382:
1226:
40:
2270:
2238:
2206:
2174:
2142:
2110:
2078:
2046:
2014:
1982:
1950:
1918:
1886:
1854:
1822:
1790:
1758:
1726:
1694:
1662:
1630:
1598:
1566:
1534:
1502:
1470:
1438:
1406:
1374:
1342:
1310:
1278:
1016:: The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of microgravity on 1) metabolic enzymes of type I, IIA, and IIB muscle fibers; and on 2) metabolic enzymes, neurotransmitter amino acids, and neurotransmitter associated enzymes in selected regions of the central nervous system. Participated in the experiment the
1150:: The objective of this experiment was to study primate electromyographic activity (EMG) and to determine its importance to the maintenance of normal muscle properties. The biochemical and morphological effects of microgravity on muscles was also studied. Participated in the experiment
550:: The objective of this experiment was to characterize the structural and material properties of cortical and trabecular bone samples, tendons and intervertebral disks; and to correlate the biomechanical properties of these tissues to the type and quality of structural
951:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of spaceflight on neurotransmitter receptors of the brain and spinal cord, and on the morphology and histochemistry of nerve-muscle junctions. Specifically, it studied the muscarinic and gaba (
648:: The objective of this experiment was to measure the growth plate of the tibia as an index of its longitudinal growth, and to study the ultrastructure and chemical composition of the growth plate. The institutions participating in this experiment were
969:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of microgravity on selected pineal gland neurotransmitters associated with rodent circadian rhythm control and correlate this with testis function. Participated in the experiment the
1136:: The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of microgravity on a primates vestibular system by measuring brain and eye movement responses to rotational stimuli preflight and postflight. Participated in the experiment
759:: The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of microgravity and contractile protein expression in antigravity and non-antigravity rodent skeletal muscle. The institutions participating in this experiment were
1114:: The objective of this experiment was to study primate eye movement responses in an upright position and at various angles of tilt, before and after spaceflight. The institutions participating in this experiment were
1196:
The objective of this experiment was to conduct a set of radiation measurements with passive detectors in order to study high and low energy neutrons, various flux and energy spectra, and the attenuation of
777:: The objective of this experiment was to measure certain messenger RNA levels in various skeletal muscles and intestinal smooth muscle as an index of protein synthesis. Participated in the experiment the
799:: The objective of this experiment was to measure the cardiac hormone, which plays a role in water and salt balance, in cardiac tissue of rats exposed to spaceflight. Participated in the experiment the
1092:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of microgravity on the repair of skin connective tissue and skeletal muscle. The institutions participating in this experiment were the
3395:
2508:
493:. The 2.3 m diameter descent sphere was successfully recovered after 14 days, but a failure in the thermal control system resulted in the deaths of some of the specimens.
3420:
3425:
512:: Determine the biochemical nature of the mineralization defects in the femurs of young rats after spaceflight. The institutions participating in this experiment were
1168:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the functioning of a primate's circadian rhythm and thermoregulatory systems. Participated in the experiment the
907:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of microgravity on rodent testis physiology. The institutions participating in this experiment were
737:
on the structure of nerve and skeletal muscles; and to study the biochemistry of muscle protein breakdown. The institutions participating in this experiment were
1030:: The objective of this experiment was to study growth hormone physiology in rodents during spaceflight. The institutions participating in this experiment were
885:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of microgravity on the red blood cell production of rodents. Participated in the experiment the
2305:"COSMOS 2044 MISSION", entire issue of which was dedicated to reports of joint U.S./U.S.S.R. research in space biomedicine on this specific 14-day spaceflight
3405:
3400:
1052:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of spaceflight on various immunological parameters using rat spleen, bone marrow cells and
3415:
3410:
2339:
2289:
1017:
635:
2501:
1151:
671:
933:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the structural changes and cell turnover in the small intestines of rats as a result of
3380:
1182:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the metabolic rates of primates during spaceflight. Participated in the experiment the
525:
1105:
683:
1079:
1137:
826:
778:
649:
381:
3390:
2494:
3353:
are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
822:
760:
1183:
1169:
696:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the morphological and biochemical responses of various types of muscles to
563:
1198:
413:
2332:
2308:
1061:
1043:
1031:
920:
3385:
1202:
890:
742:
517:
223:
152:
3348:
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
1210:
1206:
1187:
1173:
1155:
1141:
1127:
1097:
1083:
1069:
1035:
1021:
1000:
970:
960:
942:
908:
898:
872:
842:
800:
782:
764:
746:
709:
687:
653:
639:
610:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the abundance and distribution of mineral components and protein (
