287:. The passages in the Gemara containing additional Mishna are, however, given in New Hebrew. Only thirty-nine tractates of the Mishna have Gemara. The Talmud, then, consists of the Mishna (traditions from 450 BC till 200 AD), together with a commentary thereon, Gemara, the latter being composed about 200-500 AD. Next to the Bible the Babylonian Talmud is the great religious book of orthodox Jews, though the Palestinian Talmud is more highly prized by modern scholars. From the year 500 till the Middle Ages the rabbis (geonim) in Babylonia and elsewhere were engaged in commenting on the Talmud and reconciling it with the Bible. A list of such commentaries is given in
2171:, An Exposition of the Old and New Testaments(1708-1710), 5 volumes, Folio (modern editions derive from early 19th century editions); Mayer; Samuel Clark, The Old and New Testaments, with Annotations and Parallel Scriptures (1690) and Survey of the Bible; or, An Analytical Account of the Holy Scriptures... (1693); William Lowth, Commentary on the Prophets (1714-1725); William Dodd, Commentary on the Books of the Old and New Testaments (1770), 3 volumes Folio;
1312:, a Spanish Jesuit, born 1584, wrote commentaries on Isaias, Baruch, Ezechiel, Daniel, Psalms, Proverbs, Canticles (Song of Solomon), and Ecclesiastes. His best work, however, is his Latin commentary on the Four Gospels, which is generally acknowledged to be one of the best ever written. When Maldonato was teaching at the University of Paris the hall was filled with eager students before the lecture began, and he had frequently to speak in the open air.
3417:
3453:
2817:(1808–74) applied this mythical explanation to the Gospels. He showed most clearly, that if with Paulus the Gospels are allowed to be authentic, the attempt to explain the miracles naturally breaks down completely. Strauss rejected the authenticity and regarded the miraculous accounts in the Gospels as naive legends, the productions of the pious imaginations of the early generations of Christians.
3157:
3429:
3441:
3047:
2811:(1780–1849), a pupil of Paulus. In his "Introduction to the Old Testament" (1806) he maintained that the miraculous narratives of the Old Testament were popular legends, which in the course of centuries, became transformed and transfused with the marvellous and the supernatural, and were finally committed to writing in perfectly good faith.
199:, which, according to the uncritical view of many Jews, began with Moses. This Oral Law consists of legal and liturgical interpretations and applications of the Pentateuch. As no part of it was written down, it was preserved by constant repetition (Mishna). Upon the destruction of Jerusalem, several rabbis, learned in this Law, settled at
2807:(1761–1850), following the lead of Eichhorn, applied to the Gospels the naturalistic method of explaining miracles. G. L Bauer, Heyne (died 1812), and Creuzer denied the authenticity of the greater portion of the Pentateuch and compared it to the mythology of the Greeks and Romans. The greatest advocate of such views was
2028:, representing 94% of Greek manuscripts. It offers commentary and other material to show the Eastern Orthodox Christian understanding of Scripture often in opposite to catholic and Protestant ideas. Additionally the OSB provides basic daily prayers, a lectionary for personal use, and reproductions of icons in its pages.
402:(died 942), the most powerful writer against the Karaites, translated the Bible into Arabic and added notes. Besides commentaries on the Bible, Saadiah wrote a systematic treatise bringing revealed religion into harmony with Greek philosophy. He thus became the forerunner of Maimonides and the Catholic Schoolmen.
1306:'s commentary on the whole Bible. Cornelius a Lapide, S. J. (born 1566), was a native of the Low Countries, and was well versed in Greek and Hebrew. During forty years he devoted himself to teaching and to the composition of his great work, which has been highly praised by Protestants as well as Catholics.
473:
There were the two
Kimchis, especially David (died 1235) of Narbonne, who was a celebrated grammarian, lexicographer, and commentator inclined to the literal sense. He was followed by Nachmanides of Catalonia (died 1270), a doctor of medicine who wrote commentaries of a cabbalistic tendency; Immanuel
247:
and consists of six great divisions or orders, each division containing, on an average, about ten tractates, each tractate being made up of several chapters. The Mishna may be said to be a compilation of Jewish traditional moral theology, liturgy, law, etc. There were other traditions not embodied in
1757:
For a list of
Catholic publications on the Scripture, the reader may be referred to the "Revue biblique", edited by Lagrange (Jerusalem and Paris), and the "Biblische Zeitschrift', published by Herder (Freiburg im Breisgau). For further information concerning the principal Catholic commentators see
815:
The great representatives of this school were
Diodorus, Theodore of Mopsuestia, and St. John Chrysostom. Diodorus, who died Bishop of Tarsus (394), followed the literal to the exclusion of the mystical or allegorical sense. Theodore was born at Antioch, in 347, became Bishop of Mopsuestia, and died
2979:
Holtzmann, while practically admitting the authenticity of the
Gospels, especially of St. Mark, explains away the miracles. He believes that miracles do not happen, and that the scripture are merely echoes of Old Testament miracle stories. Holtzmann was severely taken to task by several writers in
87:
He did not make the distinction between natural and revealed religion. For example, Pagan systems may have natural religion highly developed, but, from a Judeo-Christian point of view, with much concomitant error. His exegesis served to tide over the difficulty for the time amongst the
Hellenistic
1281:
The influx of Greek scholars into Italy after the fall of
Constantinople, the Christian and anti-Christian Renaissance, the invention of printing, the controversial excitement caused by the rise of Protestantism, and the publication of polyglot Bibles by Cardinal Ximenes and others, gave renewed
2179:(ca. 1791), 2 volumes; ; The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments, according to the Authorized Version, with short Notes by several learned and pious Reformers, as printed by Royal Authority at the time of the Reformation, with additional Notes and Dissertations, London, 1810.
726:
he wrote scholia, homilies, and commentaries on the Old and the New
Testament. In his scholia he gave short explanations of difficult passages after the manner of his contemporaries, the annotators of the Greek classics. Most of the scholia, in which he chiefly sought the literal sense, are
46:, which are not regarded as Bible commentaries in the modern sense of the word, but which provide the foundation for later commentary. With the exception of these classical Jewish works, this article focuses on Christian Biblical commentaries; for more on Jewish Biblical commentaries, see
1285:
It was then that the
Jesuits, founded in 1534, stepped into the front rank to counter the attacks on the Catholic Church. The Ratio Studiorum of the Jesuits made it incumbent on their professors of Scripture to acquire a mastery of Greek, Hebrew, and other Semitic languages.
