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the real shape and form of the mesa and is modeled to a suitable scale which brings out the short-grass prairie habitat next to a rivulet. Stuffed and mounted animals on display are the ones found in the mesa, including eagle, vulture, mule deer, pronghorn antelope, mountain lion, prairie dog, jackrabbit and badger. An ephemeral lake is also on display in a cross section format. Star gazers gather each
October near Black Mesa for the annual Okie-Tex Star Party.
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370:, lacked law enforcement agencies and hence the outlaws found it safe to hide in the region. However, as new settlers arrived in the area for copper and coal mining and also for cattle ranching activities by grazing cattle in the mesa region, law enforcement became more effective, and the outlaws were brought under control. In more recent times, at least one person has claimed to have been abducted by extraterrestrial aliens at Black Mesa.
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386:. The Black Mesa plateau is part of the Rocky Mountains and the shortgrass prairie. Some features include the Old Maid Rock, and Devil's Tombstone. The mesa's base includes a 200-foot (61 m) escarpment which is parallel with the Dry Cimarron River's north bank. Its highest elevation is 5,705 feet (1,739 m) in Colorado. The highest point of Black Mesa within New Mexico is 5,239 feet (1,597 m). In northwestern
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of the Black Mesa. It covers 2,000 square feet (190 m) and is housed in the Hall of
Natural Wonders. Funds for its creation were provided by the Whitten-Newman Foundation. The diorama is touchscreen computerized and interactive and is set within the boundaries of the mesa. It is a replication of
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in northeastern New Mexico and southeastern
Colorado. The volcanic cap to the mesa is 600 feet (180 m) thick, 55 miles (89 km) long and from 0.5 miles to 8 miles wide, which is 65 miles (105 km) to the north-northwest of Oklahoma. The erupting lava filled a stream channel in the
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A hiking trail of 4.2 miles (6.8 km) leads from the preserve to the summit which rises about 800 feet (240 m) above the level of the surrounding plains, the Nature
Conservancy recommends four hours minimum for a round trip; overnight camping is not permitted.
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The mesa lies in the protected area known as the Black Mesa Nature
Preserve which was established in 1991, covering 1,600 acres (6.5 km). The preserve protects 60% of the area of the mesa peak. The peak is accessible along an 8-mile-long (13 km) trail.
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Black Mesa Nature
Preserve in particular covers around 60% of the flat portion of the mesa in Oklahoma. Wildlife reported in the park and the reserve are golden eagles, piñon jays, red-tailed hawks, and mule deer, part from a bird area for bird watchers.
307:, Black Mesa reaches 4,973 feet (1,516 m), the highest point in the state of Oklahoma. The plateau that formed at the top of the mesa has been known as a "geological wonder" of North America. There is abundant wildlife in this
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992:. A large quantity of dinosaur bones has been recovered from the Black Mesa locale; totaling over eighteen tonnes. These remains were split between several species, including
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303:. Its highest elevation is 5,705 feet (1,739 m) in Colorado. The highest point of Black Mesa within New Mexico is 5,239 feet (1,597 m). In northwestern
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Black Mesa is not only the highest point in
Oklahoma but it is also the driest, harshest and coldest place in the state. A nearby weather station is located in
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1047:. The park is a recreational area with many facilities for camping, hiking and many other outdoor activities. The park is about 15 miles away from the peak.
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have been removed leaving the valley-filling basalt perched atop a long ridge. Strata exposed along the mesa below the basalt and
Ogallala include the
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Topographical map of Black Mesa in
Oklahoma, New Mexico and part of Colorado, with highlighted meter elevation elevation contour
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which originally had occupied and filled a river valley. The mesa is capped by erosion-resistant basaltic lava formed by a
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of eastern
Colorado and New Mexico. Many species reach their easternmost or westernmost limits of their ranges here.
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287:, Colorado southeasterly 28 miles (45 km) crossing into the northeast corner of New Mexico, and ending in the
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as a "Bluestem-grama shortgrass community". The preserve contains 23 plant species listed by the state as "rare".
