669:
1064:
44:
600:, he pointed out that "a common feature to most of these treatises is a curious lack of critical method in the handling of the material". In particular, Karlgren criticised the unselective use of documents from different ages when reconstructing China's ancient history. "In this way very full and detailed accounts have been arrived atâbut accounts that are indeed caricatures of scientifically established ones."
675:
1050:
589:), a post he held until 1959. This public museum was founded in 1926 on Andersson's pioneering discoveries of prehistoric archaeology made in China in the 1920s, and later expanded to cover later periods as well as other parts of Asia. Karlgren had been in close contact with Andersson for many years, and also succeeded Andersson as editor of the museum's journal, the
658:
paid little attention to phonological structure. As a result, the systems he reconstructed often lack the symmetry and pattern which are in the phonological systems of natural languages." Nevertheless, Karlgren's groundbreaking works laid the foundation of modern
Chinese historical linguistics and many of his works are still used as works of reference.
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657:
Although important as a pioneer of historical
Chinese linguistics, Karlgren's original findings have been surpassed. Today the phonological systems proposed by Karlgren have largely been superseded, as their weaknesses are obvious: "Karlgren saw himself as reconstructing phonetics, not phonology, and
519:
to gather information on
Chinese dialects. After his grant money ran out, Karlgren supported himself by teaching French and, famously, English, which, according to one anecdote, he had never been taught but had picked up from English-speaking passengers on the ship from Europe to China. In fact he
653:
in the twenty-fourth century B.C. is correct; that the
Chinese even in those remote times were skilled astronomers; that they put down in writing in the Chinese language records of memorable events, and in all probability wrote their accounts soon after the events; in short, that a well-developed
471:
at the local high school. Karlgren showed ability in linguistics from a young age, and was interested in Sweden's dialects and traditional folk stories. He mastered classical languages and was an accomplished translator of Greek poetry into his native language. He displayed an early interest in
500:, on the advice of his elder brother Anton Karlgren (1882â1973) he decided to focus on Chinese instead, attracted to it also by the fact that, as Lundell had told him, Chinese contained a great number of dialects. He departed for St. Petersburg, which, under the guidance of
1533:
1548:
593:(BMFEA, 1929â) and continued in this position until the 1970s. Karlgren himself first published many of his own major works in this annual journal, or as books in the monograph series of the museum.
568:" ("Studies on Chinese Phonology"). Although his dissertation was written in French, most of his subsequent scholarly works were in English. After obtaining his doctorate, Karlgren taught at the
1528:
1553:
1518:
596:
In 1946, Karlgren began a far-reaching attack on the then rather loosely argued historiography of ancient China. Reviewing the literature on China's pre-Han history in his article
1543:
645:(1923), Chapter I: "Thus, though Chinese traditions give no hint whatever of an immigration from any foreign country, and though there consequently is no external chronological
654:
Chinese civilizationâresting undoubtedly on foundations many centuries oldâtogether with the
Chinese language, existed on Chinese soil two thousand years before Christ."
1098:
1523:
1038:
In
Swedish he published numerous popular works on Chinese language, culture and history. In the 1940s, he published three novels under the pen name Klas Gullman.
634:(what he called "Ancient Chinese" and "Archaic Chinese" respectively). Karlgren suggested that at the very earliest stage recoverable, the personal pronouns were
604:
515:
Karlgren lived in China from 1910 to 1912. He achieved basic fluency and literacy after only a few months of study, and prepared a questionnaire of 3,100
1513:
496:. He graduated in 1909 with a bachelor's degree in Nordic, Greek, and Slavonic languages. Although he initially intended to specialize in the
1437:
781:
736:
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Karlgren attempted to unearth
Chinese history itself from its linguistic development and diffusion. As he writes in his English adaptation
1488:
1508:
580:
138:
1538:
1498:
190:
476:
set in that country in his early teens. His first scholarly article, a phonetic transcription, based on a system devised by
1503:
431:
and studied historical information on rhyming in ancient
Chinese poetry, then used them to create the first ever complete
338:
212:
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417:
352:
668:
296:
649:, we are nonetheless able to state, from internal evidence, that the Chinese tradition which places the reign of the
1262:
541:
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had received a high credit in
English in his final High School exams. He eventually gathered data on 19 different
504:, had created one of the major European centres for the study of Chinese. While there, Karlgren, studying under
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142:
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493:
484:, was completed when he was 14, and published in 1908 when he was only 18 years old. He studied Russian at
626:
to study the
Chinese language. He was also the first one to reconstruct the sounds of what are now called
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Karlgren returned to Europe in January 1912, first staying in London, then in Paris, before arriving in
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731:, London: Oxford University Press, 1923. Reprinted 2007: Toronto: Global Language Press,
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1432:. Bethlehem, PA; Lanham, MD: Lehigh University Press; Rowman & Littlefield.
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1344:(in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. p. 151.
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427:. In the early 20th century, Karlgren conducted large surveys of the
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887:"Grammata Serica, Script and Phonetics in Chinese and Sino-Japanese"
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Karlgren was the first scholar to use European-style principles of
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Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
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von Falkenhausen, Lothar (2001). "Review of Göran Malmqvist,
512:, even though he had no background in Chinese at that point.
