363:
1541:
1437:
1560:
1725:. Lerman takes this as a hint that the astronomically astute Jewish sages of the time concluded that the Jewish year 3417 was a first year in the cycle of 28 years. Moreover, Lerman suggests that these same Jewish sages would have reasoned that year 3421 was a first year in the 19-year cycle, in accordance with an ancient tradition that the world was created in the first week of the month of
2236:
40:
2250:
1740:
Lerman surmises that the Jewish sages at the time could argue for a determination of the position of their years in both cycles and could therefore compute the absolute year-count modulo 532 years. They were left with a number of options, 532 years apart from each other, and Lerman suggests that they
440:
According to most opinions, the blessing may only be recited if the Sun can be seen. However, if the Sun is completely blocked by clouds, there is a minority view that allows the blessing to be recited nevertheless, because essentially the blessing is on the concurrence of the Sun's physical position
644:
might be reconvened, and compensates for it by moving the date of the equinox almost every century. There was no shift between 1909 and 2009, however, because of the exception regarding years divisible by 400; thus, the year 2000 did contain a
February 29 and no compensation was necessary. The table
639:
equinox usually jumps a day every century because the algorithm that established the
Gregorian calendar dictates that leap years do not occur in years divisible by 100, unless also divisible by 400. Jewish law, however, provides no means for changing the established calendar until such a time as the
1741:
chose the dating closest to what seemed to be the truth according to a literal interpretation of biblical accounts. The sages legally defined future equinox times by instituting the 28-year cycle, to protect the Hebrew dating against future change, and to leave a remembrance to what they had done.
601:
The last day of the Julian calendar was
Thursday, 4 October 1582 and this was followed by the first day of the Gregorian calendar, Friday, 15 October. Thus, while the halachic vernal equinox occurred on March 25 until 1582, in 1583 it occurred on April 4 of the new Gregorian Calendar. However, the
176:
that is recited to the
Creator, thanking God for creating the sun. The blessing is recited when the Sun completes its cycle every 28 years on a Tuesday at sundown. Jewish tradition says that when the Sun completes this cycle, it has returned to its position when the world was created. Because the
681:
maintains that the Sun was created in the position of the vernal equinox immediately after sundown on the fourth day of the week of
Creation, which is equivalent to sunset on Tuesday of that week. If that is considered time zero (t=0), and subsequent years' vernal equinoxes occur one day and six
712:
The 28-year cycle is based on a solar year of 365.25 days, which is only nearly precise. The Hebrew calendar itself uses a solar year of 365.2468222 days, but utilizes the less precise approximation of 365.25 for Birkat
Hachama so that the blessing might occur with some frequency.
1720:
shifts away from the spring equinox as history proceeds. A simple astronomical calculation shows that 84 cycles of 28 years before 5769, in the Jewish year 3417, the spring equinox was in the beginning of the night before the fourth day of the week as stipulated by the
482:
fourth day, so to speak, is on
Tuesday evening at sundown. The 28-year cycle therefore begins and ends at the point in time when the Sun was created, this being sundown on Tuesday. The Sun only returns to this exact position at sundown on a Tuesday once every 28 years.
705:
Every four years sees a jump of an additional day because the four six-hour periods sum to a full day. This is somewhat similar to a solar leap year occurring every 4 years to account for the four quarter days that accrued at a rate of a quarter day per year.
486:
Despite the rigorous calculations that follow, there is no synchronization of this prayer and the actual astronomical point in time when the Sun crosses the celestial equator; the symbolism is no different from a situation in which the
740:
56a. We create this table by noting that in the Bible the stars were created on
Wednesday at twilight so we place Saturn (the first "star") at hour 1 (or 6:00 p.m.). Then we follow with all the six other "planets"
198:
is estimated as 365.25 days and the "Blessing of the Sun", being said at the beginning of this cycle, is thus recited every 10,227 (28 times 365.25) days. The last time that it was recited was on April 8, 2009 (14
1777:. A Halachic Exposition on the Solar Cycle And the Order of the Blessing of the Sun. Also, 11 short steps to construct a Jewish Calendar. Bais Medrash Ateres Yisroel, 827 Cornaga Avenue, Far Rockaway, N.Y., 2009.
212:
From an astronomical point of view, there is nothing special to these dates; e.g. the Sun, Moon, planets and stars will not be aligned in any specific pattern. The text of the blessing itself is as follows:
3127:
674:
July 3, 1936, however, was on a Friday and not a
Thursday because the six hours that accrued over each of the four years effectively adds another calendar day (i.e. 6 hours ร 4 years = 24 hours = 1 day).