2827:
originated a theory which was for a time in great vogue, but which was afterwards abandoned by the majority of critics. He held that the New
Testament contains the writings of two antagonistic parties amongst the Apostles and early Christians. His principal followers were
3088:
notes that this is an accurate translation of the Koine (Received or
Ecclesiastical) Text, instead of the modern "reasoned eclectic" Alexandrian text base in Nestle-Aland/UBS (based on three ancient manuscripts representative of a small part of Christian tradition,
2801:, in his "Introduction to the Old Testament" (Leipzig 1780–83, 3 vols.), maintained that the Scriptures were genuine productions, but that, as the Jews saw the intervention of God in the most ordinary natural occurrences, the miracles should be explained naturally.
1282:
interest in the study of the Bible among Catholic scholars. Controversy showed them the necessity of devoting more attention to the literal meaning of the text, according to the wise principle laid down by St. Thomas in the beginning of his "Summa Theologica".
609:
may be roughly divided into three periods: the Age of the Fathers, the Age of Catenæ and Scholia (seventh to sixteenth century), and the Age of Modern Commentaries (sixteenth to twentieth century). The earliest known commentary on Christian scriptures was by a
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and other Fathers. In his other works Origen pushed the allegorical interpretation to the utmost extreme. In spite of this, however, his writings were of great value, and with the exception of St. Augustine, no writer of ancient times had such influence.
936:
Jerome, besides his translations of Scripture and other works, left many commentaries, in some of which he departed from the literal meaning of the text. At times he did not always indicate when he was quoting from different authors, which according to
1043:" on the entire Bible. It is a brief explanation of the literal and mystical sense, based on Rabanus Maurus and other Latin writers, and was one of the most popular works during the Middle Ages, being as well known as "The Sentences" of Peter Lombard.
223:. The rabbis comforted their countrymen by teaching that the study of the Law (Oral as well as Written) took the place of the sacrifices. They devoted their energies to arranging the Unwritten Torah, or Law. One of the most successful at this was
1033:(seventh to eighth century), a good Greek and Hebrew scholar, wrote a useful commentary on most of the books of the Old and the New Testament. It is in reality a catena of passages from Greek and Latin Fathers judiciously selected and digested.
501:, 1508) was a statesman and scholar. None of his predecessors came so near the modern ideal of a commentator as he did. He prefixed general introductions to each book, and was the first Jew to make extensive use of Christian commentaries.
2005:, etc.). At the present time, is the only full Russian Orthodox Bible commentary on both canonical and deuterocanonical books of the Scripture. The Lopukhin Bible was republished in 1987 by Biblical Societies of Northern Europe countries.
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The medieval writers were content to draw from the rich treasures left them by their predecessors. Their commentaries consisted, for the most part, of passages from the Church Fathers, which they connected together as in a chain, a
816:
in the communion of the Church, 429. He was a powerful thinker, but an obscure and prolix writer. He felt intense dislike for the mystical sense, and explained the Scriptures in an extremely literal and almost rationalistic manner.
2350:
There were many commentaries published at Cambridge, Oxford, London, etc. (see publishers' catalogues, and notices in "Expositor", "Expository Times", and "Journal of Theological Studies"). Other notable writers include:
622:. Most of the patristic commentaries are in the form of homilies, or discourses to the faithful, and range over the whole of Scripture. There are two schools of interpretation, that of Alexandria and that of Antioch.
147:, the people had lost the knowledge of Hebrew. It is doubtful whether any of them were committed to writing before the Christian Era. They are important as indicating the character of the Hebrew text used.
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The writers of the Antiochene School disliked the allegorical method, and sought almost exclusively the literal, primary, or historical sense of Holy Scripture. The principal writers of this school were
466:(died 1204), the greatest Jewish scholar of the Middle Ages, of whom his coreligionists said that "from Moses to Moses there was none like Moses", wrote his "Guide to the Perplexed", which was read by
1105:
on the entire Bible, and set forth the literal meaning with great ability, especially of the books written in Hebrew. This work was most popular, and in frequent use during the late Middle Ages, and
586:
243:"The Prince" (150–210). He was of noble birth, wealthy, learned, and is called by the Jews "Our Master the Saint" or simply Rabbi par excellence. This compilation, called the Mishna, is written in
714:" on account of his incessant application to study, writing, lecturing, and works of piety. He frequently kept seven amanuenses actively employed; it was said he became the author of 6000 works (
1997:
and successors (1904-1913) is written by professors of Russian theological seminaries and academies. It's based on Russian Synodal Translation, its authors apply to ancient sources of the text (
2595:
2820:
The views of Strauss were severely criticized by the Catholics, Kuhn, Mack, Hug, and Sepp, and by the Protestants Neander, Tholuck, Ullman, Lange, Ewald, Riggenbach, Weiss, and Keim.
2797:). Lessing pretended that the author was unknown. According to the "Fragments", Moses, Christ, and the Apostles were impostors. Lessing was vigorously attacked, especially by Goeze.
846:
in 398. He left homilies on most of the books of the Old and the New Testament. When St. Thomas Aquinas was asked by one of his brethren whether he would not like to be the owner of
1523:, Benedictine, who wrote a valuable dictionary of the Bible, of which there is an English translation, and a highly esteemed commentary on all the books of Scripture (died 1757)
722:, who reduced the number to 2000 (Contra. Rufin., ii, 22), he left more writings than any man could read in a lifetime (Ep. xxxiii, ad Paulam). Besides his great labours on the
135:, according to Abrahams) were the only approach to anything like a commentary on the Bible before the time of Christ. They were interpretative translations or paraphrases from
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2508:
1119:
Besides the major writers already mentioned the following are some of the principal exegetes, many of them Benedictines, from patristic times till the Council of Trent:
1026:
The principal Latin commentators of this period were the Venerable Bede, Walafrid Strabo, Anselm of Laon, Hugh of Saint-Cher, St. Thomas Aquinas, and Nicholas de Lyra.
363:(a word indicating their preference for the written Bible). This schism produced great energy and ability on both sides. The principal Karaite Bible commentators were
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3167:
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267:. The word Talmud means teaching, doctrine. Each Talmud consists of two parts, the Mishna (in Hebrew), in sixty-three tractates, and an explanation of the same (
1065:, composed a short commentary on the whole of the Scriptures, explaining the literal, allegorical, analogical, and moral sense of the text. His work was called
2520:
3073:
831:
and regarded Theodore as their great "Doctor". This made Catholics suspicious of his writings, which were finally condemned after the famous controversy on
195:) of teachers. These pairs were the successors of the early scribes who lived after the Exile. These teachers are said to have handed down and expanded the
519:, translated the Pentateuch into German. His commentaries (in Hebrew) are close, learned, critical, and acute. He had much influence, and was followed by
1319:(born at Gorcum, Holland, 1542), a secular priest, and superior of the college at Douai. These two works are still of the greatest help to the student.