601:
567:
537:
213:
79:
421:
1078:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of microgravity on rat lung tissue. Participated the
955:) receptors in the sensory-motor cortex and spinal cord. The institutions participating in this experiment were the
859:
and plasma constituents, on the ability of the liver to metabolize food stuffs and foreign substances, and on liver
464:, and readaptation to a normal gravity environment. A number of different biological specimens were used, including
3375:
3259:
2299:
1295:
1123:
529:
186:
978:
974:
938:
912:
738:
521:
722:
investigation of microgravity induced nerve and muscle breakdown. Its main objective was to study, by light and
3370:
2325:
1101:
1065:
924:
868:
701:
559:
97:
87:
1159:
2255:
2223:
2191:
2159:
2127:
2095:
2063:
2031:
1999:
1967:
1935:
1903:
1871:
1839:
1807:
1775:
1743:
1711:
1679:
1647:
1615:
1583:
1551:
1519:
1487:
1455:
1423:
1391:
1359:
1327:
886:
3054:
987:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of microgravity on two pituitary hormones (
597:
457:
1263:
2825:
818:
675:
433:
264:
69:
3322:
2897:
2793:
3291:
3222:
3190:
3171:
3126:
2985:
2970:
2960:
2944:
2907:
2851:
2652:
2571:
1093:
1057:
1039:
996:
956:
830:
804:
750:
679:
585:
513:
246:
3181:
3059:
2672:
3233:
2913:
2662:
2533:
2522:
2518:
1239:
1008:
916:
852:
794:
730:
593:
333:
209:
2939:
3337:
3332:
3296:
3281:
3254:
3211:
3206:
3176:
3161:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3084:
3069:
3029:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2980:
2965:
2934:
2924:
2902:
2888:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2846:
2841:
2831:
2803:
2798:
2788:
2783:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2724:
2714:
2688:
2667:
2657:
2642:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2586:
2576:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2548:
1231:
813:: The objective of this experiment was to determine microgravity effects on rodent heart tissue (
670:, with emphasis on the metabolic changes. The institutions participating in this experiment were
589:
555:
3109:
2697:
3185:
3050:
2367:
834:
814:
3286:
3270:
3166:
3121:
3104:
3100:
3044:
3040:
2993:
2989:
2929:
2859:
2855:
2836:
2762:
2581:
2348:
1244:
1115:
864:
485:
437:
409:
397:
358:
296:
142:
449:
306:
2486:
1201:
as a function of shielding. The institutions participating in this experiment were the
952:
894:
480:
476:
425:
343:
3364:
2274:
2242:
2210:
2178:
2146:
2114:
2082:
2050:
2018:
1986:
1954:
1922:
1890:
1858:
1826:
1794:
1762:
1730:
1698:
1666:
1634:
1602:
1570:
1538:
1506:
1474:
1442:
1410:
1378:
1346:
1314:
1282:
1119:
505:
mission was composed of 80 scientific experiments, but only 30 experiments returned:
268:
3327:
3238:
3074:
697:
663:
472:
453:
429:
417:
273:
2304:
3276:
2893:
2719:
2637:
2602:
2466:
2461:
2439:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2409:
1053:
992:
934:
719:
666:
related muscular atrophy effects in various types of muscle and in spinal motor
631:
611:
370:
365:
3115:
2975:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2362:
1221:
726:
718:: This experiment was a morphological, histochemical, immunocytochemical, and
577:
548:
Biomechanical and
Morphological Alteration of Intramuscular Connective Tissues
461:
39:
860:
619:
615:
3079:
2317:
2294:
1134:
Studies of
Vestibular Primary Afferents In Normal, Hyper- and Hypogravity
988:
723:
705:
580:, bone matrix and mineral characteristics, bone cell kinetics, and bone
2693:
2445:
1012:
734:
660:
Metabolic and
Morphologic Properties of Muscle Fibers and Motor Neurons
627:
551:
490:
196:
967:
Pineal
Physiology in Microgravity and Its Relation to Gonadal Function
17:
3317:
3312:
3265:
3228:
3217:
3064:
3035:
2919:
2820:
2778:
2708:
2703:
2647:
667:
541:
533:
465:
2300:
U.S. Experiments Flown on the Soviet
Biosatellite Cosmos 2044, NASA
2295:
U.S. Experiments Flown on the Soviet
Biosatellite Cosmos 2044, NASA
1028:
Growth
Hormone Regulation, Synthesis and Secretion in Microgravity
856:
851:: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of
838:
790:
614:) within a vertebra; and to determine absorption and excretion of
581:
380:
323:
313:
2273:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2241:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2209:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2177:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2145:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2113:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2081:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2049:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2017:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1985:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1953:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1921:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1889:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1857:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1825:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1793:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1761:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1729:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1697:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1665:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1633:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1601:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1569:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1537:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1505:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1473:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1441:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1409:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1377:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1345:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1313:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1281:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
