31:
488:'s collection of modern classics, especially focussed on Picasso, opened in the western of a pair of neoclassical buildings opposite the Charlottenburg Palace, like the Alte Nationalgalerie designed by Friedrich August Stüler as realisations of sketches by Frederick William IV; it had housed the West Berlin Museum of Antiquities until that collection was returned to Museum Island after German reunification. Berggruen initially leased the collection to the Berlin State Museums for a ten-year period, but in 2000 sold it to them for a small fraction of its assessed value. In November, the
409:
255:; high-ceilinged galleries were designed to accommodate them. Wagener's collection was not limited to German art; in particular, it included Belgian artists who were popular at the time; and under Jordan the gallery's holdings rapidly came to include an unusually large collection of sculpture and a drawings department. However, Jordan was hampered throughout his tenure by the Regional Art Commission, which was made up of representatives of the academic art establishment and resisted all attempts to acquire modernist art.
420:
308:. This moved the gallery decisively away from emphasis on Prussia and the rest of the German Empire. In response to complaints from the academic connoisseurs, William II decreed in 1899 that all acquisitions for the National Gallery must have his personal authorisation; Tschudi initially complied and rehung the old works, but the imperial decree proved unenforceable, prompting the Kaiser to build public monuments to his power instead. In 1901, at the inauguration of the memorials on the
527:
392:, president of the Reich Chamber for the Visual Arts, who were charged with purging the gallery of "degenerate" works. Some artwork from a dealer had been burnt in the furnaces of the National Gallery building in 1936, and the modern art annexe in the Crown Prince's Palace was shut down in 1937 as a "hotbed of cultural Bolshevism". The gallery was placed under the control of the Berlin State Museums and Hanfstaengl was after a while replaced by
320:
274:, and became determined to acquire a representative collection of Impressionist art for the National Gallery. When the commission vetoed his requests, he secured the patronage of a large number of wealthy bourgeois art collectors, most of them Jewish. He also rearranged the exhibition spaces, putting many items in storage to make room for works by
1591:
1386:
434:
were located in the Soviet
Occupation Zone which became East Berlin. The National Gallery's collection, much of it confiscated and then returned by the various occupying powers, was split between East and West and had been further diminished by the war; 19th-century paintings from the former annexe
470:, was ruined in the war; between 1979 and 1986 it was restored, and it was then reopened in September 1987, as part of the celebrations of Berlin's 750th anniversary, as an annexe of the National Gallery displaying 19th-century sculpture. There is a Schinkel museum in the gallery.
226:
depicting German history from prehistoric times to the 19th century. The inscription over the door reads "To German art, 1871" (the year of the founding of the Empire, not the year the gallery was completed). On his first visit to Berlin, in
November 1916, the young
1494:
511:(foundation of the Dieter Scharf collection in remembrance of Otto Gerstenberg), which focusses on the fantastic and the surreal and was built by Dieter Scharf based on some of the works in his grandfather Otto Gerstenberg's collection.
352:) and used it to display the modern art. This became known as the Neue Abteilung (New Department) or National Gallery II, and met the demand by contemporary artists for a Gallery of Living Artists. It opened with works by the
396:, who despite being more acceptable to the Nazi regime, conscientiously guarded the artworks and as the war drew to an end, went with them to the mine where they were to be stored for safety's sake and was there when the
218:. It was intended to express "the unity of art, nation, and history", and therefore has aspects reminiscent of a church (with an apse) and a theatre (a grand staircase leading to the entry) as well as a temple. An
439:. The city of Berlin (West) founded a new museum of 20th-century art in 1949; this was eventually merged with the Western branch of the National Gallery, and West Berlin then created its own cultural centre, the
1053:
139:: 19th-century sculpture, a church designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel, opened as an annexe of the National Gallery in September 1987. From 2012 to 2020 the building was closed owing to structural damage.