2689:(died 1776), who, while admitting the existence of God, rejected the supernatural, and made attacks on different parts of the Old and the New Testament
2463:. Many of these works, especially the later ones, are valuable for their scientific method, though not of equal value for their views or conclusions.
1890:
318:). These latter, although chronologically later, are important for the corroborative light which they throw on the language of the New Testament. The
2470:
2176:
1091:. He throws much light on the literal sense and is most happy in illustrating difficult points by parallel passages from other parts of the Bible.
2552:
1952:
1829:
77:
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the "International Critical Commentary". The activity of so many acute minds has thrown great light on the language and literature of the Bible.
2167:, Annotations (1700), 2 volumes Folio (Genesis-Isaiah 58 written by Poole; Isaiah 59–Revelations by friends), the basis of subsequent reprints);
359:, a prominent Babylonian Jew in the eighth century, rejected Rabbinism for the written Old Testament and became the founder of the sect known a
34:. Discussed are the salient points of Jewish, patristic, medieval, and modern commentaries on the Bible. The article includes discussion of the
874:
Other writers combined both these systems, some leaning more to the allegorical and some to the literal sense. The principal contributors were
3377:
2742:
251:
The discussions of later generations of rabbis all centred round the text of the Mishna. Interpreters or "speakers" laboured upon it both in
1805:
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475:
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which decreed, in 1311, that chairs of Hebrew, Chaldean, and Arabic should be established at Paris, Oxford, Bologna, and Salamanca.
470:. He was a great admirer of Aristotle, who was to him the representative of natural knowledge as the Bible was of the supernatural.
1726:
Catholics have also published scientific books. There is the great Latin "Cursus" on the whole of the Bible by the Jesuit Fathers,
235:, and lost his life (135). The work of systematization was completed and probably committed to writing by the Jewish patriarch at
3026:
460:
and wrote learned commentaries on the Old Testament. He was the first to maintain that Isaiah contains the work of two prophets.
177:
59:
47:
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and with the proceeds promote the good works of his order, he answered that he would prefer to be the possessor of Chrysostom's
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1962:
3331:
has presented a unified reference tool to access many commentaries from different traditions in their World Wide Study Bible.
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1848:
1621:
1332:
3334:
With all the commentaries now available, several resources review and recommend commentaries, including Tyndale Seminary's
706:, himself a saint and martyr. Origen became the master of many great saints and scholars, one of the most celebrated being
2948:
2778:
2650:
1550:
1083:(thirteenth century) left commentaries on Job, Psalms, Isaiah, Epistles of St. Paul, and was the author of the well-known
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1585:
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952:
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in 1291 and brought to the service of the Church knowledge of Hebrew and rabbinical learning. He wrote short notes or
2456:
1294:, and the pope's theologian at the Council of Trent, was a distinguished Hebrew scholar and voluminous commentator.
131:. The Targums (the most famous of which is that on the Pentateuch erroneously attributed to Onkelos, a misnomer for
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3211:
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were not intended to be taken literally. In fact, he said that they were literally false, but allegorically true.
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893:
707:
516:
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1309:
653:
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Great as was the merit of the work of Maldonato, it was equalled by the commentary on the Epistles by
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2009:
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144:
89:
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1302:, giving an exposition of the Hebrew, Septuagint, and Vulgate texts. It was published as part of
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2317:, together with Schroeder, Fay, Cassel, Bacher, Zoeckler, Moll, etc. (Old and N. Test., 1864–78)
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1298:, one of the first Christians to write a Hebrew grammar, composed a valuable commentary on the
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3389:
Commentary & Reference Survey: A Comprehensive Guide to Biblical and Theological Resources
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271:), ten or twelve times as long. The explanatory portion of the Jerusalem Talmud is written in
204:
200:
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During the nineteenth century the following were a few of the Catholic writers on the Bible:
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3091:
3011:
2845:
2833:
2675:
2298:
2199:
2187:
2055:
1908:
1861:
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1287:
1263:
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1171:
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1094:
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789:
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132:
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unfortunately lost, but it is supposed that their substance is embodied in the writings of
203:, near the sea, 28 miles (45 km) west of Jerusalem. Jamnia became the headquarters of
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1976:
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1940:
1789:
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1479:
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1291:
1257:
1200:
1188:
1036:
828:
807:
490:
380:
360:
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280:
244:
116:
100:
1338:
839:, in Syriac, was published, with a Latin translation, by a Catholic scholar, Dr. Chabot.
568:
408:, called Rashi (born 1040), wrote very popular explanations of the Talmud and the Bible.
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he would have explained his own Epistles in the identical words of St. John Chrysostom.
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and their followers wrote on Holy Scripture during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries.
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1998:
1939:(2018) edited by Joel Enrique Aguilar Chiu, Richard J. Clifford, SJ, Carol J. Dempsey,
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Besides the writers already mentioned, the following wrote in a rationalistic spirit:
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3190:
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847:
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The great representative of this school was Origen (died 254). Origen was the son of
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The Life of Jesus Critically Examined (translated into English by Marian Evans 1860
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Trochon (Introductions and Comm. on Old and New Test., "La Sainte Bible", 27 vols.)
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1055:, so called because the explanation was inserted between the lines of the Vulgate.
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908:
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699:, but heavily influenced by the writings of Alexandrian Jews, especially of Philo.
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528:
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240:
232:
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Many public domain commentaries are now available to view or download through the
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A Guide to Biblical Commentaries & Reference Works: for students and pastors
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863:
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524:
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224:
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The opinions of the English rationalists were disseminated on the Continent by
344:, following the rabbis, interpreted the words in the sense of applying them to
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2013:
2002:
1928:
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544:
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196:
81:
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555:", or expositors. The modern liberal school among the Jews is represented by
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364:
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The Oxford Bible Commentary, edited by John Barton and John Muddiman (2001)
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Hillel and Shammai were the last "pair" of several generations of "pairs" (
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is curating a list of free commentaries from these and other sources. The
583:
Cup of Salvation: A Powerful Journey Through King David's Psalms of Praise
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Many other Jesuits were the authors of valuable exegetical works, e.g.:
306:, or commentaries on the Bible. Some of these were legalistic, like the
111:, at twelve years of age, there may have been present among the doctors
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Popular Commentary of the Bible (Paul E. Kretzmann) (4 Vols. 1921–1924)
2020:
in its Old Testament part and its New Testament part it represents the
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611:
520:
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110], "The Lord said to my Lord", etc. are in one place applied to the
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2951:(and his continuators Huther, Luneman, Dusterdieck, Brückner, etc.),
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and others. In Germany the ground was prepared by the philosophy of
322:
is seen to be steeped in early Jewish phraseology, and the words of
310:
sections of the Talmud, but the most important were of an edifying,
302:
Simultaneously with the Mishna and Talmud there grew up a number of
3160: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2860:, some of whom, however, emancipated themselves from their master.