995:) involved in water balance. Participated in the experiment the
931:
Structural
Changes and Cell Turnover in the Rats Small Intestine
716:
Investigation of
Microgrovity Induced Nerve and Muscle Breakdown
623:
510:
Bone
Biochemistry and Mineral Distribution in the Femurs of Rats
2490:
2321:
584:
supply. The institutions participating in this experiment were
772:
412:
mission involving in nine countries plus ESA: United Kingdom,
700:. The institutions participating in this experiment were the
1050:
Effect of Space Flight on Level and Function of Immune Cells
608:
Mineral Distribution and Balance in Rats during Space Flight
27:
Soviet spacecraft aimed at biological experiments in space
863:. The institutions participating in this experiment were
811:
Morphological and Biochemical Examination of Heart Tissue
634:. The institutions participating in this experiment were
554:. The institutions participating in this experiment were
646:
Morphometric and EM Analyses of Tibial Epiphyseal Plates
448:
Eighty experiments were conducted in such categories as
1194:
Radiation Dosimetry and Spectrometry - Passive Systems
483:. The biological payload also included cell cultures (
3305:
3247:
3199:
3093:
3022:
2953:
2881:
2812:
2771:
2681:
2595:
2541:
2454:
2378:
2355:
1112:
Adaptation of Optokinetic Nystagmus to Microgravity
757:
Myosin Isoform Expression in Rodent Skeletal Muscle
342:
332:
322:
312:
302:
292:
287:
260:
252:
242:
237:
219:
205:
192:
179:
174:
158:
148:
138:
130:
125:
109:
96:
86:
75:
65:
49:
1148:Functional Neuromuscular Adaption to Spaceflight
662:: The objective of this experiment was to study
576:: The objective of this experiment was to study
2502:
2333:
1211:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1188:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1174:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1156:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1142:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1128:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1098:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1084:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1070:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1036:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1022:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
1001:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
971:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
961:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
949:Effects of Muscle Atrophy on Motor End Plates
943:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
909:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
899:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
873:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
843:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
801:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
783:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
765:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
747:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
710:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
688:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
654:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
640:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
602:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
568:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
538:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
80:Institute for Medical and Biological Problems
8:
1166:Biological Rhythm and Temperature Regulation
32:
1180:Rhesus Monkey Metabolism during Spaceflight
849:Hepatic Function in Rats After Space Flight
2509:
2495:
2487:
2340:
2326:
2318:
985:Pituitary Oxytocin and Vasopressin Content
31:
893:(U.S.S.R.), the Institute of Biophysics (
1018:Washington University School of Medicine
1255:
636:University of California, San Francisco
817:). Participated in the experiment the
3396:Czechoslovakia–Soviet Union relations
1152:University of California, Los Angeles
1076:Histologic Examination of Lung Tissue
937:. Participated in the experiment the
775:Levels in Skeletal and Smooth Muscles
672:University of California, Los Angeles
7:
3421:Soviet Union–United States relations
1044:Salk Institute of Biological Studies
905:Rat Testis Morphology and Physiology
526:University of California, Santa Cruz
428:, United States, Canada, Australia,
3426:East Germany–Soviet Union relations
1080:University of California, San Diego
1138:University of Texas Medical Branch
891:Institute of Developmental Biology
827:University of Texas Medical Branch
779:University of Texas Medical Branch
650:University of Texas Medical Branch
25:
2256:"Experiment 30: Bion 9 1989-075A"
2224:"Experiment 29: Bion 9 1989-075A"
2192:"Experiment 28: Bion 9 1989-075A"
2160:"Experiment 27: Bion 9 1989-075A"
2128:"Experiment 26: Bion 9 1989-075A"
2096:"Experiment 25: Bion 9 1989-075A"
2064:"Experiment 24: Bion 9 1989-075A"
2032:"Experiment 23: Bion 9 1989-075A"
