527:. The advantages of elastomers as an impression material include its high dimensional stability, ease of manipulation, low resistance to closure, ease of trimming with no distortion and its good elastic recovery after deformation. However, elastomers have a low to moderate tear strength and have a short working time. they are also very stiff materials and cannot be immersed in disinfecting solutions for longer than 10 minutes due to hydrophilic nature.
117:(CR) is a phenomenon integral to bite registration success. Although its definition is variable, it refers to a replicable clinical relationship between the upper and lower jaws that is unrelated to intercuspation, the way the teeth meet together when biting. This is a useful reference point when considering jaw movements (vertical/lateral/protrusive), mounting casts in dental laboratories and overseeing oral rehabilitation. If
587:
20:
651:, an instant interocclusal record can be obtained by taking a buccal scan of the teeth in the intercuspal position, as in the case with the iTero and Lava Chairside Oral Scanner systems. Another system involves placing registration material over the prepared tooth only, and a scan is taken to determine the occlusal relationship.
482:
and one of the most common impression materials. It has a mixing time of 45–60 seconds and is fast setting. Advantages of alginate are it has good surface detail, it is elastic so it works well with undercuts, it has a low wetting angle and it is cheap with a fast setting time. However, alginate has
441:
to prevent excessive flash, which can impede the precise seating of casts. Zinc oxide-eugenol pastes have the advantage of being rigid, having good flow, dimensionally stable and having an ease of application. However, they have a long setting time, are brittle and adhere to the teeth which leads to
145:
Recording of a patient's bite registration has been common practice for over 400 years. Generally, this is completed using a variety of impression materials and related tools, but with technological advancements, use of innovative intraoral scanners is on the rise. Although the outcome should be the
466:
with additives, more water can be added to the powder than with the casting material to provide more flow for taking the impression. These additives hasten the setting time and reduce setting expansion. Impression plaster advantages include having a good flow, and dimensional stability while also
659:
Bite registration is used in several dental treatments, including a wide range of prosthetic restorations such as inlays/ onlays, single crowns, bridges, frameworks and partial and full dentures. It is also an essential technique for implants, orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, and
425:
Thermoplastic waxes are commonly utilised for bite registration, serving either as records themselves or as carriers for registration. These waxes are versatile and widely embraced material largely due to its affordability and ease of handling. Thermoplastic waxes have the advantage of being
416:
issues, resulting in jaw misalignment and inaccurate jaw registration. The material chosen should allow for both passive and precise placement of dental casts. Materials that are rigid or possess high surface reproducibility may hinder the easy seating of casts, often necessitating forceful
483:
a poor tear strength and it cannot be used for bite registration against a
Polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression as poor articulation will result from the lack of surface detail. For a PVS impression, bite registration should be taken with a PVS material or an alginate substitute.
646:
or tooth preparation(s), which is coupled to software for designing the virtual restoration(s) and a computerised milling device to construct the definitive restoration. Following scanning of the dental arch or area of specific interest to obtain an optical
621:
occlusal rims should be reduced in height until the opposing teeth are not touching the rims. Jaw relation record is made in a uniformly soft material which sets to a hard state such as quick-setting impression plaster, bite registration paste
542:
is an accurate and rigid material post setting, however the material contracts on setting, therefore is not dimensionally stable. Once cured, the material can also damage the stone model due to its rigidity, therefore are not in current use.
30:
is a technique carried out in dental procedures, by taking an impression of the teeth, to capture the way the teeth meet together. This is then used to accurately make restorations which will not change the position the teeth meet in.
50:
Recording bite registration (also referred to as occlusal registration) allows 3-dimensional recognition of how the opposing jaws normally contact - dynamically and at-rest - in relation to one another. This is controlled by the
629:
Another method involves the use of wax rims as a recording medium, as opposed to a carrier. In this instance, the indent of opposing teeth is recorded directly in the wax without using any other registration medium.
633:
When no occlusal contact exists between the remaining natural teeth, jaw relation records are made entirely on occlusion rims. The same method is used for complete dentures and the use of a face bow is implemented.
255:
is via "hand articulation". With this method, pairs of teeth (1 upper tooth and 1 lower tooth), from at least 3 different locations on the jaws, that contact each other when the patient
467:
being accurate. However, they are brittle and prone to fracture especially where undercuts are present. They are also an untidy material with difficult handling properties.
405:
The material used should not change the position of the teeth but should accurately record the occlusal and incisal surfaces of the teeth. The ideal material has a low
1503:
286:
for a stable hand articulation, a material (see 'Materials' section) is bit on by the patient, on which tooth imprints can then be used to articulate the
160:- a "stand" capable of imitating jaw movements on which a model of the patient's jaws sits - and arrange teeth (if applicable) in the correct positions
59:
and teeth (if applicable). The information gained can be transferred to a diagnostic study model (a stone cast of teeth), imperative when planning
1446:
1009:
904:
442:
a loss of detail in the impression. They are also only usable in custom tray and have been known to cause a burning sensation of the mucosa.