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3131:
779:
540:
341:
192:
169:
150:
69:
3324:
2278:(Greek Testament, with critical and exegetical commentary, 1856)
2021:
1061:(Hugo de Sancto Caro), thirteenth century), besides his pioneer
3193:
or otherwise free-use Bible commentaries have become available
2558:
A Commentary on the Holy Bible, edited by J. R. Dummelow (1909)
107:, says that it has been suggested that when Christ visited the
687:
Its chief characteristic was the allegorical method. The 1913
2499:
Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching
1961:(2019), edited by Peter S. Williamson and Mary Healey of the
1087:
on the Gospels. This consists of quotations from over eighty
577:(born 1970) is a biblical scholar and commentator. His book,
387:, the greatest Karaite commentator of the tenth century; and
842:
St. John Chrysostom, priest of Antioch, became Patriarch of
3391:. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Kregel Academic & Professional.
2579:
The Interpreter's One-Volume Commentary on the Bible (1971)
1969:
The Jerome Biblical Commentary for the Twenty-First Century
1649:(his commentary on the New Testament styled "excellent" by
1077:), because the explanation followed the words of the text.
248:
the work of Rabbi, and these are called additional Mishna.
2012:
is an English-language translation and annotation of the
862:
said of him that if the Apostle St. Paul could have used
587:
Center for Jewish–Christian Understanding and Cooperation
2596:
Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament
589:(CJCUC) in 2017, is a devotional biblical commentary on
1112:
A great impulse was given to exegetical studies by the
1039:(ninth century), a Benedictine, was credited with the "
823:, became the subject of the Nestorian controversy; the
3283:
3268:
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
3405:
2263:(Parables, Sermon on the Mount, Miracles, N. T. Syn.)
1416:(died 1598), the editor of the Antwerp Polyglot Bible
76:, and for this purpose he made extensive use of the
968:(sixth century), one of the first to write a catena
3076:. Ekzeget.ru - Commentaries on the Holy Scripture.
1225:, who wrote a commentary on the whole of the Bible
1049:, professor at Paris (twelfth century), wrote the
259:(until 500), and the results are comprised in the
3270:by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset, and David Brown
2515:New International Commentary on the New Testament
2509:New International Commentary on the Old Testament
683:, who, in a moderate degree, adopted their system
379:(died 950), Hebrew grammarian and lexicographer;
2455:There are also the Bible dictionaries of Kitto,
371:(ninth century), exegete and Hebrew grammarian;
172:and author of a comprehensive commentary on the
2236:Kuinoel (Philological Comm. on New Test., 1828)
2233:Bloomfield (Greek Test., with Eng. notes, 1832)
3290:Robertson's Word Pictures of the New Testament
3197:. Here is a list of some of the commentaries:
2641:Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury
691:considers it to be founded on passages in the
456:of Toledo (died 1168) had a good knowledge of
143:for the use of the synagogues when, after the
72:tried to reconcile the Jewish Scriptures with
1951:, Thomas D. Stegman, SJ, Ronald D. Witherup,
275:and that of the Babylonian Talmud in Eastern
8:
2521:New International Greek Testament Commentary
227:who took part in the Third Jewish Revolt of
3132:Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible
1796:A New Catholic Commentary on Holy Scripture
1001:, Archbishop in Bulgaria (eleventh century)
153:(1040–1105), more commonly known as Rashi (
27:Literary work which comments on Bible texts
2593:A notable recent specialist commentary is
1168:, a distinguished Greek and Hebrew scholar
3181:External public domain Bible commentaries
2042:The commentaries of the first Reformers,
1891:Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition
941:accounts for his apparent discrepancies.
92:and other Alexandrian Christian writers.
3108:. Orthodox Christian Information Center.
2471:Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
2177:Explanatory Notes Upon the New Testament
850:, so that he could dispose of it to the
3412:
3106:"Book Review: The Orthodox Study Bible"
3038:
2553:Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
2290:(The Greek Testament, with notes, 1877)
1959:Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture
1778:A Catholic Commentary on Holy Scripture
1174:, founder of the Carthusians (eleventh)
509:(died 1577) have also to be mentioned.
115:, once thought to be the author of the
2488:Expositor's Bible Commentary (revised)
1788:, Ralph Russell, foreword by Cardinal
1010:writers of anonymous catenæ edited by
474:of Rome (born 1270); and the Karaites
340:(referenced from Psalm 110:1), though
80:. He taught that many passages of the
2743:George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton
2582:Harper's Bible Commentary, edited by
7:
3176:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3062:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
2693:They were opposed by these writers:
2502:New Century Bible Commentaries, now
1925:Ignatius Catholic Study Bible Series
78:allegorical method of interpretation
3329:Christian Classics Ethereal Library
3262:The Popular Commentary of the Bible
2568:(1919). Revised edition, edited by
1774:, following the Douay-Rheims Bible.
1768:Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary
515:of Berlin (died 1786), a friend of
3166:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "
2542:Tyndale New Testament Commentaries
2536:Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries
2405:Marcus Dods (theologian born 1834)
2284:(1870), Ebrard Hengstenberg (1869)
1975:, Gina Hens-Piazza, Barbara Reid,
1868:The International Bible Commentary
1237:(fifteenth to sixteenth centuries)
1231:(fifteenth to sixteenth centuries)
619:
25:
3052:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
2995:International Critical Commentary
2781:and the writings of his disciple
2494:International Critical Commentary
1917:(2015), edited by Daniel Durken,
1915:New Collegeville Bible Commentary
1804:(1989) edited by Dianne Bergant,
1290:, one of the first companions of
1097:(thirteenth century), joined the
1022:Latin Catenists, Scholiasts, etc.