2000:"Experiment 22: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1968:"Experiment 21: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1936:"Experiment 20: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1904:"Experiment 19: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1872:"Experiment 18: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1840:"Experiment 17: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1808:"Experiment 16: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1776:"Experiment 15: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1744:"Experiment 14: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1712:"Experiment 13: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1680:"Experiment 12: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1648:"Experiment 11: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1616:"Experiment 10: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1584:"Experiment 09: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1552:"Experiment 08: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1520:"Experiment 07: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1488:"Experiment 06: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1456:"Experiment 05: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1424:"Experiment 04: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1392:"Experiment 03: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1360:"Experiment 02: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1328:"Experiment 01: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1203:NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
883:and Erythropoietin Determinations
2268:
2236:
2204:
2172:
2140:
2108:
2076:
2044:
2012:
1980:
1948:
1916:
1884:
1852:
1820:
1788:
1756:
1724:
1692:
1660:
1628:
1596:
1564:
1532:
1500:
1468:
1436:
1404:
1372:
1340:
1308:
1276:
1224:
823:University of California, Irvine
761:University of California, Irvine
489:). The prime occupants were two
475:experiments were conducted on 2
38:
1184:University of California, Davis
1170:University of California, Davis
1106:University of Wisconsin–Madison
684:University of Wisconsin–Madison
564:University of Wisconsin-Madison
3406:Hungary–Soviet Union relations
3401:Romania–Soviet Union relations
1296:"Trajectory: Bion 9 1989-075A"
162:6,000 kg (13,000 lb)
99:
1:
3416:France–Soviet Union relations
3411:Poland–Soviet Union relations
2309:Journal of Applied Physiology
1062:Pennsylvania State University
1032:Pennsylvania State University
921:Pennsylvania State University
743:Medical College of Wisconsin
518:University of North Carolina
256:29 September 1989, 02:53 UTC
3381:Spacecraft launched in 1989
2478:(Kosmos number in brackets)
1264:"Display: Bion 9 1989-075A"
1207:University of San Francisco
879:Erythroid Colony Formation
729:, the long term effects of
574:Gravity and Skeletal Growth
414:Hungarian People's Republic
3442:
1124:Mount Sinai Medical Center
979:Florida A&M University
733:and early readaptation to
626:and their relationship to
436:(ESA). It was part of the
385:The capsule of Kosmos 2044
3346:
2475:
1058:NASA Johnson Space Center
1040:NASA Ames Research Center
997:NASA Ames Research Center
975:San Jose State University
957:NASA Ames Research Center
939:Colorado State University
913:Colorado State University
831:NASA Ames Research Center
805:NASA Ames Research Center
739:San Jose State University
586:NASA Ames Research Center
522:University of Connecticut
514:NASA Ames Research Center
356:
352:
328:294 km (183 mi)
318:216 km (134 mi)
283:
279:
233:
229:
170:
166:
121:
117:
61:
37:
3391:1989 in the Soviet Union
1160:Moscow Medical Institute
1102:West Virginia University
1066:University of Louisville
925:Johns Hopkins University
869:University of Louisville
702:University of Louisville
560:West Virginia University
471:The joint United States/
422:Polish People's Republic
1007:Study of the Effect of
887:University of Tennessee
694:Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
2349:Bion/Bion-M satellites
598:Saint Louis University
497:Scientific experiments
386:
2356:Bion precursor flight
819:University of Chicago
676:University of Alberta
434:European Space Agency
384:
293:Reference system
126:Spacecraft properties
2525:Orbital launches in
1094:University of Kansas
1090:Rodent Tissue Repair
751:University of Sydney
680:University of Kansas
33:Kosmos 2044 / Bion 9
3386:1989 in spaceflight
2368:Veterok and Ugolyok
2366:(carried two dogs,
2258:. NASA. 14 May 2020
2226:. NASA. 14 May 2020
2194:. NASA. 14 May 2020
2162:. NASA. 14 May 2020
2130:. NASA. 14 May 2020
2098:. NASA. 14 May 2020
2066:. NASA. 14 May 2020
2034:. NASA. 14 May 2020
2002:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1970:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1938:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1906:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1874:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1842:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1810:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1778:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1746:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1714:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1682:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1650:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1618:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1586:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1554:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1522:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1490:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1458:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1426:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1394:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1362:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1330:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1298:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1266:. NASA. 14 May 2020
1240:1989 in spaceflight
1056:. Participated the
917:Columbia University
795:Natriuretic Peptide
594:Columbia University
410:biomedical research
247:Soviet Space Forces
34:
1232:Spaceflight portal
590:Indiana University
556:University of Iowa
530:University College
387:
288:Orbital parameters
183:15 September 1989,
3376:Kosmos satellites
3358:
3357:
2484:
2483:
2371:
835:Baylor University
630:balance and bone
379:
378:
44:A Bion spacecraft
16:(Redirected from
3433:
2898:DFS Kopernikus 1
