555:): 14 species recorded in total for the country (All 14 recorded for Trinidad, and possibly 6 recorded for Tobago. Four species are marine, with at least 4 being noted off Tobago, with at least 3 of those regularly breeding on both islands. Four are confirmed native terrestrial system species of Trinidad (1 of these is possibly a waif on Tobago). One is possibly a long introduced species on both islands that is still present in the wild in some areas of Trinidad, but unconfirmed in the wild in Tobago. One is very recently introduced in Trinidad from North America and it is unconfirmed if it is breeding in the wild. Three are possibly occasional waifs to Trinidad from the nearby continent with no verified local breeding populations).
866:
466:
4289:
3881:
63:
576:): 31 confirmed records for the country in total (2 of those not yet 'officially' documented). (Of the 31 confirmed records, 27 are from Trinidad, with at least 7 relatively recent historical introductions with 1 of these subsequently assumed to have been extirpated. Nineteen are from Tobago, with at least 3 relatively recent historical introductions there. Four of those from Tobago are not found on Trinidad. In addition to the 31 confirmed records, there are at least 3 species records that are dubious).
348:
207:
1700:
262:
583:): 50 accepted records for the country in total (1 of these not yet 'officially' documented). (Of these 50 records, 45 are from Trinidad and 22 are from Tobago, with 5 of those from Tobago not being recorded from Trinidad. Of the 50 records for the country, 7 species are known from just 1 or 2 records. In addition to the 50 generally accepted confirmed records, there are at least 2 dubious records).
239:
on the South
American mainland. Trinidad is nearer to mainland South America and has been directly connected to the mainland via land bridges more often and for longer periods than Tobago. This, as well as Trinidad's larger size and more varied topography and hydrology compared to that of Tobago allow greater species and ecosystem diversity on the former compared to that on the later of the islands.
125:
1521:
995:) is the smallest crocodilian species in the world, measuring a maximum of only 7 feet (2.1 m) in length, and is found on the island of Trinidad (absent in Tobago) where it inhabits forested riverine habitats and areas of the flooded forest around lakes. They prefer rivers and streams with fast-flowing water. It is generally considered that the few records of both the American crocodile (
1713:
22:
989:), which may grow up to a maximum of about 8 feet (2.4 m) in length, but are usually somewhat smaller, are to be found throughout both islands in slow moving freshwater (including reservoirs) or brackish water along the coasts. They are shy creatures and pose no real threat to humans unless intentionally provoked or approached while nesting. The Cuvier's dwarf caiman (
1785:
Whales and dolphins were far more common to
Trinidad and Tobago's waters in earlier times, but the very rigorous whaling industry of the 19th century decimated the population of whales in the Gulf of Paria (called 'Golfo de Balena' or Gulf of Whales by Christopher Columbus). Today, dolphins may still
473:
472 species of birds have been recorded in
Trinidad and Tobago (and the list of recorded species seems be still slowly increasing from year to year). There are few places in the world where so many birds can be seen in such a small area (with probably one of the highest bird species to area ratios of
238:
are lower than in the rest of the
Caribbean because there has been less time for genetic isolation from mainland populations because of the history of land bridge connections and hence fewer opportunities for speciation, and so a greater proportion of the species in Trinidad and Tobago are also found
1781:
As mentioned in the section above on the reptilian fauna of
Trinidad and Tobago, a number of species of marine turtles including the leatherback turtle, hawksbill turtle, loggerhead turtle, olive ridley turtle and green sea turtle frequent the waters around and/or nest on some of the beaches of both
1489:
Fatal venomous snake bite accidents in
Trinidad are fairly uncommon. It is unfortunate to note that although all snakes (with the exception of the potentially dangerous vipers and corals) are protected by law in Trinidad and Tobago, the human population at large is not generally tolerant of snakes,
533:
The best sources of information regarding the recorded amphibians and reptiles of
Trinidad and Tobago to date are Murphy (1997) and Boos (2001). Since those publications, a few new records as well as several taxonomic changes have been made (Murphy and Downie, 2012). The herpetofaunal list is at
975:
All the marine turtle species are threatened by illegal hunting activity and as the bycatch of gillnet fishing. Nevertheless, there has been great success achieved by measures taken to educate the public and ensure species conservation since the 1970s. Beaches on
Trinidad's northern and eastern
1797:
The waters of Tobago are less affected by the outflow of fresh water from the
Orinoco and as such are far more saline and clearer than that of Trinidad. A number of coral reefs are thus able to exist around Tobago, the most famous being the Buccoo Reef. Tobago's reefs are reputedly home to the
370:
Trinidad and Tobago is home to about 99 species of terrestrial mammals. About 65 of the mammalian species in the islands are bats (including cave roosting, tree and cavity roosting bats and even foliage-tent-making bats; all with widely differing diets from nectar and fruit, to insects, small
1773:
Trinidad's western and southern coastal waters are highly influenced by the outflow of freshwater from the adjacent
Orinoco River of Venezuela which is less than 8 miles (13 km) away from Trinidad at the closest point. As such, the waters here are fairly low in salinity and high in
785:) is commonly heard at night calling from wet grassy ditches in open habitats in both urban and rural areas on both islands and their foam nests are found even in small road and trail side puddles during the rainy season. Other frogs in the same family include Turpin's litter frog (
1460:) endemic to the forest and edge habitats of northeastern Tobago. There are no dangerous venomous snakes on Tobago. There are only four dangerous venomous snakes on Trinidad. These include two vipers, and two coral snakes. The vipers (the true mapepires) are the mapepire balsain (
541:): 37 species in total for the country. (33 recorded from Trinidad and 15 recorded on Tobago, with 4 of those from Tobago not known from Trinidad, and 2 of those from Trinidad known from just one specimen each. There is one introduced species, known on both Trinidad and Tobago).
757:)) both demonstrate a degree of parental care as the tadpoles are transported on the backs of the adult males before a suitable fairly predator-free body of water is found where they may be left to develop. Other frogs native to Tobago are the eastern glass frog (
1774:
sediment/nutrient content and relatively shallow. These facts coupled with the highly sheltered nature of the Gulf of Paria and the Columbus Channel respectively, create ideal breeding/spawning grounds for many marine fishes and invertebrates, including shrimp.
1793:
Whale sharks (the largest of all fishes) have been observed around the oil rigs in the southern part of the Gulf of Paria. Hammerhead sharks are commonly caught by fishermen and shark flesh is considered a delicacy among the human population of both islands.
