142:
134:. Whether these crystallins are products of a fortuitous accident of evolution, in that these particular enzymes happened to be transparent and highly soluble, or whether these diverse enzymatic activities are part of the protective machinery of the lens, is an active research topic. The recruitment of protein that originally evolved with one function to serve a second, unrelated function is an example of an
491:
299:), particularly in their C-terminal halves. The relationship between these families is one of classic gene duplication and divergence, from the small HSP family, allowing adaptation to novel functions. Divergence probably occurred prior to evolution of the eye lens, alpha-crystallin being found in small amounts in tissues outside the lens.
178:-specific crystallins which are only found in the lens of some organisms; these include delta, epsilon, tau, and iota-crystallins. For example, alpha, beta, and delta crystallins are found in avian and reptilian lenses, and the alpha, beta, and gamma families are found in the lenses of all other vertebrates.
170:
called βγ-Crystallins. The α-crystallin family and βγ-crystallins compose the major family of proteins present in the crystalline lens. They occur in all vertebrate classes (though gamma-crystallins are low or absent in avian lenses); and delta-crystallin is found exclusively in reptiles and birds.
61:
accounting for the transparency of the structure. It has also been identified in other places such as the heart, and in aggressive breast cancer tumors. Since it has been shown that lens injury may promote nerve regeneration, crystallin has been an area of neural research. So far, it has been
306:-like properties including the ability to prevent the precipitation of denatured proteins and to increase cellular tolerance to stress. It has been suggested that these functions are important for the maintenance of lens transparency and the prevention of
1595:
Lutsch G, Vetter R, Offhauss U, Wieske M, Gröne HJ, Klemenz R, Schimke I, Stahl J, Benndorf R (1997). "Abundance and location of the small heat shock proteins HSP25 and alphaB-crystallin in rat and human heart".
2022:
Simpson A, Bateman O, Driessen H, Lindley P, Moss D, Mylvaganam S, Narebor E, Slingsby C (1994). "The structure of avian eye lens delta-crystallin reveals a new fold for a superfamily of oligomeric enzymes".
86:
and regulatory functions, both within the lens and in other parts of the body. More proteins containing βγ-crystallin domains have now been characterized as calcium binding proteins with
462:
Beta- and gamma- crystallin form a separate family. Structurally, beta and gamma crystallins are composed of two similar domains which, in turn, are each composed of two similar
313:
The N-terminal domain of alpha-crystallin is not necessary for dimerisation or chaperone activity, but appears to be required for the formation of higher order aggregates.
1680:
Fischer D, Pavlidis M, Thanos S (2000). "Cataractogenic lens injury prevents traumatic ganglion cell death and promotes axonal regeneration both in vivo and in culture".
1788:
154:
Crystallins from a vertebrate eye lens are classified into three main types: alpha, beta and gamma crystallins. These distinctions are based on the order in which they
430:
263:
106:
to other enzymes. The crystallins of different groups of organisms are related to a large number of different proteins, with those from birds and reptiles related to
295:
Alpha-crystallin occurs as large aggregates, comprising two types of related subunits (A and B) that are highly similar to the small (15-30kDa) heat shock proteins (
2524:
2386:
1859:"Identification and characterization of the enzymatic activity of zeta-crystallin from guinea pig lens. A novel NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase"
1765:
1752:. Progress in Drug Research. Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung. Progres des Recherches Pharmaceutiques. Vol. 60. pp. 205–262.
378:
1631:
Moyano JV, Evans JR, Chen F, Lu M, Werner ME, Yehiely F, Diaz LK, Turbin D, Karaca G, Wiley E, Nielsen TO, Perou CM, Cryns VL (2005).
2351:
533:
2790:
82:
while not obstructing light. However, this is not their only function. It has become clear that crystallins may have several
1802:"Zeta-crystallin versus other members of the alcohol dehydrogenase super-family. Variability as a functional characteristic"
450:
283:
2492:
2246:"Evolution of a protein superfamily: relationships between vertebrate lens crystallins and microorganism dormancy proteins"
159:
87:
2785:
506:
2754:
515:
1987:
de Jong WW, Bloemendal H, Hendriks W, Mulders JW (1989). "Evolution of eye lens crystallins: the stress connection".
310:. This is supported by the observation that alpha-crystallin mutations show an association with cataract formation.