2582:Intelsat VA F-15
2530:
2529:
2528:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2488:
2365:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2319:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2092:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1932:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1644:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1324:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1260:
1245:Animals in space
1234:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1116:Brooklyn College
865:Emory University
486:Escherichia coli
314:Perigee altitude
297:Geocentric orbit
175:Start of mission
110:Mission duration
101:
42:
35:
21:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3371:Bion satellites
3361:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3342:
3301:
3292:Molniya-3 No.46
3243:
3239:Intelsat VI F-2
3195:
3191:Gorizont No.31L
3172:Molniya-1 No.69
3127:Resurs-F1 No.48
3089:
3018:
2986:Resurs-F1 No.47
2971:Gorizont No.27L
2961:Nadezhda No.403
2949:
2945:Resurs-F1 No.46
2908:Molniya-3 No.45
2877:
2852:Resurs-F1 No.45
2808:
2767:
2677:
2653:Molniya-1 No.84
2591:
2572:Gorizont No.29L
2537:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2515:
2485:
2480:
2471:
2450:
2374:
2351:
2346:
2286:
2281:
2269:
2261:
2259:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2237:
2229:
2227:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2205:
2197:
2195:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2173:
2165:
2163:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2141:
2133:
2131:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2109:
2101:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2077:
2069:
2067:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2045:
2037:
2035:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2013:
2005:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1981:
1973:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1949:
1941:
1939:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1917:
1909:
1907:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1885:
1877:
1875:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1853:
1845:
1843:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1821:
1813:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1789:
1781:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1757:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1725:
1717:
1715:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1693:
1685:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1661:
1653:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1629:
1621:
1619:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1597:
1589:
1587:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1565:
1557:
1555:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1533:
1525:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1501:
1493:
1491:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1469:
1461:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1437:
1429:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1405:
1397:
1395:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1373:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1341:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1309:
1301:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1277:
1269:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1230:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1199:space radiation
789:Measurement of
678:in the Canada,
499:
491:macaque monkeys
450:motion sickness
446:
375:
374:
368:
361:
324:Apogee altitude
307:Low Earth orbit
272:
200:
184:
139:Spacecraft type
56:
54:
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3439:
3437:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3363:
3362:
3356:
3355:
3351:Crewed flights
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3262:
3257:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3214:
3209:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3182:Interkosmos 24
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3112:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3060:Resurs-F2 No.4
3057:
3048:
3032:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2891:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2862:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2700:
2691:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2673:Meteor-2 No.22
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2538:
2532:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2491:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2419:
2413:
2407:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2285:
2284:External links
2282:
2280:
2279:
2247:
2215:
2183:
2151:
2119:
2087:
2055:
2023:
1991:
1959:
1927:
1895:
1863:
1831:
1799:
1767:
1735:
1703:
1671:
1639:
1607:
1575:
1543:
1511:
1479:
1447:
1415:
1383:
1351:
1319:
1287:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1191:
1177:
1163:
1145:
1131:
1109:
1087:
1073:
1047:
1025:
1004:
982:
964:
953:benzodiazepine
946:
928:
902:
895:Czechoslovakia
876:
846:
808:
797:Concentrations
786:
768:
754:
713:
691:
657:
643:
605:
571:
545:
498:
495:
477:rhesus monkeys
445:
442:
426:Czechoslovakia
377:
376:
369:
363:
362:
359:Bion programme
357:
354:
353:
350:
349:
346:
340:
339:
336:
330:
329:
326:
320:
319:
316:
310:
309:
304:
300:
299:
294:
290:
289:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
276:
262:
258:
257:
254:
250:
249:
244:
240:
239:
238:End of mission
235:
234:
231:
230:
227:
226:
221:
217:
216:
207:
203:
202:
201:s/n T15000-599
194:
190:
189:
181:
177:
176:
172:
171:
168:
167:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
132:
128:
127:
123:
122:
119:
118:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
103:
94:
93:
90:
84:
83:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