631:) in which the tadpoles of the species are approximately 25 cm long and the adults shrink to about 6.5 - 7.5 cm; this reduction of size from the tadpole to the sexually mature adult is how the species received its common name. The Amazon River frog (
1334:). Anacondas (locally called the huille) have been historically found around streams, rivers and swamps in southern and eastern Trinidad, and recently also in the Caroni River drainage system. They have not been reported from Tobago. Three other boas, namely
1473:). The former is fairly common in primary and secondary forested areas of Trinidad (particularly so in the Northern Range), and the later is a very rarely encountered primary rainforest specialist in Trinidad. The two coral snakes are the small coral snake (
1490:
and even harmless snakes found near human dwellings, farms and gardens are often killed on sight. More public awareness is needed to dispel misconceptions about snakes as well as to sensitize the population to the ecological importance of snakes.
775:) can be heard at night in loud metallic 'tinking' choruses in urban residential neighbourhood yards and parks from Diego Martin to Sangre Grande in Trinidad, and more recently in southwestern Tobago. The tungara frog or locally called the
1647:
The Caroni Swamp on the west coast of Trinidad has a fairly high level of salinity (compared to other major wetlands on the island) and is an important breeding and feeding habitat for several bird species (including magnificent flocks of
1284:
or the streak lizard as it is locally known, is very common and can be seen in most suburban and even urban backyards in Trinidad (and is probably relatively recently introduced to some parts Tobago associated with human occupation).
1559:) (over 10 inches (250 mm) long) may be found particularly in the drier forests of the Northwestern Peninsular of Trinidad (the Chaguaramas Peninsular) as well as the nearby tiny off shore islands such as the giant centipede (
218:
Trinidad and Tobago are continental islands with a geologically very recent history of direct land bridge connection to South America. As a result, unlike most of the Caribbean Islands, Trinidad and Tobago supports a primarily
534:
present in a state of flux, as taxonomy and systematics continue to be revised. To date (July 2014), the generally accepted recorded numbers of species of the various major groups of amphibians and reptiles are as follows:
1135:
from southwest Trinidad in 2023 is considered a very rare native species that has gone unnoticed or a recent introduction is yet to be determined. Other common lizards include macro-teiids (or whip-tailed lizards) such as
625:), the tadpoles of which develop in the skin tissue of the mother's back, before bursting out and emerging as miniature replicas of the adult frogs. Another unusual frog found in Trinidad is the paradoxical frog (
371:
vertebrates such as fish, frogs, small birds and rodents and even those that consume vertebrate blood). The next most diverse group of mammals in the islands are the rodents. The largest of these rodents are the
643:), known locally as the giant flying frog, is commonly heard calling after dusk from the vegetation along forest-lined streams in Trinidad. Other frogs of the same genus include the banana tree dwelling frog (
861:
species) (a legless highly aquatic amphibian with an eel-like body that is rarely observed due to its habitat specifications) although only one specimen has ever been scientifically documented from Trinidad.
562:): 4 species recorded in total for the country (two are known to be native and breeding on Trinidad, with one of those breeding in Tobago, while the other 2 were occasionally historically recorded as waifs).
199:
1659:
status of wetland of international importance. It and its associated river system of canals and rivers is home to a vast array of aquatic life, including a very small population of the highly endangered
1777:
Various 'sporting' fish are present in the waters of both islands and include huge grouper, marlin, barracuda and dolphin-fish. Fish popularly caught and eaten include carite, kingfish and red snapper.
619:) is found in the cane fields, rice fields and other open agricultural areas of Trinidad (absent in Tobago). The strangest of all Trinidad's frogs is the highly aquatic Suriname toad or pipa toad (
447:
monkey was introduced to the northwestern peninsula of Trinidad during World War II and is now naturalized there. No monkeys remain extant on Tobago. For comments on native aquatic mammals (namely
972:) is considered amongst the world's 100 most invasive species and has been found in Trinidad as escaped or released pets, though they are not known to form a breeding population on the island.
1565:), the largest centipede species in the world. A few species of large tarantulas may be found in forested areas and even in houses at the forest edge such as the Trinidad chevron tarantula (
1022:, known as 'two headed' snakes on Trinidad. They spend much of their lives burrowing in the soil in forest or forest-edge areas and are often associated with the nests of leaf-cutter ants
3062:
980:
and a few community run conservation organizations help to maintain the nesting habitats, deter poaching and to bring sustainable revenue generated via ecotourism into their communities.
637:) is found near ponds, slow flowing rivers and other permanent water sources, usually in tropical forests, in the Central Range of Trinidad (not located in Tobago). The giant tree frog (
2583:
2142:
1599:
Many species of crustaceans (terrestrial, freshwater and marine) are among the other invertebrates that may be easily observed in Trinidad and Tobago such as the Caribbean hermit crab (
2321:
1798:
largest examples of brain coral. Also present are huge and gentle manta rays, impressive moray eels, parrot fish, angel fish and a host of other colourful tropical coral reef species.
3118:
1790:
peninsula. Pilot whales have been observed to beach themselves on a few occasions during the 1990s and a small pod of killer whales were caught in a fisherman's net during the 1980s.
1352:(a rainbow boa) are found in forest and forest edge habitats throughout both islands (with the last even being common in some urban areas). Several harmless snakes in the subfamilies
916:
catchment where it inhabits stagnant or slow-moving waters of marshes, ponds and streams in or near primary rainforests and gallery forests. The land dwelling yellow-footed tortoise (
2523:
2114:
2978:
1827:
2265:
2877:
1938:
1691:
is a common native fish; particularly so in the mountain streams of Trinidad, where it has served as a model organism for several important ecological and evolutionary studies.
1537:), and beetles are to be found on the islands, many in the tropical forests. Barcant (1970) lists 617 species of butterfly for the two islands of which 123 occur on Tobago. The
494:. However, the variety (although quite exceptional for such a small geographic area) is somewhat impoverished compared to the mainland, as would be expected with small islands.
3237:
3034:
2709:
2639:
1583:). The arthropod life of Trinidad and Tobago has not been well studied and it is an entomologist's paradise waiting to be discovered, with many species remaining undocumented.
3090:
2737:
2293:
3146:
2086:
1994:
2611:
1503:
1236:) is in the same genus as the Greater Windward skink and also shares similar habitats with its relative in Trinidad (not Tobago). Nocturnally active geckos of the genera
3391:
2932:
2765:
2395:
3441:
3006:
2349:
2793:
1882:
739:) can be found in the lowland forests, the edges of forest and montane rainforests in the northern region of Trinidad (not Tobago). The two frog species of the genus
3330:
1966:
1910:
3461:
3451:
1531:
Trinidad and Tobago are extremely rich in neotropical invertebrate fauna. Several hundred species of butterflies, including the brilliant blue emperor butterfly (
3416:
1734:
35:
1687:
There are many small rivers and streams throughout the islands. Over 40 species of freshwater fish have been recorded in Trinidad and Tobago. The world-famous
1176:) is found in the semi-deciduous forests, evergreen montane forests and some disturbed areas of both islands. Among the micro-teiids (or spectacled lizards),
1220:(described in 2012) found in the rainforest areas, coconut trash, and cultivated and disturbed areas of both Trinidad and Tobago. The Lesser Windward skink (
1043:) makes its home in primary lower montane and montane forest at the mouths of caves and cool stream banks on the high peaks, ridges and high valleys of the
816:
being endemic to Tobago. The southwestern peninsula of Trinidad is home to a rather diverse community of frogs, with at least one, the Trinidad ditch frog (
2450:
508:
Tobago has only about half the number of bird species of Trinidad, but about 22 birds have been reported only from Tobago, including 12 breeding species.