2795:
2517:
1941:
Buss DM, Haselton MG, Shackelford TK, Bleske AL, Wakefield JC (1998). "Adaptations, exaptations, and spandrels".
127:
2477:
2467:
438:
271:
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119:
111:
131:
2703:
2668:
2510:
115:
107:
2483:
434:
267:
511:
Lots of duplicate entries in the table. Please regenerate the table using only the "reviewed" entries.
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2122:
1813:
391:
166:) are similar in sequence, structure and domains topology, and thus have been grouped together as a
501:
2722:
2672:
303:
167:
2205:"A novel quaternary structure of the dimeric alpha-crystallin domain with chaperone-like activity"
2281:
2091:
2048:
1966:
1923:
1839:
1800:
Jörnvall H, Persson B, Du Bois GC, Lavers GC, Chen JH, Gonzalez P, Rao PV, Zigler JS Jr (1993).
2373:, Subcellular Biochemistry, vol. 93, Springer International Publishing, pp. 439–460,
2168:
Augusteyn RC (1998). "alpha-Crystallin polymers and polymerization: the view from down under".
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2392:
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2111:"The Thermal Structural Transition of α-Crystallin Inhibits the Heat Induced Self-Aggregation"
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2004:
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250:
162:
column. These are also called ubiquitous crystallins. Beta- and gamma-crystallins (such as
2496:
1633:"B-Crystallin is a novel oncoprotein that predicts poor clinical outcome in breast cancer"
2301:"The evolution of lenticular proteins: the beta- and gamma-crystallin super gene family"
2261:
2126:
1817:
470:. Each motif, which is about forty amino acid residues long, is folded in a distinctive
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2110:
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50:
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Ghosh, Kalyan Sundar; Chauhan, Priyanka (2019), "Crystallins and Their
Complexes",
2285:
413:
246:
2440:
1843:
478:, composed of a complex group of molecules, whereas gamma crystallin is a simpler
145:
An alignment of the human crystallin proteins alpha, beta, and gamma from
Uniprot.
2378:
2135:
2066:
Augusteyn RC (2004). "alpha-crystallin: a review of its structure and function".
1709:"Elongation of Axons during Regeneration Involves Retinal Crystallin b2 (crybb2)"
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479:
467:
371:
366:
155:
99:
63:
46:
38:
1898:
Piatigorsky J (1993). "Puzzle of crystallin diversity in eye lenses".
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278:
54:
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2544:
2203:
Malfois M, Feil IK, Hendle J, Svergun DI, van Der Zandt H (2001).
1548:"Corneal crystallins and the development of cellular transparency"
175:
163:
140:
2621:
2616:
2427:
Graw J (1997). "The crystallins: Genes, proteins and diseases".
407:
342:
296:
240:
207:
2506:
2502:
2626:
484:
58:
2409:
2370:
Macromolecular
Protein Complexes II: Structure and Function
545:
1707:
Liedtke T, Schwamborn JC, Schröer U, Thanos S (2007).
2109:
Maulucci G, Papi M, Arcovito G, De
Spirito M (2011).
466:
with the two domains connected by a short connecting
2340:
Nathaniel Knox
Cartwright; Petros Carvounis (2005).
62:
demonstrated that crystallin β b2 (crybb2) may be a
2742:
2644:
2602:
2558:
2543:
1748:Bhat SP (2003). "Crystallins, genes and cataract".
444:
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277:
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239:
234:
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193:
188:
174:In addition to these crystallins there are other
74:The main function of crystallins at least in the
1789:betagamma-crystallin AND calcium - PubMed result
1682:Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
2343:Short answer questions for the MRCOphth, Part 1
1982:
1980:
2518:
2299:Schoenmakers JG, Lubsen NH, Aarts HJ (1988).
8:
1552:Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
2499:, by David Goodsell, RCSB Protein Data Bank
2555:
2525:
2511:
2503:
398:
231:
2476:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
2466:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
2316:
2220:
2144:
2134:
1874:
1857:Rao PV, Krishna CM, Zigler JS Jr (1992).
1825:
1724:
1656:
1571:
534:Learn how and when to remove this message
90:motif as a novel calcium-binding motif.
2486:by Christine Slingsby, Birkbeck College
1538:
78:of the eye is probably to increase the
320:
185:
102:, while others lack activity but show
7:
2346:. Radcliffe Publishing. p. 80.
