Biological functions of nitric oxide

763: 290: 449:. Typical cases involve the nitrosylation of heme proteins like cytochromes, thereby disabling the normal enzymatic activity of the enzyme. Nitrosylated ferrous iron is particularly stable. Hemoglobin is a prominent example of a heme protein that may be modified by NO by both direct attack by NO and, independently, via attack by S-nitrosothiols, involving NO transfer from S to Fe. 166: 7294: 1577:

who studies "acute respiratory distress" in high altitudes, is applying this research towards COVID-19. He is involved in clinical trials which apply the use of inhaled nitric oxide as a treatment for COVID-19. This approach was inspired by the work of associate professor of emergency medicine at the

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This vasodilation does not decrease the volume of blood the heart pumps, but rather it decreases the force the heart muscle must exert to pump the same volume of blood. Nitroglycerin pills, taken sublingually (under the tongue), are used to prevent or treat acute chest pain. The nitroglycerin reacts

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and releases the active metabolite nitric oxide (NO). As with all supplements of nitric oxide, the response is short-lived because, as a normally produced internal physiologic control mechanism, increased concentrations lead to increased rates of clearance, which is the reason that the effectiveness

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can withstand extreme levels of radioactivity and other stresses. In 2009 it was reported that nitric oxide plays an important role in this bacteria's recovery from radiation exposure: The gas is required for division and proliferation after DNA damage has been repaired. A gene that increases nitric

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are known for the NOS enzyme: endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), and inducible (iNOS) - each with separate functions. The neuronal enzyme (NOS-1) and the endothelial isoform (NOS-3) are calcium-dependent and produce low levels of this gas as a cell signaling molecule. The inducible isoform (NOS-2)

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of commensal facultative anaerobic bacteria. This nitrite is swallowed and reacts with acid and reducing substances in the stomach (such as ascorbate) to produce high concentrations of nitric oxide. The purpose of this mechanism to create NO is thought to be both sterilization of swallowed food (to

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NOS oxidizes the guanidine group of L-arginine in a process that consumes five electrons and results in the formation of NO with stoichiometric formation of L-citrulline. The process involves the oxidation of NADPH and the reduction of molecular oxygen. The transformation occurs at a catalytic site

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People with diabetes usually have lower levels of nitric oxide than patients without diabetes. Diminished supply of nitric oxide can lead to vascular damage, such as endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation. Vascular damage can lead to decreased blood flow to the extremities, causing the

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Inhaled nitric oxide is contraindicated in the treatment of neonates known to be dependent on right-to-left shunting of blood. This is as the nitric oxide decreases the pulmonary circulation's resistance by dilating pulmonary blood vessels. The increased pulmonary return increases pressure in the

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A related mechanism is thought to protect the skin from fungal infections, where nitrate in sweat is reduced to nitrite by skin commensal organisms and then to NO on the slightly acidic skin surface. In alternative fashion, nitrite anions on sun-exposed skin may be photolyzed to free nitric oxide

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group (–SH) to produce nitric oxide, which eases the pain by causing vasodilation. There is a potential role for the use of nitric oxide in alleviating bladder contractile dysfunctions, and recent evidence suggests that nitrates may be beneficial for treatment of angina due to reduced myocardial

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as part of the treatment of peri- and post-operative pulmonary hypertension in adults and newborn infants, infants and toddlers, children and adolescents, ages 0–17 years in conjunction to heart surgery, in order to selectively decrease pulmonary arterial pressure and improve right ventricular

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and increasing blood flow. NO is also a neurotransmitter and has been associated with neuronal activity and various functions such as avoidance learning. NO also partially mediates macrophage cytotoxicity against microbes and tumor cells. Besides mediating normal functions, NO is implicated in

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In the United States, it is indicated to improve oxygenation and reduce the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in term and near-term (>34 weeks gestation) neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure associated with clinical or echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension in

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a mediator of vasodilation in blood vessels. It is induced by several factors, and once synthesized by eNOS it results in phosphorylation of several proteins that cause smooth muscle relaxation. The vasodilatory actions of nitric oxide play a key role in renal control of

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The most common side effects include thrombocytopenia (low blood platelet counts), hypokalaemia (low blood potassium levels), hypotension (low blood pressure), atelectasis (collapse of the whole, or part of a, lung), and hyperbilirubinaemia (high blood levels of bilirubin).

1384:, which phosphorylates target proteins such as the myosin phosphatase-targeting subunit (MYPT) and the IP3 receptor-associated cGMP kinase substrate (IRAG). In addition, cGMP has been proposed to also cause smooth muscle relaxation indirectly by increasing levels of cAMP. 1498:

drug: It causes vasodilation, which can help with ischemic pain, known as angina, by decreasing the cardiac workload. By dilating (expanding) the arteries, nitric oxide drugs lower arterial pressure and left ventricular filling pressure. Nitric oxide can contribute to

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Nitric oxide can be delivered as a pulse in the beginning of each breath to horses during anaesthesia. This is called PiNO (pulsed inhaled nitric oxide) and results in better matching of ventilation and perfusion and thereby improves the arterial oxygenation.

1468:, although the effects are short-lived and there are no studies demonstrating improved clinical outcomes. It is used on an individualized basis in ICUs as an adjunct to other definitive therapies for reversible causes of hypoxemic respiratory distress. 1590:. Harris noticed that the consequences of high level altitude sickness on the human body mirrored COVID-19's dysfunctional impact on the lungs. His focus on nitric oxide comes from its role in being able to breathe in high altitudes. According to 1314:

There are some associated complaints with utilization of nitric oxide in neonatal patients. Some of them include dose errors associated with the delivery system, headaches associated with environmental exposure of nitric oxide in hospital staff,

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Wiklund M, Kellgren M, Wulcan S, Grubb T, Nyman G (January 2020). "Effects of pulsed inhaled nitric oxide on arterial oxygenation during mechanical ventilation in anaesthetised horses undergoing elective arthroscopy or emergency colic surgery".

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González C, Herradón E, Abalo R, Vera G, Pérez-Nievas BG, Leza JC, et al. (May 2011). "Cannabinoid/agonist WIN 55,212-2 reduces cardiac ischaemia–reperfusion injury in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: role of CB2 receptors and iNOS/eNOS".

479:, which causes reuptake of Ca and the opening of calcium-activated potassium channels. The fall in concentration of Ca ensures that the myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) can no longer phosphorylate the myosin molecule, thereby stopping the 2809:

Green SJ, Crawford RM, Hockmeyer JT, Meltzer MS, Nacy CA (December 1990). "Leishmania major amastigotes initiate the L-arginine-dependent killing mechanism in IFN-gamma-stimulated macrophages by induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha".

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adjacent to a specific binding site of L-arginine. NO is an important regulator and mediator of numerous processes in the nervous, immune, and cardiovascular systems. These include vascular smooth muscle relaxation, resulting in arterial

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for the treatment of newborn infants ≥34 weeks gestation with hypoxic respiratory failure associated with clinical or echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension, in order to improve oxygenation and to reduce the need for

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Verma K, Mehta SK, Shekhawat GS (April 2013). "Nitric oxide (NO) counteracts cadmium induced cytotoxic processes mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Brassica juncea: cross-talk between ROS, NO and antioxidant responses".

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Kaibori M, Sakitani K, Oda M, Kamiyama Y, Masu Y, Nishizawa M, et al. (June 1999). "Immunosuppressant FK506 inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression at a step of NF-kappaB activation in rat hepatocytes".

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Osanai T, Fujiwara N, Saitoh M, Sasaki S, Tomita H, Nakamura M, et al. (2002). "Relationship between salt intake, nitric oxide and asymmetric dimethylarginine and its relevance to patients with end-stage renal disease".

2689:"Neutralization of gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha blocks in vivo synthesis of nitrogen oxides from L-arginine and protection against Francisella tularensis infection in Mycobacterium bovis BCG-treated mice" 1328:

left atrium, causing closure of the foramen ovale and reducing the blood flow through the ductus arteriosus. Closing these shunts can kill neonates with heart malformations that rely on the right-to-left shunting of blood.

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Kamijo R, Gerecitano J, Shapiro D, Green SJ, Aguet M, Le J, Vilcek J (1995). "Generation of nitric oxide and clearance of interferon-gamma after BCG infection are impaired in mice that lack the interferon-gamma receptor".

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Corpas FJ, Barroso JB, Carreras A, Valderrama R, Palma JM, León AM, et al. (July 2006). "Constitutive arginine-dependent nitric oxide synthase activity in different organs of pea seedlings during plant development".

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Shmist YA, Goncharov I, Eichler M, Shneyvays V, Isaac A, Vogel Z, Shainberg A (February 2006). "Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol protects cardiac cells from hypoxia via CB2 receptor activation and nitric oxide production".

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and kill other cells. In vitro studies indicate that phagocyte-dependent generation of NO at concentrations greater than 400-500 nM triggers apoptosis in nearby cells and that this effect may act in a manner similar to

1372:(ECS) may, in part, be mediated through its ability to regulate the production and/or release of nitric oxide. It relaxes vascular smooth muscle by binding to the heme moiety of cytosolic guanylate cyclase, activating 2524: 1606:(which increases NO) is a "lifestyle change" that "may also help to reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral load and symptoms of COVID‑19 pneumonia by promoting more efficient antiviral defense mechanisms in the respiratory tract." 2418:

Opländer C, Römer A, Paunel-Görgülü A, Fritsch T, van Faassen EE, Mürtz M, et al. (June 2012). "Dermal application of nitric oxide in vivo: kinetics, biological responses, and therapeutic potential in humans".

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inflammation. Reduced levels of exhaled NO have been associated with exposure to air pollution in cyclists and smokers, but, in general, levels of exhaled nitric oxide are associated with exposure to air pollution.

1402:) by dilating pulmonary vessels in better-ventilated areas of the lung, moving pulmonary blood flow away from lung segments with low ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratios toward segments with normal or better ratios. 337:-4 (IL-4) and IL-10 provide weak inhibitory signals. In this way, the immune system may regulate the armamentarium of phagocytes that play a role in inflammation and immune responses. Nitric oxide is secreted as 178:

Exogenous NO sources constitute a powerful way to supplement NO when the body cannot generate enough for normal biological functions. Certain endogenous compounds can act as NO-donors or elicit NO-like reactions

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detects the bioconversion of plant-derived nitrate into nitric oxide. A rise in salivary levels is indicative of diets rich in leafy vegetables which are often abundant in anti-hypertensive diets such as the

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The nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway elevates nitric oxide through the sequential reduction of dietary nitrate derived from plant-based foods. Nitrate-rich vegetables, in particular leafy greens, such as

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Shami PJ, Moore JO, Gockerman JP, Hathorn JW, Misukonis MA, Weinberg JB (August 1995). "Nitric oxide modulation of the growth and differentiation of freshly isolated acute non-lymphocytic leukemia cells".

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Davies SA, Stewart EJ, Huesmann GR, Skaer NJ, Maddrell SH, Tublitz NJ, Dow JA (August 1997). "Neuropeptide stimulation of the nitric oxide signaling pathway in Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian tubules".