3599:
3531:
3365:
1644:
The Bon Accord Lagoon on Tobago is a vital mangrove habitat and home to a population of spectacled caimans as well as a number of wetland bird species.
2432:
2247:
938:) tends to prefer calm, fresh-water backwaters and isolated ponds of Trinidad (absent in Tobago). The painted wood-turtle, locally known as the galap (
4420:
3546:
3500:
3298:
2896:
598:), found only in the giant epiphitic bromeliads at the mist-shrouded summits of Trinidad's two highest peaks, as well as the Mount Tucuche tree frog (
4098:
4083:
3690:
3675:
3411:
3230:
1511:
1507:
944:), is found in and near rivers, streams and swamps in Trinidad, and has appeared on occasion as a waif on Tobago. The odd Orinoco mata mata turtle (
3519:
3396:
1553:) are easily observed, even in sub-urban environments. Soldier ants may be observed in forested areas. The largest specimens of centipedes (genus
1366:(locally called the tigre in Trinidad and the black snake in Tobago) found in forest and forest edge habitats, and the rarer more forest dwelling
1864:
3609:
3355:
3350:
1807:
1515:
361:
1411:
are typically nocturnal and some of the more commonly observed species present even in suburban areas on both islands are the false mapepire (
4477:
3505:
3360:
3283:
966:) are occasional accidental visitors to Trinidad due to heavy rain fall and increased flooding from mainland South America. The pond slider (
528:
4410:
4002:
3401:
3308:
1248:
are common in old and rural buildings on both islands and are commonly referred to as mabouyas and wood slaves respectively. These include
769:) which is endemic to the island and is found near forest and grassland streams. The relatively recently introduced Grenadian 'tink' frog (
460:
1031:
There are a number of lizards ranging in size from just over an inch or two in length to the huge 6-foot (1.8 m) long green iguana (
3541:
3421:
3223:
609:
592:), locally known as the crapaud on both islands, and the tiny colourful rare endemic species known as the El Tucuche golden tree frog (
3556:
3278:
1401:
are endemics to Trinidad's Northern Range and Tobago's Main Ridge respectively. Another member of the genus found on both islands is
3594:
3551:
3431:
3426:
3340:
1760:
1161:
252:
211:
185:
167:
106:
84:
49:
41:
1388:) and are common in forest and forest edge habitats, even in some suburban areas of both islands. Among the Colubrinae, the loras
3446:
3406:
3318:
1148:(most readily seen along some coastal areas of southwestern Tobago and on Trinidad's east and south coasts and on the islands of
1372:(or yellow-tailed cribo) can be found on both islands. Smaller well known members of the subfamily include the machete couesse (
4390:
4253:
4173:
4012:
3982:
3845:
3765:
3561:
3456:
3436:
3379:
3335:
2849:
765:
440:
248:
134:
2695:
3628:
3576:
3480:
3255:
2188:"The Herpetology of Trinidad and Tobago: Charlotteville Litter Frog, Pristimantis charlottevillensis (Family Craugastoridae)"
1738:
1620:
There are nine species of scorpions in Trinidad and Tobago including the medically important Trinidad thick-tailed scorpion (
1047:
of Trinidad and is found nowhere else on earth. Found in forest, forest edge and savanna habitats, the cryptic golden tegu (
4415:
4007:
2863:
2667:
865:
4345:
2187:
1499:
1434:) a habitat specialist of freshwater and brackish water systems of lowland Trinidad, the mainly diurnal beh belle chemin (
4330:
3922:
4395:
4263:
4076:
3987:
3855:
3668:
3637:
3604:
3566:
3536:
3303:
3263:
2477:
2229:
2215:
2201:
1291:
is also found in forest and edge habitats in the Northern and Central Ranges of Trinidad, as well as the Bocas Islands.
876:
Terrapins, tortoises and marine turtles make their homes on and around these islands. The giant leatherback sea turtle (
771:
1119:
is a Trinidad native, with all the other previous anoles mentioned being relatively recent or historically introduced.
4335:
3589:
3584:
3293:
2569:
1232:
759:
729:
673:
1303:
from Trinidad and Tobago, but as of 2018 it is believed that these are in error and based on misidentifications with
1007:) in the waters and on the coasts of Trinidad and Tobago were, for the most part, waifs from mainland South America.
906:) are marine species that either nest on the islands' beaches or frequent their coastal waters. The toadhead turtle (
4243:
3835:
4268:
3937:
3860:
3642:
3492:
2960:
1486:), both associated with forested areas, and the later sometimes being associated with swampy habitats in Trinidad.
837:
474:
any country). Many of the species are very rare or are of particular interest. They range from the many species of
4108:
3700:
2835:
2216:"The Herpetology of Trinidad and Tobago: Steffen's Thin-toed Frog, Leptodactylus latrans (Family Leptodactylidae)"
1125:
appears to be a central Venezuelan Coastal Range-Tobago endemic. However, we also have photographic evidence that
465:
3927:
3466:
1443:
1196:
1170:(found in open savannas and inland freshwater wetlands of Trinidad, not Tobago). Audubon's multicoloured lizard (
1144:
2821:
1063:
is found on tree trunks, rocks and infrastructure in primary and secondary forests on both islands. A number of
855:
are found on both islands, while the other two are found in Trinidad. Trinidad may also be home to a caecilian (
4438:
4385:
3977:
2822:"The Herpetology of Trinidad and Tobago: Yellow-tailed Gecko, Gonatodes albogularis (Family Sphaerodactylidae)"
1723:
1607:
1436:
1342:
1256:
1202:
940:
918:
691:
679:
424:
77:
71:
4032:
383:) and several native rats and mice are also part of the rodent fauna. A few species of opossums including the
4400:
3992:
2502:
4443:
4433:
4380:
4350:
4069:
4049:
4037:
3972:
3942:
3661:
1742:
1727:
1586:
There are approximately 70 species of land snails ranging in size from the giant South American land snail (
1543:
1262:
991:
934:
924:
787:
745:
found diurnally active in forests along fast flowing mountain streams (one of which is endemic to Trinidad (
735:
703:
600:
412:
4405:
3997:
1057:(still fairly common, even in some sub-urban areas) are considered delicacies on both Trinidad and Tobago.