656:
year of 365.25 days is equivalent to 52 weeks, 1 day and 6 hours. This means that any given date will, three times out of four, appear a day later in the calendar week in a subsequent year. For example:
338:
Shmuel stated: The vernal equinox occurs only at the beginning of one of the four quarters of the day, either at the beginning of the day or at the beginning of the night, or midday or midnight. The
547:
vernal equinox historically fell out on March 25 every year. This halachic equinox now falls about 17 days after the true equinox, with the error increasing by about 3/4 of a day per century.
728:
This table represents a week with all the 24 hours marked and labeled by the "planet", actually a celestial light in direct translation, which corresponds to them according to the ancient
709:
Although the proper time for the blessing would be at sundown on
Tuesday April 7, the Sun is no longer visible at sundown; the blessing is therefore delayed until the following morning.
1517:: it is an opportunistic blessing recited only if one happens to see the sun in this state; such blessings (another example is the annual blessing upon seeing flowering fruit trees in
1705:("cycles") that are observed in Jewish traditionโthe "small" 19-year cycle which is the basis of the Jewish calendar, and the "big" 28-year cycle which determines the year in which
342:
only occurs either at the end of 1.5 or at the end of 7.5 hours of the day or the night. The autumnal equinox only occurs at the end of 3 or 9 hours of the day or the night. The
1416:
will occur one day and six hours later on this chart, or on Thursday at the sixth hour, Jupiter. Each year this will shift another day and six hours. It will take 28 years for
1733:. Since every 19 years the solar and lunar calendars align, and the Spring equinox of 3421 occurred early in the night leading to the fourth day of the Jewish month of
1903:. Spring is approximately 92.84 days long, summer is approximately 93.6 days long, autumn is approximately 89.8 days long and winter is approximately 89.02 days long.
399:
As explained below, the blessing is recited on the morning after the Sun completes its cycle; ideally, it should be recited at sunrise, referred to in Jewish law as
1754:. A Halachic Analysis And Anthology With A New Translation And Commentary. Overviews by Rabbi Nosson Scherman. Mesorah Publications: Brooklyn, N.Y., January 2009.
2972:
2239:
2090:. Many Biblical commentators, including Rashi, insist that the luminaries were, in fact, created on the first day and only suspended in place on the fourth day.
554:
is recited when the halachic vernal equinox (the position at which the Sun was created) occurs at sundown on a Tuesday (the time at which the sun was created).
1428:
is said 18 days later. This inaccuracy accrued over thousands of years as a result of using the inexact calculation of Samuel for the length of the year.
2282:
350:
Shmuel's calculations, however, are imprecise because the Earth does not travel around the Sun with a constant speed. His imprecision, according to
2370:
346:
only occurs at the end of 4.5 or 10.5 hours of the day or the night. The duration of a season of the year is no longer than 91 days and 7.5 hours.
1767:
2300:
1709:
is recited. Mathematically, if one knows the position of a certain year in both cycles, one can compute the number associated to the year
593:
A method to avoid further incorporation of excess days was put into place, whereby February 29 would be skipped according to a particular
649:
occurs; note that the equinox does not occur at sunset (time=0) on the fourth day (Tuesday) any other years in the entire 28-year cycle.
1941:
1759:
362:
590:
Ten days were removed in order to compensate for the incorporation of excess days since the establishment of the Julian calendar.
48:
1412:. Therefore, a year is assumed to be 52 weeks and one day and six hours (365.25 days). This means that a year after creation
2182:
378:
states that this blessing, generally said upon experiencing natural phenomena, should also be recited upon witnessing the
177:
blessing needs to be said when the Sun is visible, the blessing is postponed to the following day, on Wednesday morning.
3052:
2921:
2275:
256:
Our rabbis taught: "One who sees the sun at its turning point...recites the blessing of the maker of works of creation."
2121:
396:
as referring to the point in time at which the Sun returns to the start of its cycle, similar to when it was created.
2434:
122:
Recitation of blessing, along with various Sun-related biblical texts, while outdoors and in the presence of the Sun
3117:
2254:
458:
1540:
3112:
3002:
2047:
405:
2387:
1892:
2662:
2424:
2268:
583:
1821:
3047:
2840:
2148:
181:
602:
Jewish calendar was in no need of such a modification, and remained uninfluenced by it. As a result, the
543:. Because both the Julian calendar and Jewish tradition define a solar year as exactly 365.25 days, the
111:
2152:
403:. It is preferred to recite the blessing with a multitude of people, in keeping with the principle of
2687:
264:(elided here) speaks of other astronomical phenomena, the interpretation of which is ambiguous. The
2931:
1568:
1930:
Bircas Hachammah, Blessing of the Sun: Renewal of the Creation: a Halachic Analysis and Anthology
1710:
1399:
757:, and Moon) and repeat the order until all the hours of the week have a "star" assigned to them.
