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1177:"intellectual" interest in studying birds, and by the "challenge" of identifying new and rare birds and improving their skills. Another study suggested that males lean towards competitive birding, while females prefer recreational birdwatching. While the representation of women has always been low, it has been pointed out that nearly 90% of all birdwatchers in the United States are white, with only a few African Americans. Other minority groups have formed organizations to support fellow birders, such as the Gay Birders Club and Birding For All, formerly the Disabled Birders Association.
361:
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tourism. Birdwatching and other niche tourism markets are good for market diversification and mitigating the impacts of seasonality in a tourism market as well as bringing economic resources to remote communities, thus diversifying their economies and contributing to biodiversity conservation. It is estimated that birdwatching ecotourism contributes $ 41 billion per year to the U.S. economy. The large funds generated by birdwatching ecotourism have been suggested as a replacement for tax revenue generated by bird hunting which has dropped to its lowest levels in decades.
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1071:. While most birding lists are geographic in scope, there are special-interest lists that cater to bird-identification, 'twitchers', seabirds and raptor enthusiasts to name but a few. Messages can range from the serious to trivial, notifying others of rarities, questioning the taxonomy or identification of a species, discussing field guides and other resources, asking for advice and guidance, or organizing groups to help save habitats.
703:
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hideouts and stressing them by playing their calls or exposing birds and their nests to predators). Furthermore, other impacts include disturbance to birds, the environment, local cultures and the economy. Methods to reduce negative impact and improve the value of conservation are the subject of research.
1238:, an Englishman who lives in Spain, became the first birdwatcher to log over 9,000 species. In 2008, two British birders, Alan Davies and Ruth Miller, gave up their jobs, sold their home and put everything they owned into a year-long global birdwatching adventure about which they a wrote a book called
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project used by ornithologists to document trends in bird populations, it allows birders see recent reports by other birders and search by species and location. Some species, including endangered species and others likely to be disrupted by increased human activity, are designated "sensitive species"
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The study of birdwatching has been of interest to students of the sociology of science. People who have nature-based experiences report better well-being and lower psychological distress than those who do not, and birdwatching in particular was found to have higher gains in subjective well-being and
549:
Birding ecotourism companies are also making contributions to conservation. Birding
Ecotours, which runs both international and domestic trips, donates a minimum of 10% of its net profits to bird conservation and communities it operates in. Another tour operator, Hardy Boat, has donated $ 200,000 to
541:
in Turkey, was estimated to attract birders who spent as much as US$ 103,320,074 annually. Guided bird tours have become a major business, with at least 127 companies offering tours worldwide. An average trip to a less-developed country costs $ 4,000 per person and includes about 12 participants for
169:
is unfamiliar to most lay people. At the most basic level, the distinction is perceived as one of dedication or intensity, though this is a subjective differentiation. Generally, self-described birders perceive themselves to be more versed in minutiae such as identification (aural and visual), molt,
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The non-linear nature of digital audio technology has also made selecting and accessing the required recordings much more flexible than tape-based models. It is now possible to take a recording of every bird call you are likely to encounter in a given area out into the field stored on a device that
722:
Birding as a competitive event is organized in some parts of the world. Such competitions encourage individuals or teams to accumulate large numbers of species within a specified time or area with special rules. Some birdwatchers will also compete by attempting to increase their life list, national
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that are perceived as birdwatchers' indispensable attributes. By their presence and obstinacy, birdwatchers affect the attractiveness of the breeding migration or roosting sites for birds, flush birds, and otherwise increase the pressure on birds and their habitats (e.g., luring birds out of their
545:
Birdwatching tourism is considered to be one of the fastest-growing nature-based tourism sectors in the world, often involving well-educated or wealthy travelers with specific interests in the places they visit. In addition to this, birdwatching tourism is considered a niche market of nature-based
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district of
Ethiopia. Transnational birding has played an important role in this, as birders in developing countries usually take up the pastime under the influence of foreign cultures with a history of birding. A majority of transnational birders are middle-aged, male, affluent, and belong to the
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As the numbers of birdwatchers increases, there is growing concern about the impact of birdwatching on the birds and their habitat. Birdwatching etiquette is evolving in response to this concern. Some examples of birdwatching etiquette include promoting the welfare of birds and their environment,
519:
In the 20th century, most of the birding activity in North
America was done on the east coast. The publication of Roger Tory Peterson's field guide in 1934 led to the initial increase in birding. Binoculars, an essential piece of birding equipment, became more easily available after World War II,
331:
has specific rules about how a bird species may be documented and recorded in such a list if it is submitted to the ABA; however, the criteria for the personal recording of these lists are very subjective. Some birders "count" species they have identified audibly, while others only record species
523:
About 4% of North
Americans were interested in birding in the 1970s, and in the mid-1980s at least 11% were found to watch birds at least 20 days of the year. The number of birders was estimated at 61 million in the late 1980s. The income level of birders has been found to be well above average.
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had been started by
Lawrence Holloway. Travelling far away also led to problems in name usage: British birds such as "wheatear", "heron" and "swallow" needed adjectives to differentiate them in places where there were several related species. The falling cost of air travel made flying to remote
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is that the travels of birders to a place will contribute to the improvement of the local economy, ensuring that the environment is valued and protected. Birdwatchers contribute to conservation, helping build and disseminate environmental knowledge by participating in citizen science. However,
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According to a U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service study, birders contributed $ 36 billion to the US economy in 2006, and one fifth (20%) of all Americans are identified as birdwatchers. According to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 2016, over 45 million Americans consider themselves birders.
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has made them more attractive and accessible to the birding community. Cross-over, non-linear digital models now exist that take high-quality stills at acceptable resolutions, as well as being able to record and play audio and video. The ability to capture and reproduce not only the visual
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A study of the motivations for birdwatching in New York concluded that initial motivations were largely similar in males and females, but males who participate actively in birding are more motivated by "sharing knowledge" with others, and active female birders are more motivated by their
459:
Like the AOU in North
America, the BOU had a focus mainly on collection-based taxonomy. The BOU changed focus to ecology and behaviour only in the 1940s. The BTO movement towards 'organized birdwatching' was opposed by the RSPB, which claimed that the 'scientification' of the pastime was
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can assist in identifying environmental threats to the well-being of birds or, conversely, in assessing outcomes of environmental management initiatives intended to ensure the survival of at-risk species or to encourage the breeding of species for aesthetic or ecological reasons.
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Initially, birdwatching was largely restricted to developed countries such as the United
Kingdom and the United States of America. Since the second half of the 20th century an increasing number of people in developing countries have engaged in this activity, such as in the
1031:
In the early 1950s, the only way of communicating new bird sightings was through the postal system and it was generally too late for the recipients to act on the information. In 1953 James
Ferguson-Lees began broadcasting rare bird news on the radio in Eric Simms'
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hosts many citizen-science projects to track the number and distribution of bird species across North
America. These surveys help scientists note major changes from year to year which may occur as a result of climate change, disease, predation, and other factors.
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in North America) or observation towers are often used to conceal the observers from birds, and/or to improve viewing conditions. Virtually all optics manufacturers offer specific binoculars for birding, and some have even geared their whole brand to birders.
1008:. With the ability to store and play large quantities of information, pocket-sized devices allow a full birding multimedia library to be taken into the field and mobile Internet access makes obtaining and transmitting information possible in near real time.
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when the greatest variety of birds may be seen. On these occasions, large numbers of birds travel north or south to wintering or nesting locations. Early mornings are typically better as the birds are more active and vocal making them easier to spot.
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There are about 10,000 species of bird and only a small number of people have seen more than 7,000. Many birdwatchers have spent their entire lives trying to see all the bird species of the world. The first person who started this is said to be
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The lack of definite evidence, except arguably in the form of photographs, makes birding records difficult to prove but birdwatchers strive to build trust in their identification. One of the few major disputes was the case of the
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The increasing availability of mobile devices in the 2010s allowed the smartphone to become a useful tool for birding. Mobile apps can be used as replacements for physical birding field guides, such as the digital version of the
456:(BTO). The BTO saw the potential to produce scientific results through the networks, unlike the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) which like the Audubon Society originated from the bird protection movement.
290:. The size of these countries makes it possible to travel throughout them quickly and with relative ease. The most popular twitches in the UK have drawn large crowds; for example, approximately 2,500 people travelled to
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recorded 6,042 species during 2015, overtaking Davies and Miller. In 2016, Arjan Dwarshuis became the world-record holder for most species seen during the span of one year, logging 6,852 bird species in 40 countries.
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Big Sit or Big Stay: birdwatchers must see birds from a circle of prescribed diameter (e.g.: 17 feet). Once birds are spotted, birdwatchers can leave the circle to confirm the identity, but new birds seen may not be
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is an important global alliance of bird conservation organizations. Many countries and smaller regions (states/provinces) have "rarities committees" to check, accept or reject reports of rare birds made by birders.
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in 1901. In North America, the identification of birds, once thought possible only by shooting, was made possible by the emergence of optics and field identification guides. The earliest field guide in the US was
582:
Many birders occupy themselves with observing local species (birding in their "local patch"), but may also make specific trips to observe birds in other locales. The most active times of the year for birding in
766:: A month-long festival celebrating bird migration. Migration Madness features a Birdathon. The Birdathon is a competition at any time during May 2024. The goal is to spot as many bird species as you can.