4455:
4248:
4118:
4026:
3840:
3710:
1588:
1567:
1374:
1200:) which is found in open areas such as parks and gardens on both islands, and the golden spectacled tegu (
1018:
1003:
977:
884:
870:
818:
800:
781:
747:
138:
88:
4370:
4365:
4360:
3957:
3952:
1641:
There are a number of wetland habitats on both Trinidad and Tobago that foster vital aquatic ecosystems.
3815:
2513:
George, Shaquille. (2023). First record of the Grass Anole Anolis auratus in Trinidad, West Indies. 179.
1787:
1579:
1449:
1309:
1299:
896:
843:
685:
420:
396:
4310:
4233:
4168:
3902:
3825:
3760:
3715:
1453:) that are also found in forest and edge habitats of Trinidad only and the rare crepuscular red snake (
4340:
4325:
4188:
3932:
3917:
3780:
3725:
273:'s work (Beard, 1946). He classified natural vegetation in a hierarchical fashion on the basis of the
4375:
4228:
4183:
3967:
3775:
1677:
1561:
1250:
878:
824:
594:
512:
4315:
3907:
2668:"The Herpetology of Trinidad and Tobago: Lesser Windward Skink, Marisora aurulae (Family Scincidae)"
2068:
612:
of Trinidad and throughout most of Tobago. In the same genus as the marine toad, the Rivero's toad (
586:
A number of frogs and toads inhabit the islands, including the well known huge marine or cane toad (
511:
The country hosts a few endemic avian subspecies and two endemic species (the critically endangered
423:
was introduced to Trinidad (but not to Tobago) during the later part of the 19th century and is now
4297:
4158:
3962:
3889:
3750:
3273:
3246:
1661:
1601:
1573:
1413:
1403:
1293:
1274:
1079:
962:
753:
633:
416:
380:
2914:
145:
4355:
4278:
4223:
4193:
4113:
3947:
3870:
3785:
3705:
3345:
3288:
3184:
1613:
1430:
1390:
1287:
1280:
1212:
1172:
1138:
1049:
1039:
946:
709:
436:
270:
256:
2022:
1360:
are found throughout the islands. Some of the larger examples of the diurnal Colubrinae include
4258:
4208:
4153:
4123:
3850:
3800:
3745:
3268:
1669:
1656:
1629:
1368:
1362:
1178:
1166:
1103:
997:
985:
908:
651:
388:
376:
235:
206:
2377:
4320:
4273:
4213:
4178:
4133:
3912:
3865:
3805:
3770:
2488:
1699:
1482:
1348:
1222:
1115:
1091:
1012:
627:
432:
2230:"The Herpetology of Trinidad and Tobago: Gibba Turtle, Mesoclemmys gibba (Family Chelidae)"
2202:"The Herpetology of Trinidad and Tobago: Barbour's Thin-toed Frog, Leptodactylus insularum"
347:
198:
4218:
4198:
4143:
4138:
4128:
3820:
3810:
3790:
3735:
3730:
3720:
1549:
1533:
1384:
1336:
1322:
1184:
1153:
1121:
1085:
1059:
913:
890:
763:) which can be found on leaves near streams, creeks or rivers and the Tobago litter frog (
645:
588:
516:
444:
435:(in Tobago, the deer is thought to be extirpated and the peccary is now fairly rare). The
227:
2173:
1655:
The Nariva Swamp of the east coast is the largest freshwater swamp on Trinidad and has a
1316:
Included among the country's snake fauna are some of the very smallest in the world (the
954:
and other southern and eastern coastal river systems in Trinidad. Both the Arrau turtle (
2551:
2050:
976:
coasts are noted among the top three internationally most important nesting grounds for
4203:
4148:
3795:
3740:
1665:
1622:
1538:
1462:
1455:
1420:
1331:
1131:
1109:
1044:
902:
719:
657:
605:
498:
451:) and native marine mammals (whales and dolphins), see the appropriate sections below.
392:
384:
223:
922:) or morrocoy as it is locally known and the possibly introduced red-footed tortoise (
419:(all four being found on Trinidad, with only the raccoon still extant on Tobago). The
261:
4471:
4238:
4163:
3830:
3755:
3208:
Murphy, J.C. and J.R. Downie. 2012. "The changing Trinidad and Tobago herpetofauna".
2478:
https://herpetologytt.blogspot.com/2018/10/anolis-sagrei-dumeril-and-bibron-1837.html
1468:
1244:
1190:
1157:
1097:
1073:
1033:
830:
667:
621:
502:
491:
220:
1681:
1649:
1327:
1238:
1207:
1149:
1142:(locally called the zandoli or ground lizard and common even in suburban gardens),
1054:
1024:
956:
951:
857:
793:
714:
697:
566:
538:
483:
372:
149:
1520:
1129:
is present on Trinidad. Whether the first (and so far, only) documented record of
2570:"The Herpetology of Trinidad and Tobago: New snake, now a new lizard for Tobago"
1712:
1593:
1555:
1194:
being endemic to Tobago. Other microteiids include Underwood's spectacled tegu (
968:
741:
639:
545:
475:
428:
274:
3215:
717:, there are only two species found in Trinidad (not Tobago), both in the genus
1425:
1408:
1357:
1353:
1278:
is endemic to forests and edge habitats of northeastern Tobago while another,
559:
4302:
3894:
1673:
1396:
1317:
1313:
is found on both islands and is among the smallest of lizards in the world.
1297:
can be found in riverine forests of both islands. There are some records of
1268:
580:
487:
400:
548:): 1 species in total from Trinidad only. (Recorded from only 1 specimen).
2503:
https://herpetologytt.blogspot.com/2017/01/twig-anole-anolis-tigrinus.html
1652:(one of the National Birds)) and several marine fishes and invertebrates.
4288:
3880:
3212:, Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists’ Club 2012: 87–95.
1475:
929:
614:
231:
4061:
3653:
2681:
379:(of these, only the agouti remains extant on Tobago). One squirrel (the
1441:) of forest and edge habitats on both islands, the false coral snakes (
822:), being known only from that area (an endemic). In the same genus are
662:
479:
448:
365:
1786:
be regularly observed, particularly off the shore of the northwestern
661:) which are native to Trinidad, not Tobago. Other frogs in the family
573:
552:
404:
1266:. There are a number of small colourful diurnal geckos of the genus
497:
The resident breeding birds are augmented in the northern winter by
482:(that uses sonar to fly in the dark) to the spectacularly beautiful
427:. The two native hoofed-mammals still found in Trinidad include the
1698:
1688:
1519:
1217:
1064:
864:
464:
408:
346:
260:
205:
197:
1071:) may be easily observed, even in suburban areas, which include
950:) is known as a waif (and is possibly a rare inhabitant) of the
399:
can still be found on both islands. Native mammals of the order
278:
4065:
3657:
3219:
230:
and has greater diversity of plant and animal species than the
1706:
1680:. The plant community in the swamp include various mangroves,
118:
56:
15:
2498:
2496:
1053:) or matte or salipenter as it is locally called, and the
3198:. Texas University Press. College Station, Texas. 270 pp.
