzoin
1858:chlorinated
1752:(1560) and
1746:Nostradamus
1742:gum benzoin
1662:gum benzoin
1634:substituent
1490:Benzylamine
1387:median dose
1373:Lethal dose
1362:temperature
1349:Flash point
1242:Signal word
1193:(OHS/OSH):
874:1,4-dioxane
745:ethyl ether
717:Soluble in
608:Appearance
561:Properties
321:100.000.562
243:CHEBI:30746
5964:Excipients
5953:Categories
5689:Regulation
5672:death toll
5441:Shortening
5406:Acrylamide
5335:Food fraud
5315:Mycotoxins
5148:Pesticides
5122:Salmonella
4997:Giardiasis
4957:Amoebiasis
4901:Flavorings
4734:Crotamiton
4630:Disulfiram
4611:Ivermectin
4588:Phenothrin
4578:Permethrin
4521:Ivermectin
4385:Iontocaine
4349:Trimecaine
4344:Prilocaine
4329:Etidocaine
4319:Carticaine
4247:Isobucaine
4242:Hexylcaine
4217:Amylocaine
4199:Tetracaine
4174:Orthocaine
4169:Nitracaine
4119:Benzocaine
3548:15 October
3028:: 297–298.
2772:24 October
2695:References
2429:or at the
2318:antiseptic
2266:See also:
2137:phthalates
1785:Production
1775:antifungal
1221:Pictograms
1156:combustion
1023:Monoclinic
1010:Structure
870:Solubility
852:Solubility
834:Solubility
798:Solubility
768:Solubility
713:Solubility
596:Molar mass
462:8SKN0B0MIM
274:ChemSpider
180:3D model (
159:CAS Number
5735:ISO 22000
5697:watchdogs
5693:standards
5667:outbreaks
5568:outbreaks
5446:Trans fat
5358:Olive oil
5280:Aflatoxin
5254:Sucralose
5239:Saccharin
5227:Aspartame
5171:Malathion
5116:Rotavirus
5111:Norovirus
4770:Phase III
4758:Withdrawn
4729:toluidine
4700:Malathion
4583:Pyrethrum
4561:scabicide
4553:Acaricide
4539:Malathion
4468:arthropod
4416:Phase III
4404:Withdrawn
4334:Lidocaine
4296:Articaine
4268:Amoproxan
4237:β-Eucaine
4232:α-Eucaine
4194:Risocaine
4129:Butacaine
4037:from the
3906:Biochem J
3805:Int J Tox
3658:Clin Chem
3329:1083-6160
2583:quinoline
2486:Benzoate
2468:directing
2421:Reactions
2348:cranberry
2343:Vaccinium
2314:analgesic
2273:Medicinal
2188:potassium
2178:and some
2153:E numbers
2115:Benzoate
2038:⟶
1902:benzamide
1812:manganese
1689:benzoates
1681:precursor
1624:) with a
1607:structure
1495:Benzamide
1212:labelling
1203:Irritant
1125:formation
1095:Std molar
997:Viscosity
965:−70.28·10
856:olive oil
755:, liquid
444:DG0875000
342:200-618-2
334:EC Number
263:ChEMBL541
5928:Cookbook
5908:Category
5710:E number
5602:outbreak
5559:outbreak
5550:outbreak
5300:Dieldrin
5249:Sorbitol
5105:Listeria
5045:Botulism
4873:Melamine
4843:Aldicarb
4674:Benzoate
4655:Chlorine
4640:Mesulfen
4557:miticide
4494:Chlorine
4134:Butamben
3833:13639993
3825:11766131
3762:15653882
3721:20035037
3705:: 2–20.
3618:Archived
3522:30 March
3513:Archived
3490:Archived
3472:Archived
3290:12 March
3258:12 March
3225:12 March
3171:(eds.).
3152:: 28–58.
2979:Wöhler F
2975:Liebig J
2961:50969944
2682:See also
2627:glycine
2492:alcohols
2382:muskoxen
2356:bilberry
2283:ringworm
2248:Typical
2206:through
2180:bacteria
1890:nitriles
1846:catalyst
1756:(1596).
1658:aromatic
1630:−C(=O)OH
1626:carboxyl
1605:, whose
1441:Related
1409:JT Baker
1296:NFPA 704
1183:Hazards
1116:J/mol·K
1088:J/mol·K
961:(χ)
942:4.202 (H
772:methanol
761:acetates
352:E number
294:DrugBank
5918:Commons
5791:(Spain)
5600:E. coli
5566:E. coli
5557:E. coli
5548:E. coli
5368:Seafood
5268:poisons
5166:Lindane
5130:E. coli
5089:O157:H7
5081:O104:H4
4883:Sudan I
4853:Cyanide
4722:Quassia
4664:Lindane
4503:Lindane
4222:Cocaine
4209:Benzoic
4149:Lucaine
4103:by acid
3979:2553612
3971:4672555
3951:Vet Rec
3936:6226283
3927:1152300
3680:5012256
3429:1785916
3399:Bibcode
2893:of the
2889:in the
2887:Record
2635:toluene
2562:DIBAL-H
2261:benzene
2243:vinegar
2239:pickles
2204:glucose
2192:calcium
1800:toluene
1732:History
1638:benzoyl
1611:benzene
1531:what is
1529: (
1423:cations
1178:kJ/mol
1147:kJ/mol
1097:entropy
1059:dioxane
969:cm/mol
927:Acidity
838:acetone
802:ethanol
757:ammonia
753:phenyls
741:alcohol
723:benzene
719:acetone
627:Density
601:122.123
413:PubChem
303:DB03793
228:636131
169:65-85-0
5373:Shrimp
5310:Dioxin
5264:Toxins
4838:3-MCPD
4753:WHO-EM
4645:Thiram
4621:Sulfur
4399:WHO-EM
4288:Amides
4101:Esters
4041:(OECD)
3977:
3969:
3934:
3924:
3878:BRENDA
3851:BRENDA
3831:
3823:
3760:
3719:
3678:
3579:
3427:
3420:183988
3417:
3367:
3327:
3191:
3126:
3101:
3068:
2959:
2949:
2836:
2726:
2688:Niacin
2676:Taipei
2499:amides
2488:esters
2411:phenol
2364:apples
2316:, and
2219:juices
2184:sodium
2166:, and
1952:phenol
1894:amides
1808:cobalt
1804:oxygen
1685:esters
1642:benzyl
1636:. The
1613:ring (
1526:verify
1523:
1421:Other
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