251:. The main goal of twitching is often to accumulate species on one's lists. Some birders engage in competition to accumulate the longest species list. The act of the pursuit itself is referred to as a
239:, or counted on a list. The term originated in the 1950s, when it was used to describe the nervous behaviour of Howard Medhurst, a British birdwatcher. Earlier terms for those who chased rarities were
642:
Birders may take part in censuses of bird populations and migratory patterns which are sometimes specific to individual species. These birdwatchers may also count all birds in a given area, as in the
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is an important part of a birder's toolkit. Sound information can assist in the locating, watching, identification, and sometimes sexing of birds. Recent developments in audio technology have seen
452:(AOU). The rising popularity of the car increased the mobility of birdwatchers and this made new locations accessible. Networks of birdwatchers in the UK began to form in the late 1930s under the
1016:
New technologies are allowing birdwatching activities to take place over the Internet, using robotic camera installations and mobile phones set up in remote wildlife areas. Projects such as CONE
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Birds of forests and open woodlands in the highlands of Dogu'a Tembien. In: Nyssen J., Jacob, M., Frankl, A. (Eds.). Geo-trekking in Ethiopia's Tropical Mountains - The Dogu'a Tembien District
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As the technology continues to improve, researchers and hobby birders have started using convolutional neural networks to mine sound recordings to identify and track specific bird calls.
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was originally started as a club for "listers", but it now serves a much broader audience. Still, the ABA continues to publish an official annual report of North American list standings.
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allow users to observe and photograph birds over the web; similarly, robotic cameras set up in largely inhospitable areas are being used to attempt the first photographs of the rare
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North American birders were estimated to have spent as much as US$ 32 billion in 2001. The spending is on the rise around the world. Kuşcenneti National Park (KNP) at Lake Manyas, a
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birding destinations a possibility for a large number of people towards the 1980s. The need for global guides to birds increased, and one of the biggest resulting projects was the
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to obtain specimens from around the world. It was only in the late 19th century that the call for bird protection led to the rising popularity of observations of living birds. The
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became the first birder to log over 10,000 species, a record surrounded by much controversy as he was initially claimed to be beaten by Jason Mann who later conceded defeat.
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Birding in the United States: a demographic and economic analysis. Addendum to the 2001 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting and Wildlife-Associated Recreation. Report 2001-1
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530:, published in 2000, had sold 500,000 copies by 2002. It was found that the number of birdwatchers rose, but there appeared to be a drop in birdwatching in the backyard.
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program but this did not catch on. In the 1960s people began using the telephone and some people became hubs for communication. In the 1970s some cafés, such as that in
2287:"Market Analysis of Bird-Based Tourism: A Focus on the U.S. Market to Latin America and the Caribbean Including Fact Sheets on The Bahamas, Belize, Guatemala, Paraguay"
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links it with a male tendency for "systemizing". There have been suggestions that identification of birds may be a form of gaining status which has been compared with
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have been described by some enthusiasts as having a more limited scope, perhaps not venturing far from their own yards or local parks to view birds. Indeed, in 1969 a
1040:
run by Nancy Gull, became centers for meeting and communication. This was replaced by telephone hotline services such as "Birdline" and "Bird Information Service".
992:
This class of product includes devices that can play (and in some cases record) a range of digital media, typically video, audio and still image files. Many modern
599:, or pelagic birding, is a type of birding where observers based at a coastal watch point, such as a headland, watch birds flying over the sea. This is one form of
507:
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The organization and networking of those interested in birds began through organizations like the Audubon Society, which was against the killing of birds, and the
2055:
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in North America. Many statewide or local Audubon organizations are also active in the United States, as are many provincial and local organizations in Canada.
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Occasional postings are mentioned in academic journals and therefore can be a valuable resource for professional and amateur birders alike. One of the oldest,
760:: An annual birding competition organised by the New Jersey Audubon Society. Teams compete to identify the greatest number of bird species in a 24-hour period.
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became best-sellers. By the 1960s air travel became feasible and long-distance holiday destinations opened up. By 1965, Britain's first birding tour company,
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Lists, Field Guides, and the Descriptive Organization of Seeing: Birdwatching as an Exemplary Observational Activity in Representation in Scientific Practice
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The early interest in observing birds for their aesthetic rather than utilitarian (mainly food) value is traced to the late 18th century in the works of
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and playback devices to mitigate stress caused to birds, maintaining a distance away from nests and nesting colonies, and respecting private property.
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401:
207:. A rather ambiguous term used to describe the person who watches birds for any reason at all, and should not be used to refer to the serious birder.
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making the hobby more accessible. The practice of travelling long distances to see rare bird species was aided by the rising popularity of cars.
2286:
2790:
Still, Kaisa; Isomursu, Minna; Vainamo, Soili (2005). "Exploring the integration of community communication technologies: case birdwatchers".
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327:, that is, a list of all of the species they have seen in their life, usually with details about the sighting such as date and location. The
2665:"Passive acoustic monitoring and convolutional neural networks facilitate high-resolution and broadscale monitoring of a threatened species"
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Birding in North America was focused in the early and mid-20th century in the eastern seaboard region, and was influenced by the works of
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Chambers, Charlotte N. L. (2007). ""Well its remote, I suppose, innit?" The relational politics of bird-watching through the CCTV lens".
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Computer Networking and Scholarly Communication in the Twenty-first-Century University (Eds. Teresa M. Harrison, Timothy Stephen)
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2229:"Small sight—Big might: Economic impact of bird tourism shows opportunities for rural communities and biodiversity conservation"
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Gürlük, S.; Rehber, E. (2008). "A travel cost study to estimate recreational value for a bird refuge at Lake Manyas, Turkey".
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195:. The acceptable term used to describe the person who seriously pursues the hobby of birding. May be professional or amateur.
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characteristics of a bird, but also its patterns of movement and its sound, has wide applications for birders in the field.
201:. A hobby in which individuals enjoy the challenge of bird study, listing, or other general activities involving bird life.
2755:
Montague, Peter; Pellerano, Maria B. (2001). "Toxicology and environmental digital resources from and for citizen groups".
610:, and an influx of birds from the east. In North America, birds caught in the tail-end of a hurricane may be blown inland.
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Certain locations such as a local patch of forest, wetland and coast may be favoured according to the location and season.
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Macdonald, H. (2002). "What makes you a scientist is the way you look at things: ornithology and the observer 1930–1955".
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1227:(who later died in an air crash in Ecuador) travelled around North America and saw 626 species. This record was beaten by
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is a British term used to mean "the pursuit of a previously located rare bird." In North America, it is more often called
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2043:. Rocky Mntn For. and Range Exper. Station, Fort Collins, CO. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rept. RM-229. pp. 32–38.
1561:"Lists, Field Guides, and the Descriptive Organization of Seeing: Birdwatching as an Exemplary Observational Activity"
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and awareness of environmental issues. Birdwatching can increase respect for nature and awareness of the fragility of
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744:: like a big day, but contestants are individuals, and need to be prepared to invest a great deal of time and money.
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to automatically identifying birds from photographs and audio recordings, such as the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's
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Weather plays an important role in the occurrence of rare birds. In Britain, suitable wind conditions may lead to
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each of 150 trips a year. It has been suggested that this economic potential needs to be tapped for conservation.
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3469:"Birdwatching linked to increased psychological well-being on college campuses: A pilot-scale experimental study"
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445:, an early birding book, sold over 250,000 copies. It was illustrated with color photographs of stuffed birds.
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Johnson, Kristin (2004). "The Ibis: Transformations in a Twentieth Century British Natural History Journal".
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devices shrink in both size and price, making them accessible to a greater portion of the birding community.
392:, eggs and later skins being the artifacts of interest. Wealthy collectors made use of their contacts in the
384:. The study of birds, and of natural history in general, became increasingly prevalent in Britain during the
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490:, begun in the 1990s by Josep del Hoyo, Jordi Sargatal, David A. Christie, and ornithologist Andy Elliott.
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Sali, M.; Kuehn, D.; Zhang, L. (2008). "Motivations for Male and Female Birdwatchers in New York State".
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3038:"App-solutely enhancing outdoors experience: iNaturalist, Seek and Merlin Bird ID apps; plus Stray Cast"
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Birdwatching literature, field guides and television programs have been popularized by birders such as
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spent her family inheritance travelling to various parts of the world while suffering from a malignant
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will slip into your pocket and to retrieve calls for playback and comparison in any order you choose.
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database is a popular tool used by birders to document their sightings. In addition to serving as a
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3383:. U.S. Department of Agriculture–Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. Albany, Calif.
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Donnelly, Peter (1994). "Take my word for it: Trust in the context of birding and mountaineering".
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85:. A birdwatcher may observe by using their naked eye, by using a visual enhancement device such as
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Relative Prevalence of African Americans among Bird Watchers. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-191
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This more scientific side of the hobby is an aspect of ornithology, coordinated in the UK by the
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in 1973 who travelled 69,000 miles and saw 671 species and spent less than a thousand dollars.
1078:(based in the US), probably has the most subscribers, followed by the English-language fork of
949:, which can be used in conjunction with a spotting scope or binoculars (using the technique of
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was started to protect birds from the growing trade in feathers in the United States while the
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1895:"Breve historia de la observación de aves en México en el siglo XX y principios del siglo XXI"
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Birders have been known to go to great lengths and some have lost their lives in the process.