2682:"Genus Marisora - taxonomy & distribution / RepFocus"
2489:
http://www.biodiversity.gov.tt/images/stories/pdf/ias.doc
2051:"OGATT Amphibians | the Department of Life Sciences"
1210:, off the coast of Trinidad. The Greater Windward skink (
649:) (found on both islands), as well as the map tree frog (
443:
are Trinidad's two native non-human primate species. The
3063:"Macrobrachium crenulatum (Stream Crayfish or Shrimp)"
2584:"Gymnophthalmus speciosus (Chacachacare Shiny Lizard)"
2143:"Pristimantis charlottevillensis (Tobago Litter Frog)"
1346:(a tree boa locally called the cascabel dormilon) and
269:
The standard description of plant communities follows
2961:"Trinidad Chevron Tarantula (Psalmopoeus cambridgei)"
2322:"Podocnemis unifilis (Yellow-headed Sideneck Turtle)"
3119:"Tityus trinitatis (Trinidad Thick-tailed Scorpion)"
2552:"Audubon's Multicolored Lizard (Polychrus auduboni)"
1206:) which is found on the, now uninhabited, island of
490:, and the species are therefore typical of tropical
351:
Scarlet Ibis is one of the national birds of T&T
4296:
4097:
3888:
3689:
3575:
3518:
3479:
3378:
3317:
3254:
2524:"Polychrus marmoratus (Multi-coloured Tree Lizard)"
1330:), to the very largest of snakes in the world (the
519:found on both islands, but more common in Tobago).
1504:List of non-marine molluscs of Trinidad and Tobago
2115:"Hyalinobatrachium orientale (Tobago Glass Frog)"
912:) is found in the south-western drainages of the
387:may be found on both islands. Two anteaters, the
2979:"Cyriocosmus elegans (Trinidad Dwarf Tarantula)"
1828:"Flectonotus fitzgeraldi (Dwarf Marsupial Frog)"
869:Trinidad and Tobago is a major nesting site for
202:Location of Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean
2710:"Thecadactylus rapicauda (Turnip-tailed Gecko)"
2266:"Kinosternon scorpioides (Scorpion Mud Turtle)"
1865:"Trinidad and Tobago Biodiversity - Amphibians"
395:are found in Trinidad (but not in Tobago). The
3203:Amphibians and Reptiles of Trinidad and Tobago
2168:
2166:
1939:"Hypsiboas crepitans (Emerald-eyed Tree Frog)"
960:) and the yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle (
4077:
3669:
3231:
3147:"Tityus tenuicauda (Slender-tailed Scorpion)"
3035:"Coenobita clypeatus (Caribbean Hermit Crab)"
3007:"Avicularia avicularia (Pink-toed Tarantula)"
2640:"Copeoglossum aurae (Greater Windward Skink)"
2087:"Phyllomedusa trinitatis (Leaf-nesting Frog)"
1226:), also described in 2012, is sympatric with
8:
4411:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4003:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
3091:"Panulirus guttatus (Spotted Spiny Lobster)"
2738:"Hemidactylus mabouia (African House Gecko)"
2433:"Trinidad and Tobago Biodiversity - Lizards"
2294:"Podocnemis expansa (Arrau Sideneck Turtle)"
2248:"Trinidad and Tobago Biodiversity - Turtles"
1571:), as well as the Trinidad dwarf tarantula (
2897:"Trinidad and Tobago Biodiversity - Snakes"
1741:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
50:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4084:
4070:
4062:
3676:
3662:
3654:
3524:
3485:
3384:
3323:
3238:
3224:
3216:
2612:"Gymnophthalmus underwoodi (Shiny Lizard)"
2378:"Cryptic Golden Tegu (Tupinambis cryptus)"
1010:There are two species of legless lizards,
148:. Please do not remove this message until
1995:"Hypsiboas punctatus (Spotted Tree Frog)"
1761:Learn how and when to remove this message
186:Learn how and when to remove this message
168:Learn how and when to remove this message
107:Learn how and when to remove this message
2933:"Scolopendra gigantea (Giant Centipede)"
2891:
2889:
2887:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2174:"The Herpetology of Trinidad and Tobago"
1512:List of opiliones of Trinidad and Tobago
1508:List of scorpions of Trinidad and Tobago
486:. The islands are within a few miles of
144:Relevant discussion may be found on the
70:This article includes a list of general
2766:"Gonatodes ceciliae (Variegated Gecko)"
2396:"Plica caribena (Caribbean Treerunner)"
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1819:
1480:, and the Trinidad ribbon coral snake (
1407:. Many of the members of the subfamily
2350:"Trachemys scripta (Red-eared Slider)"
2045:
2043:
1808:List of mammals of Trinidad and Tobago
1516:List of mantids of Trinidad and Tobago
1382:endemic to Tobago) and the horsewhip (
1230:(in Tobago). The black-spotted skink (
1216:) is a recently discovered species of
932:in Trinidad. The scorpion mud turtle (
362:List of mammals of Trinidad and Tobago
2915:"Bachac - hardworking leafcutter ant"
2794:"Gonatodes humeralis (Spotted Gecko)"
1883:"Pseudis paradoxa (Paradoxical Frog)"
1703:Coral Point, on the south of Trinidad
707:) and the Maracaibo Basin tree frog (
529:List of snakes of Trinidad and Tobago
375:, the long-tailed porcupine, and the
7:
3205:. Krieger. Malabar, Florida. 245 pp.
1739:adding citations to reliable sources
1001:) as well as the Orinoco crocodile (
461:List of birds of Trinidad and Tobago
3294:British invasion of Trinidad (1797)
1967:"Hypsiboas geographicus (Map Frog)"
1911:"Lithobates palmipes (Amazon Frog)"
928:) are threatened by high levels of
751:) and the other endemic to Tobago (
469:Hummingbirds of Trinidad and Tobago
3191:. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
3189:The Natural Vegetation of Trinidad
3179:Butterflies of Trinidad and Tobago
1037:). The so-called luminous lizard (
551:Turtles, terrapins and tortoises (
366:Hunting § Trinidad_and_Tobago
76:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3196:The Snakes of Trinidad and Tobago
1028:, which form part of their diet.