409:, low resistance to closure, easy manipulation, adequate working time, precision in detail, rapid hardening, and is dimensionally stable.
578:
include its accuracy, ease of handling and dimensional stability. However, the material shrinks on curing and has a short working time.
142:
A wax bite-block/occlusal rim will be used in those with inadequate tooth contact, allowing the jaws to meet when registering the bite.
574:
is an addition silicone which is chemically similar to impression silicones with modifications to the flexibility. The advantages of
146:
same whatever the technique, it is important that errors are minimised to ensure an accurate reproduction of occlusal relationships.
1260:
437:
paste serves as a reliable and efficient material for bite registration. Therefore, it is recommended to use minimal amounts of
1639:
538:
were introduced as a bite registration material in 1961 to overcome the disadvantages of other bite registration materials.
23:
A dental impression of a section of teeth which records the bite, which can be used to replicate how the teeth bite together
450:
Impression plaster is a historic material which can be used for bite registration. Its primary component is calcined
713:"A new technique for testing accuracy and sensitivity of digital bite registration: A prospective comparative study"
375:
349:
221:
72:
455:
126:
837:
570:
relationship for an unstable occlusion, however are not the first materials of choice for bite registration.
201:
197:
133:
52:
40:
626:. In this instance record blocks act as carriers for a more accurate registration medium (e.g. silicone).
567:
152:
working in the laboratory require the information obtained from registering a patient's bite to fabricate
56:
462:
is a plaster material used for casting impressions, impression plaster for bite registration consists of
1497:
608:
371:
328:
313:
272:
256:
237:
233:
229:
213:
205:
153:
92:
750:
Wiens, Jonathan P.; Goldstein, Gary R.; Andrawis, Mark; Choi, Mijin; Priebe, Jennifer W. (2018-03-08).
566:
linked together to form a 16 siloxane chain. Elastomeric materials are beneficial when recording the
298:
104:
68:
39:
The jaws of the face need to meet in a way that allows effective function but is not damaging to the
1103:
Abdulateef, Saraa; Edher, Faraj; Hannam, Alan G.; Tobias, David L.; Wyatt, Chris C.L. (2020-01-31).
496:
367:
279:
264:
260:
136:
100:
590:
Two sets of wax blocks, on dental models, which can be used to show how the patient bites together
426:
versatile, affordable and have ease of handling. However, they have a poor dimensional stability.
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1065:
1026:
751:
575:
571:
555:
438:
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391:
379:
320:
294:
225:
209:
132:
If a patient is edentulous, the centric relation should conform with the most superior, anterior
80:
64:
60:
1399:
1066:"Modeling of digital dental articulator and its accuracy verification using optical measurement"
1342:
1025:
Moore, Blake K; Deane, Stuart; Huang, Weber; Kim, James; Parthasarathi, Krishnan (2021-07-23).
1615:
1597:
1556:
1538:
1485:
1442:
1419:
1380:
1372:
1320:
1302:
1256:
1206:
1185:"A Review of Occlusal Registration Materials Utilized in Recording Various Occlusal Relations"
1124:
1085:
1046:
1027:"Occlusal comparison of hand-articulation versus digital articulation in orthognathic surgery"
1005:
967:
959:
900:
865:
857:
818:
810:
771:
732:
693:
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355:
287:
268:
252:
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in a manner that resembles how the patient normally bites, a process known as 'articulation'.
241:
167:
149:
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1605:
1587:
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1038:
951:
892:
849:
802:
763:
724:
463:
459:
118:
114:
1147:"Recent interocclusal record material for prosthetic rehabilitation - A literature review"
623:
451:
178:
790:
341:
5. Multiple teeth located next to each other that do not contact the opposite jaw due to
1551:
1518:
884:
402:, T-scan, pressure-sensitive films, transparent acetate sheet and occlusion sonography.
327:, as it would be the first tooth to make contact with the opposite jaw when the patient
232:
is usually preferred, and where change is preferred, it is necessary to control how the
1610:
1575:
1315:
1280:
791:"A Technique for Digital Impression and Bite Registration for a Single Edentulous Arch"
96:
1574:
Mangano, Francesco; Gandolfi, Andrea; Luongo, Giuseppe; Logozzo, Silvia (2017-12-12).
312:, as it may be the first tooth to make contact with the opposite jaw when the patient
1633:
1415:
1146:
600:
539:
535:
492:
399:
305:
44:
1519:"A novel method for testing accuracy of bite registration using intraoral scanners"
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1120:
767:
479:
290:
appropriately. This method may be more commonly required for (but not limited to).