88:Jews, and had great influence on
3451:
3439:
3427:
3415:
3155:
3045:
3027:Jewish commentaries on the Bible
718:, Hær., lxiv, 63); according to
60:Jewish commentaries on the Bible
48:Jewish commentaries on the Bible
3086:The Comprehensive New Testament
3074:"Толковая Библия А.П. Лопухина"
2984:Modern non aligned commentaries
2562:Peake's Commentary on the Bible
2527:Pillar New Testament Commentary
2183:During the nineteenth century:
1963:Pontifical Gregorian University
1937:The Paulist Biblical Commentary
1798:(1969) Thomas Nelson Publishers
593:113-118 otherwise known as the
3309:EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries
2823:The German Protestant scholar
1849:New Jerome Biblical Commentary
1754:(Les Douze Petits Prophètes).
1622:Daniel Bonifacius von Haneberg
211:. Then schools were opened at
1:
2795:The Fragments of Wolfenbüttel
2785:. The posthumous writings of
2615:The English deists included:
2384:Expositions of Holy Scripture
1802:Collegeville Bible Commentary
1409:The Jesuits were rivalled by
792:, and his three great pupils
585:, which was published by the
279:, which is closely allied to
119:, and the venerable teachers
32:commentaries and commentators
3120:New Century Bible Commentary
2482:Expositor's Bible Commentary
1988:Modern Orthodox commentaries
1864:(primarily Catholic authors)
1844:(primarily Catholic authors)
1586:John Martin Augustine Scholz
1277:Modern Catholic commentaries
1215:of Avila (fifteenth century)
983:Olympiodorus (tenth century)
205:Jewish learning until AD 135
3054:"Commentaries on the Bible"
2477:Concordia Commentary series
2466:Prominent series include:
1893:text by the faculty of the
1792:, Archbishop of Westminster
835:. Theodore's commentary on
3505:
3340:New Testament Reading Room
3336:Old Testament Reading Room
3208:Notes on the New Testament
3122:, accessed 8 February 2021
2611:Rationalistic commentaries
2294:Johann Friedrich Karl Keil
1889:(2004), commentary to the
1821:Jerome Biblical Commentary
827:translated his books into
739:
57:
3168:Commentaries on the Bible
3118:Best Bible Commentaries,
2548:One-volume Commentaries:
1993:The Explanatory Bible of
1365:"the Apostle of Portugal"
1327:Francis Ribera of Castile
1229:Jacobus Faber Stapulensis
1209:(fourteenth to fifteenth)
993:Nicetas of Constantinople
630:The chief writers of the
3304:Bible Commentary Forever
2620:Lord Herbert of Cherbury
1223:Dionysius the Carthusian
1130:Saint Isidore of Seville
894:St. Gregory of Nazianzus
708:St. Gregory Thaumaturgus
127:, the handers-on of the
3280:Commentary on Galatians
3235:Exposition of the Bible
2971:, and his collaborators
2793:between 1774 and 1778 (
2440:Charles Augustus Briggs
2339:Joseph Barber Lightfoot
2301:(Epistles of St. Paul,)
2267:The Speakers Commentary
2261:Richard Chenevix Trench
2033:Protestant commentaries
2016:with references to the
1784:, Edmund F. Sutcliffe,
1715:(works of Introduction)
1565:, Oratorian (died 1721)
1553:, Oratorian (died 1783)
1541:, Oratorian (died 1715)
1529:, Oratorian (died 1717)
1517:, Oratorian (died 1712)
1505:, Carmelite (died 1687)
1493:, Oratorian (died 1659)
1377:of Lorraine (died 1609)
860:St. Isidore of Pelusium
710:; he was known as the "
654:Dionysius of Alexandria
3143:David Strauss (1835).
3104:Archimandrite Ephrem.
2473:(56 vols., 1878-1918).
2420:William T. Kirkpatrick
2341:(Epistles of St. Paul)
2329:(Epistles of St. Paul)
2288:Christopher Wordsworth
2224:(1823, Hebrew scholar)
2218:, 5 vols., (1811-1818)
2212:, 8 vols., (1810-1826)
1637:Francis Xavier Patrizi
1627:Guillaume-René Meignan
1569:Dominikus von Brentano
1547:, O. S. B. (died 1729)
1535:, Capuchin (died 1709)
1470:, O. S. F. (died 1620)
1335:of Cordova (born 1532)
1183:Andrew of Saint Victor
904:St. Hilary of Poitiers
796:Theodore of Mopsuestia
704:Leonides of Alexandria
676:To these may be added
601:Patristic commentaries
482:(fourteenth century).
30:This is an outline of
3474:Biblical commentaries
3244:Synopsis of the Bible
3185:With the rise of the
3173:Catholic Encyclopedia
3059:Catholic Encyclopedia
3007:Biblical hermeneutics
2928:J. C. K. von Hoffmann
2386:(32 vols., 1904-1910)
2271:Frederic Charles Cook
1979:, and Donald Senior,
1895:University of Navarra
1808:., Robert J. Karris,
1758:respective articles.
1740:Marie-Joseph Lagrange
1632:Franz Xaver Reithmayr
999:Blessed Theophylactus
945:Medieval commentaries
926:St. Gregory the Great
757:Eusebius of Nicomedia
689:Catholic Encyclopedia
644:Clement of Alexandria
3387:Glynn, John (2003).
3364:Evans, John (2010).
3352:Lingonier Ministries
3325:FreeCommentaries.com
3317:Google Books Project
3264:by Paul E. Kretzmann
3202:The Grace Commentary
2974:Schmiedel, von Soden
2949:Heinrich A. W. Meyer
2898:Gesenius (died 1842)
2345:Brooke Foss Westcott
2010:Orthodox Study Bible
1905:Daniel J. Harrington
1879:Twenty-first century
1854:Raymond Edward Brown
1826:Raymond Edward Brown
1662:Louis Claude Fillion
1617:Jean-Baptiste Glaire
1606:Joseph Franz Allioli
1270:Gregory Bar Hebraeus
1203:(thirteenth century)
1197:(thirteenth century)
1109:was indebted to it.
1063:Biblical concordance
1052:Glossa Interlinearis
899:St. Gregory of Nyssa
697:Epistles of St. Paul
649:Origen of Alexandria
575:Rabbi Pesach Wolicki
561:Samuel David Luzzato
373:Solomon ben Yerucham
352:Karaite commentators
90:Origen of Alexandria
18:Biblical commentator
3484:Bible-related lists
3253:Complete Commentary
3147:. Calvin Blanchard.