59:
58:
51:
47:
46:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3438:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3352:
3345:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3234:Meteor-3 No.4
3232:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2914:Okean-O1 No.4
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2811:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2531:
2520:
2512:
2507:
2505:
2500:
2498:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2479:
2474:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2369:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2343:
2338:
2336:
2331:
2329:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2313:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2276:
2275:public domain
2257:
2251:
2248:
2244:
2243:public domain
2225:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2211:public domain
2193:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2179:public domain
2161:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2147:public domain
2129:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2115:public domain
2097:
2091:
2088:
2084:
2083:public domain
2065:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2051:public domain
2033:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2019:public domain
2001:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1987:public domain
1969:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1955:public domain
1937:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1923:public domain
1905:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1891:public domain
1873:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1859:public domain
1841:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1827:public domain
1809:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1795:public domain
1777:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1763:public domain
1745:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1731:public domain
1713:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1699:public domain
1681:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1667:public domain
1649:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1635:public domain
1617:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1603:public domain
1585:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1571:public domain
1553:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1539:public domain
1521:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1507:public domain
1489:
1483:
1480:
1476:
1475:public domain
1457:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1443:public domain
1425:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1411:public domain
1393:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1379:public domain
1361:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1347:public domain
1329:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1315:public domain
1297:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1283:public domain
1265:
1259:
1256:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1120:New York City
1117:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
983:
980:
976:
972:
968:
965:
962:
958:
954:
950:
947:
944:
940:
936:
932:
929:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
903:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
882:
877:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
847:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
809:
806:
802:
798:
796:
792:
787:
784:
780:
776:
774:
769:
766:
762:
758:
755:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
725:
721:
717:
714:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
692:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
658:
655:
651:
647:
644:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
606:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
572:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
546:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
508:
507:
506:
504:
496:
494:
492:
488:
487:
482:
478:
474:
469:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
443:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
383:
373: →
372:
367:
364:←
360:
355:
351:
348:89.30 minutes
347:
345:
341:
337:
335:
331:
327:
325:
321:
317:
315:
311:
308:
305:
301:
298:
295:
291:
286:
282:
278:
275:
270:
269:Soviet Russia
266:
263:
259:
255:
251:
248:
245:
241:
236:
232:
228:
225:
222:
218:
215:
211:
208:
204:
198:
195:
191:
188:
182:
178:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
154:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
102:
95:
91:
89:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
68:
64:
60:
52:
48:
41:
36:
30:
19:
3350:
3328:Progress M-2
3323:Gran' No.36L
3264:
3216:
3156:
3114:
3080:Marco Polo 1
3075:Progress M-1
3034:
2940:Globus No.11
2912:
2819:
2794:Gran' No.33L
2702:
2477:
2433:
2379:Bion flights
2311:
2260:. Retrieved
2250:
2228:. Retrieved
2218:
2196:. Retrieved
2186:
2164:. Retrieved
2154:
2132:. Retrieved
2122:
2100:. Retrieved
2090:
2068:. Retrieved
2058:
2036:. Retrieved
2026:
2004:. Retrieved
1994:
1972:. Retrieved
1962:
1940:. Retrieved
1930:
1908:. Retrieved
1898:
1876:. Retrieved
1866:
1844:. Retrieved
1834:
1812:. Retrieved
1802:
1780:. Retrieved
1770:
1748:. Retrieved
1738:
1716:. Retrieved
1706:
1684:. Retrieved
1674:
1652:. Retrieved
1642:
1620:. Retrieved
1610:
1588:. Retrieved
1578:
1556:. Retrieved
1546:
1524:. Retrieved
1514:
1492:. Retrieved
1482:
1460:. Retrieved
1450:
1428:. Retrieved
1418:
1396:. Retrieved
1386:
1364:. Retrieved
1354:
1332:. Retrieved
1322:
1300:. Retrieved
1290:
1268:. Retrieved
1258:
1193:
1179:
1165:
1147:
1133:
1111:
1089:
1075:
1049:
1027:
1009:Microgravity
1006:
984:
973:(IMBP), the
966:
948:
930:
904:
880:
878:
853:microgravity
848:
810:
788:
770:
756:
753:, Australia.