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Green SJ, Scheller LF, Marletta MA, Seguin MC, Klotz FW, Slayter M, et al. (December 1994). "Nitric oxide: cytokine-regulation of nitric oxide in host resistance to intracellular pathogens".

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Guanylate cyclase is a key component of the famous smooth-muscle relaxing properties of NO. It is a heme-containing enzyme that is acted on by NO, which binds to the heme. Cyclic-GMP activates

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Nitric oxide (NO) contributes to vessel homeostasis by inhibiting vascular smooth muscle contraction and growth, platelet aggregation, and leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Humans with

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Liu AH, Bondonno CP, Croft KD, Puddey IB, Woodman RJ, Rich L, et al. (November 2013). "Effects of a nitrate-rich meal on arterial stiffness and blood pressure in healthy volunteers".

203:, stimulates erections primarily by enhancing signaling through the nitric oxide pathway. Prominent examples are S-nitrosothiols, certain organic nitrates, nitrosylated metal complexes, 1683:

to hypoxic conditions, as an NOS inhibitor was able to block the THC-induced cardioprotective action. The activation of mainly CB2 receptors and the restoration of iNOS/eNOS cardiac

2855:"Induction of nitric oxide synthase protects against malaria in mice exposed to irradiated Plasmodium berghei infected mosquitoes: involvement of interferon gamma and CD8+ T cells" 1476:

Nitric oxide is absorbed systemically after inhalation. Most of it moves across the pulmonary capillary bed where it combines with hemoglobin that is 60% to 100% oxygen-saturated.

1418:(ECMO). Nitric oxide therapy has the potential to significantly increase the quality of life and, in some cases, save the lives of infants at risk for pulmonary vascular disease. 888: 5543: 3000:

Wink DA, Kasprzak KS, Maragos CM, Elespuru RK, Misra M, Dunams TM, et al. (November 1991). "DNA deaminating ability and genotoxicity of nitric oxide and its progenitors".

577:. NO contributes to the regulation of cardiac contractility. Emerging evidence suggests that coronary artery disease (CAD) is related to defects in generation or action of NO. 5115:

Kinsella JP, Cutter GR, Walsh WF, Gerstmann DR, Bose CL, Hart C, et al. (July 2006). "Early inhaled nitric oxide therapy in premature newborns with respiratory failure".

2617:"Cellular mechanisms of nonspecific immunity to intracellular infection: cytokine-induced synthesis of toxic nitrogen oxides from L-arginine by macrophages and hepatocytes" 55:

involved in several physiological and pathological processes. It is a powerful vasodilator with a half-life of a few seconds in the blood. Standard pharmaceuticals such as

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When inhaled, nitric oxide dilates the pulmonary vasculature and, because of efficient scavenging by hemoglobin, has minimal effect on the vasculature of the entire body.

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of sustained use of nitroglycerin for vasodilation fades to none after hours to days. In the United States, ongoing direct use of nitric oxide use is only approved for

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In the United States, nitric oxide is a gas available in concentrations of only 100 ppm and 800 ppm. Overdosage with inhaled nitric oxide will be seen by elevations in

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Dietary nitrate is also an important source of nitric oxide in mammals. Green, leafy vegetables and some root vegetables (such as beetroot) have high concentrations of

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to dampen and reverse inflammatory responses by neutralizing and then speeding the clearance of pro-inflammatory cells from inflamed tissues. However, the role of

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radicals by UVA in sunlight. This mechanism may elicit significant changes to the systemic blood circulation in humans and be exploited for therapeutic purposes.

785: 2466: 2325: 1830: 226:. When eaten and absorbed into the bloodstream, nitrate is concentrated in saliva (about 10-fold) and is reduced to nitrite on the surface of the tongue by a 1234: 7115: 4819:

Wiklund M, Granswed I, Nyman G (September 2017). "Pulsed inhaled nitric oxide improves arterial oxygenation in colic horses undergoing abdominal surgery".

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associated with acute withdrawal of the drug, hypoxemia associated with acute withdrawal of the drug, and pulmonary edema in patients with CREST syndrome.

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oxide production after UV radiation was described, and in the absence of this gene the bacteria were still able to repair DNA damage, but would not grow.

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Nitrate has been identified as the predominant nitric oxide metabolite excreted in the urine, accounting for >70% of the nitric oxide dose inhaled.

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Moro C, Leeds C, Chess-Williams R (January 2012). "Contractile activity of the bladder urothelium/lamina propria and its regulation by nitric oxide".

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In plants, nitric oxide can be produced by any of four routes: (i) L-arginine-dependent nitric oxide synthase, (although the existence of animal NOS

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Nitric oxide production is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is essential for hepatic lipid metabolism under starvation.

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Walker FA (January 2005). "Nitric oxide interaction with insect nitrophorins and thoughts on the electron configuration of the {FeNO}6 complex".

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While nitric oxide is typically known to halt bacterial growth as part of an immune response, in one case NO protects a bacterium. The bacterium

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Nitric oxide is a cell signaling molecule produced by many cells of the body, and growing evidence suggests that the biological actions of the

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Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.

2195:"Enhanced vasodilator activity of nitrite in hypertension: critical role for erythrocytic xanthine oxidoreductase and translational potential" 3489: 3384: 3359: 3275: 2663: 1935: 377:

in inflammation is complex with model studies involving viral infection suggesting that this gaseous mediator can also promote inflammation.

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Uehara EU, Shida BD, de Brito CA (November 2015). "Role of nitric oxide in immune responses against viruses: beyond microbicidal activity".

7314: 2383:

Suschek CV, Opländer C, van Faassen EE (February 2010). "Non-enzymatic NO production in human skin: effect of UVA on cutaneous NO stores".

5801: 5729: 2953:"Co-localization of inducible-nitric oxide synthase and Plasmodium berghei in hepatocytes from rats immunized with irradiated sporozoites" 2904:"IFN-gamma inhibits development of Plasmodium berghei exoerythrocytic stages in hepatocytes by an L-arginine-dependent effector mechanism" 5250:

Chotigeat U, Khorana M, Kanjanapattanakul W (February 2007). "Inhaled nitric oxide in newborns with severe hypoxic respiratory failure".

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persons. For the body to generate nitric oxide through the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway, the reduction of nitrate to nitrite (by

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in neonatal patients and post-meconium aspiration related to birth defects. These are often a last-resort gas mixture before the use of

1391: 1283: 364: 4635:"Endogenous nitric oxide regulates the recovery of the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans from exposure to UV light" 4605: 7170: 5776: 255:, a bacterial enzyme) occurs in the mouth, by commensal bacteria, an obligatory and necessary step. Monitoring nitric oxide status by 184: 6429: 5703: 1254: 271:

has been shown to eliminate the blood pressure lowering effects of dietary nitrate due to eradication of nitrate-reducing bacteria.

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Nitric oxide was approved for medical use in the United States in December 1999 and for medical use in the European Union in 2001.

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In the European Union, nitric oxide in conjunction with ventilatory support and other appropriate active substances, is indicated:

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A high salt intake attenuates NO production in patients with essential hypertension, although bioavailability remains unregulated.

6782: 4496:"Excess iron stress reduces root tip zone growth through nitric oxide-mediated repression of potassium homeostasis in Arabidopsis" 4396:"Nitric oxide influences auxin signaling through S-nitrosylation of the Arabidopsis TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 auxin receptor" 380:

In response, many bacterial pathogens have evolved mechanisms for nitric oxide resistance. Because nitric oxide might serve as an

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Bryan NS, Tribble G, Angelov N (2017). "Oral Microbiome and Nitric Oxide: the Missing Link in the Management of Blood Pressure".

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Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E, Gladwin MT (February 2008). "The nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway in physiology and therapeutics".

593:, (iii) mitochondrial electron transport chain, or (iv) non-enzymatic reactions. It is a signaling molecule, acts mainly against 5454:"Cholinergic nitric oxide release from the urinary bladder mucosa in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis of the anaesthetized rat" 4763: 3153:

Hibbs JB, Taintor RR, Vavrin Z, Rachlin EM (November 1988). "Nitric oxide: a cytotoxic activated macrophage effector molecule".

3105:"Threshold effects of nitric oxide-induced toxicity and cellular responses in wild-type and p53-null human lymphoblastoid cells" 6399: 1648: 967: 918: 803: 555: 330: 6504: 4126:"RAP2.3 negatively regulates nitric oxide biosynthesis and related responses through a rheostat-like mechanism in Arabidopsis" 247:, have been shown to increase cardioprotective levels of nitric oxide with a corresponding reduction in blood pressure in pre- 7184: 5733: 1574: 1570: 528: 5548: 2236:"Acute blood pressure lowering, vasoprotective, and antiplatelet properties of dietary nitrate via bioconversion to nitrite" 6866: 6734: 5623: 2168: 1381: 7284: 4445:"Nitric Oxide, Ethylene, and Auxin Cross Talk Mediates Greening and Plastid Development in Deetiolating Tomato Seedlings" 2496: 1561:

As of April 2020, studies and trials are underway that examine the possible benefits of nitric oxide in the treatment of

7272: 6434: 6258: 4795: 1089: 839: 7319: 7120: 6931: 6404: 6144: 2580:

Fitzpatrick J, Kim E (August 2015). "Synthetic modeling chemistry of iron-sulfur clusters in nitric oxide signaling".

1652: 4347:"NIN-like Protein7 is controlled by oxygen and nitric oxide and contributes to stress tolerance through PROTEOLYSIS6" 358:

The inducible pathway (iNOS) of nitrogen oxide synthesis in phagocytes can generate large amounts of NO that trigger

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serve as vasodilators because they are converted to nitric oxide in the body. The vasodilating antihypertensive drug

1838: 7003: 6889: 6822: 6689: 6268: 3293:"Subclinical responses in healthy cyclists briefly exposed to traffic-related air pollution: an intervention study" 605: 464:

in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, a transcription factor in iNOS gene expression in response to inflammation.

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Nitric oxide/oxygen blends are used in critical care to promote capillary and pulmonary dilation to treat primary

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oxygen consumption both by decreasing preload and afterload and by some direct vasodilation of coronary vessels.

817: 6961: 6835: 6752: 6394: 3641:"The neurovascular mechanism of clitoral erection: nitric oxide and cGMP-stimulated activation of BKCa channels" 3571:

Dessy C, Feron O (2004). "Pathophysiological Roles of Nitric Oxide: In the Heart and the Coronary Vasculature".

4298:"NIN-like protein7 and PROTEOLYSIS6 functional interaction enhances tolerance to sucrose, ABA, and submergence" 1603: 453: 278: 6649: 3690:"Anti-atherosclerotic effect of beta-blocker with nitric oxide-releasing action on the severe atherosclerosis" 1038: 6941: 6772: 6639: 7324: 7201: 6812: 6729: 6461: 6273: 6149: 4394:

Terrile MC, París R, Calderón-Villalobos LI, Iglesias MJ, Lamattina L, Estelle M, Casalongué CA (May 2012).