571:
327:
2365:
2074:
2208:
3017:
2870:
2599:
2502:
2105:
2070:
1937:
1861:
1763:
1755:
1436:
575:
450:
354:, was a function of the desire of the time to avoid the necessity of manipulating fractions.
3032:
2429:
2332:
2327:
1896:
1444:
754:
729:
351:
2183:"Question 161 โ When next will Birkat HaHamah not be recited in the Hebrew month of Nisan?"
457:
makes a 28-year cycle to return to the position that it was in when the Universe was first
3085:
3081:
3072:
2778:
2701:
2439:
2352:
2109:
1925:
1670:
1529:
should take care to wear a new garment or have a new fruit close by, to remove all doubt.
1408:
717:
567:
540:
343:
339:
206:
158:
63:
2021:
606:
vernal equinox has been shifting slightly forward in the Gregorian year ever since 1582.
1701:
by pointing out a possible connection between the traditional Hebrew dating and the two
3027:
3012:
2901:
1960:
478:
considers the time unit of a day to span from evening to evening, the beginning of the
423:
375:
3106:
2860:
2855:
2835:
2715:
2652:
2637:
2589:
2558:
2548:
2523:
2485:
2291:
2186:
1420:
to return to being on Wednesday at twilight. It is worth noting that the true spring
1403:
518:
501:
411:
393:
315:
222:
Blessed are You, LORD, our God, King of the Universe who made the works of creation.
3122:
3007:
2875:
2850:
2710:
2677:
2667:
2475:
2460:
1559:
1549:
1466:
582:
to be celebrated in the appropriate time according to an agreement reached at the
2951:
2755:
2657:
2642:
2538:
2342:
2212:
1954:
1716:
Because the astronomical year is slightly shorter than 365.25 days, the date of
645:
at right depicts all the vernal equinoxes from 1981 to 2009, two years in which
522:
367:
27:
Jewish blessing, thanking God for creating the sun. Recited once every 28 years.
17:
2880:
2760:
2470:
2444:
2382:
2125:
1394:(Spring) in the first year of creation, the Hebrew year 1. For the purpose of
195:
110:
Traditionally, the coincidence of the Sun's return to its location during the
3093: Daily in Israel and in some Sephardic communities even in the Diaspora
2992:
2982:
2926:
2808:
2803:
2750:
2495:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2376:
2312:
1933:
1553:
1390:. So hour 1 (sunset) on Wednesday on this chart represents the beginning of
641:
594:
2936:
2235:
1713:
532 (19 times 28), given that the starting point of both cycles is year 1.
39:
2249:
421:
insist that it be recited within the first three hours after sunrise. The
3022:
2916:
2906:
2896:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2770:
2765:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2604:
2533:
2518:
2360:
2243:
1801:
429:
173:
388:= sun at its turning point). This term, quoted from the above-mentioned
3066:
3042:
2987:
2967:
2911:
2845:
2830:
2697:
2632:
2614:
2553:
2465:
1421:
742:
539:
definition of the vernal equinox by establishing it on March 25 of the
535:
495:
475:
389:
237:
170:
100:
44:
464:
According to Jewish tradition, the Sun was created on the fourth day (
2997:
2946:
2941:
2865:
2682:
2672:
2624:
2609:
2594:
2584:
2576:
2543:
2528:
2490:
2392:
2337:
1722:
579:
530:
514:
417:
319:
266:
243:
566:(that is, using the 25th of March) was invalidated in 1582 when the
1459:
Baruch Atah A-donai E-loheinu Melech Ha`olam Oseh Ma`aseh Breisheet
586:
in 325 CE. To recalibrate the calendar, two adjustments were made:
2647:
2480:
2164:
2100:
2087:
1856:
1558:
1539:
1518:
1435:
750:
733:
489:
361:
311:
290:
201:
2977:
2260:
1878:
1382:
It is assumed that the world was created in the Hebrew month of
746:
2264:
1737:, it follows that 3421 was the first year of a 19-year cycle.
454:
166:
90:
1752:
Birchas Hachammah. Blessing Of The Sun โ Renewal Of Creation
1677:
will always fall on March 26 in the Julian calendar. While
326:
This explanation provided by Abaye is based on a ruling of
2000:
1998:
631:
In 2309, the halachic vernal equinox will fall on April 10
1800:
This coincided with the day before the Jewish Holiday of
628:
In 2209, the halachic vernal equinox will fall on April 9
625:
In 2109, the halachic vernal equinox will fall on April 8
3128:
Hebrew words and phrases in Jewish prayers and blessings
307:ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืื ืชืงืืคืช ื ืืกื ืืฉืืชืื ืืืืจืชื ืืชืืช ื ืืื ืืจืืข
1513:
blessing is not recited. There is no obligation to say
517:, there is a tradition that the Sun was created in its
253:ืชื ื ืจืื ื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืชืงืืคืชื...ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืขืืฉื ืืขืฉื ืืจืืฉืืช
433:
that it is permitted the blessing to be recited until
1784:. Hamodia Magazine, February 11, 2009, p. 10โ14.