189:Alpha crystallin A chain, N terminal
1863:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1713:Molecular & Cellular Proteomics
2490:Crystallins: Molecule of the Month
2484:Lens Crystallin Crystal Structures
2080:10.1111/j.1444-0938.2004.tb03095.x
25:
1637:Journal of Clinical Investigation
474:. However, beta crystallin is an
489:
808:HSPB8 CRYAC E2IG1 HSP22 PP1629
45:is a water-soluble structural
1:
2441:10.1515/bchm.1997.378.11.1299
2182:10.1016/S0141-8130(98)00023-3
1876:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)48464-5
940:DKFZp434A0627 CRYGS hCG_16149
402:Available protein structures:
235:Available protein structures:
160:gel filtration chromatography
2379:10.1007/978-3-030-28151-9_14
2318:10.1016/0079-6107(88)90010-7
2136:10.1371/journal.pone.0018906
2001:10.1016/0968-0004(89)90009-1
1827:10.1016/0014-5793(93)81578-N
1564:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.015
863:HSPB11 C1orf41 IFT25 HSPC034
98:Some crystallins are active
2755:Guanylate cyclase activator
1758:10.1007/978-3-0348-8012-1_7
547:List of Human Crystallins
509:. The specific problem is:
2812:
1955:10.1037/0003-066X.53.5.533
1726:10.1074/mcp.M600245-MCP200
505:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s
29:
1943:The American Psychologist
1750:Progress in Drug Research
1610:10.1161/01.cir.96.10.3466
397:
317:Beta and gamma crystallin
230:
128:glutathione S-transferase
2478:Medical Subject Headings
2468:Medical Subject Headings
2305:Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol
30:Not to be confused with
27:Protein found in the eye
112:argininosuccinate lyase
2222:10.1074/jbc.M010856200
2170:Int. J. Biol. Macromol
1912:10.1002/aja.1001960408
1900:Developmental Dynamics
146:
132:aldehyde dehydrogenase
114:, those of mammals to
2791:Moonlighting proteins
324:Beta/Gamma crystallin
302:Alpha-crystallin has
144:
116:alcohol dehydrogenase
108:lactate dehydrogenase
18:Beta gamma crystallin
2550:retinylidene protein
2429:Biological Chemistry
555:Alternate Gene names
516:improve this section
2786:Structural proteins
2262:1990JMolE..30..140W
2215:(15): 12024–12029.
2127:2011PLoSO...618906M
2037:10.1038/nsb1094-724
1989:Trends Biochem. Sci
1818:1993FEBSL.322..240J
984:DKFZp779D0968 HSPB7
643:CRYBB2 CRYB2 CRYB2A
548:
168:protein superfamily
66:-promoting factor.
2495:2015-10-25 at the
2270:10.1007/BF02099940
1546:Jester JV (2008).
797:HSPB3 HSP27 HSPL27
552:UniProt Entry name
546:
147:
2796:Human eye anatomy
2773:
2772:
2640:
2639:
2474:alpha-Crystallins
2435:(11): 1331–1348.
2388:978-3-030-28151-9
2244:Wistow G (1990).
2025:Nat. Struct. Biol
1767:978-3-0348-9402-9
1688:(12): 3943–3954.
1604:(10): 3466–3476.
1531:
1530:
973:HSPB3 hCG_1736006
841:HSPB1 HSP27 HSP28
742:CRYAA CRYA1 HSPB4
544:
543:
536:
507:quality standards
498:This section may
472:Greek key pattern
460:
459:
456:
455:
451:structure summary
293:
292:
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284:structure summary
120:quinone reductase
16:(Redirected from
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2765:Rhodopsin kinase
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995:HSPB7 hCG_23506
962:HSPB2 hCG_39461
929:ZEB1 AREB6 TCF8
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570:
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564:
560:
559:
556:
553:
542:
541:
497:
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488:
458:
457:
454:
453:
448:
442:
441:
428:
422:
421:
411:
404:
403:
395:
394:
381:
375:
374:
369:
363:
362:
357:
351:
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335:
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326:
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318:
315:
291:
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287:
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275:
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261:
255:
254:
244:
237:
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228:
227:
222:
216:
215:
210:
204:
203:
200:
196:
195:
191:
190:
183:
180:
151:
150:Classification
148:
95:
92:
71:
68:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2808:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2528:
2523:
2521:
2516:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2363:
2360:
2355:
2353:9781857758849
2349:
2345:
2344:
2336:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2240:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2209:J. Biol. Chem
2206:
2199:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2176:(3): 253–62.