1350:
335:, many of whose paintings were included in Wagener's original bequest. An exhibition of 100 years of German art at the National Gallery in 1906 contributed to reawakening interest in artists such as
377:
455:, who had become the director in 1967, said he was nervous about the gallery moving into the prestige modern building, comparing himself to "a wretched learner ... getting into a luxury
507:
of 20th-century art opened in the eastern Stüler building, which had housed the
Egyptian Collection until it moved back to Museum Island. The collection is on a ten-year lease from the
2010:
360:. This was the first state promotion of Expressionist works, which were unpopular with large numbers of the public, but the collection was, in the judgement of Justi's assistant
1980:
Interview with Udo
Kittelmann, Director of the National Gallery: For everything we've ever wanted to know about the National Gallery... Director Udo Kittelmann has the answers.
1798:"Berlin’s 20th-century art to gain space of its own: The director of the Nationalgalerie, Udo Kittelmann, gets the green light to rehang Gemäldegalerie with modern masters"
518:
in the
Kulturforum would be moved out to make way for a representative permanent exhibition of modern art, for which the Neue Nationalgalerie does not have adequate space.
637:
1856:"'Wenn man durch die Neue Nationalgalerie geht, könnten einem die Tränen kommen!': art sprach exklusiv mit Udo Kittelmann, neuer Direktor der Nationalgalerien in Berlin"
214:(a form chosen for its symbolism that, it has been pointed out, is not well suited to displaying art) and is stylistically a combination of late Classicism and early
203:. In 1872 the structure was completed and interior work began. The opening took place on March 22, 1876 in the presence of William I, who was by then German Emperor.
922:
Vorgeschichte der
Museumspädagogik: Dargestellt an der Museumsentwicklung in den Städten Berlin, Dresden, München und Hamburg bis zum Beginn der Weimarer Republik
157:, and it became an increasingly serious proposition from 1850, when publications appeared advocating it. From the start it was bound up with the ambitions of
2005:
782:
1578:
692:
1748:
1093:
219:
822:
480:
In 1996, while the Alte
Nationalgalerie was still being slowly renovated, two further exhibition spaces were added for modern art. In September, the
1411:
247:, who was appointed in 1874, before the building was completed. When the building opened, in addition to Wagener's collection, it contained over 70
154:
1511:
Kurt Martin und das Musée des Beaux-Arts de
Strasbourg: Museums- und Ausstellungspolitik im 'Dritten Reich' und in der unmittelbaren Nachkriegszeit
1448:
Elizabeth M. Grady, "The
Popular Opposition: Politicizing Modern Art in the National Gallery in Berlin, 1918–1933", in Julie F. Codell, ed.,
2015:
1250:
161:
and the wish for Berlin to become a capital of world renown. The decision was finally taken in 1861, after the death of the banker and art patron
1068:
477:, the old building was extensively renovated and the new building is now used for 20th-century art and the old building for 19th-century art.
1987:
1760:
794:
435:
had been destroyed by fire. While the Alte
Nationalgalerie building was renovated, in the Western sector, paintings were initially housed in
68:
63:, which was built for it and opened in 1876, its exhibition space has expanded to include five other locations. The museums are part of the
2020:
1797:
1979:
1836:
742:
1630:
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1565:
1161:
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1963:
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1930:
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1307:
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1089:
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818:
1314:: "That situation can only be brought about if Art lends her hand to the task, if she elevates instead of sinking into the gutter."
1617:
834:
1478:
162:
1877:
187:. Two years and two failed plans later, his third proposal was finally accepted. Stüler died before planning was completed and
184:
1736:
has pictures of the exterior under renovation and says that the question of exhibiting East German art had yet to be resolved.
743:
Opening of the Collection Scharf-Gerstenberg "Surreal Worlds", Collection Scharf-Gerstenberg, National Gallery, 11 July 2008
30:
531:
504:
199:(Commission for the construction of the national gallery) was created. Ground was broken in 1867 under the supervision of
112:
1536:
1522:
1289:: "Das kann sie nur, wenn die Kunst die Hand dazu bietet, wenn sie erhebt, statt daß sie in den Rinnstein niedersteigt!"
1814:
1136:
1002:: "zu einer nationalen Galerie heranzuwachsen, welche die neuere Malerei auch in ihrer weitern Entwickelung darstellt".