1775:
Yiro'ucho Im Shomesh (May they fear you with the Sun)
1729:, and thus the sun was created on the fourth day of
2960:
2889:
2696:
2623:
2575:
2511:
2453:
2351:
2320:
2311:
2185:. Hebrew Calendar Science and Myths. Archived from
2171:
56a, derived by multiplying Samuel's season by four
1685:, this is not always the case; it will occur on 29
760:
622:
In 2009, the halachic vernal equinox was on April 7
619:
In 1909, the halachic vernal equinox was on April 7
616:
In 1809, the halachic vernal equinox was on April 6
613:
In 1709, the halachic vernal equinox was on April 5
610:
In 1609, the halachic vernal equinox was on April 4
521:position at the beginning of the springtime Jewish
142:
134:
126:
118:
106:
96:
86:
59:
32:
3080: Only on Shabbat and holidays, according to
2240:Jews around the world recite special sun blessing
322:, on the evening of Tuesday going into Wednesday.
303:
282:
249:
215:
146:every 28 years (next occurrence: April 8, 2037)
114:at the time of the week at which it was created
461:at the time (Tuesday evening) it was created.
2276:
1406:is used not the more accurate calculation of
219:ืืจืื ืืชื ื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืขืืฉื ืืขืฉื ืืจืืฉืืช
8:
1805:
1681:usually occurs in the Jewish lunar month of
465:
383:
310:...when the cycle renews and the "season of
305:
284:
271:
251:
217:
189:
180:According to Judaism, the Sun has a 28-year
68:
2317:
2308:
2283:
2269:
2261:
231:The primary source for the institution of
38:
29:
2122:"Calculating the Date of Birkat Hachamah"
1822:"Calculating the Date of Birkat Hachamah"
682:hours later, it would appear as follows:
578:. The calendar was adjusted to allow for
130:Wednesday April 8th, every 28 years, dawn
51:on Wednesday, April 8, 2009, the date of
1891:This was recognized and commented on by
1846:, Ktav Publishing House, 1979, page 268.
427:, however, states on behalf of numerous
1793:
1697:Moshe Lerman suggested a background to
1669:assume a 365.25-day solar year and the
1673:also assumes a 365.25-day solar year,
1578:Wednesday, 7 April 1897 (5 Nisan 5657)
499:would fall out by day on a Sunday and
1982:229:2 + associated commentary of the
1958:229:2 + associated commentary of the
82:). Translation: "Blessing of the Sun"
7:
2301:List of Jewish prayers and blessings
1844:A Guide to Jewish Religious Practice
689:Year 2: Day 5 at midnight (Thursday)
562:This method of marking the cycle of
301:explains the basis of the 28 years:
270:clarifies when the 'turning point' (
1820:Schamroth, Dr. Julian; et al.
1806:
1574:Occurrences in the last 120 years:
701:Year 6: Day 3 at midnight (Tuesday)
474:) of the week of Creation. Because
466:
384:
306:
285:
272:
252:
218:
190:
162:
69:
2209:"Why Do We Live in the Year 5765?"
732:of "planet" order. It is based on
25:
692:Year 3: Day 6 at sunrise (Friday)
686:Year 1: Day 4 at sunset (Tuesday)
260:The middle of this clause in the
2248:
2234:
1689:II (April 10) in the year 2233.
1450:The service generally includes:
698:Year 5: Day 2 at sunset (Sunday)
695:Year 4: Day 7 at noon (Saturday)
1824:. Chabad-Lubavitch Media Center
3077: On Mondays and Thursdays
2973:Prayer for the State of Israel
1773:Avrohom Blumenkrantz (Rabbi).
286:ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืดื ืฉื ืื
1:
2086:Genesis 1:14 + commentary of
670:July 3, 1935 was on Wednesday
1665:Note: Because the dates for
1646:Wednesday, 9 April 2121 (21
1639:Wednesday, 8 April 2093 (12
1625:Wednesday, 8 April 2037 (23
1606:Wednesday, 8 April 2009 (14
1592:Wednesday, 8 April 1953 (23
1581:Wednesday, 8 April 1925 (14
1486:regarding the obligation of
441:with the timing of the day.
2207:Moshe Lerman (2005-05-08).
1657:Wednesday, 9 April 2149 (2
1632:Wednesday, 8 April 2065 (2
1599:Wednesday, 8 April 1981 (4
667:July 3, 1934 was on Tuesday
289:And when does this happen?