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Birders using a tower hide to gain views over foreground vegetation. Bay of Liminka, south of
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and others. Harrisson was instrumental in the organization of pioneering surveys of the
235:, is reserved for those who travel long distances to see a rare bird that would then be
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In North America, many birders differentiate themselves from birdwatchers, and the term
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460:'undesirable'. This stand was to change only in 1936 when the RSPB was taken over by
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2324:"Environmental Impacts of the Use of Ecosystem Services: Case Study of Birdwatching"
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Prominent national and continental organizations concerned with birding include the
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Ecology and Conservation of Owls: Proceedings of the Owls 2000, Canberra, Australia
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2681:
2176:
945:
made this a minority, often semi-professional, interest. The advent of affordable
100:
Most birdwatchers pursue this activity for recreational or social reasons, unlike
2253:
1867:
6140:
6125:
6115:
6095:
5984:
5677:
5662:
5344:
5191:
4997:
4976:
4965:
4930:
4797:
4787:
4745:
4636:
4503:
4305:
4130:
4125:
4057:
4042:
4010:
3786:
3484:
1913:
1235:
1211:, surviving an attack and rape in New Guinea before dying in a road accident in
1106:
959:
938:
899:
596:
538:
407:
The phrase "bird watching" appeared for the first time as the title of the book
393:
271:
146:(1602): "She laments sir... her husband goes this morning a-birding." The terms
101:
2036:
Proc. Status and Managem. of Neotrop. Migr. Birds. eds. D. Finch and P. Stangel
1165:
considers birdwatching to be an expression of the male hunting instinct, while
1082:, Birding-Aus from Australia, SABirdnet from South Africa and Orientalbirding.
58:
6080:
6032:
5941:
5697:
5612:
5461:
5323:
5262:
5241:
5073:
5057:
4992:
4937:
4909:
4841:
4806:
4684:
4532:
4367:
4342:
4100:
3891:
3761:"Birding Controversy: Two Birders Claim 10,000 Species Record on the Same Day"
3307:
2803:
2724:
2572:
2415:
2347:
1967:
1925:
1796:
1262:
1212:
895:
883:
630:
554:
381:
117:
86:
1975:
1584:
1524:
1181:
more reduction in distress than more generic nature exposure, such as walks.
17:
5915:
5812:
5639:
5622:
5421:
5376:
5165:
4958:
4875:
4859:
4848:
4758:
4694:
4653:
4352:
4153:
4140:
4120:
4020:
3624:
3526:
3347:
3330:
3272:
3161:
2907:
2642:"Artificial intelligence enhances monitoring of threatened marbled murrelet"
2603:"A Twitch in Time Saves Nine: Birdwatching, Sport, and Civilizing Processes"
2493:
1437:
1307:
1170:
1001:
980:
967:
for binoculars), have made this a much more widespread aspect of the hobby.
954:
941:
has always been a part of birding, but in the past the cost of cameras with
691:
584:
571:
323:
90:
2776:
2365:
2272:
2184:
2034:
Birding economics and birder demographics studies as conservation tools in
1479:
170:
distribution, migration timing, and habitat usage. Whereas these dedicated
2449:
1726:
In the Field, Among the Feathered: A History of Birders & Their Guides
154:
are today used by some interchangeably, although some participants prefer
37:"Birding" and "Birdwatchers" redirect here. For the hunting of birds, see
5979:
5652:
5627:
5389:
5119:
5094:
5040:
4951:
4923:
4813:
4777:
4769:
4751:
4646:
4631:
4615:
4362:
4325:
4158:
2618:
1284:
1208:
1159:
1124:
by eBird and have locations of sightings hidden from the general public.
1064:
1048:
1023:. These systems represent new technologies in the birdwatcher's toolkit.
741:
724:
715:
686:
Because of their accessibility and ubiquity, birds are a useful tool for
603:
birding, though birders also seek pelagic species from seagoing vessels.
3877:
1997:
1944:"Birdwatching, Twitching and Tourism: towards an Australian perspective"
1592:
1560:
5832:
5776:
5766:
5299:
5152:
5031:
4916:
4882:
4820:
4641:
4495:
4487:
4180:
4052:
4037:
4027:
3446:"Birdwatching can help students improve mental health, reduce distress"
3210:
1758:
Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
1576:
1349:
875:
600:
283:
279:
275:
38:
3940:
2222:
2220:
550:
Project Puffin to conserve puffin populations off the Atlantic Coast.
5687:
5563:
5429:
5368:
5144:
5136:
5065:
5005:
4889:
4827:
4710:
4377:
4372:
4250:
3881:
1242:. They logged their 4,341st species on 31 December 2008, in Ecuador.
738:
Big Day: teams have 24 hours to identify as many species as possible.
622:
287:
94:
838:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
104:, who engage in the study of birds using formal scientific methods.
364:
Birdwatching photographers, New South Wales, June 1921, AH Chisholm
318:
is the act of concealing news of a rare bird from other twitchers.
5837:
5771:
5315:
5102:
4665:
2852:
Newton, Ian; Kavanagh, Rodney; Olsen, Jerry; Taylor, Iain (2002).
1116:
865:
754:: See as many birds as possible between December 14 and January 5.
670:
612:
570:
506:
359:
2631:
Dunne, P. (2007). Big Day Big Stay. Birder's World, 21(5), 18–21.
2134:"Could a birding boom in the U.S. help conservation take flight?"
5598:
5291:
4658:
4621:
4591:
4005:
3971:
3886:
3810:
The Feathery Tribe: Robert Ridgway and the Modern Study of Birds
3467:
Peterson, M. Nils; Larson, Lincoln R.; et al. (June 2024).
3394:
2107:"Fågelskådare bidrar med 36 miljarder dollar till USA:s ekonomi"
1134:
871:
675:
Moroccan students watching birds at Nador's lagoon as a part of
291:
78:
5567:
4455:
3944:
5413:
4270:
4032:
3331:"Gender patterns in bird-related recreation in the USA and UK"
1614:
Dudley, Steve; Benton, Tim; Fraser, Peter; Ryan, John (2010).
803:
302:), which is native to North America. Twitchers have developed
646:, or follow carefully designed study protocols. This kind of
259:. A rare bird that stays long enough for people to see it is
471:
Increased mobility of birdwatchers ensured that books like
306:. For example, a twitcher who fails to see a rare bird has
3430:
Law, J.; Lynch, M. (1990). Lynch, M.; Woolgar, S. (eds.).
3118:"eBird Is Now Censoring Sightings for 325 At-Risk Species"
3577:
Through the Tiger's Eyes: A Chronicle of India's Wildlife
2663:
Duarte, Adam; Weldy, Matthew J.; et al. (May 2024).
1097:
and the official Audubon Society app. Other apps utilize
575:
Birders at J.N. "Ding" Darling National Wildlife Refuge,
332:
that they have identified visually. Some also maintain a
270:
Twitching is highly developed in the United Kingdom, the
2389:"Impacts of birdwatching on human and avian communities"
1998:"The History of Audubon and Bird Conservation | Audubon"
1893:
Gómez de Silva, Héctor; Alvarado Reyes, Ernesto (2010).
3259::The appropriation of birds by Danish ornithologists".
827:
2095:. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Arlington, Virginia.
3904:
magazine, covering the period 1968–2006, appeared in
2227:
Schwoerer, Tobias; Dawson, Natalie G. (6 July 2022).
3832:
A Bird in the Bush: A Social History of Birdwatching
3360:
3358:
2109:. Swedish Ornithologic Society. 2009. Archived from
1215:. She saw as many as 8,400 species. The birdwatcher
558:
birding can bring about an increased penetration of
310:; if other twitchers do see the bird, they may feel
81:, either as a recreational activity or as a form of
6171:
6053:
6015:
5785:
5742:
5605:
5388:
5343:
5282:
5253:
5224:
5203:
5164:
5127:
5118:
5085:
5048:
5039:
5030:
4975:
4899:
4858:
4796:
4768:
4744:
4720:
4693:
4614:
4601:
4562:
4531:
4470:
4386:
4289:
4189:
4139:
4066:
3996:
3686:
The Biggest Twitch: Around the World in 4,000 Birds
1500:
1498:
723:list, state list, provincial list, county list, or
174:may often travel specifically in search of birds,
1223:was killed by a tiger in February 1985. In 1971,
979:, the development of more compact and affordable
3658:"World's greatest birdwatcher sets a new record"
1674:. Princeton University Press. pp. 156–157.
93:, by listening for bird sounds, watching public
1464:. Frome & London: Butler & Tanner Ltd.
190:
188:magazine which gave the following definitions:
3178:. American Birding Association. 3 January 2020
3063:"We Helped Scientists Track Birds This Summer"
2792:International Journal of Web Based Communities
5579:
3956:
3448:. North Carolina State University. 3 May 2024
1866:Aerts, R.; Lerouge, F.; November, E. (2019).
1698:In: Patterson, D., Thompson, R., Bryson, S.,
882:Equipment commonly used for birding includes
8:
3887:All About Birds – Cornell Lab of Ornithology
2541:. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. 2003.
2056:"The Popularity of Birding is Still Growing"
2054:Cordell, H. Ken; Herbert, Nancy G. (2002).
706:Birdwatchers watching Britain's fifth-ever
515:, pictured, is a goal for some birdwatchers
128:was in 1712 by William Oldsworth. The term
97:, or by viewing smart bird feeder cameras.
5586:
5572:
5564:
5124:
5045:
5036:
5027:
4765:
4611:
4598:
4559:
4555:
4528:
4467:
4463:
4452:
4448:
3963:
3949:
3941:
3713:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 255.
3574:Breeden, Stanley; Wright, Belinda (1997).
2982:"OBC | club news | email groups"
1861:
1859:
6156:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
3738:. Chelsea Green Publishing. p. 228.