3600:"Plasma nitric oxide concentrations and nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms in coronary artery disease" 3188:

Wallace JL, Ianaro A, Flannigan KL, Cirino G (May 2015). "Gaseous mediators in resolution of inflammation".

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Blood-sucking insects exploit vasodilation induced by NO to ensure their blood meal. These insects include

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Pathway for nitrosylation of heme-thiolate, steps in cell signalling (porphyrin is depicted as the square).

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Fang FC (October 2004). "Antimicrobial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: concepts and controversies".

4075:"Nitric oxide sensing in plants is mediated by proteolytic control of group VII ERF transcription factors" 2471: 1579: 1465: 1411: 1369: 1165: 512: 446: 162:

pathophysiologic states as diverse as septic shock, hypertension, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases.

6817: 6419: 6389: 4789: 7125: 6807: 6622: 6409: 4610: 1565:. This research is based on the fact that nitric oxide was investigated as an experimental therapy for 1029: 504: 326: 145: 6762: 6466: 6414: 6238: 6233: 5318: 4900:"Genetic ablation of solute carrier family 7a3a leads to hepatic steatosis in zebrafish during fasting" 4073:

Gibbs DJ, Md Isa N, Movahedi M, Lozano-Juste J, Mendiondo GM, Berckhan S, et al. (February 2014).

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Valderrama R, Corpas FJ, Carreras A, Fernández-Ocaña A, Chaki M, Luque F, et al. (February 2007).

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Corpas FJ, Barroso JB, Carreras A, Quirós M, León AM, Romero-Puertas MC, et al. (September 2004).

351:; the mechanism for this includes DNA damage and degradation of iron sulfur centers into iron ions and 7047: 6644: 6384: 6253: 6243: 6659: 6654: 6484: 6471: 6424: 6248: 6174: 6164: 4990:

Goldfarb RD, Cinel I (January 2007). "Inhaled nitric oxide therapy for sepsis: more than just lung".

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Vicente J, Mendiondo GM, Movahedi M, Peirats-Llobet M, Juan YT, Shen YY, et al. (October 2017).

4191: 3851: 3796: 3304: 3056: 3009: 1954:

van Faassen EE, Bahrami S, Feelisch M, Hogg N, Kelm M, Kim-Shapiro DB, et al. (September 2009).

1751: 1684: 1619: 1595: 1444: 389: 83: 5129: 3739:"Cellular and subcellular localization of endogenous nitric oxide in young and senescent pea plants" 1707:

Hou YC, Janczuk A, Wang PG (June 1999). "Current trends in the development of nitric oxide donors".

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is a mechanism for dynamic, post-translational regulation of most or all major classes of protein.

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Green SJ, Nacy CA, Schreiber RD, Granger DL, Crawford RM, Meltzer MS, Fortier AH (February 1993).

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Gragasin FS, Michelakis ED, Hogan A, Moudgil R, Hashimoto K, Wu X, et al. (September 2004).

3503: 3248: 2982: 2933: 2835: 2444: 2169:"Plant-based Diets | Plant-based Foods | Beetroot Juice | Nitric Oxide Vegetables" 2150: 2107: 2029: 1668: 1545: 1500: 1483:

is cleared from the plasma by the kidney at rates approaching the rate of glomerular filtration.

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Hartman S, Liu Z, van Veen H, Vicente J, Reinen E, Martopawiro S, et al. (September 2019).

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Melo NK, Bianchetti RE, Lira BS, Oliveira PM, Zuccarelli R, Dias DL, et al. (April 2016).

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Jacobs L, Nawrot TS, de Geus B, Meeusen R, Degraeuwe B, Bernard A, et al. (October 2010).

6981: 6976: 6590: 6585: 6509: 6343: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6033: 5938: 5894: 5858: 5681: 5650:"Nitric oxide inhibits the replication cycle of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus" 5648:

Akerström S, Mousavi-Jazi M, Klingström J, Leijon M, Lundkvist A, Mirazimi A (February 2005).

5571:"Nitric oxide, a 'miracle molecule,' could treat or even prevent coronavirus, top doctors say" 5524: 5483: 5434: 5399: 5353: 5300: 5259: 5232: 5183: 5142: 5097: 5056: 5007: 4964: 4921: 4872: 4836: 4674: 4586: 4527: 4476: 4425: 4376: 4327: 4278: 4219: 4157: 4106: 4044: 4008: 3959: 3869: 3812: 3768: 3711: 3662: 3621: 3553: 3495: 3485: 3454: 3418: 3380: 3355: 3332: 3271: 3240: 3205: 3170: 3134: 3084: 3025: 2974: 2925: 2884: 2827: 2791: 2746: 2718: 2669: 2659: 2636: 2597: 2436: 2400: 2365: 2306: 2265: 2216: 2142: 2099: 2064: 2021: 1985: 1931: 1908: 1870: 1808: 1767: 1724: 1672: 1583: 1457: 1373: 1341: 1220: 1145: 946: 775: 713: 590: 563: 558:

and is essential for the regulation of blood flow and blood pressure. NO also plays a role in

495:, raising blood supply and lowering blood pressure. Conversely, it helps protect tissues from 368: 252: 37: 6971: 6966: 6956: 6936: 6669: 6184: 5598:"What Is Nitric Oxide? How the Gas That Gave Us Viagra Could Help Treat Coronavirus Patients" 3688:

Thakur NK, Hayashi T, Sumi D, Kano H, Matsui-Hirai H, Tsunekawa T, Iguchi A (February 2002).

7017: 6611: 6580: 6494: 6445: 6338: 6289: 6169: 5930: 5886: 5848: 5838: 5671: 5661: 5514: 5473: 5465: 5426: 5391: 5345: 5290: 5222: 5214: 5173: 5134: 5087: 5046: 5038: 4999: 4956: 4911: 4864: 4828: 4664: 4654: 4619: 4576: 4566: 4517: 4507: 4466: 4456: 4415: 4407: 4366: 4358: 4317: 4309: 4268: 4258: 4209: 4199: 4147: 4137: 4096: 4086: 4036: 3998: 3990: 3949: 3941: 3908: 3859: 3804: 3758: 3750: 3701: 3652: 3611: 3580: 3545: 3477: 3446: 3410: 3322: 3312: 3232: 3197: 3162: 3124: 3116: 3074: 3064: 3017: 2964: 2915: 2874: 2866: 2819: 2781: 2773: 2708: 2700: 2628: 2589: 2428: 2392: 2357: 2296: 2255: 2247: 2206: 2134: 2091: 2056: 2013: 1975: 1967: 1900: 1862: 1798: 1759: 1716: 1181: 1078: 689: 608:, promotion of the plant hypersensitive response, symbiosis (for example, with organisms in 594: 500: 476: 322: 41: 6767: 6379: 5160:

Ballard RA, Truog WE, Cnaan A, Martin RJ, Ballard PL, Merrill JD, et al. (July 2006).

5027:"The endocannabinoid system: 'NO' longer anonymous in the control of nitrergic signalling?" 4730: 2853:

Seguin MC, Klotz FW, Schneider I, Weir JP, Goodbary M, Slayter M, et al. (July 1994).

1360:

Nitric oxide is a potential therapeutic intervention in acute and chronic lung infections.

1098: 993: 63:

are precursors to nitric oxide. Low levels of nitric oxide production are typically due to

7298: 7205: 6876: 6664: 6499: 6263: 4239:"The Cys-Arg/N-End Rule Pathway Is a General Sensor of Abiotic Stress in Flowering Plants" 2234:

Webb AJ, Patel N, Loukogeorgakis S, Okorie M, Aboud Z, Misra S, et al. (March 2008).

1656: 1636: 1599: 1537: 1495: 693: 609: 539: 516: 496: 321:. Phagocytes are armed with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is activated by 318: 149: 64: 2193:

Ghosh SM, Kapil V, Fuentes-Calvo I, Bubb KJ, Pearl V, Milsom AB, et al. (May 2013).

4650: 4562: 4254: 4195: 3977:

Mur LA, Mandon J, Persijn S, Cristescu SM, Moshkov IE, Novikova GV, et al. (2013).

3855: 3800: 3308: 3060: 3013: 2951:

Klotz FW, Scheller LF, Seguin MC, Kumar N, Marletta MA, Green SJ, Azad AF (April 1995).

1755: 7225: 6884: 6777: 6674: 6374: 6361: 6348: 5994: 5853: 5826: 5478: 5453: 5227: 5202: 5051: 5026: 5003: 4669: 4634: 4581: 4546: 4471: 4444: 4420: 4395: 4371: 4346: 4322: 4297: 4273: 4238: 4214: 4179: 4152: 4125: 4101: 4074: 4003: 3978: 3954: 3929: 3327: 3292: 3129: 3104: 2879: 2854: 2260: 2251: 2235: 1980: 1955: 1680: 1380:(cGMP). The elevation of intracellular cGMP results in relaxation by the activation of 685: 662: 655: 601:

and other plants with nitric oxide has been shown to lengthen the time before wilting.

570: 352: 256: 56: 5676: 5649: 5503:"Inhaled nitric oxide as salvage therapy in massive pulmonary embolism: a case series" 5395: 5295: 5278: 3763: 3738: 3536:

Toda N, Ayajiki K, Okamura T (May 2005). "Nitric oxide and penile erectile function".

3450: 3166: 3103:

Li CQ, Pang B, Kiziltepe T, Trudel LJ, Engelward BP, Dedon PC, Wogan GN (March 2006).

2713: 2688: 2211: 2194: 1519:

poisoning, which produces lung tissue-damaging superoxide and hinders NOS metabolism.

1515:. In contrast, inhaled nitric oxide has been shown to help survival and recovery from 341:

in an immune response and is toxic to bacteria and intracellular parasites, including

7308: 7166: 6915: 6724: 6353: 6333: 6328: 6313: 5754: 5575: 4933: 4884: 4411: 4056: 3913: 3896: 3706: 3689: 3549: 3414: 3079: 3044: 2777: 2632: 1787:"Nitric oxide. A novel signal transduction mechanism for transcellular communication" 1720: 1587: 1512: 1337: 674: 508: 414: 338: 111: 5960: 5950: 5906: 5666: 5365: 4976: 4695: 3897:"Enzymatic sources of nitric oxide in plant cells – beyond one protein–one function" 3881: 3824: 3723: 3674: 3507: 3252: 2986: 2937: 2839: 2448: 2154: 2033: 1904: 1866: 795: 7243: 7219: 6550: 6318: 6018: 6005: 5991: 5218: 5076:"Cyclic GMP in Vascular Relaxation: Export Is of Similar Importance as Degradation" 3043:

Nguyen T, Brunson D, Crespi CL, Penman BW, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR (April 1992).

2326:"Turning DASH Strategy into Reality for Improved Cardio Wellness Outcomes: Part II" 2111: 1018: 901: 896: 762: 640: 632: 612: 547: 492: 248: 188: 158: 107: 71: 60: 29: 23: 5336:

Griffiths MJ, Evans TW (December 2005). "Inhaled nitric oxide therapy in adults".

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for elucidating the role of nitric oxide as a cardiovascular signalling molecule.

5843: 5430: 5382:

Abrams J (May 1996). "Beneficial actions of nitrates in cardiovascular disease".