569:): 2 species from Trinidad only.
253:Trinidad and Tobago moist forests
31:This article has multiple issues.
4287:
4254:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3879:
3846:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3289:French invasion of Tobago (1781)
1711:
894:), the olive ridley sea turtle (
798:) and the forest chirping frog (
515:found only in Trinidad, and the
123:
61:
20:
2878:"Helminthophis flavoterminatus"
1627:) and slender-tailed scorpion (
1340:(locally called the macajuel),
808:is found on both islands while
766:Pristimantis charlottevillensis
701:), the Orinoco lime tree frog (
655:) and the polka-dot tree frog (
478:to the primitive cave-dwelling
441:Trinidad white-fronted capuchin
249:Trinidad and Tobago dry forests
39:or discuss these issues on the
2850:"Amerotyphlops brongersmianus"
2451:"Anolis wattsi (Watts' Anole)"
1182:can be found on both islands,
888:), the loggerhead sea turtle (
695:), the red snouted tree frog (
343:Terrestrial animal communities
291:Semi-deciduous seasonal forest
1:
2696:"Copeoglossum nigropunctatum"
1611:) and spotted spiny lobster (
1577:) and the pinktoe tarantula (
1500:List of butterflies of Tobago
1418:) and the slug-eating snake (
882:), the hawksbill sea turtle (
665:include species in the genus
4478:Biota of Trinidad and Tobago
1428:include the water mapepire (
900:) and the green sea turtle (
772:Eleutherodactylus johnstonei
3457:Trinidad and Tobago cabinet
1466:) and the mapepire zanana (
760:Hyalinobatrachium orientale
558:Crocodiles and alligators (
150:conditions to do so are met
4494:
2864:"Amerotyphlops trinitatus"
2234:Herpetologytt.blogspot.com
1497:
733:. The Trinidad leaf frog (
526:
458:
359:
246:
4429:
4396:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
4285:
4021:
3988:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
3877:
3622:
3527:
3488:
3467:Chief Secretary of Tobago
3387:
3326:
1444:Erythrolamprus aesculapii
1197:Gymnophthalmus underwoodi
1188:is found in Trinidad and
1145:Cnemidophorus lemniscatus
812:is found in Trinidad and
689:), the veined tree frog (
437:Guyanan red howler monkey
299:Dry evergreen formations
294:Deciduous seasonal forest
288:Evergreen seasonal forest
4416:Turks and Caicos Islands
4008:Turks and Caicos Islands
3462:Leader of the Opposition
3392:Administrative divisions
2073:Portugal.inaturalist.org
1608:Macrobrachium crenulatum
1437:Erythrolamprus melanotus
1343:Corallus ruschenbergerii
1307:. The tiny Mole's gecko
941:Rhinoclemmys punctularia
919:Chelonoidis denticulatus
791:), Urich's litter frog (
692:Trachycephalus typhonius
1544:Acromyrmex octospinosus
1263:Thecadactylus rapicauda
992:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
983:The spectacled caiman (
978:leatherback sea turtles
935:Kinosternon scorpioides
788:Pristimantis turpinorum
736:Phyllomedusa trinitatis
704:Sphaenorhynchus lacteus
601:Flectonotus fitzgeraldi
523:Amphibians and reptiles
413:Neotropical river otter
91:more precise citations.
4331:British Virgin Islands
3923:British Virgin Islands
2069:"Dendropsophus goughi"
1704:
1589:Megalobulimus oblongus
1568:Psalmopoeus cambridgei
1528:
1375:Mastigodryas boddaerti
1272:present. One of them,
885:Eretmochelys imbricata
873:
819:Leptodactylus nesiotus
801:Adenomera hylaedactyla
782:Engystomops pustulosus
470:
352:
333:Seasonal swamp savanna
266:
265:Caroni Swamp, Trinidad
215:
203:
4244:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4092:Fauna of the Americas
3836:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3684:Flora of the Americas
3284:Curonian colonization
2965:Tarantulafriendly.com
1702:
1684:and bloodwood trees.
1580:Avicularia avicularia
1523:
1450:Erythrolamprus bizona
1424:). Other interesting
1310:Sphaerodactylus molei
897:Lepidochelys olivacea
868:
804:). Among these, only
468:
421:small Indian mongoose
397:nine-banded armadillo
350:
330:Seasonal swamp forest
264:
210:Grande Riviere, in a
209:
201:
2919:Sweettntmagazine.com
2027:BioDiversity4All.org
1735:improve this section
1678:common Suriname toad
1605:), stream crayfish (
1562:Scolopendra gigantea
1320:Guyana blind snake,
1251:Hemidactylus mabouia
879:Dermochelys coriacea
595:Phytotriades auratus
513:Trinidad piping guan
310:Lower montane forest
285:Seasonal formations
234:. However, rates of
4421:U.S. Virgin Islands
4264:Trinidad and Tobago
4109:Antigua and Barbuda
4013:U.S. Virgin Islands
3856:Trinidad and Tobago
3701:Antigua and Barbuda
3274:Spanish West Indies
3247:Trinidad and Tobago
3201:Murphy, J.C. 1997.
3194:Boos, H.E.A. 2001.
2967:. 27 February 2018.
2901:Biodiversity.gov.tt
2437:Biodiversity.gov.tt
2252:Biodiversity.gov.tt
1869:Biodiversity.gov.tt
1662:West Indian manatee
1637:Aquatic communities
1602:Coenobita clypeatus
1574:Cyriocosmus elegans
1414:Leptodeira annulata
1404:Leptophis ahaetulla
871:Leatherback Turtles
634:Lithobates palmipes
417:crab-eating raccoon
381:red-tailed squirrel
321:Edaphic formations
307:Montane formations
137:of this article is
4174:Dominican Republic
3766:Dominican Republic
3501:Telecommunications
3279:Dutch colonization
3181:. Collins, London.
3177:Barcant M (1970).
2023:"Boana xerophylla"
1705:
1695:Marine communities
1614:Panulirus guttatus
1529:
1527:(morpho butterfly)
1431:Helicops angulatus
1391:Leptophis stimsoni
1380:Mastigodryas dunni
1213:Copeoglossum aurae
1173:Polychrus auduboni
1139:Ameiva atrigularis
1050:Tupinambis cryptus
1040:Oreosaurus shrevei
957:Podocnemis expansa
947:Chelus orinocensis
874:
710:Scarthyla vigilans
471:
353:
267:
257:Trinidad mangroves
216:
204:
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3651:
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3618:
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3514:
3513:
3475:
3474:
3442:Political parties
3412:Foreign relations
3374:
3373:
3269:History of Tobago
2921:. 7 January 2018.
2836:"Epictia tenella"
2218:. 2 January 2017.