3434:. Cambridge: MIT Press. pp. 267–299.
3346:
2680:
2554:"Citizens, science and bird conservation"
2355:
2262:
2252:
1382:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
854:Learn how and when to remove this message
781:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
734:Competitive birdwatching events include:
402:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
62:Three people birdwatching with binoculars
3854:Of a Feather: A Brief History of Birding
3011:"The Best Birding Apps and Field Guides"
2081:
2079:
1540:"Why the term 'twitch' ruffles feathers"
701:
231:, sometimes misapplied as a synonym for
111:
57:
2476:Birds and Weather A Birdwatcher's Guide
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1279:depicted three birders competing in an
1051:to convey information; this can be via
2322:Kronenberg, Jakub (1 September 2014).
2200:"Conservation through commodification"
3656:McCarthy, Michael (15 October 2012).
3005:
3003:
2644:. Oregon State University. 2 May 2024
2303:from the original on 29 November 2021
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
1173:noted in Papua New Guinean cultures.
499:Anglophone countries or Scandinavia.
7:
5522:
3329:C. B., Cooper; Smith, J. A. (2010).
3234:"Blinded by Science: Birding Brains"
587:zones are during the spring or fall
108:Birding, birdwatching, and twitching
5546:
3684:Davies, Alan; Miller, Ruth (2010).
3473:Journal of Environmental Psychology
3092:"A Beginner's Guide to Using eBird"
2820:Computer networking in ornithology
2165:Journal of Environmental Management
1462:Bill Oddie's Little Black Bird Book
124:The first recorded use of the term
3892:Birders, Banders, & Binoculars
2140:. 2 September 2021. Archived from
1559:Law, John; Lynch, Michael (1988).
975:As with the arrival of affordable
487:Handbook of the Birds of the World
132:was also used for the practice of
25:
4424:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
2856:. CSIRO Publishing. p. 353.
2509:"Paying Farmers to Welcome Birds"
1785:Journal of the History of Biology
1706:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,
1538:Poole, Steven (19 January 2019).
511:Spotting rare birds, such as the
503:Economic and environmental impact
158:, partly because it includes the
5733:
5545:
5533:
5521:
5510:
5509:
5400:(New World vultures and condors)
3688:. A & C Black. p. 298.
3553:. American Birding Association.
3146:. Simply Wild Publications Inc.
808:
41:. For the capture of birds, see
3759:Walsh, Martin (27 March 2024).
3607:Confessions of a Scilly Birdman
3090:McKee, Jenny (7 October 2022).
2535:An introduction to birdwatching
1219:who was leading a bird tour in
783:in the United Kingdom, and the
352:, or any combination of these.
136:or hunting with firearms as in
5885:The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck
2507:Robbins, Jim (14 April 2014).
2387:Sekercioglu, Cagan H. (2002).
2198:Sekercioglu, Cagan H. (2003).
1047:, birders have been using the
681:Spanish Ornithological Society
450:American Ornithologists' Union
1:
6161:Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust
3255:Liep, John (2001). "Airborne
2769:10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00342-5
2705:Scottish Geographical Journal
2682:10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112016
2177:10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.07.017
2086:Pullis La Rouche, G. (2003).
1770:10.1016/S1369-8486(01)00034-6
1704:Early American Nature Writers
1133:limiting use of photography,
898:, a notepad, and one or more
777:British Trust for Ornithology
656:British Trust for Ornithology
454:British Trust for Ornithology
32:Birdwatching (disambiguation)
3288:Human Dimensions of Wildlife
3116:Minor, Nick (7 March 2018).
3036:Bowman, Dale (8 July 2021).
2552:Greenwood, J. J. D. (2007).
2254:10.1371/journal.pone.0268594
1507:Anoraks to Zitting Cisticola
1422:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
1367:American Birding Association
1338:List of ornithology journals
1281:American Birding Association
785:American Birding Association
729:American Birding Association
679:activities organized by the
418:Birds through an Opera Glass
329:American Birding Association
27:Amateur observation of birds
5897:Jonathan Livingston Seagull
5849:The Conference of the Birds
5464:(woodpeckers and relatives)
3736:The (Big) Year That Flew By
3580:. Ten Speed Press. p.
3549:Snetsinger, Phoebe (2003).
3511:. Hudson Street Publisher.
3485:10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102306
1914:10.28947/hrmo.2010.11.1.109
1729:, Oxford University Press,
1419:Pete Dunne on Bird Watching
1250:In early February of 2024,
834:the claims made and adding
771:Networking and organization
553:One of the expectations of
356:The history of birdwatching
162:aspects of enjoying birds.
6236:
6179:Human–dinosaur coexistence
5878:A History of British Birds
5684:In mythology and religion
5326:(cormorants and relatives)
4419:Extinct species since 1500
3508:To See Every Bird on Earth
3456:– via Science Daily.
2652:– via Science Daily.
2607:Sociology of Sport Journal
2396:Environmental Conservation
1372:Cornell Lab of Ornithology
1188:
1152:
1113:Cornell Lab of Ornithology
921:recording and reproduction
789:Cornell Lab of Ornithology
660:Cornell Lab of Ornithology
629:bottleneck, seen from the
143:The Merry Wives of Windsor
36:
29:
6184:Category:Birds and humans
6111:Henry Constantine Richter
5731:
5505:
5456:(kingfishers and rollers)
5310:(albatrosses and petrels)
5194:(swifts and hummingbirds)
5176:(nightjars and relatives)
5026:
5000:(pheasants and relatives)
4558:
4527:
4466:
4462:
4451:
4447:
3983:
3812:. Yale University Press.
3791:Birders: Tales of a Tribe
3734:Dwarshuis, Arjan (2023).
3308:10.1080/10871200801982795
2804:10.1504/IJWBC.2005.006932
2725:10.1080/14702540701624568
2573:10.1007/s10336-007-0239-9
2416:10.1017/S0376892902000206
2348:10.1007/s00267-014-0317-8
1968:10.1080/00049180902964942
1797:10.1007/s10739-004-1499-3
528:The Sibley Guide to Birds
5796:Bird-and-flower painting
5355:(seriemas and relatives)
5334:(pelicans and relatives)
3551:Birding on Borrowed Time
3374:Robinson, J. C. (2005).
3176:"Code of Birding Ethics"
2601:Sheard, Kenneth (1999).
2328:Environmental Management
1723:Dunlap, Thomas R. 2011.
1377:National Audubon Society
1293:is a short documentary.
800:Equipment and technology
388:, often associated with
321:Many birders maintain a
116:A birdwatching tower in
45:. For the magazine, see
5448:(hornbills and hoopoes)
5363:(falcons and relatives)
3896:Idaho Public Television
3711:Birding without Borders
3709:Strycker, Noah (2017).
3409:"About Birding For All"
3348:10.5751/ES-03603-150404
3273:10.1111/1467-8322.00077
3144:The Art of Birdwatching
2827:. SUNY Press. pp.
2817:Hailman, J. P. (1996).
2437:Eubanks, T. L. (2007).
2065:: 54–61. Archived from
1694:Shearin, Gloria. 2008.
1387:World Series of Birding
1043:With the advent of the
1021:ivory-billed woodpecker
758:World Series of Birding
688:environmental education
677:environmental education
667:Environmental education
6151:BirdLife International
6091:John Gerrard Keulemans
6043:of the Tower of London
5904:In theatre and ballet
5713:Driven grouse shooting
5432:(trogons and quetzals)
5244:(cranes and relatives)
4514:(emus and cassowaries)
4404:Glossary of bird terms
4216:Confuciusornithiformes
3900:A six-part History of
3808:Lewis, Daniel (2012).
3232:Maddox, Bruno (2006).
3142:Bumstead, Pat (2004).
2561:Journal of Ornithology
2474:Moss, Stephen (1995).
2031:Kerlinger, P. (1993).
1942:Connell, John (2009).
1006:portable media players
988:Portable media players
943:super-telephoto lenses
879:
793:BirdLife International
719:
683:
634:
579:
516:
365:
218:
121:
63:
5273:(kagu and sunbittern)
5236:(gulls and relatives)
4241:Songlingornithiformes
4206:Omnivoropterygiformes
3856:. Orlando: Harcourt.
3505:Koeppel, Dan (2005).
3199:Qualitative Sociology
2956:"Sabirdnet Info Page"
2878:"BirdChat Guidelines"
2669:Ecological Indicators
2294:responsibletravel.org
1948:Australian Geographer
1670:Barrow, Mark (1998).
1620:T. & A. D. Poyser
1616:Rare Birds Day by Day
1509:. Allen & Unwin.
1505:Dooley, Sean (2007).
1333:List of birding books
1221:Corbett National Park
1094:Sibley Guide to Birds
1004:can be classified as
981:digital video cameras
953:, referred to by the
869:
705:
674:
616:
574:
510:
363:
300:Vermivora chrysoptera
296:golden-winged warbler
115:
61:
6069:The Birds of America
5855:Ode to a Nightingale
5095:Phoenicopteriformes
3605:Hunt, David (1985).
3397:. Gay Birders' Club.
2936:on 17 September 2006
2619:10.1123/ssj.16.3.181
2439:"Bare-naked birding"
1460:Oddie, Bill (1980).
1416:Dunne, Pete (2003).