4091: 2920: 2903: 2823: 2593: 7256: 7027: 6951: 6560: 6555: 6440: 6281: 6179: 6023: 3481: 3472:

Derbyshire ER, Marletta MA (2009). "Biochemistry of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase".

2969: 2952: 1615: 1492: 1448: 1316: 725: 721: 651: 636: 598: 434: 410: 393: 334: 153:

is calcium-independent and produces large amounts of gas that can be cytotoxic.

5092: 5075: 4639:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

4551:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

4204: 3201: 3049:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2396: 2172: 2060: 7229: 7209: 7143: 6797: 6214: 6209: 6098: 6078: 5890: 5777:"How the gas that gave the world Viagra could help treat coronavirus patients" 4832: 4263: 4180:"Ethylene-mediated nitric oxide depletion pre-adapts plants to hypoxia stress" 4040: 3945: 3808: 3236: 2361: 1508: 1432: 1428: 1196: 1069: 647: 620: 574: 520: 343: 314: 310: 265: 196: 139: 131: 127: 79: 75: 5544:"Multiple clinical trials test whether NO gas can treat and prevent COVID-19" 4362: 4313: 3584: 1340:

and pulmonary toxicities associated with inspired ·NO. Elevated NO may cause

754: 297:(DNIC), the product from the immune responsive attack of NO on Fe-S proteins. 7215: 7174: 7037: 7032: 6093: 4659: 4633:

Patel BA, Moreau M, Widom J, Chen H, Yin L, Hua Y, Crane BR (October 2009).

4571: 4545:

Liu WZ, Kong DD, Gu XX, Gao HB, Wang JZ, Xia M, et al. (January 2013).

3994: 3021: 2673: 1803: 1786: 1763: 1503:

when an excessive amount produced during reperfusion (following a period of

789: 678: 457: 359: 302: 289: 268: 261: 192: 123: 115: 5942: 5898: 5862: 5685: 5528: 5519: 5502: 5487: 5438: 5357: 5304: 5263: 5236: 5187: 5162:"Inhaled nitric oxide in preterm infants undergoing mechanical ventilation" 5146: 5101: 5060: 5011: 4968: 4925: 4876: 4840: 4678: 4590: 4531: 4480: 4429: 4380: 4331: 4282: 4223: 4161: 4110: 4048: 4012: 3963: 3873: 3816: 3772: 3715: 3666: 3625: 3557: 3499: 3458: 3336: 3317: 3244: 3209: 3138: 3069: 2601: 2440: 2404: 2369: 2310: 2269: 2220: 2103: 2068: 2025: 1989: 1912: 1728: 472:

Although NO affects many metalloproteins, it does so by deactivating them.

7249:

cGMP preferring PDE inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil, paraxanthine, tadalafil)

5403: 5042: 4142: 3754: 3657: 3640: 3422: 3174: 3088: 3029: 2978: 2929: 2888: 2870: 2831: 2795: 2750: 2722: 2640: 2432: 2146: 1874: 1812: 1771: 7236: 7192: 7178: 7093: 6995: 6684: 6575: 6122: 6013: 5602: 5349: 5178: 5161: 5138: 3979:"Nitric oxide in plants: an assessment of the current state of knowledge" 3573:

Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents

3045:"DNA damage and mutation in human cells exposed to nitric oxide in vitro" 2786: 2559: 1676: 1664: 1660: 1562: 1516: 1504: 1453: 1049: 834: 697: 670: 624: 586: 559: 543: 461: 430: 371: 306: 244: 103: 45: 33: 5730:"Lessons from the Backcountry in Finding a Potential COVID-19 Treatment" 4960: 4522: 4461: 3476:. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 191. pp. 17–31. 1058: 643:. It plays a role in antioxidant and reactive oxygen species responses. 165: 7156: 7022: 6535: 6530: 6479: 6298: 6293: 6219: 6139: 6128: 5805: 5469: 4898:

Gu Q, Yang X, Lin L, Li S, Li Q, Zhong S, et al. (December 2014).

2138: 1591: 1480: 1004: 661:

Nitric oxide interactions have been found within signaling pathways of

409:

In cells, two broad classes of reactions of nitric oxide involve the S-

348: 240: 236: 227: 223: 148:(NOSs) synthesize the metastable free radical nitric oxide (NO). Three 135: 5934: 5501:

Summerfield DT, Desai H, Levitov A, Grooms DA, Marik PE (March 2012).

5252:

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet

5203:"Nitric oxide for respiratory failure in infants born at or near term" 4916: 4899: 4868: 4512: 4495: 4494:

Zhang L, Li G, Wang M, Di D, Sun L, Kronzucker HJ, Shi W (July 2018).

4173: 4171: 4068: 4066: 3120: 2301: 2284: 2017: 1971: 7252: 7148: 7042: 6605: 5827:"Could nasal nitric oxide help to mitigate the severity of COVID-19?" 1702: 1700: 1641: 1156: 658:

responses such as flooding-induced hypoxia, salt and drought stress.

397: 385: 374: 48: 2616: 2615:

Green SJ, Mellouk S, Hoffman SL, Meltzer MS, Nacy CA (August 1990).

2095: 445:

Nitric oxide to a transition metal ion like iron or copper, forming

231:

prevent food poisoning) and to maintain gastric mucosal blood flow.

5802:"Tufts researchers test inhaled nitric oxide as COVID-19 treatment" 5755:"Inhaled Nitric Oxide Therapy for Emergency Room COVID-19 Patients" 1956:"Nitrite as regulator of hypoxic signaling in mammalian physiology" 1687:

are mechanisms involved in this protective effect of cannabinoids.

1431:

and non-healing ulcers, and to be at a greater risk for lower limb

1295:

conjunction with ventilatory support and other appropriate agents.

1125: 1118: 4547:"Cytokinins can act as suppressors of nitric oxide in Arabidopsis" 1644: 1524: 1219: 1210: 1136: 666: 426: 288: 4296:

Castillo MC, Costa-Broseta Á, Gayubas B, León J (December 2021).

1456:. In the adult ICU setting, inhaled ·NO can improve hypoxemia in 821: 7130: 7057: 6631: 5780: 1742:

Culotta E, Koshland DE (December 1992). "NO news is good news".

1566: 1109: 812: 524: 5964: 940: 829: 597:

and also plays a role in plant pathogen interactions. Treating

195:

contains an ·NO moiety and may act as an NO agonist. Likewise,

5319:"University Studies - Nitric Oxide Holds Promise for Diabetes" 5201:

Barrington KJ, Finer N, Pennaforte T, Altit G (January 2017).

5704:"Applying wisdom from the Himalayas to the ER's COVID battle" 2518: 2516: 1447:, either pill or liquid spray forms, which, as a prodrug, is 333:(TGF-β) provides a strong inhibitory signal to iNOS, whereas 460:

are deactivated by NO. NO has been demonstrated to activate

927: 861: 4790:"Drug Approval Package: Inomax (Nitric Oxide) NDA# 20-845" 2125:

Green SJ (June 1995). "Nitric oxide in mucosal immunity".

433:

residues in proteins, to form S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs). S-

5074:

Krawutschke C, Koesling D, Russwurm M (September 2015).

3474:

CGMP: Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications

2467:"'Nose breathing has more benefits than mouth breathing" 692:, and can have effects ranging from leaf blemishing, to 5377: 5375: 1582:

N. Stuart Harris, who has been studying the effects of

523:(Viagra) works to inhibit the enzyme phosphodiesterase 6014:

Nitroxyl anion (NO; oxonitrate(1-), hyponitrite anion)

4690: 4688: 3268:

Immunobiology: the immune system in health and disease

2902:

Mellouk S, Green SJ, Nacy CA, Hoffman SL (June 1991).

425:

S-nitrosation involves the (reversible) conversion of

134:

as a byproduct. NO production by eNOS is dependent on

7282: 4770:. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 25 February 2019 2525:"Could nasal breathing improve athletic performance?" 483:

and leading to relaxation of the smooth muscle cell.

329:(TNF) along with a second signal. On the other hand, 3352:

Radicals for life: The various forms of nitric oxide

2555:"Undiagnosed Mouth Breathing Creates Unhealthy Kids" 1928:

Radicals for life: The various forms of nitric oxide

7083: 7056: 6994: 6924: 6875: 6743: 6630: 6621: 6604: 6505:

Methylamine hexamethylene methylamine/NO (MAHMA/NO)

6121: 6041: 6032: 6004: 5825:Martel J, Ko YF, Young JD, Ojcius DM (2020-05-06). 4758: 4756: 3155:

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

2285:"The oral microbiome and nitric oxide homoeostasis" 1208: 1195: 1180: 1175: 1155: 1135: 1108: 1088: 1068: 1048: 1037: 1028: 1003: 983: 958: 917: 912: 887: 875: 849: 802: 784: 774: 769: 5277:Hayward CS, Kelly RP, Macdonald PS (August 1999). 5080:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 646:Nitric oxide sensing in plants is mediated by the 589:in plants is debated), (ii) plasma membrane-bound 6319:Amyl nitrite (isoamyl nitrite, isopentyl nitrite) 5624:"Nitric Oxide Investigated as COVID-19 Treatment" 4124:León J, Costa-Broseta Á, Castillo MC (May 2020). 2497:"'Mouth-breathing' gross, harmful to your health" 1949: 1947: 627:opening. Nitric oxide is known to be produced by 86:" in 1992. Research into its function led to the 51:. In mammals including humans, nitric oxide is a 4616:National Council for Science and the Environment 3598:Yoon Y, Song J, Hong SH, Kim JQ (October 2000). 1017: 6180:Naproxcinod (nitronaproxen; AZD-3582, HCT-3012) 3375:van Faassen E, Vanin A (2004). "Nitric Oxide". 2548: 2546: 992: 441:Nitrosylation of metal centers, especially iron 5452:Andersson MC, Tobin G, Giglio D (April 2008). 4725: 4723: 4721: 4719: 4717: 1586:on mountain climbers, such as those who climb 1427:diabetic patient to be more likely to develop 531:concentration by inhibiting the conversion to 122:(eNOS). eNOS synthesizes NO from the terminal 6596:N-Acetyl-N-acetoxy-4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide 6155:Ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN; nitroglycol) 5976: 5279:"Inhaled nitric oxide in cardiology practice" 1671:(I/R), thereby protecting cardiac cells from 1390:Inhaled nitric oxide appears to increase the 724:). These insects deliver NO from its carrier 405:Molecular effects of NO on biological systems 8: 5757:. Massachusetts General Hospital. 2020-06-24 3930:"Max-Planck Society investigates misconduct" 838: 753: 281:also produces nitric oxide within the body. 5207:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3270:(6th ed.). New York: Garland Science. 951:In general: ℞ (Prescription only) 384:(meter of inflammation) in conditions like 6627: 6618: 6038: 5983: 5969: 5961: 5697: 5695: 3895:Corpas FJ, Barroso JB, Del Río LA (2004). 2490: 2488: 1614:It is found, that the naturally occurring 1077: 6339:Isobutyl nitrite (2-methylpropyl nitrite) 6249:Nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)) 5852: 5842: 5675: 5665: 5518: 5477: 5294: 5226: 5177: 5128: 5091: 5050: 4915: 4668: 4658: 4580: 4570: 4521: 4511: 4470: 4460: 4419: 4370: 4321: 4272: 4262: 4213: 4203: 4151: 4141: 4100: 4090: 4002: 3953: 3912: 3863: 3762: 3705: 3656: 3615: 3326: 3316: 3128: 3078: 3068: 2968: 2919: 2878: 2785: 2712: 2300: 2259: 2210: 1979: 1824: 1822: 1802: 1598:. Other studies speculate that replacing 1097: 5923:Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews 1594:, similar trials are being conducted at 413:of thiols and the nitrosylation of some 164: 7289: 6415:S-Nitrosocysteine (SNC, CysNO, SNO-Cys) 6405:S-Nitroso-N-valerylpenicillamine (SNVP) 2460: 2458: 1831:"Could the sun be good for your heart?" 1696: 1376:and increasing intracellular levels of 1259: 1239: 1057: 972: 684:Atmospheric nitric oxide can enter the 388:, interest has increased in the use of 6400:S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) 6274:Sodium trioxodinitrate (Angeli's salt) 5323:National Federation of the Blind (NFB) 3694:Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 2421:Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2283:Hezel MP, Weitzberg E (January 2015). 752: 70:As a consequence of its importance in 16:Functions of nitric oxide in organisms 4608:. In Monosson E, Cleveland C (eds.). 1926:van Faassen E, Vanin A, eds. (2007). 1886: 1884: 1536:Nitric oxide is also administered as 1164: 1144: 794: 7: 7235:non-selective PDE inhibitors (e.g., 6019:Nitric oxide (NO; nitrogen monoxide) 4821:Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 3266:Janeway, C. A.; et al. (2005). 2859:The Journal of Experimental Medicine 1569:. Brian Strickland, MD, a fellow in 1378:cyclic-guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate 900: 199:, popularly known by the trade name 20:Biological functions of nitric oxide 6259:Pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN) 6145:Diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN) 5879:Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 5338:The New England Journal of Medicine 5166:The New England Journal of Medicine 5117:The New England Journal of Medicine 4696:"Nitric oxide Use During Pregnancy" 1655:dependent manner, while increasing 1647:cells through the induction of the 1462:acute respiratory distress syndrome 1416:extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 1392:partial pressure of arterial oxygen 1284:extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 1124: 1117: 1008: 365:specialized pro-resolving mediators 207:(DNIC), and even nitrite anions (NO 7164:Indirect/downstream NO modulators: 6932:Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) 5384:The American Journal of Cardiology 5025:Lipina C, Hundal HS (April 2017). 5004:10.1097/01.CCM.0000251290.41866.2B 3377:Encyclopedia of Analytical Science 2252:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.103523 1855:The American Journal of Physiology 1443:The primary use is in the form of 728:, which is found in their saliva. 604:In plants, NO also regulates some 118:stimulate the production of NO by 14: 6962:Nitroarginine methyl ester (NAME) 6425:S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO, SNOG) 6395:S-Nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (SNAC) 6269:Propylene glycol dinitrate (PGDN) 6024:Nitrosonium (NO; nitrosyl cation) 5031:Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2658:. Austin, TX: Landes Bioscience. 2654:Gorczynski RM, Stanley J (1999). 2212:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.00933 1893:Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 1657:endothelial nitric oxide synthase 550:often show impaired NO pathways. 325:(IFN-γ) as a single signal or by 120:endothelial nitric oxide synthase 7292: 5419:European Journal of Pharmacology 4412:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04885.x 3914:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01058.x 3707:10.1097/00005344-200202000-00017 3550:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.11.011 1721:10.2174/138161280506230110111042 1511:to produce the damaging oxidant 1186: 761: 174:Exogenous NO (NO-delivery drugs) 6490:Diethylenetriamine/NO (DETA/NO) 5667:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1966-1969.2005 5549:Chemical & Engineering News 5458:British Journal of Pharmacology 3538:Pharmacology & Therapeutics 3350:van Faassen E, Vanin A (2007). 3109:Chemical Research in Toxicology 2171:. Berkeley Test. Archived from 1905:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.10.009 1867:10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.2.R823 1649:inducible nitric oxide synthase 1267:Key:MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 556:extracellular fluid homeostasis 487:Vasodilation and smooth muscles 331:transforming growth factor-beta 82:, nitric oxide was proclaimed " 6690:N-(1-Iminoethyl)-L-ornithine ( 5734:Massachusetts General Hospital 5219:10.1002/14651858.CD000399.pub3 4130:Journal of Experimental Botany 3840:"Nitrosative stress in plants" 3521:Rhoades RA, Tanner GA (2003). 2084:Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery 1575:Massachusetts General Hospital 1491:Nitric oxide is considered an 1189: 615:), development of lateral and 573:to decrease contractility and 497:damage due to low blood supply 1: 7273:Receptor/signaling modulators 6942:Guanidinoethyldisulfide (GED) 6160:Isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) 6150:Erythritol tetranitrate (ETN) 5396:10.1016/S0002-9149(96)00186-5 5296:10.1016/S0008-6363(99)00114-5 3865:10.1016/j.febslet.2007.01.006 3451:10.1016/S0168-8278(99)80270-0 3167:10.1016/S0006-291X(88)80015-9 2705:10.1128/IAI.61.2.689-698.1993 2582:Accounts of Chemical Research 1709:Current Pharmaceutical Design 1382:cGMP-dependent protein kinase 452:The iron-containing proteins 301:Nitric oxide is generated by 6410:S-Nitrosocaptopril (SNO-Cap) 6239:Nitroflurbiprofen (HCT-1026) 6234:Nitroatorvastatin (NCX-6560) 5844:10.1016/j.micinf.2020.05.002 5431:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.11.020 4949:Nature Reviews. Microbiology 4796:Food and Drug Administration 4092:10.1016/j.molcel.2013.12.020 3415:10.1016/0145-2126(95)00013-E 2921:10.4049/jimmunol.146.11.3971 2824:10.4049/jimmunol.145.12.4290 2778:10.1016/0165-2478(94)00158-8 2633:10.1016/0165-2478(90)90083-3 2594:10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00246 2349:Current Hypertension Reports 1797:(5). Dallas, Texas: 477–83. 1785:Ignarro LJ (November 1990). 1640:, increase NO production in 1620:delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol 211:) under hypoxic conditions 7315:Gaseous signaling molecules 6885:Aminoguanidine (pimagedine) 6778:Aminoguanidine (pimagedine) 6675:Aminoguanidine (pimagedine) 6439:N-Nitroso compounds (e.g., 6254:Nitropravastatin (NCX-6550) 6165:Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) 5542:Katsnelson A (2020-05-20). 4345:Hartman S (December 2021). 3617:10.1093/clinchem/46.10.1626 3482:10.1007/978-3-540-68964-5_2 2970:10.4049/jimmunol.154.7.3391 503:, nitric oxide acts in the 7341: 7171:AT-II receptor antagonists 6916:Nitroarginine (NNA, NOARG) 6753:1-Amino-2-hydroxyguanidine 6725:Nitroarginine (NNA, NOARG) 6472:Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) 5093:10.1161/ATVBAHA.115.306133 4764:"Inomax- nitric oxide gas" 4205:10.1038/s41467-019-12045-4 3379:(2nd ed.). Elsevier. 3202:10.1016/j.smim.2015.05.004 2397:10.1016/j.niox.2009.10.006 2061:10.1016/j.niox.2013.10.001 1960:Medicinal Research Reviews 1602:(which decimates NO) with 1176:Chemical and physical data 606:plant-pathogen interaction 569:Nitric oxide also acts on 7266: 5891:10.1007/s11010-006-2346-y 5775:Meredith S (2020-05-01). 4857:Equine Veterinary Journal 4833:10.1016/j.vaa.2016.11.015 4736:European Medicines Agency 4264:10.1016/j.cub.2017.09.006 4041:10.1007/s10534-013-9608-4 3946:10.1136/bmj.319.7205.274a 3809:10.1007/s00425-005-0205-9 3237:10.1007/s00011-015-0857-2 2362:10.1007/s11906-017-0725-2 1829:Weller R (January 2013). 1542:right ventricular failure 1290:function and oxygenation. 1250: 1230: 963: 780:Inomax, Noxivent, Genosyl 760: 205:dinitrosyl iron complexes 99:Nitric oxide biosynthesis 32:(nitrogen monoxide) is a 6650:3-Chloro-5-nitroindazole 6485:Diethylamine/NO (DEA/NO) 6457:Metal nitrosyl complexes 6385:S-Nitrosoalbumin (SNALB) 6079:Cinaciguat (BAY 58-2667) 3585:10.2174/1568014043355348 2553:Vinopal L (2019-07-19). 