3144:
724:How the date is calculated
664:July 3, 1933 was on Monday
661:July 3, 1932 was on Sunday
533:settled disputes over the
358:Codification in Jewish law
293:answers: every 28 years...
3061:
2307:
2298:
1750:J. David Bleich (Rabbi).
1654:/Seventh Day of Passover)
718:Hebrew calendar: Accuracy
37:
2435:Atah Hu Adonai L'Vadecha
1934:Mesorah Publications ltd
1893:Isaac Israeli ben Joseph
194:, "the great cycle"). A
1424:occurs on March 21 yet
584:First Council of Nicaea
531:The sages of the Talmud
366:Blessing of the Sun in
2841:Yom Tov Torah readings
2361:Mizmor Shir (Psalm 30)
1692:
1571:
1556:
1525:. Those who do recite
1447:
406:b'rov am hadrat melech
392:, is explained by the
371:
348:
330:also mentioned in the
324:
295:
258:
227:Source of the practice
224:
2663:Baruch HaShem Le'Olam
2425:Baruch HaShem Le'Olam
2371:Songs of thanksgiving
1562:
1543:
1470:blessing, do so here.
1439:
1398:, the calculation of
505:falls out on Monday.
365:
336:
138:Third hour of the day
112:Creation of the world
2257:at Wikimedia Commons
1895:, a disciple of the
1432:Order of the service
1402:for the length of a
570:was replaced by the
513:As explained in the
169:") refers to a rare
3048:HaAderet v'HaEmunah
1782:Blessing Of The Sun
1621:will occur next on
1547:8 April 2009, 6:25,
1482:A passage from the
380:chammah bi-tkufatah
276:) mentioned in the
165:, "Blessing of the
49:Bel-Air, California
3090: On fast days
3003:Al Netilat Yadayim
2890:Seasonal additions
1932:. Brooklyn, N.Y.:
1652:Shvi'i Shel Pesach
1572:
1557:
1464:Those who say the
1448:
1400:Samuel of Nehardea
572:Gregorian calendar
558:The solar calendar
509:The vernal equinox
372:
3118:Nisan observances
3100:
3099:
3018:El Malei Rachamim
2932:Yom Kippur Avodah
2688:Mourner's Kaddish
2571:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2253:Media related to
1768:978-0-89906-175-7
1379:
1378:
736:'s commentary to
576:Pope Gregory XIII
451:Babylonian Talmud
449:According to the
401:haneitz hachammah
241:mentioned in the
150:
149:
16:(Redirected from
3135:
3113:Jewish blessings
3033:Tefilat HaDerech
2716:Kabbalat Shabbat
2430:Vayivarech David
2328:Birkot hashachar
2318:
2309:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2262:
2252:
2238:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2178:
2172:
2161:
2155:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2118:
2112:
2097:
2091:
2084:
2078:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2044:
2038:
2031:
2025:
2018:
2012:
2002:
1993:
1992:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1951:
1945:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1889:
1883:
1872:
1866:
1853:
1847:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1817:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1798:
761:
730:geocentric model
469:
468:
387:
386:
352:Abraham ibn Ezra
309:
308:
288:
287:
275:
274:
255:
254:
221:
220:
193:
192:
164:
87:Observed by
76:Birkat Hachammah
72:
71:
42:
30:
21:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3082:Nusach Ashkenaz
3057:
2956:
2885:
2779:Pesukei dezimra
2692:
2619:
2563:
2507:
2449:
2366:Barukh she'amar
2353:Pesukei dezimra
2347:
2303:
2294:
2289:
2255:Birkat Hachamah
2231:
2226:
2217:
2215:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2192:
2190:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2162:
2158:
2143:
2139:
2130:
2128:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2098:
2094:
2085:
2081:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2048:Shaarei Teshuva
2045:
2041:
2032:
2028:
2019:
2015:
2003:
1996:
1990:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1952:
1948:
1926:J. David Bleich
1923:
1919:
1911:
1907:
1890:
1886:
1873:
1869:
1854:
1850:
1841:
1837:
1827:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1780:Yehudah Marks.