1287:, and the 2019 film
1191:List of birdwatchers
1155:Biophilia hypothesis
752:Christmas Bird Count
708:white-tailed lapwing
644:Christmas Bird Count
513:Antioquia brushfinch
473:Where to Watch Birds
304:their own vocabulary
49:. For the film, see
30:For other uses, see
6220:Observation hobbies
6106:Roger Tory Peterson
5066:Mesitornithiformes
5060:(doves and pigeons)
4394:Families and orders
4256:Ichthyornithiformes
4231:Patagopterygiformes
3335:Ecology and Society
3300:2008HDW....13..187S
3071:. 22 September 2023
2717:2007ScGJ..123..122C
2455:on 19 November 2011
2408:2002EnvCo..29..282S
2340:2014EnMan..54..617K
2245:2022PLoSO..1768594S
2144:on 2 September 2021
2072:on 28 October 2008.
1960:2009AuGeo..40..203C
1672:A Passion for Birds
1328:Important Bird Area
1185:Famous birdwatchers
1086:Mobile applications
1012:Remote birdwatching
466:great crested grebe
433:Roger Tory Peterson
51:Birdwatchers (film)
6215:Outdoor recreation
6121:Archibald Thorburn
6064:John James Audubon
5408:(eagles and hawks)
5308:Procellariiformes
5213:Opisthocomiformes
5182:Steatornithiformes
4409:List by population
4246:Hongshanornithidae
4171:Evolution of birds
3910:magazine in 2006:
3894:Video produced by
3261:Anthropology Today
3211:10.1007/BF02422253
3068:The New York Times
2478:. London: Hamlyn.
1872:. SpringerNature.
1577:10.1007/BF00177306
1392:BirdLife Australia
1344:Similar activities
1323:Butterfly watching
1318:Black Birders Week
1240:The Biggest Twitch
1163:Nikolaas Tinbergen
951:afocal photography
917:bird vocalizations
902:. Hides (known as
880:
819:possibly contains
720:
684:
635:
580:
560:ecosystem services
517:
404:began in Britain.
366:
122:
64:
47:Birding (magazine)
6197:
6196:
6132:Conservationists
6101:Richard Lewington
5891:The Ugly Duckling
5708:Cormorant fishing
5635:Bird conservation
5561:
5560:
5501:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5485:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5477:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5294:(loons or divers)
5263:Phaethontiformes
5255:Phaethontimorphae
5205:Opisthocomiformes
5174:Caprimulgiformes
5114:
5113:
5103:Podicipediformes
5022:
5021:
5018:
5017:
5014:
5013:
4740:
4739:
4523:
4522:
4480:Struthioniformes
4348:Waterfowl hunting
4281:Gastornithiformes
4276:Aepyornithiformes
4266:Lithornithiformes
3863:978-0-151-01247-3
3850:Weidensaul, Scott
3819:978-0-300-17552-3
3745:978-1-64502-191-9
3720:978-0-544-55814-4
3695:978-1-4081-2387-4
3646:Moss 2004:240–241
3616:978-0-7099-3724-1
3591:978-0-89815-847-2
3560:978-1-878788-41-2
3518:978-1-4193-3299-9
3411:. Birding for All
3364:Moss 2004:316–330
3153:978-0-9689278-2-3
3042:Chicago Sun-Times
2863:978-0-643-06794-3
2838:978-0-7914-2853-5
2745:Moss 2004:267–275
2485:978-0-600-58679-1
2113:on 25 March 2010.
1879:978-3-030-04954-6
1853:Moss 2004:252–253
1835:Moss 2004:234–235
1826:Moss 2004:233–234
1746:Moss 2004:104–106
1681:978-0-691-04402-6
1629:978-1-4081-3795-6
1516:978-1-74175-272-4
1471:978-0-413-47820-7
1429:978-0-395-90686-6
1205:Phoebe Snetsinger
1167:Simon Baron-Cohen
1143:Hastings Rarities
864:
863:
856:
821:original research
764:Migration Madness
619:Strait of Messina
16:(Redirected from
6227:
5737:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5565:
5549:
5548:
5537:
5525:
5524:
5513:
5512:
5465:
5457:
5449:
5441:
5438:Leptosomiformes
5433:
5425:
5417:
5409:
5406:Accipitriformes
5401:
5380:
5379:(perching birds)
5372:
5364:
5356:
5335:
5327:
5319:
5311:
5303:
5300:Sphenisciformes
5295:
5274:
5266:
5245:
5237:
5234:Charadriiformes
5216:
5195:
5177:
5156:
5148:
5145:Musophagiformes
5140:
5125:
5106:
5098:
5077:
5069:
5061:
5046:
5037:
5028:
5001:
4988:
4766:
4762:
4755:
4668:
4661:
4625:
4612:
4608:
4599:
4595:
4560:
4556:
4529:
4515:
4507:
4499:
4491:
4483:
4468:
4464:
4453:
4449:
4316:Bird collections
4271:Dinornithiformes
4176:Darwin's finches
4166:Origin of flight
4106:Seabird breeding
4096:Sexual selection
3965:
3958:
3951:
3942:
3867:
3845:
3823:
3804:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3670:
3653:
3647:
3644:
3638:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3546:
3540:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3371:
3365:
3362:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3229:
3223:
3222:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3007:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2984:. Archived from
2978:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2962:on 23 April 2008
2958:. Archived from
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2932:. Archived from
2926:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2906:. Archived from
2900:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2880:. Archived from
2874:
2868:
2867:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2814:
2808:
2807:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2752:
2746:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2684:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2638:
2632:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2590:on 19 July 2011.
2589:
2583:. Archived from
2558:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2454:
2448:. Archived from
2443:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2393:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2359:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2302:
2291:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2266:
2256:
2224:
2215:
2214:
2204:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2171:(4): 1350–1360.
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2130:
2115:
2114:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2083:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2060:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1931:on 23 July 2011.
1930:
1924:. Archived from
1899:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1863:
1854:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1738:
1721:
1715:
1696:Neltje Blanchan.
1692:
1686:
1685:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1571:(2/3): 271–303.
1556:
1550:
1549:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1502:
1493:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1457:
1442:
1441:
1413:
1149:Socio-psychology
1105:application and
1099:machine learning
859:
852:
848:
845:
839:
836:inline citations
812:
811:
804:
577:Sanibel, Florida
216:
215:, Volume 1, No.2
180:Birding Glossary
21:
6235:
6234:
6230:
6229:
6228:
6226:
6225:
6224:
6200:
6199:
6198:
6193:
6167:
6049:
6011:
5781:
5738:
5729:
5601:
5592:
5562:
5557:
5469:
5463:
5455:
5447:
5446:Bucerotiformes
5440:(cuckoo-roller)
5439:
5431:
5423:
5415:
5407:
5399:
5398:Cathartiformes
5384:
5378:
5370:
5369:Psittaciformes
5362:
5354:
5339:
5333:
5332:Pelecaniformes
5325:
5317:
5309:
5301:
5293:
5278:
5272:
5271:Eurypygiformes
5264:
5249:
5243:
5235:
5220:
5214:
5199:
5193:
5175:
5160:
5154:
5146:
5138:
5110:
5104:
5096:
5081:
5075:
5074:Pterocliformes
5067:
5059:
5010:
4999:
4986:
4971:
4895:
4854:
4792:
4757:
4756:
4749:
4748:
4736:
4716:
4689:
4666:
4659:
4619:
4618:
4606:
4605:
4589:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4577:
4575:
4573:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4565:
4550:
4548:
4546:
4544:
4542:
4540:
4538:
4536:
4534:
4519:
4513:
4512:Casuariiformes
4505:
4504:Apterygiformes
4497:
4489:
4481:
4458:
4443:
4414:Lists by region
4382:
4292:
4285:
4226:Chaoyangiformes
4211:Jeholornithidae
4185:
4149:Origin of birds
4135:
4116:Brood parasites
4062:
3992:
3979:
3969:
3874:
3864:
3848:
3842:
3834:. Aurum Press.
3826:
3820:
3807:
3801:
3793:. Grove Press.
3785:
3782:
3777:
3776:
3766:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3746:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3696:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3668:
3666:
3663:The Independent
3655:
3654:
3650:
3645:
3641:
3636:
3632:
3617:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3592:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3561:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3538:
3534:
3519:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3489:
3487:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3451:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3414:
3412:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3380:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3363:
3356:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3285:
3284:
3280:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3181:
3179:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3154:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3126:
3124:
3122:www.audubon.org
3115:
3114:
3110:
3100:
3098:
3096:www.audubon.org
3089:
3088:
3084:
3074:
3072:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3046:
3044:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3017:. 4 August 2015
3015:www.audubon.org
3009:
3008:
3001:
2991:
2989:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2965:
2963:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2939:
2937:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2913:
2911:
2910:on 20 June 2008
2904:"EBN Info Page"
2902:
2901:
2897:
2887:
2885:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2864:
2851:
2850:
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2839:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2687:
2685:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2626:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2587:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2517:
2515:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2486:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2441:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2239:(7): e0268594.