2465:Glazier E (2019-11-04). 2328:. Real World Health Care 1675:damage, probably by pre- 454:ribonucleotide reductase 447:metal nitrosyl complexes 218:Other, including dietary 7242:PDE9 inhibitors (e.g., 6730:Pentamidine isethionate 6640:3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole 6527:Heterocyclic compounds: 6051:Activators/stimulators: 5800:Riemer E (2020-06-23). 5702:Powell A (2020-05-06). 5596:Gander K (2020-04-07). 5283:Cardiovascular Research 4660:10.1073/pnas.0907262106 4572:10.1073/pnas.1213235110 3354:. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 3022:10.1126/science.1948068 2739:Journal of Inflammation 2523:Berman J (2019-01-29). 2324:Green SJ (2013-07-25). 1930:. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 1804:10.1161/01.hyp.16.5.477 1764:10.1126/science.1361684 1540:in patients with acute 1439:Pediatric and adult use 739:Deinococcus radiodurans 421:S-nitrosation of thiols 317:) as part of the human 295:dinitrosyl iron complex 94:Sources of nitric oxide 7199:L-Type calcium channel 5831:Microbes and Infection 5569:Cohan A (2020-07-26). 5520:10.4187/respcare.01373 4992:Critical Care Medicine 4363:10.1093/plphys/kiab415 4314:10.1093/plphys/kiab382 3318:10.1186/1476-069X-9-64 3190:Seminars in Immunology 3070:10.1073/pnas.89.7.3030 2693:Infection and Immunity 2472:The Times and Democrat 1580:Harvard Medical School 1466:pulmonary hypertension 1412:pulmonary hypertension 1370:endocannabinoid system 527:, which increases the 513:gastrointestinal tract 298: 170: 146:Nitric oxide synthases 130:and oxygen and yields 26:plays within biology. 6803:Cindunistat (SD-6010) 6758:2-Ethylaminoguanidine 6515:Spermine/NO (SPER/NO) 6312:O-Nitroso compounds ( 4611:Encyclopedia of Earth 4184:Nature Communications 3995:10.1093/aobpla/pls052 3928:Tuffs A (July 1999). 3755:10.1104/pp.104.042812 3658:10.1096/fj.04-1978com 3439:Journal of Hepatology 3225:Inflammation Research 2957:Journal of Immunology 2908:Journal of Immunology 2871:10.1084/jem.180.1.353 2812:Journal of Immunology 2495:Dahl M (2011-01-11). 2433:10.1038/clpt.2011.366 1861:(2 Pt 2): R823–R827. 1659:(eNOS) expression in 1651:(iNOS) activity in a 560:erection of the penis 493:dilates blood vessels 327:tumor necrosis factor 292: 168: 142:and other cofactors. 7189:receptor antagonists 6862:Ronopterin (VAS-203) 6561:Molsidomine (SIN-10) 6482:(diazeniumdiolates): 6462:Roussin's black salt 6175:Mannitol hexanitrate 5350:10.1056/NEJMra051884 5179:10.1056/NEJMoa061088 5139:10.1056/NEJMoa060442 4249:(20): 3183–3190.e4. 3297:Environmental Health 1596:Tufts Medical Center 390:exhaled nitric oxide 84:Molecule of the Year 6556:Linsidomine (SIN-1) 6453:Nitrosyl compounds: 6420:S-Nitrosodiclofenac 6390:S-Nitrosated AR545C 6375:S-Nitroso compounds 5709:The Harvard Gazette 5654:Journal of Virology 5043:10.1093/jmcb/mjx008 4961:10.1038/nrmicro1004 4740:. 17 September 2018 4651:2009PNAS..10618183P 4645:(43): 18183–18188. 4563:2013PNAS..110.1548L 4500:The New Phytologist 4462:10.1104/pp.16.00023 4255:2017CBio...27E3183V 4196:2019NatCo..10.4020H 4143:10.1093/jxb/eraa069 3856:2007FEBSL.581..453V 3801:2006Plant.224..246C 3309:2010EnvHe...9...64J 3061:1992PNAS...89.3030N 3014:1991Sci...254.1001W 3008:(5034): 1001–1003. 2656:Clinical Immunology 2530:The Washington Post 1756:1992Sci...258.1862C 1750:(5090): 1862–1865. 1571:Wilderness Medicine 1364:Mechanism of action 1348:Fatty liver disease 1332:Dosage and strength 1310:Associated problems 936:(Prescription only) 757: 732:Effects in bacteria 629:cellular organelles 7320:Nitrogen compounds 6467:Roussin's red salt 6324:Cyclohexyl nitrite 6215:Nipradilol (K-351) 5470:10.1038/bjp.2008.6 4702:. 21 November 2019 3604:Clinical Chemistry 3523:Medical physiology 2766:Immunology Letters 2621:Immunology Letters 2139:10.1038/nm0695-515 2006:Blood Purification 1663:hearts subject to 1610:Cardiac protection 1546:pulmonary embolism 1532:Pulmonary embolism 1501:reperfusion injury 718:Rhodnius proxlixus 704:Effects in insects 694:stunting of growth 617:adventitious roots 511:, abundant in the 481:cross-bridge cycle 429:groups, including 299: 197:Sildenafil citrate 171: 106:-derived factors, 53:signaling molecule 7280: 7279: 7105: 7096: 7079: 7078: 7012: 6990: 6989: 6910: 6906: 6897: 6893: 6890:N-(1-Iminoethyl)- 6856: 6852: 6843: 6839: 6836:N-(1-Iminoethyl)- 6830: 6826: 6823:N-(1-Iminoethyl)- 6763:2-Iminopiperidine 6719: 6715: 6706: 6702: 6693: 6615: 6344:Isopropyl nitrite 6290:Nitroso compounds 6132: 6117: 6116: 5935:10.1002/dmrr.1176 5344:(25): 2683–2695. 4917:10.1002/hep.27356 4869:10.1111/evj.13129 4614:. Washington DC: 4604:Hogan CM (2010). 4513:10.1111/nph.15157 4400:The Plant Journal 4136:(10): 3157–3171. 3651:(12): 1382–1391. 3610:(10): 1626–1630. 3491:978-3-540-68960-7 3403:Leukemia Research 3386:978-0-12-764100-3 3361:978-0-444-52236-8 3277:978-0-8153-4101-7 3121:10.1021/tx050283e 2914:(11): 3971–3976. 2818:(12): 4290–4297. 2665:978-1-57059-625-4 2302:10.1111/odi.12157 2018:10.1159/000063555 1972:10.1002/med.20151 1937:978-0-444-52236-8 1584:altitude sickness 1458:acute lung injury 1374:guanylate cyclase 1342:acute lung injury 1323:Contraindications 1275: 1274: 1221:Interactive image 944: 931: 865: 832: 815: 710:Cimex lectularius 623:, and control of 591:nitrate reductase 581:Effects on plants 505:nitrergic neurons 468:Guanylate cyclase 396:in diseases with 253:nitrate reductase 38:chemical compound 7332: 7297: 7296: 7295: 7288: 7206:dihydropyridines 7106:-arginine (NOHA) 7103: 7094: 7048:alpha aminoacids 7018:chlorogenic acid 7013:-arginine (NOHA) 7010: 6908: 6904: 6895: 6891: 6854: 6850: 6841: 6837: 6828: 6824: 6717: 6713: 6704: 6700: 6691: 6645:3-Chloroindazole 6628: 6619: 6609: 6307: 6306: 6244:Nitrofluvastatin 6228: 6227: 6170:Itramin tosilate 6126: 6039: 5985: 5978: 5971: 5962: 5955: 5954: 5917: 5911: 5910: 5873: 5867: 5866: 5856: 5846: 5837:(4–5): 168–171. 5822: 5816: 5815: 5813: 5812: 5797: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5787: 5772: 5766: 5765: 5763: 5762: 5751: 5745: 5744: 5742: 5741: 5726: 5720: 5719: 5717: 5716: 5699: 5690: 5689: 5679: 5669: 5660:(3): 1966–1969. 5645: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5620: 5614: 5613: 5611: 5610: 5593: 5587: 5586: 5584: 5583: 5566: 5560: 5559: 5557: 5556: 5539: 5533: 5532: 5522: 5507:Respiratory Care 5498: 5492: 5491: 5481: 5464:(7): 1438–1444. 5449: 5443: 5442: 5425:(2–3): 445–449. 5414: 5408: 5407: 5379: 5370: 5369: 5333: 5327: 5326: 5315: 5309: 5308: 5298: 5274: 5268: 5267: 5247: 5241: 5240: 5230: 5198: 5192: 5191: 5181: 5157: 5151: 5150: 5132: 5112: 5106: 5105: 5095: 5086:(9): 2011–2019. 5071: 5065: 5064: 5054: 5022: 5016: 5015: 4987: 4981: 4980: 4944: 4938: 4937: 4919: 4910:(6): 1929–1941. 4895: 4889: 4888: 4851: 4845: 4844: 4827:(5): 1139–1148. 4816: 4810: 4809: 4807: 4805: 4786: 4780: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4760: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4727: 4712: 4711: 4709: 4707: 4692: 4683: 4682: 4672: 4662: 4630: 4624: 4623: 4622:on June 8, 2013. 4618:. Archived from 4606:"Abiotic factor" 4601: 4595: 4594: 4584: 4574: 4557:(4): 1548–1553. 4542: 4536: 4535: 4525: 4515: 4491: 4485: 4484: 4474: 4464: 4455:(4): 2278–2294. 4449:Plant Physiology 4440: 4434: 4433: 4423: 4391: 4385: 4384: 4374: 4357:(4): 2346–2347. 4351:Plant Physiology 4342: 4336: 4335: 4325: 4308:(4): 2731–2748. 4302:Plant Physiology 4293: 4287: 4286: 4276: 4266: 4234: 4228: 4227: 4217: 4207: 4175: 4166: 4165: 4155: 4145: 4121: 4115: 4114: 4104: 4094: 4070: 4061: 4060: 4023: 4017: 4016: 4006: 3974: 3968: 3967: 3957: 3925: 3919: 3918: 3916: 3892: 3886: 3885: 3867: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3783: 3777: 3776: 3766: 3749:(1): 2722–2733. 3743:Plant Physiology 3734: 3728: 3727: 3709: 3685: 3679: 3678: 3660: 3636: 3630: 3629: 3619: 3595: 3589: 3588: 3568: 3562: 3561: 3533: 3527: 3526: 3518: 3512: 3511: 3469: 3463: 3462: 3445:(6): 1138–1145. 3433: 3427: 3426: 3397: 3391: 3390: 3372: 3366: 3365: 3347: 3341: 3340: 3330: 3320: 3288: 3282: 3281: 3263: 3257: 3256: 3220: 3214: 3213: 3185: 3179: 3178: 3150: 3144: 3142: 3132: 3100: 3094: 3092: 3082: 3072: 3055:(7): 3030–3034. 3040: 3034: 3033: 2997: 2991: 2990: 2972: 2963:(7): 3391–3395. 2948: 2942: 2941: 2923: 2899: 2893: 2892: 2882: 2850: 2844: 2843: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2789: 2761: 2755: 2754: 2733: 2727: 2726: 2716: 2684: 2678: 2677: 2651: 2645: 2644: 2612: 2606: 2605: 2588:(8): 2453–2461. 2577: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2567: 2550: 2541: 2540: 2538: 2537: 2520: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2507: 2492: 2483: 2482: 2480: 2479: 2462: 2453: 2452: 2427:(6): 1074–1082. 2415: 2409: 2408: 2380: 2374: 2373: 2343: 2337: 2336: 2334: 2333: 2321: 2315: 2314: 2304: 2280: 2274: 2273: 2263: 2231: 2225: 2224: 2214: 2205:(5): 1091–1102. 2190: 2184: 2183: 2181: 2180: 2165: 2159: 2158: 2122: 2116: 2115: 2079: 2073: 2072: 2044: 2038: 2037: 2000: 1994: 1993: 1983: 1951: 1942: 1941: 1923: 1917: 1916: 1888: 1879: 1878: 1849: 1843: 1842: 1837:. Archived from 1826: 1817: 1816: 1806: 1782: 1776: 1775: 1739: 1733: 1732: 1704: 1634:), appearing in 1472:Pharmacokinetics 1262:InChI=1S/NO/c1-2 1223: 1203: 1191: 1188: 1168: 1148: 1128: 1121: 1101: 1081: 1061: 1041: 1021: 1011: 1010: 996: 942: 939: 929: 926: 904: 863: 860: 842: 831: 828: 825: 814: 811: 798: 765: 758: 756: 690:vascular species 595:oxidative stress 501:neurotransmitter 477:protein kinase G 323:interferon-gamma 88:1998 Nobel Prize 42:chemical formula 7340: 7339: 7335: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7329: 7305: 7304: 7303: 7293: 7291: 7283: 7281: 7276: 7262: 7226:PDE5 inhibitors 7188: 7152: 7139: 7075: 7052: 6986: 6920: 6871: 6739: 6665:7-Nitroindazole 6660:6-Nitroindazole 6655:5-Nitroindazole 6608: 6600: 6377:(thionitrites): 6305: 6302: 6301: 6300: 6264:Propatylnitrate 6226: 6223: 6222: 6221: 6125: 6113: 6028: 6000: 5989: 5959: 5958: 5919: 5918: 5914: 5875: 5874: 5870: 5824: 5823: 5819: 5810: 5808: 5799: 5798: 5794: 5785: 5783: 5774: 5773: 5769: 5760: 5758: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5739: 5737: 5728: 5727: 5723: 5714: 5712: 5701: 5700: 5693: 5647: 5646: 5642: 5632: 5630: 5622: 5621: 5617: 5608: 5606: 5595: 5594: 5590: 5581: 5579: 5568: 5567: 5563: 5554: 5552: 5541: 5540: 5536: 5500: 5499: 5495: 5451: 5450: 5446: 5416: 5415: 5411: 5390:(13): 31C–37C. 5381: 5380: 5373: 5335: 5334: 5330: 5317: 5316: 5312: 5276: 5275: 5271: 5249: 5248: 5244: 5213:(1): CD000399. 5200: 5199: 5195: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5130:10.1.1.319.6088 5114: 5113: 5109: 5073: 5072: 5068: 5024: 5023: 5019: 4989: 4988: 4984: 4955:(10): 820–832. 