169:, in the hope of catalysing the formation of a gallery of "more recent" art. The collection was initially known as the
1436:
1860:
1733:
1028:
364:, superior to that of all other German galleries then collecting modern art. By far the largest share of artworks in
1279:
1080:
James J. Sheehan, "Aesthetic Theory and Architectural Practice: Schinkel's Museum in Berlin", in David Wetzel, ed.,
779:
642:
408:
180:
109:, showing classics of 20th-century modern art collected by Heinz Berggruen; added to the National Gallery in 1996.
1956:
Kunst in Deutschland 1905–1937: Die verlorene Sammlung der Nationalgalerie im ehemaligen Kronprinzen-Palais
846:
166:
543:
343:, who was director from 1909 to 1933 and added to the gallery's holdings in early 19th-century German painting.
244:
153:
There was long discussion of the desirability of establishing a national gallery in Berlin, particularly during
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1370:
1283:
876:
448:
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467:
463:
424:
136:
979:
1311:
609:
579:
561:
385:
336:
188:
1082:
From the Berlin Museum to the Berlin Wall: Essays on the Cultural and Political History of Modern Germany
757:
1899:
451:. This opened on 15 September 1968 and initially exhibited the full range of 19th and 20th-century art.
436:
183:
began working on a design for a gallery building in 1863, based on a sketch by William I's father, King
1111:
867:, Exhibition catalogue, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, Georgia, Seattle: University of Washington, 1989,
346:
In 1919, after the abolition of the Prussian monarchy, the gallery acquired the Crown Prince's Palace (
1983:
1958:. Exhibition catalogue. Bilderheft der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin 70–72. Berlin: Mann, 1992.
1756:
790:
591:
585:
474:
452:
444:
413:
304:; in 1897, the Berlin National Gallery became the first museum in the world to acquire a painting by
207:
192:
92:
83:
64:
60:
56:
35:
661:
615:
603:
361:
165:, who bequeathed his extensive collection (262 artworks) to the then Prince Regent, the future King
1695:
619:
526:
492:, formerly a museum of technology but ruined in the war, opened after a six-year renovation as the
381:
300:
252:
573:
555:
340:
266:. Although he had previously had no association with modern art, he was fired with enthusiasm for
55:) in Berlin, Germany, is a museum for art of the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. It is part of the
693:"Rückblick auf die tollsten und chaotischsten Ausstellungen: Neue Nationalgalerie hat Geburtstag"
332:
1959:
1944:
1926:
1881:
1725:
1687:
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1514:
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489:
348:
324:
126:
1855:
920:
1941:
The Prussian Landeskunstkommission, 1862–1911: A Study in State Subvention of the Arts
1918:
1819:
1540:
1452:, Cranbury, New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson University/Associated University Presses, 2008,
1241:, Exhibition catalogue, Berkeley: University of California / New York: Jewish Museum, 1999,
893:
567:
549:
535:
481:
393:
353:
275:
271:
263:
259:
102:
376:
Justi was one of 27 art gallery and museum heads forced out by the Nazis in 1933 under the
319:
231:
sent a postcard of this building to a comrade in arms to congratulate him on receiving the
1772:
1752:
597:
485:
295:
215:
200:
46:
1178:
Berlin/New York: Like and Unlike: Essays on Architecture and Art from 1870 to the Present
305:
1402:, Woodbridge, Suffolk/Rochester, New York: Companion Guides/Boydell & Brewer, 2004,
632:
365:
291:
106:
17:
1655:
1216:
388:, who was in turn dismissed in 1937; he had refused to meet with the commission under
1999:
786:
720:
456:
431:
389:
357:
287:
267:
87:
745:, News, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, retrieved 4 June 2012
1777:
1425:
The End of Expressionism: Art and the November Revolution in Germany, 1918–19
514:
In December 2011, it was announced that the Old Masters currently displayed in the
279:
228:
99:. The building, designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, opened on 15 September 1968.
1221:
440:
309:
283:
116:
96:
1367:
Spirit of an Age: Nineteenth-Century Paintings from the Nationalgalerie, Berlin
1044:, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin: G + H, 2001,
497:
232:
223:
120:
1925:. Berlin: Nationalgalerie der Staatlichen Museen Preußischer Kulturbesitz, .
191:
handled the remaining details in 1865. In 1866, by order of the king and his
1943:. Kunst, Kultur und Politik im Deutschen Kaiserreich 6. Berlin: Mann, 1986.