2226:
2225:
2218:
2202:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2147:
2145:
2132:
2131:
2118:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2092:
2085:
2084:
2077:
2069:
2058:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2040:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2006:
2004:
2002:www.audubon.org
1996:
1995:
1991:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1928:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1880:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1741:
1722:
1718:
1693:
1689:
1682:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1630:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1517:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1472:
1459:
1458:
1445:
1430:
1415:
1414:
1405:
1400:
1299:
1271:
1193:
1187:
1157:
1151:
1130:
1128:Code of conduct
1121:citizen science
1088:
1061:bulletin-boards
1029:
1014:
994:digital cameras
990:
977:digital cameras
973:
963:" or sometimes
947:digital cameras
936:
915:Recognition of
913:
911:Sound equipment
860:
849:
843:
840:
825:
813:
809:
802:
773:
700:
669:
648:citizen science
640:
608:drift migration
569:
505:
443:Neltje Blanchan
422:Florence Bailey
398:Audubon Society
358:
217:
211:
110:
83:citizen science
54:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6233:
6231:
6223:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6202:
6201:
6195:
6194:
6192:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6175:
6173:
6169:
6168:
6166:
6165:
6164:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6147:Organisations
6145:
6144:
6143:
6138:
6130:
6129:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6057:
6055:
6051:
6050:
6048:
6047:
6046:
6045:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6019:
6017:
6013:
6012:
6010:
6009:
6008:
6007:
6002:
5994:
5993:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5974:
5969:
5968:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5955:Animated films
5952:
5945:
5938:
5928:
5927:
5926:
5919:
5912:
5902:
5901:
5900:
5893:
5888:
5881:
5871:
5870:
5869:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5842:
5841:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5828:Gallic rooster
5825:
5820:
5815:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5801:Feather tights
5798:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5748:
5746:
5740:
5739:
5732:
5730:
5728:
5727:
5726:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5702:
5701:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5682:
5681:
5680:
5675:
5673:Model organism
5667:
5666:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5631:
5630:
5625:
5615:
5609:
5607:
5603:
5602:
5593:
5591:
5590:
5583:
5576:
5568:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5543:
5531:
5519:
5506:
5503:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5487:
5486:
5483:
5482:
5479:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5459:
5454:Coraciiformes
5451:
5443:
5435:
5430:Trogoniformes
5427:
5419:
5411:
5403:
5394:
5392:
5386:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5377:Passeriformes
5374:
5366:
5361:Falconiformes
5358:
5353:Cariamiformes
5349:
5347:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5337:
5329:
5321:
5316:Ciconiiformes
5313:
5305:
5297:
5288:
5286:
5280:
5279:
5277:
5276:
5268:
5259:
5257:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5247:
5239:
5230:
5228:
5226:Cursorimorphae
5222:
5221:
5219:
5218:
5209:
5207:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5197:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5170:
5168:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5158:
5150:
5142:
5133:
5131:
5122:
5116:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5109:
5108:
5100:
5091:
5089:
5087:Mirandornithes
5083:
5082:
5080:
5079:
5071:
5063:
5058:Columbiformes
5054:
5052:
5050:Columbimorphae
5043:
5034:
5024:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5003:
4995:
4990:
4985:Meleagridinae
4981:
4979:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4941:
4934:
4927:
4920:
4913:
4905:
4903:
4901:Odontophoridae
4897:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4864:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4845:
4838:
4831:
4824:
4817:
4810:
4802:
4800:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4774:
4772:
4763:
4742:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4726:
4724:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4714:
4707:
4699:
4697:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4682:
4680:Stictonettinae
4677:
4675:Dendrocygninae
4672:
4671:
4670:
4663:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4628:
4626:
4609:
4596:
4553:
4525:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4509:
4501:
4493:
4485:
4476:
4474:
4460:
4459:
4456:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4428:Notable birds
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4390:
4388:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4378:Egg collecting
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4297:
4295:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4261:Hesperornithes
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4236:Ambiortiformes
4233:
4228:
4223:
4221:Enantiornithes
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4195:
4193:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4156:
4145:
4143:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4072:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4024:
4023:
4013:
4008:
4002:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3960:
3953:
3945:
3939:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3898:
3889:
3884:
3873:
3872:External links
3870:
3869:
3868:
3862:
3846:
3840:
3824:
3818:
3805:
3799:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3763:. ExplorersWeb
3751:
3744:
3726:
3719:
3701:
3694:
3676:
3648:
3639:
3630:
3615:
3609:. Croom Helm.
3597:
3590:
3566:
3559:
3541:
3532:
3517:
3497:
3459:
3437:
3422:
3400:
3386:
3366:
3354:
3321:
3294:(3): 187–200.
3278:
3247:
3224:
3205:(3): 215–241.
3189:
3167:
3152:
3134:
3108:
3082:
3054:
3028:
2999:
2988:on 4 July 2008
2973:
2947:
2921:
2895:
2884:on 12 May 2008
2869:
2862:
2844:
2837:
2809:
2798:(3): 346–359.
2782:
2763:(1–2): 77–88.
2747:
2738:
2711:(2): 122–134.
2695:
2655:
2633:
2624:
2613:(3): 181–205.
2593:
2544:
2525:
2513:New York Times
2499:
2484:
2466:
2429:
2402:(3): 282–289.
2379:
2334:(3): 617–630.
2314:
2278:
2216:
2190:
2155:
2116:
2098:
2075:
2046:
2023:
2014:
1989:
1954:(2): 203–217.
1934:
1885:
1878:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1828:
1819:
1810:
1791:(3): 515–555.
1775:
1748:
1739:
1716:
1687:
1680:
1662:
1653:
1644:
1635:
1628:
1606:
1551:
1530:
1515:
1494:
1485:
1470:
1443:
1428:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1313:Bird migration
1310:
1305:
1298:
1295:
1273:The 2011 film
1270:
1267:
1252:Peter Kaestner
1186:
1183:
1171:Kula valuables
1150:
1147:
1129:
1126:
1103:Merlin Bird ID
1087:
1084:
1045:World Wide Web
1028:
1025:
1013:
1010:
989:
986:
972:
969:
935:
932:
912:
909:
888:spotting scope
862:
861:
816:
814:
807:
801:
798:
772:
769:
768:
767:
761:
755:
749:
745:
739:
699:
696:
668:
665:
639:
636:
568:
565:
504:
501:
438:Bird Neighbors
429:Ludlow Griscom
378:George Montagu
357:
354:
209:
109:
106:
102:ornithologists
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6232:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6207:
6205:
6190:
6189:Zoomusicology
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6170:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6131:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6076:Thomas Bewick
6074:
6071:
6070:
6065:
6062:
6061:
6060:Illustrators
6059:
6058:
6056:
6052:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6014:
6006:
6005:Chicken dance
6003:
6001:
5998:
5997:
5995:
5991:
5990:Feather cloak
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5960:Chicken films
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5950:
5946:
5944:
5943:
5939:
5937:
5936:
5932:
5931:
5929:
5925:
5924:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5913:
5911:
5910:
5906:
5905:
5903:
5899:
5898:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5886:
5882:
5880:
5879:
5875:
5874:
5872:
5868:
5867:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5846:
5845:
5843:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5810:
5809:
5806:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5784:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5745:
5741:
5736:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5718:Plume hunting
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5683:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5658:Pigeon racing
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5589:
5584:
5582:
5577:
5575:
5570:
5569:
5566:
5554:
5553:
5544:
5542:
5541:
5536:
5532:
5530:
5529:
5520:
5518:
5517:
5508:
5507:
5504:
5466:
5460:
5458:
5452:
5450:
5444:
5442:
5436:
5434:
5428:
5426:
5420:
5418:
5414:Strigiformes
5412:
5410:
5404:
5402:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5391:
5387:
5381:
5375:
5373:
5367:
5365:
5359:
5357:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5346:
5342:
5336:
5330:
5328:
5322:
5320:
5314:
5312:
5306:
5304:
5298:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5287:
5285:
5281:
5275:
5269:
5267:
5265:(tropicbirds)
5261:
5260:
5258:
5256:
5252:
5246:
5240:
5238:
5232:
5231:
5229:
5227:
5223:
5217:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5206:
5202:
5196:
5190:
5188:
5187:Podargiformes
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5167:
5163:
5157:
5151:
5149:
5143:
5141:
5137:Cuculiformes
5135:
5134:
5132:
5130:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5117:
5107:
5101:
5099:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5078:
5072:
5070:
5064:
5062:
5056:
5055:
5053:
5051:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4978:
4974:
4968:
4967:
4963:
4961:
4960:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4898:
4892:
4891:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4873:
4871:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4861:
4857:
4851:
4850:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4839:
4837:
4836:
4835:Macrocephalon
4832:
4830:
4829:
4825:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4795:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4767:
4764:
4760:
4753:
4747:
4743:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4723:
4722:Anseranatidae
4719:
4713:
4712:
4708:
4706:
4705:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4696:
4692:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4669:
4664:
4662:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4623:
4617:
4613:
4610:
4604:
4600:
4597:
4593:
4587:
4561:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4530:
4526:
4516:
4510:
4508:
4502:
4500:
4496:Tinamiformes
4494:
4492:
4486:
4484:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4473:
4472:Palaeognathae
4469:
4465:
4461:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4358:Pigeon racing
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4288:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4200:Archaeopteryx
4197:
4196:
4194:
4192:
4188:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4065:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3977:
3973:
3966:
3961:
3959:
3954:
3952:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3903:
3899:
3897:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3871:
3865:
3859:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3843:
3841:1-85410-993-6
3837:
3833:
3829:
3828:Moss, Stephen
3825:
3821:
3815:
3811:
3806:
3802:
3800:0-871-13844-1
3796:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3762:
3755:
3752:
3747:
3741:
3737:
3730:
3727:
3722:
3716:
3712:
3705:
3702:
3697:
3691:
3687:
3680:
3677:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3652:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3637:Moss 2004:242
3634:
3631:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3608:
3601:
3598:
3593:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3578:
3570:
3567:
3562:
3556:
3552:
3545:
3542:
3539:Moss 2004:261
3536:
3533:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3514:
3510:
3509:
3501:
3498:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3463:
3460:
3447:
3441:
3438:
3433:
3426:
3423:
3410:
3404:
3401:
3396:
3390:
3387:
3379:
3378:
3370:
3367:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3349:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3325:
3322:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3282:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3251:
3248:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3228:
3225:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3193:
3190:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3149:
3145:
3138:
3135:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3109:
3097:
3093:
3086:
3083:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3043:
3039:
3032:
3029:
3016:
3012:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2974:
2961:
2957:
2951:
2948:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2896:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2865:
2859:
2855:
2848:
2845:
2840:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2813:
2810:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2786:
2783:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2751:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2699:
2696:
2683:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2659:
2656:
2643:
2637:
2634:
2628:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2597:
2594:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2567:(1): 77–124.
