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117:) or were converted into them. This description goes back to the Student Union's competition held in 1899, which was to encourage the erection of as many beacons as possible (and not observation towers). But other Bismarck towers, e.g., those that were purely beacons with no observation function, were often called Bismarck columns.
393:, finished in 1907, dismantled in 1933 - at the confluence of the Black and White Przemsza rivers in the present-day Silesian Voivodeship of Poland. Until 1918, it marked the place at which the borders of three empires that had divided Poland – the Russian Empire, Austria-Hungary and the German Empire – met.
99:(d. 1898). A total of 234 of these towers were inventoried by Kloss and Seele in 2007 but more have been discovered since making the total around 240. These towers were built between 1869 and 1934 and some 173 remain today. Quite a few of these towers, including all 47 based on
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in 1871. Though most towers included firing installations, plans for a nationwide beaconing failed, and many local initiatives chose deviating designs. The architects of these towers included
Wilhelm Kreis himself, who built 58 (47 to the
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was selected as a standard model for all
Bismarck towers. The massive and squat design could be built to different heights and widths depending on the amount of money donated for the particular monument.
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Photorgammetry 3D scan on sketchfab 2017 Bismarck Tower near
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487:"Bismarcktürme & Bismarcksäulen : Das Infoportal Bismarcktürme"
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Monuments and Nationalism in 19th Century Germany
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in an 1899 architecture competition. The award-winning
328:), Poland - the first Bismarck tower, finished in 1869
438:at www.bismarcktuerme.de. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
125:The first Bismarck tower was built in present-day
522:at www.bismarcktuerme.de. Retrieved 28 July 2016
476:at www.bismarcktuerme.de. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
532:Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte.
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343:- the only preserved Bismarck tower in France
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160:(1820–1888), a wealthy landowner in nearby
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239:. Bismarck towers were also built in
56:(formerly Grünberg, Silesia, Germany)
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560:Bismarck towers' official website
466:Der älteste Bismarckturm von 1869
195:In manifestation of the Bismarck
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417:, Oxford: Lang, 2008, p. 226-227
109:design, were built as so-called
534:Vol. 82, Hanover, 2010, p. 182.
609:Monuments to Otto von Bismarck
449:Lexikon der Bismarck-Denkmäler
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428:Bismarcktürme £ Bismarcksäule
512:Geschichte der Bismarcktürme
318:Heidelberg, finished in 1903
203:, including its colonies in
271:Bismarck towers (selection)
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303:, Poland, blown up in 1928
572:FAQ about Bismarck towers
391:Three Emperors' Corner
183:fire column design of
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491:www.bismarcktuerme.de
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413:Pohlsander, Hans A.
307:Freiburg im Breisgau
35:First Bismarck Tower
341:Le Ban-Saint-Martin
170:Studentenverbindung
577:2016-03-04 at the
565:2011-09-10 at the
518:2020-08-06 at the
472:2018-05-04 at the
434:2020-10-31 at the
279:, finished in 1907
147:Friedrich Schröter
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249:Concepción, Chile
209:Gazelle Peninsula
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598:Categories
398:References
353:Salzgitter
205:New Guinea
387:), Poland
375:Wiesbaden
365:), Poland
332:Kallstadt
301:Bydgoszcz
291:, 1930/31
247:, and in
243:, in the
189:sandstone
162:Wättrisch
143:Johnsberg
575:Archived
563:Archived
516:Archived
470:Archived
432:Archived
385:Grünberg
359:Szczecin
221:Tanzania
213:Cameroon
369:Viersen
363:Stettin
322:Janówek
313:Hanover
241:Austria
233:Denmark
185:granite
135:Prussia
131:Silesia
127:Janówek
121:History
39:Janówek
614:Towers
496:28 Jul
371:, 1901
355:, 1900
285:, 1930
277:Aachen
237:Russia
229:France
225:Poland
219:) and
215:(near
139:German
89:German
217:Limbe
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79:tower
498:2016
337:Metz
197:cult
66:Jena
235:or
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