1793:
1180:, ed. Josef Paul Kleihues and Christina Rathgeber, New York: Rizzoli, 1993,
79:
The holdings of the National Gallery are currently shown in five locations:
622:
as deputy director and head of the Neue Nationalgalerie from December 2011)
397:
1346:
248:
158:
1711:: "Es ist ... als ob ein armer Lehrling in einen Mercedes 600 stiege."
925:(in German). Münster: Museen, Geschichte und Gegenwart 2. p. 42.
173:(Wagener and National Gallery) and was housed in the buildings of the
312:, he gave a speech denouncing "gutter art" which became known as the
298:. One of the first, soon after Tschudi took up the post, was Manet's
211:
327:, which became the National Gallery's annexe for modern art in 1919
525:
509:
Stiftung Sammlung Dieter Scharf zur Erinnerung an Otto Gerstenberg
418:
407:
318:
430:
After the Second World War, the gallery and the other museums on
697:
1539:, Archives Directory for the History of Collecting in America,
270:
on a visit to Paris where he was introduced to the art dealer
149:
Planning, foundation and construction of the original building
847:"Friedrichswerdersche Kirche: Der Schinkel-Bau öffnet wieder"
34:
Original building of the National Gallery in Berlin, now the
1239:
Berlin Metropolis: Jews and the New Culture, 1890–1918
1837:"Direktor der Nationalgalerie: Kunst ist geistiges Kapital"
1475:
Degenerate Art: The Fate of the Avant-Garde in Nazi Germany
1300:
Wilhelm II: The Kaiser's Personal Monarchy, 1888–1900
339:. This was also an interest shared by Tschudi's successor,
1878:
Udo Kittelmann will leave Berlin Nationalgalerie next year
1450:
The Political Economy of Art: Making the Nation of Culture
400:
arrived. He remained in charge of the gallery until 1950.
133:, contemporary art; added to the National Gallery in 1996.
115:: in Charlottenburg, showing 20th-century art from French
530:
The two Stüler buildings in Charlottenburg: on the left,
447:(New National Gallery), a modernist building designed by
378:
Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service
222:
tops the stairs, and the inside stairs have a frieze by
1268:
Der Aufbau der persönlichen Monarchie, 1888–1900
262:, formerly assistant head of the Berlin museums under
251:
for friezes on mythological and religious subjects by
1722:
The Germans and Their Art: A Troublesome Relationship
1176:
Eberhard Roters, "The Birth Pangs of Modernism", in
1554:
The Faustian Bargain: The Art World in Nazi Germany
1042:
Die Alte Nationalgalerie: Geschichte, Bau und Umbau
155:
the period of revolutionary nationalism around 1848
638:List of claims for restitution for Nazi-looted art
1152:, New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University, 2012,
368:under the Nazis were taken from this collection.
991:Emil Kueschke, "Die Nationalgalerie in Berlin",
496:, housing contemporary art, initially most from
1676:Berlin: The Spatial Structure of a Divided City
412:The second National Gallery building, the 1968
243:The first director of the National Gallery was
1895:"Joachim Jäger neuer Vize der Nationalgalerie"
1505:
1503:
974:
972:
331:Tschudi also had a great appreciation for the
2011:Art museums and galleries established in 1861
1513:, Ars et scientia 2, Berlin: Akademie, 2012,
8:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1172:
1170:
1127:, Berkeley: University of California, 2003,
898:. London / Munich: Scala / Beck. p. 8.
753:
751:
1324:
1322:
1320:
948:The Bourgeois Experience: Victoria to Freud
1298:John C. G. Röhl, tr. Sheila de Bellaigue,
1106:
1104:
1102:
1023:
1021:
887:
885:
805:
803:
197:Kommission für den Bau der Nationalgalerie
1923:Die Geschichte der Nationalgalerie Berlin
1361:
1359:
1339:Art treasures of the Berlin State Museums
687:
685:
683:
423:19th-century sculpture on exhibit in the
258:In 1896, he was succeeded as director by
220:equestrian statue of Frederick William IV
1815:"Peter-Klaus Schuster: Mangel und Masse"
1427:, Chicago: University of Chicago, 1990,
1302:, New York: Cambridge University, 2004,
1084:, Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 1996,
775:
773:
738:
736:
716:
714:
712:
710:
123:; added to the National Gallery in 2008.