4946: 4945: 4941: 4897: 4896: 4892: 4853: 4852: 4848: 4818: 4817: 4813: 4803: 4801: 4800:. 31 March 2001 4788: 4787: 4783: 4773: 4771: 4762: 4761: 4754: 4743: 4741: 4729: 4728: 4715: 4705: 4703: 4694: 4693: 4686: 4632: 4631: 4627: 4603: 4602: 4598: 4544: 4543: 4539: 4493: 4492: 4488: 4442: 4441: 4437: 4393: 4392: 4388: 4344: 4343: 4339: 4295: 4294: 4290: 4243:Current Biology 4236: 4235: 4231: 4177: 4176: 4169: 4123: 4122: 4118: 4072: 4071: 4064: 4025: 4024: 4020: 3976: 3975: 3971: 3927: 3926: 3922: 3901:New Phytologist 3894: 3893: 3889: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3785: 3784: 3780: 3736: 3735: 3731: 3687: 3686: 3682: 3638: 3637: 3633: 3597: 3596: 3592: 3570: 3569: 3565: 3535: 3534: 3530: 3525:(2nd ed.). 3520: 3519: 3515: 3492: 3471: 3470: 3466: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3399: 3398: 3394: 3387: 3374: 3373: 3369: 3362: 3349: 3348: 3344: 3290: 3289: 3285: 3278: 3265: 3264: 3260: 3231:(11): 845–852. 3222: 3221: 3217: 3187: 3186: 3182: 3152: 3151: 3147: 3102: 3101: 3097: 3042: 3041: 3037: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2950: 2949: 2945: 2901: 2900: 2896: 2852: 2851: 2847: 2808: 2807: 2803: 2763: 2762: 2758: 2735: 2734: 2730: 2686: 2685: 2681: 2666: 2653: 2652: 2648: 2614: 2613: 2609: 2579: 2578: 2574: 2565: 2563: 2552: 2551: 2544: 2535: 2533: 2522: 2521: 2514: 2505: 2503: 2494: 2493: 2486: 2477: 2475: 2464: 2463: 2456: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2382: 2381: 2377: 2345: 2344: 2340: 2331: 2329: 2323: 2322: 2318: 2282: 2281: 2277: 2233: 2232: 2228: 2192: 2191: 2187: 2178: 2176: 2167: 2166: 2162: 2127:Nature Medicine 2124: 2123: 2119: 2096:10.1038/nrd2466 2081: 2080: 2076: 2046: 2045: 2041: 2002: 2001: 1997: 1953: 1952: 1945: 1938: 1925: 1924: 1920: 1890: 1889: 1882: 1851: 1850: 1846: 1828: 1827: 1820: 1784: 1783: 1779: 1741: 1740: 1736: 1706: 1705: 1698: 1693: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1612: 1604:nasal breathing 1600:mouth breathing 1559: 1554: 1538:salvage therapy 1534: 1489: 1474: 1441: 1424: 1408: 1401: 1397: 1366: 1358: 1350: 1334: 1325: 1312: 1271: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1257: 1246: 1243: 1238: 1237: 1226: 1201: 1171: 1151: 1131: 1104: 1084: 1064: 1044: 1024: 1007: 999: 979: 976: 971: 970: 954: 908: 878: 871: 852: 845: 749: 734: 706: 610:nitrogen-fixing 583: 540:atherosclerosis 517:erectile tissue 489: 470: 443: 423: 407: 319:immune response 287: 285:Immune response 279:Nasal breathing 220: 210: 176: 101: 96: 65:ischemic damage 22:are roles that 17: 12: 11: 5: 7338: 7336: 7328: 7327: 7325:Nitrogen cycle 7322: 7317: 7307: 7306: 7302: 7301: 7278: 7277: 7267: 7264: 7263: 7261: 7260: 7250: 7247: 7240: 7233: 7223: 7213: 7196: 7186: 7182: 7167:ACE inhibitors 7160: 7159: 7154: 7150: 7146: 7141: 7137: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7109: 7108: 7099: 7087: 7085: 7081: 7080: 7077: 7076: 7074: 7073: 7068: 7062: 7060: 7054: 7053: 7051: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7006: 7000: 6998: 6992: 6991: 6988: 6987: 6985: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6928: 6926: 6922: 6921: 6919: 6918: 6913: 6900: 6887: 6881: 6879: 6873: 6872: 6870: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6846: 6833: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6749: 6747: 6741: 6740: 6738: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6709: 6696: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6636: 6634: 6625: 6616: 6602: 6601: 6599: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6569: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6538: 6523: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6475: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6449: 6448: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6370:-Butyl nitrite 6364: 6362:Pentyl nitrite 6359: 6357:-Butyl nitrite 6351: 6349:Methyl nitrite 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6314:alkyl nitrites 6303: 6285: 6284: 6279: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6224: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6135: 6133: 6119: 6118: 6115: 6114: 6112: 6111: 6102: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6047: 6045: 6036: 6030: 6029: 6027: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6010: 6008: 6002: 6001: 5990: 5988: 5987: 5980: 5973: 5965: 5957: 5956: 5929:(4): 331–340. 5912: 5885:(1–2): 75–83. 5868: 5817: 5792: 5767: 5746: 5721: 5691: 5640: 5615: 5588: 5561: 5534: 5513:(3): 444–448. 5493: 5444: 5409: 5371: 5328: 5310: 5289:(3): 628–638. 5269: 5258:(2): 266–271. 5242: 5193: 5172:(4): 343–353. 5152: 5123:(4): 354–364. 5107: 5066: 5017: 4998:(1): 290–292. 4982: 4939: 4890: 4846: 4811: 4781: 4752: 4713: 4684: 4625: 4596: 4537: 4506:(1): 259–274. 4486: 4435: 4406:(3): 492–500. 4386: 4337: 4288: 4229: 4167: 4116: 4085:(3): 369–379. 4079:Molecular Cell 4062: 4035:(2): 255–269. 4018: 3969: 3920: 3887: 3850:(3): 453–461. 3830: 3795:(2): 246–254. 3778: 3729: 3700:(2): 298–309. 3680: 3631: 3590: 3579:(3): 207–216. 3563: 3544:(2): 233–266. 3528: 3513: 3490: 3464: 3428: 3409:(8): 527–533. 3392: 3385: 3367: 3360: 3342: 3283: 3276: 3258: 3215: 3196:(3): 227–233. 3180: 3145: 3115:(3): 399–406. 3095: 3035: 2992: 2943: 2894: 2865:(1): 353–358. 2845: 2801: 2772:(1–2): 87–94. 2756: 2728: 2699:(2): 689–698. 2679: 2664: 2646: 2627:(1–3): 15–19. 2607: 2572: 2542: 2512: 2484: 2454: 2410: 2391:(2): 120–135. 2375: 2338: 2316: 2275: 2246:(3): 784–790. 2226: 2185: 2160: 2133:(6): 515–517. 2117: 2090:(2): 156–167. 2074: 2039: 2012:(5): 466–468. 1995: 1966:(5): 683–741. 1943: 1936: 1918: 1899:(1): 216–236. 1880: 1844: 1841:on 2014-02-16. 1818: 1777: 1734: 1715:(6): 417–441. 1695: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1681:cardiomyocytes 1631: 1627: 1623: 1611: 1608: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1533: 1530: 1507:) reacts with 1488: 1485: 1473: 1470: 1440: 1437: 1423: 1420: 1407: 1404: 1399: 1395: 1365: 1362: 1357: 1356:Lung infection 1354: 1349: 1346: 1333: 1330: 1324: 1321: 1311: 1308: 1292: 1291: 1287: 1273: 1272: 1270: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1253: 1252: 1251: 1248: 1247: 1245: 1244: 1241: 1233: 1232: 1231: 1228: 1227: 1225: 1224: 1216: 1214: 1206: 1205: 1199: 1193: 1192: 1184: 1178: 1177: 1173: 1172: 1170: 1169: 1161: 1159: 1153: 1152: 1150: 1149: 1141: 1139: 1133: 1132: 1130: 1129: 1122: 1114: 1112: 1106: 1105: 1103: 1102: 1094: 1092: 1086: 1085: 1083: 1082: 1074: 1072: 1066: 1065: 1063: 1062: 1054: 1052: 1046: 1045: 1043: 1042: 1034: 1032: 1026: 1025: 1023: 1022: 1014: 1012: 1001: 1000: 998: 997: 989: 987: 981: 980: 978: 977: 974: 966: 965: 964: 961: 960: 956: 955: 953: 952: 949: 937: 923: 921: 915: 914: 910: 909: 907: 906: 893: 891: 885: 884: 881: 879:administration 873: 872: 870: 869: 867: 857: 855: 847: 846: 844: 843: 826: 808: 806: 800: 799: 792: 782: 781: 778: 772: 771: 767: 766: 748: 745: 733: 730: 705: 702: 663:plant hormones 656:abiotic stress 582: 579: 571:cardiac muscle 488: 485: 469: 466: 442: 439: 422: 419: 415:metalloenzymes 406: 403: 286: 283: 257:saliva testing 219: 216: 208: 175: 172: 100: 97: 95: 92: 67:in the liver. 57:nitroglycerine 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7337: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7312: 7310: 7300: 7290: 7286: 7275: 7274: 7271: 7265: 7258: 7254: 7251: 7248: 7245: 7241: 7238: 7234: 7231: 7227: 7224: 7221: 7217: 7214: 7211: 7207: 7203: 7200: 7197: 7194: 7190: 7183: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7165: 7162: 7161: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7111: 7110: 7107: 7100: 7098: 7092: 7089: 7088: 7086: 7082: 7072: 7069: 7067: 7066:Calmidazolium 7064: 7063: 7061: 7059: 7055: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7001: 6999: 6997: 6993: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6929: 6927: 6923: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6901: 6899: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6878: 6874: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6847: 6845: 6834: 6832: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6750: 6748: 6746: 6742: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6710: 6708: 6697: 6695: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6637: 6635: 6633: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6620: 6617: 6613: 6607: 6603: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6571: 6570: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6528: 6525: 6524: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6477: 6476: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6454: 6451: 6450: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6371: 6369: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6356: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6334:Hexyl nitrite 6332: 6330: 6329:Ethyl nitrite 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6309: 6297: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6286: 6283: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6137: 6136: 6134: 6130: 6124: 6120: 6110: 6107: 6104: 6103: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6049: 6048: 6046: 6044: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6031: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6011: 6009: 6007: 6003: 5999: 5996: 5993: 5986: 5981: 5979: 5974: 5972: 5967: 5966: 5963: 5952: 5948: 5944: 5940: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5916: 5913: 5908: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5872: 5869: 5864: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5836: 5832: 5828: 5821: 5818: 5807: 5803: 5796: 5793: 5782: 5778: 5771: 5768: 5756: 5750: 5747: 5735: 5731: 5725: 5722: 5711: 5710: 5705: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5687: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5659: 5655: 5651: 5644: 5641: 5629: 5625: 5619: 5616: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5592: 5589: 5578: 5577: 5576:Boston Herald 5572: 5565: 5562: 5551: 5550: 5545: 5538: 5535: 5530: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5497: 5494: 5489: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5463: 5459: 5455: 5448: 5445: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5413: 5410: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5393: 5389: 5385: 5378: 5376: 5372: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5355: 5351: 5347: 5343: 5339: 5332: 5329: 5324: 5320: 5314: 5311: 5306: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5288: 5284: 5280: 5273: 5270: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5246: 5243: 5238: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5208: 5204: 5197: 5194: 5189: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5171: 5167: 5163: 5156: 5153: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5131: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5111: 5108: 5103: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5070: 5067: 5062: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5044: 5040: 5037:(2): 91–103. 