731:microgravity
715:
698:microgravity
693:
664:microgravity
659:
645:
607:
573:
547:
509:
502:
500:
484:
479:and 10 male
473:Soviet Union
470:
458:regeneration
454:reproduction
447:
438:Bion program
430:Soviet Union
418:East Germany
405:
401:
393:
389:
388:
274:Soviet Union
261:Landing site
253:Landing date
243:Recovered by
149:Manufacturer
66:Mission type
29:
3338:Kosmos 2054
3333:Kosmos 2053
3297:Kosmos 2052
3282:Kosmos 2051
3277:Kosmos 2050
3255:Kosmos 2049
3212:Kosmos 2048
3207:Kosmos 2047
3177:Kosmos 2046
3162:Kosmos 2045
3157:Kosmos 2044
3152:Kosmos 2043
3148:Kosmos 2042
3144:Kosmos 2041
3140:Kosmos 2040
3136:Kosmos 2039
3132:Kosmos 2038
3085:Kosmos 2037
3070:Kosmos 2036
3030:Kosmos 2035
3014:Kosmos 2034
3009:Kosmos 2033
3004:Kosmos 2032
2999:Kosmos 2031
2981:Kosmos 2030
2966:Kosmos 2029
2935:Kosmos 2028
2925:Kosmos 2027
2903:Kosmos 2026
2894:Superbird-A
2889:Kosmos 2025
2873:Kosmos 2024
2869:Kosmos 2023
2865:Kosmos 2022
2847:Kosmos 2021
2842:Kosmos 2020
2832:Kosmos 2019
2804:Foton No.5L
2799:Kosmos 2018
2789:Kosmos 2017
2784:Kosmos 2016
2758:Kosmos 2015
2754:Kosmos 2014
2750:Kosmos 2013
2746:Kosmos 2012
2742:Kosmos 2011
2738:Kosmos 2010
2734:Kosmos 2009
2730:Kosmos 2008
2725:Kosmos 2007
2720:Progress 41
2715:Kosmos 2006
2689:Kosmos 2005
2668:Kosmos 2004
2658:Kosmos 2003
2643:Kosmos 2002
2638:Kosmos 2001
2633:Kosmos 2000
2628:Kosmos 1999
2624:Kosmos 1998
2620:Kosmos 1997
2616:Kosmos 1996
2612:Kosmos 1995
2608:Kosmos 1994
2603:Progress 40
2587:Kosmos 1993
2577:Kosmos 1992
2567:Kosmos 1991
2562:Kosmos 1990
2557:Kosmos 1989
2553:Kosmos 1988
2549:Kosmos 1987
2467:Bion-M No.2
2462:Bion-M No.1
1158:(IMBP) and
1054:lymphocytes
993:vasopressin
935:spaceflight
803:(IMBP) and
749:(IMBP) and
720:biochemical
632:osteocalcin
612:osteocalcin
481:Wistar rats
406:Космос 2044
390:Kosmos 2044
334:Inclination
206:Launch site
180:Launch date
159:Launch mass
57:Biokosmos 9
55:Biocosmos 9
3365:Categories
3116:Soyuz TM-8
3110:Himawari 4
2976:Olympus F1
2698:Meteosat 4
2363:Kosmos 110
2262:17 January
2230:17 January
2198:17 January
2166:17 January
2134:17 January
2102:17 January
2070:17 January
2038:17 January
2006:17 January
1974:17 January
1942:17 January
1910:17 January
1878:17 January
1846:17 January
1814:17 January
1782:17 January
1750:17 January
1718:17 January
1686:17 January
1654:17 January
1622:17 January
1590:17 January
1558:17 January
1526:17 January
1494:17 January
1462:17 January
1430:17 January
1398:17 January
1366:17 January
1334:17 January
1302:17 January
1270:17 January
1251:References
771:Messenger
727:microscopy
578:bone cells
540:(IMBP) in
462:immunology
220:Contractor
131:Spacecraft
92:1989-075A
70:Bioscience
3094:September
3055:Hipparcos
861:histology
815:ventricle
620:magnesium
616:manganese
214:Site 41/1
185:06:30:00
88:COSPAR ID
3306:December
3248:November
3186:Magion 2
3051:TV-SAT 2
2826:Magellan
2596:February
1218:See also
1154:(UCLA),
1104:and the
1100:(IMBP),
1038:(IMBP),
989:oxytocin
977:and the
911:(IMBP),
881:In Vitro
724:electron
706:Kentucky
552:proteins
408:) was a
210:Plesetsk
76:Operator
3287:Kvant 2
3223:Galileo
3200:October
2694:JCSAT-1
2663:Akebono
2542:January
2446:Bion 11
2440:Bion 10
1213:(IMBP).
1190:(IMBP).
1176:(IMBP).
1144:(IMBP).
1130:(IMBP).
1086:(IMBP).
1072:(IMBP).
1024:(IMBP).
1013:Enzymes
1003:(IMBP).
963:(IMBP).
945:(IMBP).
901:(IMBP).
875:(IMBP).
845:(IMBP).
793:Atrial
785:(IMBP).
767:(IMBP).
735:gravity
712:(IMBP).
704:in the
690:(IMBP).
668:neurons
656:(IMBP).
642:(IMBP).
628:calcium
604:(IMBP).
570:(IMBP).