2204:. 2 January 2017.
2190:. 2 January 2017.
1771:
1770:
1763:
1670:spectacled caiman
1657:Ramsar Convention
1630:Tityus tenuicauda
1378:on Trinidad, and
1369:Drymarchon corais
1363:Spilotes pullatus
1233:C. nigropunctatum
1179:Bachia trinitatis
1167:Kentropyx striata
998:Crocodylus acutus
986:Caiman crocodilus
969:Trachemys scripta
909:Mesoclemmys gibba
847:; of these, only
713:). In the family
565:Legless lizards (
537:Frogs and toads (
389:southern tamandua
377:red-rumped agouti
302:Littoral woodland
243:Plant communities
196:
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4386:Saint Barthélemy
4346:Falkland Islands
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3978:Saint Barthélemy
3938:Falkland Islands
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3486:
3397:Attorney General
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3331:Cities and towns
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3299:Independence Act
3264:Spanish missions
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2572:. 21 April 2019.
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2236:. 31 March 2016.
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1755:
1752:
1746:
1715:
1707:
1483:Micrurus diutius
1349:Epicrates maurus
1223:Marisora aurulae
1013:Amphisbaena alba
674:D. microcephalus
628:Pseudis paradoxa
604:), found in the
433:collared peccary
336:Herbaceous swamp
277:of the dominant
191:
184:
173:
166:
162:
159:
153:
127:
126:
119:
112:
105:
101:
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87:this article by
78:inline citations
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4033:Central America
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3610:Public holidays
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3356:Natural history
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2824:. 8 April 2016.
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2670:. 3 April 2016.
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1676:turtle and the
1639:
1550:Atta cephalotes
1539:leafcutter ants
1534:Morpho peleides
1525:Morpho peleides
1518:
1496:
1385:Oxybelis aeneus
1337:Boa constrictor
1323:Epictia tenella
1080:A. cristatellus
1060:Plica caribeana
914:South Oropouche
891:Caretta caretta
838:L. macrosternum
810:A. hylaedactyla
730:E. surinamensis
725:E. nigrogularis
646:Boana platanera
589:Rhinella marina
531:
525:
517:Trinidad motmot
463:
457:
445:tufted capuchin
368:
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324:Mangrove forest
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83:Please help to
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3506:Transportation
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3452:Prime Minister
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2014:
1986:
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1769:
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1710:
1696:
1693:
1666:green anaconda
1638:
1635:
1592:) to the tiny
1495:
1492:
1463:Bothrops atrox
1456:Erythrolamprus
1421:Sibon nebulata
1332:green anaconda
1300:G. albogularis
1257:H. palaichthus
1045:Northern Range
1004:C. intermedius
925:C. carbonarius
903:Chelonia mydas
720:Elachistocleis
652:B. geographica
610:Central Ranges
524:
521:
456:
453:
393:silky anteater
385:common opossum
357:
354:
344:
341:
340:
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319:
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316:Elfin woodland
314:
313:Montane forest
311:
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221:South American
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29:
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4456:South America
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4434:North America
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4351:French Guiana
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4269:United States
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4050:South America
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4027:North America
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3417:Head of State
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3408:
3405:
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3402:Chief Justice
3400:
3398:
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3320:
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3309:Social unrest
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2116:
2110:
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2018:
2015:
2003:
1996:
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1975:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1947:
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1725:
1720:This section
1718:
1714:
1709:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1685:
1683:
1682:moriche palms
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1651:
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1642:
1636:
1634:
1632:
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1597:
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1536:
1535:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1494:Invertebrates
1493:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1472:
1470:
1469:Lachesis muta
1465:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1423:
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1371:
1370:
1365:
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1277:
1276:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1259:
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1253:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1245:Thecadactylus
1241:
1240:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1158:Little Tobago
1155:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1104:A. trinitatis
1100:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1087:
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1052:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1034:Iguana iguana
1029:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1019:A. fuliginosa
1015:
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749:
748:M. trinitatis
744:
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721:
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503:North America
500:
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32:
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18:
17:
4454:
4406:Sint Maarten
4391:Saint Martin
4298:Dependencies
4048:
4025:
3998:Sint Maarten
3983:Saint Martin
3890:Dependencies
3542:Demographics
3422:Human rights
3210:Living World
3209:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3185:Beard, J. S.
3178:
3172:Bibliography
3157:. Retrieved
3153:
3141:
3129:. Retrieved
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2030:. Retrieved
2026:
2017:
2005:. Retrieved
2001:
1989:
1977:. Retrieved
1973:
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1949:. Retrieved
1945:
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1921:. Retrieved