5036: 5032: 5028: 5021: 5018: 5013: 5009: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4986: 4983: 4978: 4974: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4958: 4954: 4950: 4943: 4940: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4894: 4891: 4886: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4858: 4850: 4847: 4842: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4815: 4812: 4799: 4797: 4791: 4785: 4782: 4769: 4765: 4759: 4757: 4753: 4739: 4737: 4732: 4731:"Inomax EPAR" 4726: 4724: 4722: 4720: 4718: 4714: 4701: 4697: 4691: 4689: 4685: 4680: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4629: 4626: 4621: 4617: 4613: 4612: 4607: 4600: 4597: 4592: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4541: 4538: 4533: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4514: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4490: 4487: 4482: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4439: 4436: 4431: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4390: 4387: 4382: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4348: 4341: 4338: 4333: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4292: 4289: 4284: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4233: 4230: 4225: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4189: 4185: 4181: 4174: 4172: 4168: 4163: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4120: 4117: 4112: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4069: 4067: 4063: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4022: 4019: 4014: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3973: 3970: 3965: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3940:(7205): 274. 3939: 3935: 3931: 3924: 3921: 3915: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3891: 3888: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3834: 3831: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3782: 3779: 3774: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3733: 3730: 3725: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3684: 3681: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3659: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3645:FASEB Journal 3642: 3635: 3632: 3627: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3594: 3591: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3567: 3564: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3532: 3529: 3524: 3517: 3514: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3468: 3465: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3432: 3429: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3396: 3393: 3388: 3382: 3378: 3371: 3368: 3363: 3357: 3353: 3346: 3343: 3338: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3287: 3284: 3279: 3273: 3269: 3262: 3259: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3219: 3216: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3184: 3181: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3149: 3146: 3140: 3136: 3131: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3099: 3096: 3090: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3039: 3036: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2996: 2993: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2947: 2944: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2898: 2895: 2890: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2849: 2846: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2805: 2802: 2797: 2793: 2788: 2787:2027.42/31140 2783: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2760: 2757: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2732: 2729: 2724: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2683: 2680: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2661: 2657: 2650: 2647: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2611: 2608: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2576: 2573: 2562: 2561: 2556: 2549: 2547: 2543: 2532: 2531: 2526: 2519: 2517: 2513: 2502: 2498: 2491: 2489: 2485: 2474: 2473: 2468: 2461: 2459: 2455: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2414: 2411: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2379: 2376: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2350: 2342: 2339: 2327: 2320: 2317: 2312: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2289:Oral Diseases 2286: 2279: 2276: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2230: 2227: 2222: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2189: 2186: 2175:on 2013-10-04 2174: 2170: 2164: 2161: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2121: 2118: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2078: 2075: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2043: 2040: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 1999: 1996: 1991: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1950: 1948: 1944: 1939: 1933: 1929: 1922: 1919: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1887: 1885: 1881: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1848: 1845: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1814: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1781: 1778: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1738: 1735: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1690: 1688: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1643: 1639: 1638: 1621: 1617: 1609: 1607: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1588:Mount Everest 1585: 1581: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1556: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1544:secondary to 1543: 1539: 1531: 1529: 1526: 1520: 1518: 1514: 1513:peroxynitrite 1510: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1494: 1486: 1484: 1482: 1477: 1471: 1469: 1467: 1464:, and severe 1463: 1459: 1455: 1450: 1446: 1445:nitroglycerin 1438: 1436: 1434: 1430: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1405: 1403: 1393: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1363: 1361: 1355: 1353: 1347: 1345: 1343: 1339: 1338:methemoglobin 1331: 1329: 1322: 1320: 1318: 1309: 1307: 1303: 1300: 1296: 1288: 1285: 1280: 1279: 1278: 1265: 1260: 1256: 1249: 1240: 1236: 1229: 1222: 1218: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1207: 1200: 1198: 1194: 1185: 1183: 1179: 1174: 1167: 1166:ChEMBL1200689 1163: 1162: 1160: 1158: 1154: 1147: 1143: 1142: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1127: 1123: 1120: 1116: 1115: 1113: 1111: 1107: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1080: 1076: 1075: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1060: 1056: 1055: 1053: 1051: 1047: 1040: 1036: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1027: 1020: 1016: 1015: 1013: 1006: 1002: 995: 991: 990: 988: 986: 982: 973: 969: 962: 957: 950: 948: 938: 935: 925: 924: 922: 920: 916: 911: 903: 898: 895: 894: 892: 890: 886: 882: 880: 874: 868: 859: 858: 856: 854: 848: 841: 836: 827: 824: 819: 810: 809: 807: 805: 801: 797: 793: 791: 787: 783: 779: 777: 773: 770:Clinical data 768: 764: 759: 751: 746: 744: 741: 740: 731: 729: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 703: 701: 699: 695: 691: 687: 682: 680: 676: 675:Abscisic acid 672: 668: 664: 659: 657: 654:and controls 653: 649: 644: 642: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 611: 607: 602: 600: 596: 592: 588: 580: 578: 576: 572: 567: 565: 561: 557: 551: 549: 545: 541: 536: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 509:smooth muscle 506: 502: 498: 494: 491:Nitric oxide 486: 484: 482: 478: 473: 467: 465: 463: 459: 455: 450: 448: 440: 438: 436: 432: 428: 420: 418: 416: 412: 404: 402: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 382:inflammometer 378: 376: 373: 370: 366: 361: 356: 354: 353:iron-nitrosyl 350: 346: 345: 340: 339:free radicals 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 296: 291: 284: 282: 280: 276: 272: 270: 267: 263: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 232: 229: 225: 217: 215: 212: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 185:Nitroglycerin 182: 173: 167: 163: 160: 154: 151: 147: 143: 141: 137: 133: 129: 126:-nitrogen of 125: 121: 117: 113: 112:acetylcholine 109: 105: 98: 93: 91: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 68: 66: 62: 58: 54: 50: 47: 43: 39: 35: 31: 27: 25: 21: 7269: 7268: 7244:paraxanthine 7220:beta blocker 7163: 7112: 7090: 6894:-ornithine ( 6827:-ornithine ( 6572: 6551:Feprosidnine 6546:Sydnonimines 6544: 6529: 6526: 6478: 6455: 6452: 6441:nitrosamines 6438: 6373: 6367: 6354: 6311: 6288: 6138: 6105: 6084:GSK-2181236A 6050: 5992:Nitric oxide 5926: 5922: 5915: 5882: 5878: 5871: 5834: 5830: 5820: 5809:. Retrieved 5795: 5784:. Retrieved 5770: 5759:. Retrieved 5749: 5738:. Retrieved 5736:. 2020-06-24 5724: 5713:. Retrieved 5707: 5657: 5653: 5643: 5631:. Retrieved 5627: 5618: 5607:. Retrieved 5601: 5591: 5580:. Retrieved 5574: 5564: 5553:. Retrieved 5547: 5537: 5510: 5506: 5496: 5461: 5457: 5447: 5422: 5418: 5412: 5387: 5383: 5341: 5337: 5331: 5322: 5313: 5286: 5282: 5272: 5255: 5251: 5245: 5210: 5206: 5196: 5169: 5165: 5155: 5120: 5116: 5110: 5083: 5079: 5069: 5034: 5030: 5020: 4995: 4991: 4985: 4952: 4948: 4942: 4907: 4903: 4893: 4863:(1): 76–82. 4860: 4856: 4849: 4824: 4820: 4814: 4802:. Retrieved 4793: 4784: 4772:. Retrieved 4767: 4742:. Retrieved 4734: 4704:. Retrieved 4699: 4642: 4638: 4628: 4620:the original 4609: 4599: 4554: 4550: 4540: 4523:11343/283842 4503: 4499: 4489: 4452: 4448: 4438: 4403: 4399: 4389: 4354: 4350: 4340: 4305: 4301: 4291: 4246: 4242: 4232: 4187: 4183: 4133: 4129: 4119: 4082: 4078: 4032: 4028: 4021: 3986: 3982: 3972: 3937: 3933: 3923: 3907:(2): 246–7. 3904: 3900: 3890: 3847: 3844:FEBS Letters 3843: 3833: 3792: 3788: 3781: 3746: 3742: 3732: 3697: 3693: 3683: 3648: 3644: 3634: 3607: 3603: 3593: 3576: 3572: 3566: 3541: 3537: 3531: 3522: 3516: 3473: 3467: 3442: 3438: 3431: 3406: 3402: 3395: 3376: 3370: 3351: 3345: 3300: 3296: 3286: 3267: 3261: 3228: 3224: 3218: 3193: 3189: 3183: 3161:(1): 87–94. 3158: 3154: 3148: 3112: 3108: 3098: 3052: 3048: 3038: 3005: 3001: 2995: 2960: 2956: 2946: 2911: 2907: 2897: 2862: 2858: 2848: 2815: 2811: 2804: 2769: 2765: 2759: 2745:(1): 23–31. 2742: 2738: 2731: 2696: 2692: 2682: 2655: 2649: 2624: 2620: 2610: 2585: 2581: 2575: 2564:. Retrieved 2558: 2534:. Retrieved 2528: 2504:. Retrieved 2500: 2476:. Retrieved 2470: 2424: 2420: 2413: 2388: 2385:Nitric Oxide 2384: 2378: 2353: 2347: 2341: 2330:. Retrieved 2319: 2292: 2288: 2278: 2243: 2240:Hypertension 2239: 2229: 2202: 2199:Hypertension 2198: 2188: 2177:. 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