466:rodents
444:Mission
398:Russian
371:Bion 10
199:11A511U
197:Soyuz-U
113:14 days
98:SATCAT
3318:USA-49
3313:Granat
3271:USA-48
3266:STS-33
3229:USA-47
3218:STS-34
3167:USA-46
3122:USA-45
3105:USA-44
3101:USA-43
3065:USA-42
3045:USA-41
3041:USA-40
3036:STS-28
3023:August
2994:Pion 4
2990:Pion 3
2930:USA-39
2920:USA-38
2860:Pion 2
2856:Pion 1
2837:USA-37
2821:STS-30
2779:Tele-X
2763:USA-36
2709:TDRS-4
2704:STS-29
2648:USA-35
2534:1990 →
2519:← 1988
2455:Bion-M
2442:(2229)
2436:(2044)
2434:Bion 9
2430:(1887)
2428:Bion 8
2424:(1667)
2422:Bion 7
2418:(1514)
2416:Bion 6
2412:(1129)
2410:Bion 5
2404:Bion 4
2398:Bion 3
2392:Bion 2
2386:Bion 1
2314:, 1992
897:) and
889:, the
841:, and
829:, the
542:Moscow
534:London
503:Bion 9
402:Бион 9
394:Bion 9
366:Bion 8
344:Period
338:82.30°
303:Regime
193:Rocket
134:Bion 9
82:(IMBP)
53:Bion 9
18:Bion 9
2772:April
2682:March
2406:(936)
2400:(782)
2394:(690)
2388:(605)
857:liver
839:Texas
791:Heart
582:blood
392:, or
265:Mirny
224:TsSKB
153:TsSKB
105:20242
50:Names
3260:COBE
2954:July
2882:June
2527:1989
2290:NASA
2264:2021
2232:2021
2200:2021
2168:2021
2136:2021
2104:2021
2072:2021
2040:2021
2008:2021
1976:2021
1944:2021
1912:2021
1880:2021
1848:2021
1816:2021
1784:2021
1752:2021
1720:2021
1688:2021
1656:2021
1624:2021
1592:2021
1560:2021
1528:2021
1496:2021
1464:2021
1432:2021
1400:2021
1368:2021
1336:2021
1304:2021
1272:2021
1209:and
1186:and
1172:and
1140:and
1126:and
1082:and
1068:and
1042:and
1020:and
999:and
991:and
959:and
941:and
923:and
871:and
781:and
763:and
708:and
686:and
652:and
638:and
624:zinc
622:and
600:and
566:and
536:and
501:The
456:and
432:and
396:(in
143:Bion
2813:May
1118:in
1011:on
855:on
773:RNA
532:in
187:UTC
100:no.
3367::
3184:,
3150:,
3146:,
3142:,
3138:,
3134:,
3103:,
3053:,
3043:,
2992:,
2988:,
2896:,
2871:,
2867:,
2858:,
2854:,
2756:,
2752:,
2748:,
2744:,
2740:,
2736:,
2732:,
2696:,
2626:,
2622:,
2618:,
2614:,
2610:,
2555:,
2551:,
2312:73
2307:,
1205:,
1122:,
1096:,
1064:,
1060:,
1034:,
919:,
915:,
867:,
837:,
833:,
825:,
821:,
745:,
741:,
682:,
674:,
618:,
596:,
592:,
588:,
562:,
558:,
544:).
528:,
524:,
520:,
516:,
468:.
460:,
452:,
440:.
424:,
420:,
416:,
404:,
400::
267:,
212:,
3273:)
3269:(
3225:)
3221:(
3047:)
3039:(
2828:)
2824:(
2711:)
2707:(
2510:e
2503:t
2496:v
2370:)
2341:e
2334:t
2327:v
2277:.
2266:.
2245:.
2234:.
2213:.
2202:.
2181:.
2170:.
2149:.
2138:.
2117:.
2106:.
2085:.
2074:.
2053:.
2042:.
2021:.
2010:.
1989:.
1978:.
1957:.
1946:.
1925:.
1914:.
1893:.
1882:.
1861:.
1850:.
1829:.
1818:.
1797:.
1786:.
1765:.
1754:.
1733:.
1722:.
1701:.
1690:.
1669:.
1658:.
1637:.
1626:.
1605:.
1594:.
1573:.
1562:.
1541:.
1530:.
1509:.
1498:.
1477:.
1466:.
1445:.
1434:.
1413:.
1402:.
1381:.
1370:.
1349:.
1338:.
1317:.
1306:.
1285:.
1274:.
1162:.
1108:.
1046:.
981:.
927:.
807:.
271:,
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