1747:
1695:
1693:Lerman's thesis
1671:Julian calendar
1567:
1548:
1538:
1533:Occurrences of
1457:The blessing: "
1434:
1409:Adda bar Ahavah
1380:
726:
568:Julian calendar
560:
541:Julian calendar
511:
447:
360:
344:winter solstice
340:summer solstice
229:
207:Hebrew calendar
55:
28:
23:
22:
18:Birkat HaHammah
15:
12:
11:
5:
3141:
3139:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3105:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3078:
3075:
3069:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3038:Birkat Hachama
3035:
3030:
3028:Kiddush levana
3025:
3020:
3015:
3013:Birkat HaMazon
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2902:Avinu Malkeinu
2899:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2871:Birkat Cohanim
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2629:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2581:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2499:
2498:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2385:
2380:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2315:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2246:
2230:
2229:External links
2227:
2225:
2224:
2199:
2173:
2156:
2137:
2113:
2092:
2079:
2059:
2039:
2026:
2013:
2005:Mishnah Brurah
1994:
1972:
1961:Mishnah Brurah
1946:
1917:
1905:
1884:
1867:
1848:
1842:Klein, Isaac,
1835:
1812:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1746:
1743:
1718:Birkat Hachama
1707:Birkat Hachama
1699:Birkat Hachama
1694:
1691:
1679:Birkat Hachama
1675:Birkat Hachama
1667:Birkat Hachama
1663:
1662:
1655:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1619:Birkat Hachama
1616:
1615:
1614:/Passover Eve)
1604:
1597:
1590:
1589:/Passover Eve)
1579:
1564:Birkat Hachama
1545:Birkat Hachama
1537:
1535:Birkat Hachama
1531:
1515:Birkat Hachama
1507:
1506:
1501:The mourner's
1499:
1494:
1491:
1488:Birkat Hachama
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1462:
1455:
1454:Psalms 148:1โ6
1441:Birkat Hachama
1433:
1430:
1426:Birkat Hachama
1418:Tekufat Nissan
1414:Tekufat Nissan
1396:Birkat Hachama
1392:Tekufat Nissan
1377:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
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792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
759:
725:
722:
703:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
687:
672:
671:
668:
665:
662:
647:Birkat Hachama
633:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
599:
598:
591:
559:
556:
552:Birkat Hachama
519:vernal equinox
510:
507:
446:
443:
424:Mishnah Brurah
376:Shulchan Aruch
370:, 8 April 2009
359:
356:
316:vernal equinox
233:Birkat Hachama
228:
225:
154:Birkat Hachama
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
120:
116:
115:
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
80:Birkas Hachoma
61:
57:
56:
53:Birkat Hachama
43:
35:
34:
33:Birkat Hachama
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3140:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3054:
3053:Bedtime Shema
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2961:Other prayers
2959:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2922:13 attributes
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2861:Av HaRachamim
2859:
2857:
2856:Mi Shebeirach
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2836:Torah reading
2834:
2832:
2829:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:Emet VeEmunah
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2638:Maariv Aravim
2636:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2590:Torah reading
2588:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2560:
2559:Ein Keloheinu
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2549:Shir shel yom
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2524:Torah reading
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2486:Emet Veyatziv
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2292:Jewish prayer
2286:
2281:
2279:
2274:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2263:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2214:
2210:
2203:
2200:
2189:on 2009-07-30
2188:
2184:
2181:Remy Landau.
2177:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2149:Rosh Hashanah
2146:
2141:
2138:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2060:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1973:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1942:0-89906-176-1
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1913:Sefer HaIbbur
1909:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1823:
1816:
1813:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1760:0-89906-175-3
1757:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1521:) receive no
1520:
1516:
1512:
1504:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1445:Ma'ale Adumim
1442:
1438:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1404:tropical year
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
993:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
916:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
840:
839:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
762:
758:
756:
752:
748:
744:
739:
735:
731:
723:
721:
719:
714:
710:
707:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
684:
683:
680:
676:
669:
666:
663:
660:
659:
658:
655:
650:
648:
643:
638:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
608:
607:
605:
596:
592:
589:
588:
587:
585:
581:
577:
574:by decree of
573:
569:
565:
564:machzor gadol
557:
555:
553:
548:
546:
542:
538:
537:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
508:
506:
504:
503:
502:Rosh Hashanah
498:
497:
492:
491:
484:
481:
477:
473:
462:
460:
456:
452:
444:
442:
438:
436:
432:
431:
426:
425:
420:
419:
414:
413:
412:Magen Avraham
408:
407:
402:
397:
395:
394:Chofetz Chaim
391:
381:
377:
369:
364:
357:
355:
353:
347:
345:
341:
335:
333:
329:
323:
321:
317:
313:
302:
300:
294:
292:
281:
279:
269:
268:
263:
257:
248:
246:
245:
240:
239:
234:
226:
223:
214:
210:
208:
204:
203:
197:
187:
186:machzor gadol
183:
178:
175:
172:
168:
160:
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60:Official name
58:
54:
50:
46:
41:
36:
31:
19:
3037:
3008:Asher Yatzar
2876:Anim Zemirot
2851:Yekum Purkan
2711:Yedid Nefesh
2678:Full Kaddish
2668:Half Kaddish
2476:Ahava rabbah
2461:Half Kaddish
2454:Core prayers
2216:. Retrieved
2202:
2191:. Retrieved
2187:the original
2176:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2129:. Retrieved
2116:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2082:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2046:
2042:
2034:
2029:
2022:Be'er Heitev
2020:
2016:
2008:
2004:
1987:
1984:Be'er Heitev
1983:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1949:
1929:
1920:
1912:
1908:
1900:
1899:in his work
1887:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1843:
1838:
1826:. Retrieved
1815:
1796:
1781:
1774:
1751:
1745:Bibliography
1739:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1717:
1715:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1696:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1666:
1664:
1658:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1582:
1573:
1563:
1550:Western Wall
1544:
1534:
1527:Shehecheyanu
1526:
1523:Shehecheyanu
1522:
1514:
1511:Shehecheyanu
1510:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1487:
1483:
1467:Shehecheyanu
1465:
1458:
1449:
1440:
1425:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1381:
737:
727:
715:
711:
708:
704:
678:
677:
673:
653:
651:
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636:
634:
603:
600:
563:
561:
551:
550:In summary,
549:
544:
534:
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500:
494:
488:
485:
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448:
439:
434:
428:
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250:
242:
236:
232:
230:
216:
211:
205:5769 on the
200:
185:
179:
153:
152:
151:
107:Significance
79:
75:
67:
52:
2952:Al HaNissim
2756:Ana BeKoach
2658:Hashkiveinu
2643:Ahavat Olam
2539:Uva letzion
2343:Ana BeKoach
2321:Preparation
2213:Arutz Sheva
1980:Orach Chaim
1966:bi-tkufatah
1955:Orach Chaim
1612:Erev Pesach
1587:Erev Pesach
523:lunar month
385:ืืื ืืชืงืืคืชื
368:Kfar Maimon
318:) falls in
182:solar cycle
119:Observances
3107:Categories
2881:Tzidkatcha
2761:Lekha Dodi
2512:Conclusion
2471:Yotzer ohr
2445:Yishtabach
2383:Yehi kevod
2218:2009-02-17
2193:2009-02-17
2131:2009-02-17
2126:Chabad.org
1901:Yesod Olam
1828:26 January
1789:References
1569:Encino, CA
1072:Wednesday
476:Jewish law
472:yom revi'i
297:Next, the
196:solar year
191:ืืืืืจ ืืืื
3071: On
3065: On
2993:Adon Olam
2983:Modeh Ani
2927:Kol Nidre
2777:Expanded
2704:additions
2496:Havineinu
2440:Az Yashir
2398:Psalm 146
2377:Psalm 100
2338:Offerings
2313:Shacharit
1804:(Hebrew:
1703:machzorim
1554:Jerusalem
1479:Psalm 150
1476:Psalm 121
1303:Saturday
1149:Thursday
716:See also
642:Sanhedrin
595:algorithm
467:ืืื ืจืืืขื
184:known as
163:ืืจืืช ืืืื
143:Frequency
70:ืืจืืช ืืืื
3086:diaspora
3073:holidays
3023:Havdalah
2917:Al Cheyt
2907:Selichot
2897:Psalm 27
2784:Psalm 19
2721:Psalm 95
2605:Tachanun
2600:Kedushah
2534:Psalm 20
2519:Tachanun
2503:Kedushah
2244:Wikinews
2106:Berachot
2071:Berachot
1944:. p. 50.
1936:, 1981.
1915:, page 8
1862:Berachot
1802:Passover
1493:Psalm 67
1473:Psalm 19
1443:in 2009
995:Tuesday
654:halachic
637:halachic
604:halachic
545:halachic
536:halachic
480:halachic
445:Overview
435:halachic
430:Achronim
415:and the
314:" (i.e.
280:occurs:
174:blessing
3084:in the
3067:Shabbat
3043:Kiddush
2988:Ma Tovu
2968:Acheinu
2912:Ashamnu
2846:Haftara
2831:Nishmat
2702:Holiday
2698:Shabbat
2633:Barechu
2615:Kaddish
2554:Kaddish
2466:Barechu
2053:baboker
2035:Baboker
2009:baboker
1988:baboker
1650:5881 โ
1610:5769 โ
1585:5685 โ
1503:Kaddish
1422:equinox
1388:Tishrei
1226:Friday
918:Monday
841:Sunday
755:Mercury
749:, Sun,
743:Jupiter
679:Halacha
496:Tishrei
459:created
390:Beraita
278:beraita
262:beraita
238:Beraita
45:Sunrise
2998:Yigdal
2947:Hallel
2942:Yizkor
2937:Ne'ila
2866:Mussaf
2683:Aleinu
2673:Amidah
2625:Maariv
2610:Aleinu
2595:Amidah
2585:Ashrei
2577:Mincha
2544:Aleinu
2529:Ashrei
2491:Amidah
2393:Ashrei
2388:Hallel
2333:Akeida
2169:Eruvin
1940:
1924:Rabbi
1879:Eruvin
1766:
1758:
1735:Nissan
1731:Nissan
1727:Nissan
1723:Talmud
1711:modulo
1683:Nissan
1497:Aleinu
1484:Talmud
1386:, not
1384:Nissan
738:Eruvin
580:Easter
527:Nissan
515:Talmud
453:, the
437:noon.