88:
586:
1358:
611:
rims can be mounted on record bases, made from various materials like
Shellac or
1400:"Polyvinyl siloxane impression materials: A review of properties and techniques"
1042:
896:
728:
643:
520:
413:
363:
359:
324:
309:
245:
157:
122:
1081:
955:
47:(have no teeth), those with few teeth or those with a full, healthy dentition.
1592:
342:
196:
The purpose of bite registration is to convey how the upper and lower jaw are
84:
1601:
1542:
1489:
1376:
1306:
1210:
963:
861:
814:
642:
A range of intraoral scanners are available to allow data acquisition of the
139:
position, where the joint disc and adjacent bone contact without distortion.
1297:
789:
Fang, Yiqin; Fang, Jing-Huan; Jeong, Seung-Mi; Choi, Byung-Ho (2018-03-09).
712:
681:
516:
512:
508:
406:
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283:
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1184:
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1089:
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853:
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hemihydrate, which, upon mixing with water, reacts to form a rigid mass of
19:
1423:
1384:
938:
Thanabalan, Naren; Amin, Kiran; Butt, Kasim; Bourne, George (2019-09-01).
390:
Bite registration can be achieved using a variety of materials including,
1367:
559:
551:
504:
500:
475:
335:
217:
76:
1279:
Nandini, VVidyashree; Venkatesh, KVijay; Nair, KChandrasekharan (2008).
1105:"Clinical accuracy and reproducibility of virtual interocclusal records"
836:
Park, Jaeyoon; You, Insang; Shin, Sangbaie; Jeong, Unyong (2015-04-27).
1534:
806:
412:
High viscosity materials pose the risk of displacing teeth affected by
108:
125:(chewing) function, causing instability, discomfort and sequelae like
1576:"Intraoral scanners in dentistry: a review of the current literature"
563:
374:
to a similar accuracy as hand articulation, which may be useful for
612:
604:
585:
524:
18:
1002:
Functional occlusion in restorative dentistry and prosthodontics
240:
has been registered, this information can then be used to mount
1468:
Journal of Datta Meghe
Institute of Medical Sciences University
121:
is not considered, prostheses made could interfere with normal
1064:
Yau, Hong-Tzong; Liao, Shu-Wei; Chang, Chia-Hao (2020-07-09).
618:
660:
temporomandibular joint disorder treatment such as splints.
491:
Elastomers were introduced to overcome the disadvantages of
334:
4. Tooth completely missing in the opposite jaw, such as in
212:
that may change or interfere with how the patient normally
891:, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1–14,
111:
plans to change the way in which a patient's teeth meet.
1517:
Kakali, Lydia; Halazonetis, Demetrios J. (2023-07-25).
1398:
Chee, Winston W.L.; Donovan, Terry E. (November 1992).
166:
Bite registration aims for an accurately fitting final
838:"Material Approaches to Stretchable Strain Sensors"
1031:British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
1000:Klineberg, Iven; Eckert, Steven E., eds. (2016).
275:. This method is indicated where it is feasible.
1004:. St. Louis Edinburgh New York: Elsevier/Mosby.
885:"Freeway Space (FWS) in Neuromuscular Dentistry"
187:The patient can reliably reproduce the position.
1281:"Alginate impressions: A practical perspective"
940:"Interocclusal Records in Fixed Prosthodontics"
204:positioned against each other when the patient
43:. This is equally important for those who are
1183:Shetty, Ganaraj; Shetty, Manoj (2020-04-12).
8:
1253:A clinical guide to applied dental materials
1070:Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
1502:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of May 2024 (
236:changes and by how much. Once a patient's
1609:
1591:
1550:
1479:
1366:
1314:
1296:
1200:
499:used for bite registration: condensation
251:The most accurate method of articulating
177:Majority of the force is absorbed by the
1189:Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU
208:. This information is important for any
1462:Sonawane, Aditya; Sathe, Seema (2020).
1343:"Review of Dental Impression Materials"
669:
184:The tongue can contact the soft palate.
1495:
267:) are then positioned together on the
1437:Field, James; Storey, Claire (2020).
1336:
1334:
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1224:
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1157:: 2004–2009 – via ResearchGate.
1140:
1138:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
675:
673:
595:Occlusal wax rims (wax record blocks)
370:or even algorithmically recreate the
366:, which may then be used to identify
293:1. Multiple adjacent teeth requiring
174:Teeth meet where they look/feel best.
7:
1439:Removable prosthodontics at a glance
933:
931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
921:
739:– via Elsevier Science Direct.
682:"Centric relation bite registration"
511:Elastomeric compounds, condensation
1404:The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
1109:The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
756:The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
14:
1464:"Interocclusal records: A review"
1285:Journal of Conservative Dentistry
156:. Using this, they can set-up an
1441:. Hoboken, NJ: WILEY Blackwell.