480:, of traditional folk stories from his native province of
1006:"Compendium of Phonetics in Ancient and Archaic Chinese"
560:, where in 1915 he produced his doctoral dissertation, "
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807:"The Early History of the Chou Li and Tso Chuan Texts"
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Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Polar Star
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408:; 15 October 1889 â 20 October 1978) was a Swedish
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1027:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
1010:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
993:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
976:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
959:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
942:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
925:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
908:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
891:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
874:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
857:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
811:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
794:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
591:Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
451:Bernhard Karlgren was born on 15 October 1889 in
1265:. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
771:Analytic Dictionary of Chinese and Sino-Japanese
1554:Members of the Royal Gustavus Adolphus Academy
1529:Recipients of the Pour le MĂ©rite (civil class)
1519:Academic staff of the University of Gothenburg
605:Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
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717:
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217:
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8:
1544:Corresponding fellows of the British Academy
1099:KarlgrenâLi reconstruction of Middle Chinese
696:
562:
289:ăă ă
ăŁË ăăąË
1198:
790:"The Authenticity of Ancient Chinese Texts"
572:, serving as its rector from 1931 to 1936.
27:Swedish sinologist and linguist (1889â1978)
702:(Doctoral thesis). University of Uppsala.
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31:
1405:(1979). "Bernhard Karlgren in Memoriam".
1381:(1979). "Bernhard Karlgren (1889â1978)".
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1464:. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
1429:Bernhard Karlgren: Portrait of a Scholar
1383:Journal of the American Oriental Society
822:— (1931b). "Tibetan and Chinese".
603:In 1950, Karlgren was inducted into the
548:of the characters in his questionnaire.
459:. His father, Johannes Karlgren, taught
1524:Rectors of the University of Gothenburg
1114:
745:"The reconstruction of Ancient Chinese"
130:Ancient Chinese linguistics, literature
1452:Bernhard Karlgren: ett forskarportrÀtt
1298:Bernhard Karlgren: Ett forskarportrÀtt
1283:
1225:
1138:
373:
1373:. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyer.
403:
7:
972:"Legends and Cults in Ancient China"
955:"Glosses on the Ta Ya and Sung Odes"
615:Karlgren died on 20 October 1978 in
1371:A Handbook of Old Chinese Phonology
598:Legends and Cults in Ancient China
25:
776:Reprinted by Dover Publications,
698:Ătudes sur la phonologie chinoise
581:Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
564:Ătudes sur la phonologie chinoise
139:Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities
1335:Sköldenberg, Bengt, ed. (1969).
1076:
1062:
1048:
870:"New Studies on Chinese Bronzes"
673:
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42:
1514:University of Gothenburg alumni
719:Ordet och Pennan i Mittens Rike
397:Klas Bernhard Johannes Karlgren
1426:——— (2011).
1407:Journal of Chinese Linguistics
921:"Glosses on the Kuo Feng Odes"
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108:Pioneering reconstructions of
1:
1456:, Stockholm: Norstedts. 1995.
1263:"K.B.J. Karlgren (1889â1978)"
938:"Glosses on the Siao ya odes"
708:10111/UIUCBB:karlbe0001etusur
679:Commander Grand Cross of the
405:[ËbĂŠÌËÉłaÉËkÉÌËÉÉĄreËn]
1338:Sveriges statskalender. 1969
575:In 1939, Karlgren succeeded
492:, a Slavicist interested in
728:Sound and symbol in Chinese
643:Sound and Symbol in Chinese
416:who pioneered the study of
1570:
1460:Ramsey, S. Robert (1987).
1302:China Review International
853:"Word Families in Chinese"
472:China, and wrote a drama,
1509:Uppsala University alumni
1023:"Grammata Serica Recensa"
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570:University of Gothenburg
447:Early life and education
191:Traditional Chinese
143:University of Gothenburg
1093:Grammata Serica Recensa
989:"The Book of Documents"
836:10.1163/156853231X00024
774:. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
761:10.1163/156853222X00015
681:Order of the Polar Star
546:Japanese pronunciations
508:, won a grant to study
494:comparative linguistics
435:of what are now called
213:Simplified Chinese
1539:20th-century linguists
1462:The Languages of China
1451:
718:
697:
662:Awards and decorations
624:historical linguistics
585:
577:Johan Gunnar Andersson
563:
498:Scandinavian languages
401:Swedish pronunciation:
1499:Linguists from Sweden
1489:People from Jönköping
1314:10.1353/cri.2001.0020
1504:Historical linguists
490:Johan August Lundell
478:Johan August Lundell
429:varieties of Chinese
421:historical phonology
153:Johan August Lundell
1494:Swedish sinologists
586:Ăstasiatiska Museet
579:as director of the
425:comparative methods
1367:Baxter, William H.
1199:Bielenstein (1979)
683:(23 November 1961)
517:Chinese characters
486:Uppsala University
99:Uppsala University
1439:978-1-61146-001-8
1379:Bielenstein, Hans
1213:, pp. 35â36.
970:— (1946b).
953:— (1946a).
826:. Second Series.
805:— (1931a).
782:978-0-486-21887-8
737:978-0-9738924-0-6
522:Mandarin dialects
394:
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382:
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339:Yale Romanization
262:Standard Mandarin
149:Academic advisors
121:Scientific career
36:Bernhard Karlgren
16:(Redirected from
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1403:Malmqvist, Göran
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1084:Biography portal
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1021:— (1957).
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987:— (1950).
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936:— (1944).
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919:— (1942).
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902:— (1941).
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885:— (1940).
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868:— (1937).
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159:Notable students
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1444:Translation of
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474:The White Hind,
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325:Tongyong Pinyin
297:Gwoyeu Romatzyh
167:Göran Malmqvist
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1286:, p. 3-4.
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830:(1â2): 25â70.
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628:Middle Chinese
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1484:1978 deaths
1479:1889 births
1360:Works cited
725:Adapted as
651:emperor Yao
632:Old Chinese
619:at age 89.
540:, plus the
534:Eastern Min
441:Old Chinese
359:GÄu BÄn-hĂ n
317:Kao PĂȘn-han
114:Old Chinese
1473:Categories
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824:T'oung Pao
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638:for case.
542:Vietnamese
410:sinologist
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538:Cantonese
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461:Latin
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