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1905:
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1838:. Retrieved
1834:
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1757:
1748:
1733:Please help
1721:
1686:
1654:
1650:scarlet ibis
1646:
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1335:
1328:blind snakes
1326:, and other
1321:
1315:
1308:
1304:
1298:
1294:G. humeralis
1292:
1286:
1279:
1275:G. ocellatus
1273:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1239:Hemidactylus
1237:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1211:
1208:Chacachacare
1203:G. speciosus
1201:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1171:
1165:
1150:Chacachacare
1143:
1137:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1116:A. planiceps
1114:
1108:
1102:
1096:
1092:A. richardii
1090:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1068:
1058:
1055:green iguana
1048:
1038:
1032:
1030:
1023:
1017:
1011:
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1002:
996:
990:
984:
982:
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961:
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952:Nariva Swamp
945:
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923:
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883:
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858:Typhlonectes
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724:
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698:Scinax ruber
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571:
567:Amphisbaenia
564:
557:
550:
544:Caecilians (
543:
536:
532:
510:
507:
496:
484:scarlet ibis
476:hummingbirds
472:
403:include the
373:lowland paca
369:
268:
217:
212:moist forest
182:
164:
155:
133:
103:
94:
75:
47:
40:
34:
33:Please help
30:
4376:Puerto Rico
4303:territories
4249:Saint Lucia
4184:El Salvador
3968:Puerto Rico
3895:territories
3841:Saint Lucia
3776:El Salvador
3336:Dry forests
3154:Sta.uwi.edu
3126:Sta.uwi.edu
3098:Sta.uwi.edu
3070:Sta.uwi.edu
3042:Sta.uwi.edu
3014:Sta.uwi.edu
2986:Sta.uwi.edu
2940:Sta.uwi.edu
2801:Sta.uwi.edu
2773:Sta.uwi.edu
2745:Sta.uwi.edu
2717:Sta.uwi.edu
2647:Sta.uwi.edu
2619:Sta.uwi.edu
2591:Sta.uwi.edu
2531:Sta.uwi.edu
2458:Sta.uwi.edu
2403:Sta.uwi.edu
2357:Sta.uwi.edu
2329:Sta.uwi.edu
2301:Sta.uwi.edu
2273:Sta.uwi.edu
2150:Sta.uwi.edu
2122:Sta.uwi.edu
2094:Sta.uwi.edu
2055:Sta.uwi.edu
2002:Sta.uwi.edu
1974:Sta.uwi.edu
1946:Sta.uwi.edu
1918:Sta.uwi.edu
1890:Sta.uwi.edu
1835:Sta.uwi.edu
1788:Chaguaramas
1594:Gastrocopta
1556:Scolopendra
1305:G. vittatus
1288:G. ceciliae
1281:G. vittatus
1185:B. heteropa
1162:Goat Island
1127:A. tigrinus
1122:A. tigrinus
1086:A. extremus
963:P. unifilis
742:Mannophryne
658:B. punctata
640:Boana boans
546:Gymnophiona
429:red brocket
425:naturalized
275:physiognomy
89:introducing
4371:Montserrat
4366:Martinique
4361:Guadeloupe
4159:Costa Rica
3963:Montserrat
3958:Martinique
3953:Guadeloupe
3751:Costa Rica
3595:Literature
3532:Camouflage
3495:(currency)
3432:Parliament
1814:References
1751:March 2022
1625:trinitatis
1498:See also:
1478:circinalis
1426:Dipsadinae
1409:Dipsadinae
1358:Dipsadinae
1354:Colubrinae
1132:A. auratus
1110:A. wattsii
853:L. validus
844:L. validus
777:pung-la-la
754:M. olmonae
686:D. minutus
560:Crocodylia
527:See also:
459:See also:
360:See also:
327:Palm swamp
271:John Beard
247:See also:
158:March 2022
135:neutrality
72:references
36:improve it
4444:Caribbean
4356:Greenland
4279:Venezuela
4224:Nicaragua
4194:Guatemala
4114:Argentina
4099:Sovereign
4038:Caribbean
3948:Greenland
3871:Venezuela
3816:Nicaragua
3786:Guatemala
3706:Argentina
3691:Sovereign
3547:Education
3447:President
3407:Elections
3346:Mangroves
3319:Geography
1782:islands.
1722:does not
1674:mata mata
1458:ocellatus
1397:Leptophis
1318:fossorial
1269:Gonatodes
1191:B. whitei
1098:A. sagrei
1074:A. aeneus
1067:species (
849:L. fuscus
833:insularum
825:L. fuscus
806:P. urichi
622:Pipa pipa
581:Serpentes
572:Lizards (
488:Venezuela
401:Carnivora
146:talk page
42:talk page
4472:Category
4311:Anguilla
4259:Suriname
4234:Paraguay
4209:Honduras
4169:Dominica
4154:Colombia
4124:Barbados
3903:Anguilla
3851:Suriname
3826:Paraguay
3801:Honduras
3761:Dominica
3746:Colombia
3716:Barbados
3638:Category
3562:Religion
3437:Politics
3427:Military
3380:Politics
3366:Wildlife
3304:Monarchy
3159:31 March
3131:31 March
3103:31 March
3075:31 March
3047:31 March
3019:31 March
2991:31 March
2945:31 March
2806:31 March
2778:31 March
2750:31 March
2722:31 March
2652:31 March
2624:31 March
2596:31 March
2536:31 March
2463:31 March
2408:31 March
2362:31 March
2334:31 March
2306:31 March
2278:31 March
2155:31 March
2127:31 March
2099:31 March
2032:31 March
2007:31 March
1979:31 March
1951:31 March
1923:31 March
1895:31 March
1840:31 March
1802:See also
1596:snails.
1476:Micrurus
1416:ashmeadi
1228:C. aurae
930:poaching
615:Rhinella
606:Northern
579:Snakes (
553:Chelonii
499:migrants
449:manatees
439:and the
415:and the
391:and the
236:endemism
232:Antilles
139:disputed
4341:Curaçao
4326:Bonaire
4321:Bermuda
4274:Uruguay
4214:Jamaica
4189:Grenada
4179:Ecuador
4134:Bolivia
4119:Bahamas
3933:Curaçao
3918:Bonaire
3913:Bermuda
3866:Uruguay
3806:Jamaica
3781:Grenada
3771:Ecuador
3726:Bolivia
3711:Bahamas
3629:Outline
3585:Cuisine
3577:Culture
3520:Society
3493:Dollar
3481:Economy
3351:Islands
3256:History
3187:(1946)
1743:removed
1728:sources
1399:haileyi
1113:. Only
663:Hylidae
480:oilbird
356:Mammals
85:improve
4229:Panama
4219:Mexico
4199:Guyana
4144:Canada
4139:Brazil
4129:Belize
4101:states
3821:Panama
3811:Mexico
3791:Guyana
3736:Canada
3731:Brazil
3721:Belize
3693:states
3643:Portal
3552:Health
3361:Rivers
1672:, the
1668:, the
1664:, the
1623:Tityus
1514:, and
1164:) and
1154:Huevos
1069:Anolis
796:urichi
617:beebei
574:Sauria
411:, the
407:, the
405:ocelot
255:, and
214:region
74:, but
4316:Aruba
4204:Haiti
4149:Chile
3908:Aruba
3796:Haiti
3741:Chile
3605:Music
3600:Media
3567:Women
3537:Crime
3150:(PDF)
3122:(PDF)
3094:(PDF)
3066:(PDF)
3038:(PDF)
3010:(PDF)
2982:(PDF)
2936:(PDF)
2797:(PDF)
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2325:(PDF)
2297:(PDF)
2269:(PDF)
2146:(PDF)
2118:(PDF)
2090:(PDF)
1998:(PDF)
1970:(PDF)
1942:(PDF)
1914:(PDF)
1886:(PDF)
1831:(PDF)
1689:guppy
1439:nesos
1218:skink
1065:anole
539:Anura
501:from
455:Birds
409:tayra
279:trees
228:fauna
224:flora
4381:Saba
4301:and
4239:Peru
4164:Cuba
3973:Saba
3893:and
3831:Peru
3756:Cuba
3590:Flag
3557:LGBT
3161:2022
3133:2022
3105:2022
3077:2022
3049:2022
3021:2022
2993:2022
2947:2022
2808:2022
2780:2022
2752:2022
2724:2022
2654:2022
2626:2022
2598:2022
2538:2022
2465:2022
2410:2022
2364:2022
2336:2022
2308:2022
2280:2022
2157:2022
2129:2022
2101:2022
2034:2022
2009:2022
1981:2022
1953:2022
1925:2022
1897:2022
1842:2022
1726:any
1724:cite
1547:and
1471:muta
1447:and
1394:and
1356:and
1260:and
1242:and
1160:and
1107:and
1025:Atta
1016:and
851:and
841:and
727:and
683:and
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