599:This technique is used when the
603:area is large or when opposing
323:involving the last tooth on an
127:temporomandibular disease (TMD)
1523:Korean Journal of Orthodontics
1481:10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_184_20
1121:10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.11.014
768:10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.10.008
1:
495:. There are two varieties of
358:has also allowed teeth to be
259:are identified and recorded,
41:temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
1416:10.1016/0022-3913(92)90192-D
1359:10.1177/08959374880020012001
1229:Gupta, Ranjan (2023-03-19).
417:articulation of the models.
1347:Advances in Dental Research
1231:Dental Impression Materials
1043:10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.07.013
897:10.1007/978-3-031-41295-0_1
752:"Defining centric relation"
729:10.1016/j.ortho.2021.06.008
478:is an elastic irreversible
1656:
1341:Craig, R.G. (1988-08-01).
1082:10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105646
956:10.1308/205016819827601473
889:Neuromuscular Orthodontics
717:International Orthodontics
394:paste, thermoplastic wax,
1593:10.1186/s12903-017-0442-x
883:Savastano, Fabio (2023),
795:Journal of Prosthodontics
638:Digital cad cam technique
523:cross linked with strong
456:calcium sulfate dihydrate
1255:. Churchill Livingston.
1251:Bonsor, Stephen (2013).
430:Zinc oxide-eugenol paste
93:provisional restorations
1484:(inactive 2024-05-31).
1298:10.4103/0972-0707.43416
354:Recent advancements in
1202:10.1055/s-0040-1708759
944:Primary Dental Journal
854:10.1002/cphc.201402810
686:General Dental Journal
591:
398:, impression plaster,
57:muscles aiding chewing
24:
16:Technique in dentistry
1640:Restorative dentistry
711:Camci, Hasan (2021).
680:Small, bruce (2006).
589:
308:in either side of an
154:indirect restorations
22:
1151:Drug Invention Today
107:surgeries or when a
1145:Deepthi, B (2018).
700:– via PubMed.
556:synthetic compounds
497:silicone elastomers
421:Thermoplastic waxes
278:Where insufficient
101:craniomaxillofacial
1535:10.4041/kjod22.199
807:10.1111/jopr.12786
592:
576:Polyvinyl siloxane
572:Polyvinyl siloxane
446:Impression Plaster
439:zinc oxide-eugenol
435:Zinc oxide-eugenol
392:zinc oxide-eugenol
356:CAD/CAM technology
299:fixed restorations
150:Dental technicians
25:
1448:978-1-119-51069-7
1011:978-0-7234-3809-0
906:978-3-031-41294-3
362:and recreated as
304:2. Last standing
297:, especially for
282:are present in a
271:to reproduce the
134:temporomandibular
28:Bite registration
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848:(6): 1155–1163.
833:
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801:(2): e519–e523.
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779:
747:
741:
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708:
702:
701:
677:
519:terminated with
515:, are made from
464:plaster of Paris
460:Plaster of Paris
321:Restorative work
210:restorative work
119:centric relation
115:Centric relation
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723:(19): 425–432.
710:
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597:
584:
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452:calcium sulfate
448:
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388:
228:. An unchanged
194:
179:posterior teeth
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37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1653:
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1529:(4): 254–263.
1509:
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1429:
1410:(5): 728–732.
1390:
1330:
1268:
1261:
1236:
1216:
1195:(3): 025–028.
1160:
1134:
1115:(6): 667–673.
1095:
1056:
1037:(4): 443–447.
1017:
1010:
977:
917:
905:
875:
828:
781:
762:(1): 114–122.
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703:
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639:
636:
596:
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583:
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568:intermaxillary
548:
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536:Acrylic resins
532:
531:Acrylic resins
529:
493:acrylic resins
488:
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472:
469:
447:
444:
431:
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372:patient's bite
364:digital models
348:6. Individual
257:bites together
206:bites together
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1262:9780702031588
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1233:. StatPearls.
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89:orthodontics
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655:Application
414:periodontal
368:index teeth
295:restoration
280:index teeth
265:index teeth
261:these teeth
246:articulator
192:Indications
158:articulator
123:masticatory
103:surgeries;
85:mouthguards
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912:2024-05-07
664:References
649:impression
601:edentulous
582:Techniques
513:elastomers
487:Elastomers
396:elastomers
380:bridgework
343:tooth wear
263:(known as
216:, such as
198:vertically
168:prosthesis
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1602:1472-6831
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1307:0972-0707
1211:2582-4287
964:2050-1684
862:1439-4235
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517:polyether
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386:Materials
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624:silicone
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560:silicone
505:silicone
501:silicone
476:Alginate
471:Alginate
244:onto an
218:dentures
97:implants
77:dentures
69:indirect
65:fillings
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1385:3073785
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360:scanned
338:cases;
336:denture
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613:resin
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525:acids
376:crown
329:bites
314:bites
306:molar
214:bites
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