2868:Ernesti (died 1781)
2852:, Volkmar, Tobler,
2566:Arthur Samuel Peake
2395:Henry Barclay Swete
1770:, 1859 edition. by
1752:Albin van Hoonacker
1601:Arthur-Marie Le Hir
1591:Johann Leonhard Hug
1476:, O. P. (died 1628)
1434:, O. P. (died 1560)
1422:, O. P. (died 1569)
1398:Pereira of Valencia
1351:Mariana of Talavera
1252:Syriac commentators
1247:(sixteenth century)
1178:Gilbert of Poitiers
1160:Remigius of Auxerre
1005:Euthymius Zigabenus
972:St. Maximus, Martyr
879:Isidore of Pelusium
870:Intermediate School
800:Theodore's brother
729:St. John Chrysostom
665:Cyril of Alexandria
291:Jewish Encyclopedia
219:to the west of the
209:Third Jewish Revolt
113:Jonathan ben Uzziel
54:Jewish commentaries
3479:Bible commentators
3092:Codices Sinaiticus
2931:Hitzig (died 1875)
2789:were published by
2646:Bernard Mandeville
2599:(2007), edited by
2381:Alexander Maclaren
2361:Andrew B. Davidson
2356:Frederic W. Farrar
2315:Johann Peter Lange
2249:Michael Baumgarten
2222:Benjamin Boothroyd
1995:Aleksandr Lopukhin
1945:Eileen M. Schuller
1927:(2017), edited by
1903:(2008), edited by
1858:Joseph A. Fitzmyer
1834:Joseph A. Fitzmyer
1786:Reginald C. Fuller
1772:George Leo Haydock
1738:. The writings of
1732:Joseph Knabenbauer
1576:Nineteenth century
1559:, Recollect (1770)
1527:Louis de Carrières
1450:Génébrard of Cluny
1393:Menochius of Pavia
1387:Tirinus of Antwerp
1381:Lorinus of Avignon
1357:Alcazar of Seville
1345:Bonfrère of Dinant
1304:Cornelius a Lapide
1213:Alphonsus Tostatus
1195:Alexander of Hales
1059:Hugh of Saint-Cher
1012:John Antony Cramer
995:(eleventh century)
978:St. John Damascene
833:The Three Chapters
772:Theognis of Nicaea
762:Maris of Chalcedon
632:Alexandrian School
626:Alexandrian School
607:Christian exegesis
442:commentary on the
412:Tobiah ben Eliezer
377:Sahal ben Mazliach
369:Abu al-Faraj Harun
273:NeoWestern Aramaic
187:Mishna and Talmuds
178:commentary on the
3489:Biblical exegesis
3379:978-0-9828715-6-0
3348:Best Commentaries
3295:Explanatory Notes
3204:by Dr. Paul Ellis
2990:Anchor Yale Bible
2955:Julius Wellhausen
2445:Ezra Palmer Gould
2371:Alfred A. Plummer
2366:Andrew R. Fausset
2255:Friedrich Tholuck
2245:Haevernick (1845)
2240:Hermann Olshausen
2163:English writers:
2024:, which uses the
1971:(2022) edited by
1931:and Curtis Mitch.
1886:The Navarre Bible
1872:William R. Farmer
1870:(1998) edited by
1852:(1990) edited by
1824:(1968) edited by
1762:Twentieth century
1713:Fulcran Vigouroux
1708:Anthony John Maas
1651:Fulcran Vigouroux
1428:(Ferus), O. S. F.
1404:Pineda of Seville
1375:Nicholas Serarius
1369:Sánchez of Alcalá
1219:Ludolph of Saxony
1191:(twelfth century)
1185:(twelfth century)
1166:Bruno of Würzburg
1138:(seventh century)
1132:(seventh century)
1114:Council of Vienne
1007:(twelfth century)
974:(seventh century)
966:Procopius of Gaza
837:St. John's Gospel
742:School of Antioch
736:Antiochene School
618:in the 170s
549:Ludwig Philippson
513:Moses Mendelssohn
458:Semitic languages
406:Solomon ben Isaac
375:(tenth century);
367:(ninth century);
335:Gospel of Matthew
333:, as they are in
16:(Redirected from
3496:
3456:
3455:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3432:
3431:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3411:
3402:
3383:
3370:Doulos Resources
3321:Internet Archive
3311:by MissionAssist
3276:by William Kelly
3177:
3159:
3158:
3149:
3148:
3140:
3134:
3129:
3123:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3084:
3078:
3077:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3012:Biblical studies
2874:the Rosenmüllers
2676:Lord Bolingbroke
2323:(St. Paul, 1878)
2299:Charles Ellicott
2188:Joseph Priestley
2136:, Geier, Calov (
1874:Liturgical Press
1862:Roland E. Murphy
1842:Roland E. Murphy
1812:Liturgical Press
1736:Franz Hummelauer
1497:Isaac Le Maistre
1333:Cardinal Toletus
1288:Alfonso Salmeron
1264:Jacob Bar-Salibi
1245:Cardinal Cajetan
1144:(eighth century)
1136:Julian of Toledo
1095:Nicholas de Lyra
1041:Glossa Ordinaria
980:(eighth century)
790:Bishop of Tarsus
621:
581:, also known as
579:Cup of Salvation
551:, etc., called "
507:Azarias de Rossi
505:(died 1549) and
476:Aaron ben Joseph
464:Moses Maimonides
454:Abraham Ibn Ezra
422:in 11th century
400:Saadiah of Fayûm
151:Shlomo Yitzchaki
74:Greek philosophy
21:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3450:
3440:
3438:
3426:
3416:
3414:
3406:
3399:
3386:
3380:
3368:. Oakland, TN:
3363:
3360:
3358:Further reading
3183:
3165:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3130:
3126:
3117:
3113:
3103:
3085:
3081:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3051:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3035:
3003:
2986:
2977:
2871:Berthold (1822)
2805:Heinrich Paulus
2771:
2730:Thomas Sherlock
2656:Thomas Woolston
2651:Anthony Collins
2613:
2376:Robert Plumptre
2305:W. J. Conybeare
2282:Franz Delitzsch
2230:(1822, popular)
2040:
2035:
2026:Textus Receptus
1990:
1973:John J. Collins
1881:
1790:Bernard Griffin
1782:Bernard Orchard
1780:1953 edited by
1764:
1748:Theodore Calmes
1744:Albert Condamin
1724:
1703:Constant Fouard
1685:Francis Kenrick
1578:
1563:Jacques Le Long
1480:Jansen of Ypres
1444:Jansen of Ghent
1420:Sixtus of Siena
1292:Ignatius Loyola
1279:
1258:Ishodad of Merv
1254:
1201:Albertus Magnus
1189:Rupert of Deutz
1162:(ninth century)
1156:(ninth century)
1150:(ninth century)
1126:(sixth century)
1037:Walafrid Strabo
1024:
989:(tenth century)
962:
960:Greek Catenists
947:
872:
808:John Chrysostom
744:
738:
628:
605:The history of
603:
491:Isaac Abarbanel
488:
480:Aaron ben Elias
436:Pesiḳta Zuṭarta
397:
381:Joseph al-Bazir
354:
316:Midrash Aggadah
300:
263:and Babylonian
245:Mishnaic Hebrew
241:Jehudah ha-Nasi
189:
167:medieval French
165:tzhaki), was a
117:Yonathan Targum
101:Frederic Farrar
98:
67:
62:
56:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3502:
3500:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3460:
3448:
3436:
3424:
3404:
3403:
3397:
3384:
3378:
3359:
3356:
3313:
3312:
3306:
3301:
3292:
3287:
3277:
3271:
3265:
3259:
3250:
3241:
3232:
3223:
3214:
3205:
3182:
3179:
3151:
3150:
3135:
3124:
3111:
3079:
3065:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2985:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2952:
2946:
2943:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2877:Crusius (1843)
2875:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2732:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2684:
2679:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2661:Matthew Tindal