2175:
2171:
2164:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2121:(5): e18906.
2120:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2074:(6): 356–66.
2073:
2069:
2062:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2018:
2015:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1869:(1): 96–102.
1868:
1864:
1860:
1853:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1744:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1722:
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1710:
1703:
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1471:
1468:
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1407:
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1400:
1396:
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1389:
1385:
1383:
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1369:
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1332:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1297:DKFZp434L1713
1296:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1264:
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1256:
1253:
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1234:
1231:
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1209:
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1201:
1198:
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1190:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1145:
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1141:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1001:
997:
994:
991:
990:
986:
983:
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979:
975:
972:
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968:
964:
961:
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957:
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950:
947:
946:
942:
939:
936:
935:
931:
928:
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917:
914:
913:
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906:
903:
902:
898:
895:
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891:
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884:
881:
880:
876:
873:
870:
869:
865:
862:
859:
858:
854:
851:
848:
847:
843:
840:
837:
836:
832:
829:
826:
825:
821:
818:
815:
814:
810:
807:
804:
803:
799:
796:
793:
792:
788:
785:
782:
781:
777:
774:
771:
770:
766:
763:
760:
759:
755:
752:
749:
748:
744:
741:
738:
737:
733:
730:
727:
726:
722:
719:
716:
715:
711:
708:
705:
704:
700:
697:
694:
693:
689:
686:
683:
682:
678:
675:
672:
671:
667:
664:
661:
660:
656:
653:
650:
649:
645:
642:
639:
638:
634:
631:
628:
627:
623:
620:
617:
616:
612:
609:
606:
605:
601:
598:
595:
594:
590:
587:
584:
583:
579:
576:
573:
572:
568:
565:
562:
561:
557:
554:
551:
550:
538:
535:
527:
517:
512:
508:
504:
503:
496:
487:
486:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
452:
449:
447:
443:
440:
436:
432:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
412:
409:
405:
400:
396:
393:
389:
385:
382:
380:
376:
373:
370:
368:
364:
361:
358:
356:
352:
349:
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
327:
322:
316:
314:
311:
309:
305:
300:
298:
285:
282:
280:
276:
273:
269:
265:
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
245:
242:
238:
233:
229:
226:
223:
221:
217:
214:
211:
209:
205:
201:
197:
192:
187:
181:
179:
177:
172:
169:
165:
161:
157:
149:
143:
139:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
93:
91:
89:
85:
81:
77:
69:
67:
65:
60:
56:
52:
49:found in the
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
2645:
2432:
2428:
2404:
2369:
2362:
2342:
2335:
2311:(1): 47–76.
2308:
2304:
2294:
2253:
2250:J. Mol. Evol
2249:
2239:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2118:
2114:
2104:
2071:
2067:
2061:
2028:
2024:
2017:
1995:(9): 365–8.
1992:
1988:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1866:
1862:
1852:
1809:
1806:FEBS Letters
1805:
1795:
1784:
1749:
1743:
1716:
1712:
1702:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1640:
1636:
1626:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1558:(2): 82–93.
