72:
38:
53:
695:
140:
79:
264:
506:. One Polish family (Michał and Katarzyna Gierula) from the nearby village of Łodzinka Górna sheltered seven Jews in their barn, but after local residents discovered this, the German authorities killed the adults and their neighbour and the three remaining Jews on 1 January 1944. Their sacrifice was later recognised by
513:
A cross was set up on
Kamienna Górka and, in 2018, following an effort by Bircza high school students, a sign was placed at the location of the second (and larger) killing site on Górze Wierzysko. Following the Second World War, a Union of Bircza Survivors was active for some decades in Israel. By
497:
In July 1942, the German police carried out a violent operation in which the Jews of the surrounding villages were brought to the market square and forced to bend on their knees for hours. A ghetto was established in the town, as all of Bircza's neighbouring villages were emptied of their Jewish
498:
population. Most of the Jews of Bircza were murdered in two operations, one on
Kamienna Górka (‘Stony Hill’) and a further 800 Jews in 1942 on Górze Wierzysko (Wierzysko Hill). Afterwards, the remaining Jews were marched thirty kilometres on foot to the ghetto of
444:
carried out attacks on the Jewish residents, including acts of robbery, rape, and murder. Many local Jews fled to escape the violence and, In between the wars, large numbers of the community's Jews emigrated, many to the United States. In the 1920s and 1930s,
416:
The earliest records of Jewish settlement in the area are from the
Sixteenth Century. In the Nineteenth Century, the Jewish community grew to become about half the total size of area's residents. Initially, the community was part of the
604:
860:
880:
589:
865:
709:
875:
661:
472:
749:
714:
100:
799:
754:
819:
814:
486:
Soon, various restrictions were placed upon the Jews of Bircza and its surrounding villages, including the requirement of wearing a
809:
37:
71:
421:
community, but by the second half of the
Nineteenth Century, it became independent. Most of the Jews in Bircza belonged to
461:, and Aḥvah. During these years, the Jewish community numbered around 1,040 residents out of a total population of 1,930.
239:
870:
804:
654:
561:
480:
426:
247:
52:
503:
295:
263:
157:
257:
784:
739:
422:
152:
132:
647:
544:"Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)"
218:
794:
759:
228:
583:
543:
774:
291:
169:
494:
was established and commanded to transfer ransom payments, valuables, and furs to the
Germans.
789:
834:
605:"Gerula (Gierula) Michał Kajetan, Gerula (Gierula) Katarzyna z domu Błońska, Segielin Roman"
465:
458:
769:
454:
437:
287:
490:
and participating in forced labour, and much Jewish property was looted. Additionally, a
744:
449:
activity in Bircza increased, particularly in the form of youth groups affiliated with
433:
854:
694:
824:
734:
670:
487:
476:
303:
181:
719:
518:
survivor from Bircza and the last remaining Jew born in Bircza (residing now in
499:
307:
839:
779:
764:
519:
507:
311:
115:
102:
729:
576:
Słownik geograficzny Królestwa
Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom I
515:
209:
829:
491:
441:
418:
405:
724:
446:
523:
469:
450:
235:
214:
164:
145:
299:
176:
306:. It lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) south-west of
336:
643:
639:
310:
and 51 km (32 mi) south-east of the regional capital
630:
468:, Bircza and its environs were part of Polish territory under
331:
483:, which quickly killed sixteen Jewish community notables.
560:(in Polish). Vol. 3/4. Warszawa: Instytut Geografii
625:
274:
479:
invaded and placed local control in the hands of the
702:
677:
270:
256:
246:
225:
208:
200:
195:
187:
175:
163:
151:
131:
21:
404:In 1876 the county seat was moved from Bircza to
298:, in south-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the
502:, from where they were transferred later to the
861:Cities and towns in Subcarpathian Voivodeship
655:
8:
322:
662:
648:
640:
588:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
321:
18:
578:(in Polish). Warszawa. 1880. p. 230.
16:Town in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland
42:Saint Stanislaus Kostka church in Bircza
535:
432:During the conquest of the area by the
269:
255:
245:
207:
194:
186:
130:
95:
64:
46:
34:
581:
881:Historic Jewish communities in Poland
224:
199:
174:
162:
150:
7:
866:Populated riverside places in Poland
14:
635:, genealogy, and research website
302:(administrative district) called
693:
286:
262:
138:
77:
70:
51:
36:
526:) remained alive in the world.
464:Following the outbreak of the
425:, but a minority followed the
78:
1:
876:Holocaust locations in Poland
626:Gmina Bircza official website
897:
481:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
412:Jewish community of Bircza
691:
558:Dokumentacja Geograficzna
546:(in Polish). 1 June 2008.
504:Belzec extermination camp
397:
349:—
296:Subcarpathian Voivodeship
96:
65:
47:
35:
28:
475:, but in June 1941, the
631:Bircza Online! virtual
609:Index represjonowanych
562:Polskiej Akademii Nauk
323:Historical population
227: • Summer (
116:49.69222°N 22.47944°E
740:Jasienica Sufczyńska
488:yellow star of David
455:ha-Noʿar ha-Tsiyyoni
275:http://www.Bircza.pl
248:Vehicle registration
459:ha-Shomer ha-Tsaʿir
324:
112: /
564:. 1967. p. 3.
201: • Total
121:49.69222; 22.47944
848:
847:
603:Rączy, Elżbieta.