418:Levush
409:. The
332:Talmud
328:Shmuel
320:Saturn
299:gemara
267:Gemara
244:Talmud
171:Jewish
159:Hebrew
127:Begins
101:Jewish
64:Hebrew
2648:Shema
2481:Shema
2165:Bavli
2145:Bavli
2101:Bavli
2088:Rashi
2067:Bavli
1875:Bavli
1857:Bavli
1661:5909)
1659:Nisan
1648:Nisan
1643:5853)
1641:Nisan
1636:5825)
1634:Nisan
1629:5797)
1627:Nisan
1608:Nisan
1603:5741)
1601:Nisan
1596:5713)
1594:Nisan
1583:Nisan
1519:Nisan
1360:Moon
1357:Merc
1339:Moon
1336:Merc
1318:Moon
1315:Merc
1292:Moon
1289:Merc
1271:Moon
1268:Merc
1250:Moon
1247:Merc
1229:Moon
1221:Merc
1203:Moon
1200:Merc
1182:Moon
1179:Merc
1161:Moon
1158:Merc
1135:Moon
1132:Merc
1114:Moon
1111:Merc
1093:Moon
1090:Merc
1067:Moon
1064:Merc
1046:Moon
1043:Merc
1025:Moon
1022:Merc
1004:Moon
1001:Merc
978:Moon
975:Merc
957:Moon
954:Merc
936:Moon
933:Merc
910:Moon
907:Merc
889:Moon
886:Merc
868:Moon
865:Merc
847:Moon
844:Merc
751:Venus
734:Rashi
490:molad
312:Nisan
291:Abaye
273:ืชืงืืคื
235:is a
202:Nisan
2978:Amen
1938:ISBN
1897:Rosh
1830:2014
1764:ISBN
1756:ISBN
1687:Adar
1566:2009
1509:The
1375:Ven
1372:Sun
1369:Mar
1366:Jup
1363:Sat
1354:Ven
1351:Sun
1348:Mar
1345:Jup
1342:Sat
1333:Ven
1330:Sun
1327:Mar
1324:Jup
1321:Sat
1312:Ven
1309:Sun
1306:Mar
1298:Jup
1295:Sat
1286:Ven
1283:Sun
1280:Mar
1277:Jup
1274:Sat
1265:Ven
1262:Sun
1259:Mar
1256:Jup
1253:Sat
1244:Ven
1241:Sun
1238:Mar
1235:Jup
1232:Sat
1218:Ven
1215:Sun
1212:Mar
1209:Jup
1206:Sat
1197:Ven
1194:Sun
1191:Mar
1188:Jup
1185:Sat
1176:Ven
1173:Sun
1170:Mar
1167:Jup
1164:Sat
1155:Ven
1152:Sun
1144:Mar
1141:Jup
1138:Sat
1129:Ven
1126:Sun
1123:Mar
1120:Jup
1117:Sat
1108:Ven
1105:Sun
1102:Mar
1099:Jup
1096:Sat
1087:Ven
1084:Sun
1081:Mar
1078:Jup
1075:Sat
1061:Ven
1058:Sun
1055:Mar
1052:Jup
1049:Sat
1040:Ven
1037:Sun
1034:Mar
1031:Jup
1028:Sat
1019:Ven
1016:Sun
1013:Mar
1010:Jup
1007:Sat
998:Ven
990:Sun
987:Mar
984:Jup
981:Sat
972:Ven
969:Sun
966:Mar
963:Jup
960:Sat
951:Ven
948:Sun
945:Mar
942:Jup
939:Sat
930:Ven
927:Sun
924:Mar
921:Jup
913:Sat
904:Ven
901:Sun
898:Mar
895:Jup
892:Sat
883:Ven
880:Sun
877:Mar
874:Jup
871:Sat
862:Ven
859:Sun
856:Mar
853:Jup
850:Sat
747:Mars
652:The
635:The
493:for
374:The
135:Ends
97:Type
91:Jews
3123:Sun
2809:136
2804:135
2751:100
2418:150
2413:149
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2403:147
2242:at
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2075:59b
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2007:, "
1986:, "
1964:, "
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1865:59b
1807:ืคืกื
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47:in
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2110:2a
1997:^
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