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2631:Charles Blount
2628:
2623:
2612:
2609:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2580:
2577:
2559:
2556:
2546:
2545:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2474:
2453:
2452:
2450:Cyrus Scofield
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2430:A. T. Robinson
2427:
2425:William Sanday
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2336:
2335:Gloag; Perowne
2333:
2330:
2327:H. C. G. Moule
2324:
2318:
2312:
2302:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2264:
2258:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2207:
2197:
2191:
2181:
2180:
2161:
2148:
2140:), S. Schmid,
2123:
2109:Samuel Bochart
2086:
2069:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2018:Masoretic Text
2006:
1999:Masoretic Text
1989:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1966:
1956:
1934:
1932:
1922:
1912:
1898:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1865:
1845:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1799:
1793:
1775:
1763:
1760:
1750:(Saint Jean),
1723:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1647:August Bisping
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1582:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1485:Simeon de Muis
1482:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1462:Luke of Bruges
1459:
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2216:Joseph Benson
2214:
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2200:George D'Oyly
2198:
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2194:George Burder
2192:
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1665:
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1107:Martin Luther
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939:Richard Simon
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496:
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485:
483:
481:
477:
471:
469:
465:
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459:
455:
451:
449:
446:and the Five
445:
441:
437:
433:
430:), wrote the
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
407:
403:
401:
394:
392:
391:(died 1160).
390:
389:Judah Hadassi
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
351:
349:
347:
343:
339:
336:
332:
328:
325:
324:Psalm 109 LXX
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
297:
295:
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292:
286:
282:
278:
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270:
266:
262:
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207:, due to the
206:
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95:
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83:
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71:
64:
61:
53:
51:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3434:Christianity
3388:
3365:
3333:
3314:
3226:Commentaries
3217:Commentaries
3184:
3171:
3154:
3144:
3138:
3127:
3114:
3100:Alexandrinus
3087:
3082:
3068:
3057:
3041:
3022:Hermeneutics
2978:
2969:H. Holtzmann
2941:Ernest Renan
2862:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2803:
2794:
2772:
2738:Gilbert West
2699:Isaac Newton
2692:
2671:Thomas Chubb
2614:
2605:D. A. Carson
2594:
2592:
2574:H. H. Rowley
2564:, edited by
2547:
2504:out of print
2465:
2454:
2415:S. R. Driver
2410:Dean Stanley
2383:
2349:
2321:Thomas Lewin
2309:J. S. Howson
2276:Henry Alford
2269:, edited by
2266:
2228:Thomas Scott
2204:Richard Mant
2182:
2080:van Limborch
2041:
1968:
1958:
1936:
1924:
1914:
1901:Sacra Pagina
1900:
1884:
1867:
1847:
1819:
1801:
1795:
1777:
1767:
1756:
1728:Karl Cornely
1725:
1680:Louis Bacuez
1675:Peter Schegg
1579:
1539:Bernard Lamy
1432:Dominic Soto
1408:
1339:Manuel de Sá
1321:
1314:
1308:
1284:
1280:
1118:
1111:
1102:
1093:
1085:Catena Aurea
1084:
1079:
1075:verba textus
1074:
1070:
1066:
1057:
1050:
1045:
1035:
1028:
1025:
1016:Cardinal Mai
951:
948:
935:
909:Ambrosiaster
873:
864:Attic speech
855:
841:
818:
814:
802:Polychronius
788:of Antioch,
745:
701:
686:
675:
629:
604:
582:
578:
573:
569:Julius Fürst
565:Leopold Zunz
557:Salomon Munk
511:
503:Elias Levita
489:
478:(1294), and
472:
462:
452:
435:
431:
418:scholar and
410:
404:
398:
383:(died 930);
355:
327:Hebrew Bible
301:
288:
250:
231:against the
190:
179:
162:
158:
154:
149:
104:
99:
86:
68:
29:
3299:John Wesley
3286:, by Luther
3230:Adam Clarke
3221:John Calvin
2682:Peter Annet
2678:(died 1751)
2636:John Toland
2622:(died 1648)
2601:G. K. Beale
2400:F. F. Bruce
2210:Adam Clarke
2173:John Wesley
2159:Schlichting
2146:Melanchthon
2138:Calov Bible
2048:Melanchthon
1698:Paul Schanz
1596:Johann Jahn
1571:(died 1797)
1511:(died 1704)
1487:(died 1644)
1464:(died 1619)
1458:(died 1608)
1452:(died 1597)
1446:(died 1576)
1440:(died 1573)
1426:Johann Wild
1400:(died 1610)
1389:(born 1580)
1383:(born 1559)
1371:(died 1628)
1359:(born 1554)
1353:(born 1537)
1347:(born 1573)
1341:(died 1596)
1329:(born 1514)
1124:Cassiodorus
1099:Franciscans
819:His pupil,
681:St. Ambrose
670:St. Pierius
537:Friedlander
395:Middle Ages
314:character (
225:Rabbi Akiba
3468:Categories
3274:Commentary
3248:John Darby
3033:References
2850:Hilgenfeld
2825:F. C. Baur
2716:John Locke
2687:David Hume
2311:(St. Paul)
2089:Calvinists
2038:In general
2014:Septuagint
2003:Septuagint
1929:Scott Hahn
1860:, SJ, and
1491:Jean Morin
1296:Bellarmine
825:Nestorians
752:St. Lucian
720:St. Jerome
716:Epiphanius
712:Adamantine
567:, Geiger,
545:Herxheimer
468:St. Thomas
444:Pentateuch
229:Bar Kochba
82:Pentateuch
3239:John Gill
3096:Vaticanus
2965:Beyschlag
2892:Fritzsche
2834:Schwegler
2753:Warburton
2747:Waterland
2726:S. Clarke
2151:Socinians
2144:, Lange,
2142:Michaelis
2126:Lutherans
2121:John Gill
2072:Arminians
2067:Lightfoot
2063:Anglicans
1746:(Isaïe),
1613:van Essen
1551:Houbigant
1499:(de Sacy)
1363:Barradius
1260:(fl. 850)
1172:St. Bruno
1071:post illa
987:Ecumenius
921:Augustine
889:St. Basil
884:Theodoret
821:Nestorius
661:the Blind
616:Heracleon
440:midrashic
432:Leḳaḥ Ṭov
416:Romaniote
365:Nahavendi
312:homiletic
304:Midrashim
298:Midrashim
261:Jerusalem
257:Babylonia
253:Jerusalem
213:Sepphoris
103:, in his
3458:Religion
3344:Challies
3319:and the
3187:Internet
3017:Exegesis
3001:See also
2962:Jülicher
2959:Wieseler
2937:B. Weiss
2913:Kleinert
2901:Longerke
2880:Bertheau
2809:de Wette
2799:Eichhorn
2787:Reimarus
2775:Voltaire
2734:Chandler
2703:Cudworth
2461:Hastings
2117:Vitringa
2113:Cocceius
2084:le Clerc
1721:McIntyre
1474:Malvenda
1468:Calasius
1235:Gagnaeus
1154:Druthmar
1103:Postillæ
1069:, i. e.