29:
1982:National Gallery, 29 March 2011. News.
1686:, e-edition Taylor & Francis 2005,
1607:: "Brutstätte des Kulturbolschewismus".
1537:"Schardt, Alois Jakob, 1889–1955"
1148:Thomas Friedrich, tr. Stewart Spencer,
863:Over 40 years until it finally opened:
653:
366:the 1937 exhibition of 'Degenerate Art'
1125:A History of Modern Germany Since 1815
666:Verein der Freunde der Nationalgalerie
380:, to be succeeded for a few months by
1876:Catherine Hickley (August 21, 2019),
1556:, New York: Oxford University, 2000,
662:"Die Nationalgalerie und die Freunde"
69:Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
7:
1724:, New Haven: Yale University, 1998,
813:, Berlin: Berlin: SMB-DuMont, 2003,
2006:Art museums and galleries in Berlin
1954:Annegret Janda and Jörn Grabowski.
1375:National Gallery of Art, Washington
1377:, London: National Gallery, 2001,
25:
954:, New York/London: Norton, 1998,
1674:T.H. Elkins with B. Hofmeister,
1479:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
895:The Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin
466:, a Gothic landmark designed by
163:Joachim Heinrich Wilhelm Wagener
1696:e-edition pp. 178–79, 229
995:NF XIII.2 (1877) 241–66,
185:Frederick William IV of Prussia
171:Wagenersche und Nationalgalerie
2016:1861 establishments in Prussia
865:Art in Berlin, 1815–1989
323:Late 19th-century view of the
1:
1773:"Ein Giacometti zum Abschied"
1400:The Companion Guide to Berlin
1337:Staatliche Museen zu Berlin,
532:Scharf-Gerstenberg Collection
505:Scharf-Gerstenberg Collection
356:, the Impressionists and the
113:Scharf-Gerstenberg Collection
27:Art museum in Berlin, Germany
1509:Tessa Friederike Rosebrock,
1150:Hitler's Berlin: Abused City
2021:Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
1984:Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
1757:Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
1543:, retrieved 25 August 2012.
1188:, pp. 180–93, p. 187.
919:Vieregg, Hildegard (1991).
791:Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
789:, Friedrichswerder Church,
95:: 20th-century art, at the
2037:
1485:, New York: Abrams, 1991,
1341:, New York: Abrams, 1965,
643:List of national galleries
210:, resembles a Greco-Roman
1694:, pp. 193–94, 248 (
1678:, London: Methuen, 1988,
721:"Die unheimlichen Retter"
1988:Preußischer Kulturbesitz
1761:Preußischer Kulturbesitz
1483:Art Institute of Chicago
1477:, Exhibition catalogue,
1371:National Gallery, London
1369:, Exhibition catalogue,
1365:Françoise Forster-Hahn,
811:Die Alte Nationalgalerie
795:Preußischer Kulturbesitz
449:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
206:The building, today the
175:Prussian Academy of Arts
892:Keisch, Claude (2005).
851:Der Tagesspiegel Online
758:"Kunstjuwel für Berlin"
468:Karl Friedrich Schinkel
464:Friedrichswerder Church
425:Friedrichswerder Church
290:as well as the earlier
181:Friedrich August Stüler
137:Friedrichswerder Church
86:: 19th-century art, on
18:Berlin National Gallery
1552:Jonathan Petropoulos,
1270:, Munich: Beck, 2001,
809:Peter-Klaus Schuster,
538:
427:
416:
337:Caspar David Friedrich
328:
50:
38:
1939:Christopher B. With.