1555:
1551:
1541:
1521:D3YTC6_HUMAN
1510:C9J659_HUMAN
1499:I3L3J9_HUMAN
1488:C9J5N2_HUMAN
1477:E9PJL7_HUMAN
1466:E9PRA8_HUMAN
1455:J3QRT1_HUMAN
1444:F8WE04_HUMAN
1434:Q13684_HUMAN
1424:B4DIA6_HUMAN
1413:C9JDH2_HUMAN
1402:Q6P5P8_HUMAN
1391:Q71V83_HUMAN
1381:B4DWM9_HUMAN
1370:Q7Z3C1_HUMAN
1359:I3L325_HUMAN
1349:B4DLI1_HUMAN
1338:B1AHR5_HUMAN
1327:I3L2W5_HUMAN
1316:Q96QW7_HUMAN
1305:J3KQW1_HUMAN
1294:Q9NTH7_HUMAN
1283:I3NI53_HUMAN
1273:B4DUL6_HUMAN
1262:E9PIR9_HUMAN
1251:E9PS12_HUMAN
1240:H9KVC2_HUMAN
1229:H0YG30_HUMAN
1218:I3L3Y1_HUMAN
1207:K7EP04_HUMAN
1196:E9PRS4_HUMAN
1185:C9J5A3_HUMAN
1175:B7ZAH2_HUMAN
1165:Q8IVN0_HUMAN
1154:E9PR44_HUMAN
1143:V9HW43_HUMAN
1133:B4DL87_HUMAN
1122:E7EWH7_HUMAN
1111:E9PNH7_HUMAN
1100:E9PHE4_HUMAN
1089:H0YCW8_HUMAN
1078:V9HW27_HUMAN
1068:B4DNC2_HUMAN
1057:V9HWB6_HUMAN
1046:Q24JT5_HUMAN
1036:B3KQL3_HUMAN
1025:R4UMM2_HUMAN
1014:C3VMY8_HUMAN
1003:B4DLE8_HUMAN
992:Q8N241_HUMAN
981:Q68DG0_HUMAN
970:Q6ICS9_HUMAN
959:A8KAH6_HUMAN
948:B4DU04_HUMAN
937:Q9UFA7_HUMAN
654:CRYBB3 CRYB3
599:CRYBA1 CRYB1
566:AIM1L CRYBG2
530:
521:
514:Please help
510:
499:
461:
312:
301:
294:
173:
153:
97:
73:
42:
36:
2573:Cone opsins
2464:Crystallins
1598:Circulation
915:TITIN_HUMAN
896:CRYZL1 4P11
893:QORL1_HUMAN
882:ODFP1_HUMAN
860:IFT25_HUMAN
849:HSPB6_HUMAN
838:HSPB1_HUMAN
827:HSPB9_HUMAN
819:HSPB7 CVHSP
816:HSPB7_HUMAN
805:HSPB8_HUMAN
794:HSPB3_HUMAN
783:HSPB2_HUMAN
761:CRYL1_HUMAN
753:CRYAB CRYA2
750:CRYAB_HUMAN
739:CRYAA_HUMAN
731:CRYGD CRYG4
709:CRYGB CRYG2
698:CRYGC CRYG3
687:CRYGA CRYG1
676:CRYGS CRYG8
662:CRBG3_HUMAN
651:CRBB3_HUMAN
640:CRBB2_HUMAN
629:CRBA4_HUMAN
618:CRBB1_HUMAN
607:CRBA2_HUMAN
596:CRBA1_HUMAN
577:AIM1 CRYBG1
563:AIM1L_HUMAN
518:if you can.
329:Identifiers
194:Identifiers
124:cephalopods
32:Crystalline
2780:Categories
2646:Crystallin
2612:Melanopsin
1534:References
926:ZEB1_HUMAN
772:CRYM_HUMAN
728:CRGD_HUMAN
717:CRGN_HUMAN
706:CRGB_HUMAN
695:CRGC_HUMAN
684:CRGA_HUMAN
673:CRBS_HUMAN
585:ARLY_HUMAN
574:AIM1_HUMAN
524:March 2021
414:structures
247:structures
202:Crystallin
136:exaptation
43:crystallin
2760:Recoverin
2604:nonvisual
2568:Rhodopsin
2410:"Uniprot"
1146:HEL-S-102
1081:HEL-S-101
904:QOR_HUMAN
885:ODF1 ODFP
871:MAF_HUMAN
775:CRYM THBP
764:CRYL1 CRY
372:PDOC00197
360:IPR001064
308:cataracts
304:chaperone
225:IPR003090
88:Greek key
84:metabolic
2750:Arrestin
2537:proteins
2493:Archived
2397:31939160
2231:11278766
2155:21573059
2115:PLOS ONE
2096:72202184
2088:15575808
2053:38532468
1971:11128780
1928:45840536
1776:12790344
1735:17264069
1694:11053298
1667:16395408
1582:17997336
500:require
476:oligomer
431:RCSB PDB
355:InterPro
337:Crystall
264:RCSB PDB
220:InterPro
104:homology
70:Function
53:and the
2587:OPN1MW2