2566:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2545:
2537:
2536:
2529:
2526:
2514:
2510:
2503:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2477:
2470:
2467:
2451:
2447:
2440:
2433:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2390:
2383:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2318:
2315:
2299:
2295:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2213:(4): 394–402.
2212:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2156:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2091:
2090:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2068:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2047:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2027:
2024:
2021:Moss 2004:265
2018:
2015:
2003:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1935:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1886:
1881:
1875:
1871:
1870:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1847:
1844:Moss 2004:250
1841:
1838:
1832:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1817:Moss 2004:128
1814:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1779:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1688:
1683:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1648:
1645:
1639:
1636:
1631:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1610:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1565:Human Studies
1562:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1546:
1541:
1534:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1508:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1489:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1463:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1361:Institutions:
1356:
1355:Planespotting
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1245:
1244:Noah Strycker
1241:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1192:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1138:
1136:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1053:mailing lists
1050:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1038:Cley, Norfolk
1035:
1027:Communication
1026:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
998:mobile phones
995:
987:
985:
982:
978:
970:
968:
966:
962:
961:
956:
952:
948:
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933:
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918:
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908:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
877:
873:
868:
858:
855:
847:
844:November 2023
837:
833:
829:
823:
822:
817:This section
815:
806:
805:
799:
797:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
770:
765:
762:
759:
756:
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746:
743:
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737:
736:
735:
732:
730:
726:
718:, 6 June 2007
717:
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531:
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525:
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514:
509:
502:
500:
497:
496:Degua Tembien
491:
489:
488:
482:
481:Ornitholidays
478:
474:
469:
467:
463:
462:Tom Harrisson
457:
455:
451:
446:
444:
440:
439:
434:
430:
425:
423:
419:
414:
413:Edmund Selous
410:
409:Bird Watching
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
386:Victorian Era
383:
379:
375:
374:Thomas Bewick
371:
370:Gilbert White
362:
355:
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339:
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68:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
43:Bird trapping
40:
33:
19:
18:Bird-watching
6210:Birdwatching
6136:Niels Krabbe
6086:Lars Jonsson
6067:
6023:Golden eagle
5965:Horror films
5949:The Big Year
5947:
5940:
5933:
5923:The Firebird
5921:
5914:
5907:
5895:
5883:
5876:
5864:
5860:To a Skylark
5847:
5648:Cockfighting
5618:Birdwatching
5617:
5550:
5538:
5526:
5514:
5424:(mousebirds)
5422:Coliiformes
5292:Gaviiformes
5284:Aequornithes
5192:Apodiformes
5153:Otidiformes
5129:Otidimorphae
5076:(sandgrouse)
4998:Phasianinae
4964:
4957:
4950:
4945:Odontophorus
4943:
4936:
4929:
4922:
4915:
4908:
4888:
4881:
4874:
4867:
4847:
4840:
4833:
4826:
4819:
4812:
4805:
4783:Oreophasinae
4729:
4709:
4702:
4607:(waterfowls)
4603:Anseriformes
4353:Cockfighting
4338:Conservation
4333:Bird feeding
4321:Birdwatching
4320:
4311:Ornithomancy
4251:Gansuiformes
4198:
4191:Fossil birds
4081:Intelligence
3905:
3901:
3853:
3831:
3809:
3790:
3787:Cocker, Mark
3780:Bibliography
3765:. Retrieved
3754:
3735:
3729:
3710:
3704:
3685:
3679:
3667:. Retrieved
3661:
3651:
3642:
3633:
3606:
3600:
3576:
3569:
3550:
3544:
3535:
3507:
3500:
3488:. Retrieved
3476:
3472:
3462:
3450:. Retrieved
3440:
3431:
3425:
3413:. Retrieved
3403:
3389:
3376:
3369:
3338:
3334:
3324:
3291:
3287:
3281:
3267:(5): 10–15.
3264:
3260:
3256:
3250:
3244:(12): 66–67.
3241:
3237:
3227:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3180:. Retrieved
3170:
3143:
3137:
3125:. Retrieved
3121:
3111:
3099:. Retrieved
3095:
3085:
3073:. Retrieved
3066:
3057:
3045:. Retrieved
3041:
3031:
3019:. Retrieved
3014:
2990:. Retrieved
2986:the original
2976:
2964:. Retrieved
2960:the original
2950:
2938:. Retrieved
2934:the original
2930:"Birding-Au"
2924:
2912:. Retrieved
2908:the original
2898:
2886:. Retrieved
2882:the original
2872:
2853:
2847:
2823:
2819:
2812:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2741:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2686:. Retrieved
2672:
2668:
2658:
2646:. Retrieved
2636:
2627:
2610:
2606:
2596:
2585:the original
2564:
2560:
2547:
2534:
2528:
2516:. Retrieved
2512:
2502:
2475:
2469:
2457:. Retrieved
2450:the original
2445:
2432:
2399:
2395:
2382:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2305:. Retrieved
2293:
2281:
2236:
2232:
2210:
2206:
2193:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2146:. Retrieved
2142:the original
2137:
2111:the original
2101:
2088:
2067:the original
2062:
2049:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2017:
2005:. Retrieved
2001:
1992:
1951:
1947:
1937:
1926:the original
1905:
1901:
1888:
1868:
1849:
1840:
1831:
1822:
1813:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1761:
1757:
1751:
1742:
1724:
1719:
1703:
1699:
1690:
1671:
1665:
1660:Moss 2004:88
1656:
1651:Moss 2004:72
1647:
1642:Moss 2004:10
1638:
1615:
1609:
1568:
1564:
1554:
1545:The Guardian
1543:
1533:
1506:
1492:Moss 2004:33
1488:
1461:
1418:
1360:
1359:
1343:
1342:
1303:Bird feeding
1288:
1276:The Big Year
1274:
1272:
1256:
1249:
1239:
1233:
1229:Kenn Kaufman
1202:
1198:Stuart Keith
1194:
1179:
1175:
1158:
1139:
1131:
1111:
1092:
1089:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1069:social media
1063:, web-based
1042:
1033:
1030:
1015:
991:
974:
964:
958:
937:
929:
925:
914:
903:
900:field guides
881:
850:
841:
818:
774:
733:
721:
712:Caerlaverock
685:
653:
641:
625:, a classic
605:
594:
581:
552:
548:
544:
536:
532:
527:
526:
522:
518:
492:
485:
480:
477:John Gooders
472:
470:
458:
447:
436:
426:
417:
408:
406:
367:
349:
345:
341:
337:
334:country list
333:
322:
320:
315:
311:
307:
299:
294:, to view a
269:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
245:tally-hunter
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:
212:
205:Bird-watcher
204:
203:
198:
197:
192:
191:
183:
182:appeared in
179:
176:birdwatchers
175:
171:
166:
164:
155:
152:birdwatching
151:
147:
141:
133:
129:
125:
123:
99:
70:
67:Birdwatching
66:
65:
55:
6141:Peter Scott
6126:Joseph Wolf
6116:Joseph Smit
6096:Edward Lear
6033:Pigeon/Dove
6000:Cendrawasih
5985:Feather boa
5976:In fashion
5808:In heraldry
5786:In the arts
5723:Wildfowling
5704:In hunting
5693:Sacred ibis
5678:Ornithology
5669:In science
5663:Vinkensport
5552:WikiProject
5462:Piciformes
5345:Australaves
5324:Suliformes
5242:Gruiformes
5097:(flamingos)
5006:Tetraoninae
4977:Phasianidae
4966:Rhynchortyx
4931:Dactylortyx
4798:Megapodidae
4788:Penelopinae
4746:Galliformes
4488:Rheiformes
4482:(ostriches)
4432:individuals
4306:Ornithology
4293:interaction
4048:Preen gland
3395:"Home page"
3182:12 December
2459:22 December
2307:29 November
2148:29 November
1714:. pp.62–69.