402:
401:
280:
279:
888:
835:Wola Korzeniecka
697:
664:
657:
650:
641:
613:
612:
600:
594:
593:
587:
579:
572:
566:
565:
554:
548:
547:
540:
466:Second World War
338:
333:
325:
289:
266:
232:
144:
142:
141:
127:
126:
124:
123:
122:
117:
113:
110:
109:
108:
105:
81:
80:
74:
55:
40:
19:
896:
895:
891:
890:
889:
887:
886:
885:
871:Przemyśl County
851:
850:
849:
844:
775:Leszczawa Górna
770:Leszczawa Dolna
698:
689:
673:
668:
622:
617:
616:
602:
601:
597:
580:
574:
573:
569:
556:
555:
551:
542:
541:
537:
532:
514:2021, only one
438:First World War
427:Sadigura rabbis
423:Dynów Hassidism
414:
320:
292:Przemyśl County
290:) is a town in
226:
139:
137:
120:
118:
114:
111:
106:
103:
101:
99:
98:
92:
91:
90:
89:
88:
87:
86:
82:
61:
60:
59:
58:
43:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
894:
892:
884:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
853:
852:
846:
845:
843:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
795:Łodzinka Górna
792:
790:Łodzinka Dolna
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
745:Jawornik Ruski
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
706:
704:
700:
699:
692:
690:
688:
687:
681:
679:
675:
674:
669:
667:
666:
659:
652:
644:
638:
637:
628:
621:
620:External links
618:
615:
614:
595:
567:
549:
534:
533:
531:
528:
434:Russian Empire
413:
410:
400:
399:
395:
394:
391:
388:
384:
383:
380:
377:
373:
372:
369:
366:
362:
361:
358:
355:
351:
350:
347:
344:
340:
339:
334:
329:
319:
316:
278:
277:
272:
268:
267:
260:
254:
253:
250:
244:
243:
233:
223:
222:
212:
206:
205:
202:
198:
197:
193:
192:
189:
185:
184:
179:
173:
172:
167:
161:
160:
155:
149:
148:
135:
129:
128:
94:
93:
84:
83:
76:
75:
69:
68:
67:
66:
63:
62:
56:
50:
49:
48:
45:
44:
41:
33:
32:
29:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
893:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
858:
856:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
705:
701:
696:
686:
683:
682:
680:
678:Town and seat
676:
672:
665:
660:
658:
653:
651:
646:
645:
642:
636:
634:
629:
627:
624:
623:
619:
610:
606:
599:
596:
591:
585:
577:
571:
568:
563:
559:
553:
550:
545:
539:
536:
529:
527:
525:
521:
517:
511:
509:
505:
501:
495:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
474:
471:
467:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
411:
409:
407:
396:
392:
389:
386:
385:
381:
378:
375:
374:
370:
367:
364:
363:
359:
356:
353:
352:
348:
345:
342:
341:
335:
330:
327:
326:
317:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
288:
284:
276:
273:
265:
261:
259:
258:National road
251:
249:
241:
237:
234:
230:
220:
216:
213:
211:
203:
190:
183:
180:
178:
171:
168:
166:
159:
158:Subcarpathian
156:
154:
147:
136:
134:
125:
97:Coordinates:
73:
54:
39:
27:
20:
825:Stara Bircza
735:Huta Brzuska
684:
671:Gmina Bircza
632:
611:(in Polish).
608:
598:
575:
570:
557:
552:
538:
512:
496:
485:
477:Nazi Germans
463:
431:
415:
403:
304:Gmina Bircza
282:
281:
57:Coat of arms
188:Town rights
153:Voivodeship
119: /
855:Categories
780:Leszczawka
710:Boguszówka
530:References
520:Herzliyyah
508:Yad Vashem
473:occupation
196:Population
107:22°28′46″E
104:49°41′32″N
810:Nowa Wieś
750:Korzeniec
730:Dobrzanka
715:Borownica
584:cite book
516:Holocaust
210:Time zone
830:Sufczyna
720:Brzeżawa
703:Villages
500:Przemyśl
492:Judenrat
442:Cossacks
419:Dobromyl
406:Dobromil
398:Source:
308:Przemyśl
170:Przemyśl
840:Żohatyn
820:Rudawka
815:Roztoka
765:Kuźmina
725:Brzuska
447:Zionist
436:in the
318:History
312:Rzeszów
271:Website
133:Country
805:Malawa
760:Krajna
685:Bircza
633:shtetl
524:Israel
470:Soviet
451:Beitar
382:+15.1%
371:+39.1%
283:Bircza
182:Bircza
165:County
146:Poland
143:
85:Bircza
23:Bircza
800:Łomna
755:Kotów
393:+4.1%
390:2,156
379:2,071
368:1,800
360:+8.2%
357:1,294
346:1,196
300:gmina
236:UTC+2
215:UTC+1
204:1,000
177:Gmina
785:Lipa
590:link
453:and
387:1910
376:1900
365:1890
354:1880
343:1869
332:Pop.
328:Year
240:CEST
191:1464
30:Town
252:RPR
229:DST
219:CET
857::
607:.
586:}}
582:{{
522:,
510:.
457:,
440:,
429:.
408:.
337:±%
314:.
294:,
663:e
656:t
649:v
592:)
285:(
242:)
238:(
231:)
221:)
217:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