1067:Postillæ
931:Pelagius
786:Diodorus
776:Asterius
767:Eudoxius
695:and the
639:Pantænus
553:Biurists
525:Jarosław
448:Megillot
424:Kastoria
361:Karaites
308:halakhic
239:, Rabbi
237:Tiberias
217:Tiberias
197:Oral Law
3446:Judaism
3408:Portals
3189:, many
3164::
2919:Nicolas
2910:Umbreit
2889:Thenius
2883:Hupfeld
2791:Lessing
2762:Lardner
2723:Whiston
2709:Bentley
2523:(NIGTC)
2517:(NICNT)
2511:(NICOT)
2134:Gerhard
2101:de Dieu
2097:Drusius
2076:Grotius
2056:Zwingli
1694:Arnauld
1533:Piconio
1509:Bossuet
1241:Erasmus
724:Hexapla
693:Gospels
659:Didymus
612:Gnostic
571:, etc.
529:Homberg
521:Wessely
517:Lessing
346:Abraham
331:Messiah
285:Mandaic
277:Aramaic
265:Talmuds
141:Aramaic
125:Shammai
96:Targums
44:Talmuds
36:Targums
3395:
3376:
3350:, and
3195:online
3102:. and
3098:, and
3050:
2925:Kuenen
2922:Hirzel
2916:Knobel
2858:Hosten
2846:Ritsch
2842:Köslin
2838:Planck
2830:Zeller
2783:Semler
2768:Butler
2756:Leland
2750:Foster
2712:Lesley
2586:(1988)
2576:(1962)
2555:(1871)
2544:(TNTC)
2538:(TOTC)
2529:(PNTC)
2490:(REBC)
2459:, and
2257:(1843)
2251:(1859)
2242:(1839)
2206:(1820)
2196:(1809)
2190:(1803)
2130:Luther
2105:Cappel
2093:Calvin
2052:Calvin
2044:Luther
1856:, SS,
1840:, and
1810:O.F.M.
1734:, and
1521:Calmet
1317:Estius
1300:Psalms
1221:; and
1142:Alcuin
953:catena
915:Jerome
829:Syriac
634:were:
614:named
595:Hallel
591:Psalms
533:Euchel
499:Venice
495:Lisbon
493:(born
486:Modern
428:Greece
420:paytan
281:Syriac
269:Gemara
233:Romans
201:Jamnia
180:Tanakh
174:Talmud
137:Hebrew
133:Aquila
129:Mishna
121:Hillel
109:Temple
42:, and
40:Mishna
3422:Bible
3282:, at
2904:Bleek
2895:Justi
2886:Ewald
2779:Wolff
2720:Ibbot
2706:Boyle
2496:(ICC)
2484:(EBC)
2457:Smith
2155:Crell
1806:C.S.A
1610:Mayer
848:Paris
780:Arius
541:Hertz
342:Rashi
338:22:44
193:Zugot
170:rabbi
161:lomo
145:Exile
139:into
70:Philo
65:Philo
3393:ISBN
3374:ISBN
3338:and
3284:CCEL
2945:Tuch
2854:Keim
2765:Watt
2603:and
2572:and
2332:Beet
2307:and
2202:and
2022:NKJV
2008:The
1718:Ward
1243:and
1029:The
1014:and
919:St.
913:St.
806:St.
438:, a
414:, a
289:The
255:and
215:and
176:and
157:bbi
123:and
3297:by
3255:by
3246:by
3237:by
3228:by
3219:by
3210:by
3170:".
2759:Law
1953:PSS
1949:OSU
1919:OSB
434:or
283:or
3470::
3372:.
3354:.
3346:,
3342:,
3323:.
3094:,
3056:.
2856:,
2848:,
2844:,
2840:,
2836:,
2832:,
2607:.
2175:,
2157:,
2153::
2132:,
2128::
2119:,
2115:,
2111:,
2107:,
2103:,
2099:,
2095:,
2091::
2082:,
2078:,
2074::
2065::
2054:,
2050:,
2046:,
2001:,
1981:CP
1977:OP
1947:,
1943:,
1941:OP
1909:SJ
1907:,
1838:SJ
1836:,
1832:,
1830:SS
1828:,
1730:,
956:.
858:.
620:CE
597:.
563:,
559:,
547:,
543:,
539:,
535:,
531:,
527:,
523:,
450:.
348:.
294:.
183:.
159:SH
155:RA
50:.
38:,
3410::
3401:.
3382:.
1983:.
1965:.
1955:.
1921:.
1911:.
1897:.
1653:)
1073:(
672:.
426:(
163:I
20:)
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