1236:Tom Gullick
1107:iNaturalist
1080:Eurobirdnet
1034:Countryside
971:Videography
965:digibinning
960:digiscoping
939:Photography
934:Photography
698:Competition
597:Seawatching
539:Ramsar site
342:county list
316:Suppression
312:gripped off
272:Netherlands
249:tick-hunter
227:. The term
138:Shakespeare
126:birdwatcher
6204:Categories
6081:John Gould
5844:In poetry
5818:Crow/Raven
5698:Sky burial
5613:Aviculture
5606:Activities
5302:(penguins)
5155:(bustards)
4993:Perdicinae
4938:Dendrortyx
4910:Callipepla
4842:Megapodius
4807:Aepypodius
4685:Tadorninae
4667:true geese
4498:(tinamous)
4457:Neornithes
4368:Pheasantry
4343:Aviculture
4111:Incubation
4101:Lek mating
3669:16 October
3127:3 November
3101:3 November
3075:3 November
3047:3 November
3021:3 November
2940:26 October
2757:Toxicology
2518:5 February
1735:0199734593
1712:0313346801
1398:References
1263:Bill Oddie
1259:Pete Dunne
1225:Ted Parker
1217:David Hunt
1213:Madagascar
1189:See also:
1160:Ethologist
1153:See also:
1067:and other
1002:camcorders
896:smartphone
884:binoculars
828:improve it
692:ecosystems
638:Monitoring
631:Peloritani
589:migrations
567:Activities
555:ecotourism
441:(1897) by
431:and later
420:(1889) by
390:collection
382:John Clare
338:state list
308:dipped out
261:twitchable
241:pot-hunter
118:Hankasalmi
87:binoculars
5996:In dance
5935:The Birds
5916:Swan Lake
5909:The Birds
5873:In prose
5813:Avalerion
5644:In sport
5640:Fletching
5623:Bird hide
5595:Human use
5371:(parrots)
5215:(hoatzin)
5166:Strisores
5147:(turacos)
5139:(cuckoos)
5068:(mesites)
4987:(turkeys)
4959:Philortyx
4876:Agelastes
4869:Acryllium
4860:Numididae
4849:Talegalla
4759:gamebirds
4752:landfowls
4731:Anseranas
4695:Anhimidae
4654:Anserinae
4437:fictional
4159:dinosaurs
4154:Theropoda
4141:Evolution
4086:Migration
4068:Behaviour
3934:2001–2006
3930:1994–2000
3926:1988–1993
3922:1981–1887
3918:1975–1980
3914:1968–1974
3767:16 August
3316:143802893
3219:144678537
2733:128827585
1984:143560339
1976:0004-9182
1922:252627895
1764:(1): 53.
1601:144536028
1585:0163-8548
1525:174092376
1308:Bird hide
1234:In 2012,
1065:databases
955:neologism
832:verifying
725:year list
633:mountains
627:migration
585:temperate
350:year list
346:yard list
324:life list
265:chaseable
221:Twitching
120:, Finland
91:telescope
75:observing
73:, is the
5980:Aigrette
5972:In music
5930:In film
5744:Products
5653:Falconry
5628:Big year
5516:Category
5390:Afroaves
5318:(storks)
5120:Passerea
5105:(grebes)
5041:Columbea
4952:Oreortyx
4924:Cyrtonyx
4814:Alectura
4778:Cracinae
4770:Cracidae
4647:Oxyurini
4637:Aythyini
4632:Anatinae
4616:Anatidae
4363:Falconry
4326:big year
4181:Seabirds
4091:Foraging
4038:Feathers
3852:(2007).
3830:(2004).
3789:(2002).
3625:12080015
3527:68757783
3341:(4): 4.
3238:Discover
3162:56329274
2992:6 August
2966:6 August
2914:6 August
2888:6 August
2777:11164976
2581:21914046
2494:33207495
2424:86375465
2366:24993794
2298:Archived
2273:35793337
2233:PLOS ONE
2185:17766033
1908:: 9–20.
1805:83849594
1737:. p. 47.
1593:20009028
1438:50228297
1297:See also
1285:big year
1269:In media
1209:melanoma
1076:Birdchat
1049:Internet
787:and the
748:counted.
742:Big Year
716:Scotland
394:colonies
229:twitcher
210:—
160:auditory
6172:Related
6028:Penguin
6016:Species
5833:Martlet
5792:In art
5777:Poultry
5767:Feather
5752:Chicken
5528:Commons
5032:Neoaves
4917:Colinus
4883:Guttera
4821:Eulipoa
4642:Mergini
4506:(kiwis)
4490:(rheas)
4301:Ringing
4126:Hybrids
4121:Nesting
4076:Singing
4053:Plumage
4028:Dactyly
3998:Anatomy
3988:Outline
3978:: Aves)
3907:Birding
3902:Birding
3878:Birding
3415:19 June
3296:Bibcode
2829:167–175
2713:Bibcode
2446:Birding
2404:Bibcode
2374:7657835
2357:4129236
2336:Bibcode
2264:9258859
2241:Bibcode
2207:Birding
2063:Birding
2007:2 April
1956:Bibcode
1902:Huitzil
1480:8960462
1350:Mothing
1290:Birders
1135:pishing
876:Finland
826:Please
601:pelagic
284:Finland
280:Ireland
276:Denmark
225:chasing
213:Birding
199:Birding
185:Birding
172:birders
156:birding
148:birding
134:fowling
130:birding
95:webcams
71:birding
39:Fowling
6054:People
5688:Augury
5540:Portal
5416:(owls)
4890:Numida
4828:Leipoa
4711:Chauna
4704:Anhima
4399:Genera
4373:Imping
4291:Human
4131:Colony
4058:Vision
4043:Flight
3882:Curlie
3860:
3838:
3816:
3797:
3742:
3717:
3692:
3623:
3613:
3588:
3557:
3525:
3515:
3490:15 May
3452:15 May
3314:
3217:
3160:
3150:
2860:
2835:
2775:
2731:
2688:15 May
2648:15 May
2579:
2492:
2482:
2422:
2372:
2364:
2354:
2271:
2261:
2183:
2138:Travel
1982:
1974:
1920:
1876:
1803:
1733:
1710:
1700:et al.
1678:
1626:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1523:
1513:
1478:
1468:
1436:
1426:
1057:forums
1000:, and
904:blinds
892:tripod
727:. The
658:. The
623:Sicily
288:Sweden
253:twitch
237:ticked
233:birder
193:Birder
167:birder
6038:Raven
5838:Turul
5823:Eagle
5772:Guano
5599:birds
4660:swans
4622:ducks
4592:fowls
4387:Lists
4011:Brain
3976:class
3972:Birds
3381:(PDF)
3312:S2CID
3215:S2CID
2729:S2CID
2588:(PDF)
2577:S2CID
2557:(PDF)
2539:(PDF)
2453:(PDF)
2442:(PDF)
2420:S2CID
2392:(PDF)
2370:S2CID
2301:(PDF)
2290:(PDF)
2203:(PDF)
2093:(PDF)
2070:(PDF)
2059:(PDF)
2041:(PDF)
1980:S2CID
1929:(PDF)
1918:S2CID
1898:(PDF)
1801:S2CID
1597:S2CID
1589:JSTOR
1283:Area
1117:eBird
890:with
257:chase
255:or a
247:, or
89:or a
79:birds
69:, or
5866:Crow
5757:Down
4033:Eggs
4021:milk
4016:Crop
4006:Beak
3858:ISBN
3836:ISBN
3814:ISBN
3795:ISBN
3769:2024
3740:ISBN
3715:ISBN
3690:ISBN
3671:2012
3621:OCLC
3611:ISBN
3586:ISBN
3555:ISBN
3523:OCLC
3513:ISBN
3492:2024
3454:2024
3417:2023
3257:kula
3184:2022
3158:OCLC
3148:ISBN
3129:2023
3103:2023
3077:2023
3049:2023
3023:2023
2994:2008
2968:2008
2942:2006
2916:2008
2890:2008
2858:ISBN
2833:ISBN
2773:PMID
2690:2024
2650:2024
2520:2016
2490:OCLC
2480:ISBN
2461:2011
2362:PMID
2309:2021
2269:PMID
2181:PMID
2150:2021
2009:2024
1972:ISSN
1874:ISBN
1731:ISBN
1708:ISBN
1676:ISBN
1624:ISBN
1581:ISSN
1521:OCLC
1511:ISBN
1476:OCLC
1466:ISBN
1434:OCLC
1424:ISBN
1261:and
894:, a
886:, a
872:Oulu
779:and
617:The
380:and
292:Kent
286:and
150:and
5942:Kes
5762:Egg
5597:of
3880:at
3582:173
3481:doi
3343:doi
3304:doi
3269:doi
3207:doi
2800:doi
2765:doi
2761:157
2721:doi
2709:123
2677:doi
2673:162
2615:doi
2569:doi
2565:148
2412:doi
2352:PMC
2344:doi
2259:PMC
2249:doi
2173:doi
1964:doi
1910:doi
1793:doi
1766:doi
1573:doi
1115:'s
830:by
710:at
475:by
411:by
263:or
140:'s
77:of
6206::
3932:,
3928:,
3924:,
3920:,
3916:,
3660:.
3619:.
3584:.
3521:.
3479:.
3477:96
3475:.
3471:.
3357:^
3339:15
3337:.
3333:.
3310:.
3302:.
3292:13
3290:.
3265:17
3263:.
3242:27
3240:.
3236:.
3213:.
3203:17
3201:.
3156:.
3120:.
3094:.
3065:.
3040:.
3013:.
3002:^
2831:.
2822:in
2794:.
2771:.
2759:.
2727:.
2719:.
2707:.
2675:.
2671:.
2667:.
2611:16
2609:.
2605:.
2575:.
2563:.
2559:.
2511:.
2488:.
2444:.
2418:.
2410:.
2400:29
2398:.
2394:.
2368:.
2360:.
2350:.
2342:.
2332:54
2330:.
2326:.
2296:.
2292:.
2267:.
2257:.
2247:.
2237:17
2235:.
2231:.
2219:^
2211:35
2209:.
2205:.
2179:.
2169:88
2167:.
2136:.
2119:^
2078:^
2061:.
2000:.
1978:.
1970:.
1962:.
1952:40
1950:.
1946:.
1916:.
1906:11
1904:.
1900:.
1858:^
1799:.
1789:37
1787:.
1762:33
1760:.
1702:,
1622:.
1618:.
1595:.
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