529:
443:, which included the
437:Charlottenburg Palace
422:
411:
325:Crown Prince's Palace
322:
33:
1864:, 17 September 2009
1707:"Magere Schultern",
1603:"Magere Schultern",
780:Collection - History
701:, 15 September 2008
610:Peter-Klaus Schuster
580:Leopold Reidemeister
562:Eberhard Hanfstaengl
494:Museum für Gegenwart
475:German reunification
445:Neue Nationalgalerie
414:Neue Nationalgalerie
386:Eberhard Hanfstaengl
354:Berlin Secessionists
208:Alte Nationalgalerie
131:Museum für Gegenwart
93:Neue Nationalgalerie
84:Alte Nationalgalerie
65:Berlin State Museums
61:Alte Nationalgalerie
57:Berlin State Museums
36:Alte Nationalgalerie
1903:, 12 December 2011
1804:, 14 December 2011.
1781:, 16 December 2006
1225:, 9 September 1968
1092:, pp. 11–30,
1040:Bernhard Maaz, ed.
301:In the Conservatory
253:Peter von Cornelius
1843:, 29 October 2008
1751:2013-11-04 at the
1473:Stephanie Barron,
1217:"Magere Schultern"
727:, 28 October 1996
539:
428:
417:
329:
39:
1882:The Art Newspaper
1823:, 6 October 2008
1802:The Art Newspaper
1662:, 21 August 1963
1262:John C. G. Röhl,
1237:Emily D. Bilski,
1123:Frank B. Tipton,
760:, Zeitung heute,
614:2008–2020:
608:1999–2008:
602:1975–1997:
596:1974–1975:
590:1967–1974:
584:1965–1966:
578:1957–1964:
572:1950–1957:
566:1937–1950:
560:1933–1937:
554:1909–1933:
548:1896–1908:
542:1874–1895:
490:Hamburger Bahnhof
349:Kronprinzenpalais
316:(gutter speech).
127:Hamburger Bahnhof
16:(Redirected from
2028:
1969:
1936:
1919:Paul Ortwin Rave
1907:
1906:
1892:
1886:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1841:Der Tagesspiegel
1833:
1827:
1826:
1820:Der Tagesspiegel
1811:
1805:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1770:
1764:
1746:Museum Berggruen
1743:
1737:
1734:pp. 106–07
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1541:Frick Collection
1534:
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1527:
1507:
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1471:
1465:
1446:
1440:
1423:Joan Weinstein,
1421:
1415:
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1235:
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1137:pp. 132–33
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762:Der Tagesspiegel
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718:
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704:
691:Roland Keitsch,
689:
678:
677:
675:
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658:
568:Paul Ortwin Rave
550:Hugo von Tschudi
536:Berggruen Museum
534:; on the right,
482:Berggruen Museum
394:Paul Ortwin Rave
333:German Romantics
272:Paul Durand-Ruel
264:Wilhelm von Bode
260:Hugo von Tschudi
103:Berggruen Museum
43:National Gallery
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1935:(in German)
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1783:(in German)
1709:Der Spiegel
1664:(in German)
1660:Der Spiegel
1642:Rosebrock,
1616:Rosebrock,
1605:Der Spiegel
1526:(in German)
1287:(in German)
1227:(in German)
1222:Der Spiegel
1057:(in German)
1000:(in German)
993:Unsere Zeit
978:Vieregger,
946:Peter Gay,
766:(in German)
729:(in German)
725:Der Spiegel
703:(in German)
668:(in German)
441:Kulturforum
310:Siegesallee
117:Romanticism
97:Kulturforum
59:. From the
2000:Categories
1264:Wilhelm II
1067:Kueschke,
1011:Kueschke,
649:References
544:Max Jordan
498:Erich Marx
484:, housing
473:Following
245:Max Jordan
239:Until 1933
233:Iron Cross
224:Otto Geyer
189:Carl Busse
121:Surrealism
1794:Axel Lapp
1266:Volume 2
950:Volume 5
522:Directors
292:Constable
167:William I
75:Locations
1749:Archived
1590:Keisch,
1280:pp. 1022
1110:Keisch,
1027:Keisch,
835:SMB page
783:Archived
627:See also
457:Mercedes
404:Post-war
398:Red Army
249:cartoons
1900:Monopol
306:Cézanne
296:Courbet
193:cabinet
159:Prussia
144:History
1962:
1947:
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1351:p. 65
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877:p. 59
823:p. 45
288:Rodin
284:Degas
280:Monet
276:Manet
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1343:OCLC
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1251:p. 3
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698:Bild
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294:and
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