2449:9426193
2327:3064189
2286:1411821
2278:2107329
2258:Bibcode
2190:9650080
2146:3090392
2123:Bibcode
2045:7634077
2009:2688200
1963:9612136
1920:8219350
1885:1370456
1836:8486156
1814:Bibcode
1658:1323258
1618:9396443
1573:2275913
558:Length
502:cleanup
480:monomer
468:peptide
367:PROSITE
348:PF00030
213:PF00525
158:from a
100:enzymes
64:neurite
57:of the
47:protein
39:anatomy
2592:OPN1SW
2583:OPN1MW
2578:OPN1LW
2560:visual
2480:(MeSH)
2470:(MeSH)
2447:
2395:
2385:
2350:
2325:
2284:
2276:
2229:
2188:
2153:
2143:
2094:
2086:
2051:
2043:
2007:
1969:
1961:
1926:
1918:
1883:
1844:562775
1842:
1834:
1774:
1764:
1733:
1692:
1665:
1655:
1616:
1580:
1570:
1513:CRYBG3
1491:CRYBG3
1458:CRYBA1
1416:CRYBA2
1341:CRYBB3
1028:CRYBB2
1006:CRYBG3
921:34350
665:CRYBG3
632:CRYBA4
621:CRYBB1
610:CRYBA2
464:motifs
446:PDBsum
420:
410:
392:SUPFAM
334:Symbol
279:PDBsum
253:
243:
199:Symbol
55:cornea
2743:Other
2704:Gamma
2654:Alpha
2545:Opsin
2282:S2CID
2092:S2CID
2049:S2CID
1967:S2CID
1924:S2CID
1840:S2CID
1524:HSPB7
1480:CRYAB
1469:CRYAB
1447:HSPB1
1394:CRYAA
1308:AIM1L
1265:AIM1L
1254:CRYAB
1232:HSPB8
1210:HSPB6
1199:CRYAB
1188:HSPB7
1157:CRYAB
1125:CRYAA
1114:CRYAB
1103:CRYAA
1092:CRYAB
1060:HEL55
1049:CRYGA
1017:CRYAB
1009:1365
932:1124
852:HSPB6
830:HSPB9
786:HSPB2
720:CRYGN
668:1022
580:1723
388:SCOPe
379:SCOP2
297:sHsps
176:taxon
164:CRYGC
156:elute
2669:Beta
2622:OPN5
2617:OPN3
2445:PMID
2393:PMID
2383:ISBN
2348:ISBN
2323:PMID
2274:PMID
2227:PMID
2186:PMID
2151:PMID
2084:PMID
2041:PMID
2005:PMID
1959:PMID
1916:PMID
1881:PMID
1832:PMID
1772:PMID
1762:ISBN
1731:PMID
1690:PMID
1663:PMID
1614:PMID
1578:PMID
1527:165
1516:131
1502:CRYM
1494:229
1483:130
1472:155
1450:186
1429:155
1419:129
1408:326
1405:AIM1
1386:154
1376:191
1365:241
1362:CRYM
1354:403
1344:113
1333:165
1330:CRYM
1322:316
1319:AIM1
1311:296
1300:264
1289:140
1286:CRYM
1268:787
1246:272
1243:CRYM
1235:152
1221:CRYM
1213:137
1191:124
1180:542
1160:174
1149:205
1138:170
1128:153
1117:106
1106:136
1095:106
1084:175
1073:196
1063:160
1052:105
1041:119
1031:205
1020:175
998:245
987:174
976:150
965:182
954:542
943:120
910:329
907:CRYZ
899:349
888:250
877:373
866:144
855:160
844:205
833:159
822:170
811:196
800:150
789:182
778:314
767:319
756:175
745:173
734:174
723:182
712:175
701:174
690:174
679:178
657:211
646:205
635:196
624:252
613:197
602:215
591:464
569:616
439:PDBj
435:PDBe
418:ECOD
408:Pfam
384:4gcr
343:Pfam
272:PDBj
268:PDBe
251:ECOD
241:Pfam
208:Pfam
130:and
118:and
110:and
76:lens
51:lens
41:, a
2632:RGR
2627:RRH
2534:Eye
2437:doi
2433:378
2375:doi
2313:doi
2266:doi
2217:doi
2213:276
2178:doi
2141:PMC
2131:doi
2076:doi
2033:doi
1997:doi
1951:doi
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