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Off the Beaten Path: A Travel Guide to More Than 1,000 Scenic and Interesting Places Still Uncrowded and Inviting
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1877:"Suneson and Luza, A Field Trip Guide to the Geology of the Black Mesa State Park Area, Cimarron County OK"
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The flora and fauna and terrain of Black Mesa are unique in Oklahoma, more typical of the semi-arid
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1008:. Clear fossil physical evidence, a distinct line of footprints believed to have been made by an
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Beginning in 1935, geologists and paleontologists have searched the mesa's outcroppings, finding
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Birds are common, and there are 59 species present during at least some years. Seven different
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have been found in the Black Mesa preserve. Only one frog is found in this desert habitat, the
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390:, Black Mesa reaches 4,973 feet (1,516 m), the highest point in the state of Oklahoma.
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There are 91 species of moths on Black Mesa. No species of fish are found on Black Mesa.
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encompassing 549 acres (2.22 km), with a 200 acres (0.81 km) lake known as
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956:. During the years since the eruption, the adjacent rock of the Ogallala and older
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In the late-nineteenth and early twentieth century the area was a hideout for
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1127:. Eight native species of animal are state-level designated as "rare". Two
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The vegetation of the preserve is mostly shortgrass prairie with scattered
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1398:. 61 species of butterfly are found in the preserve, including seventeen
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The prairie rattlesnake is well adapted to Black Mesa's dry environment.
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eruption 3 to 5 million years ago. The lava erupted from a vent in the
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Highest natural points of U.S. states, district, and territories
1951:"Checklist of Oklahoma Preserve Reptile & Amphibian Species"
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The mesa's highest point within Oklahoma is marked by a granite
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1811:"Black Mesa (Oklahoma) – Climbing, Hiking & Mountaineering"
1842:. Sam Noble Museum: The University of Oklahoma. Archived from
19:
For summits in Colorado and New Mexico of the same name, see
16:
Mesa in the U.S. States of Colorado, New Mexico, and Oklahoma
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Nine snake species are found in this arid environment, the
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is present, along with a variety of prey species including
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The visual and map view appearance of Black Mesa is as an "
23:. For the fictional Half-Life location in New Mexico, see
323:. (In Colorado, Black Mesa also refers to a summit in
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Climate data for Kenton, Oklahoma (Elevation 4,330ft)
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1656:"Abducted By UFOs! Sooners Report Close Encounters"
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2004:"Checklist of Oklahoma Preserve Butterfly Species"
1039:Apart from the nature reserve, there is also the
1922:"Checklist of Oklahoma Preserve Mammal Species"
1714:. North American Book Dist LLC. pp. 130–.
1998:
1996:
1763:"Oklahoma High Point - Black Mesa - Kenton OK"
1634:. Reader's Digest Association. pp. 270–.
1222:are also indigenous to the area. Two types of
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2029:"Checklist of Oklahoma Preserve Fish Species"
1976:"Checklist of Oklahoma Preserve Bird Species"
8:
1557:Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
1378:are also found. There are five corvids; the
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2691:Landforms of Las Animas County, Colorado
1523:United States Department of the Interior
1488:United States Department of the Interior
931:from either side of the resistant Raton
358:. The outlaws built a fort known as the
1458:
1326:. There is one other bird of prey, the
1318:, all of which are classed as being of
1111:, is also present. The more omnivorous
2686:Landforms of Cimarron County, Oklahoma
2095:TopoQuest map of Black Mesa State Park
2034:. The Nature Conservancy. July 3, 2011
2009:. The Nature Conservancy. July 3, 2011
1981:. The Nature Conservancy. July 3, 2011
1956:. The Nature Conservancy. July 3, 2011
1834:
1832:
1830:
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1147:). Other mammals include the dog-like
2701:Landforms of Union County, New Mexico
1789:"Oklahoma:Black Mesa Nature Preserve"
46:Black Mesa, highest point in Oklahoma
7:
1738:Don't Let All the Pretty Days Get by
1687:. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 28–.
1282:of Oklahoma, is found on Black Mesa.
1741:. Back-To-One Books. pp. 70–.
1514:Geographic Names Information System
1479:Geographic Names Information System
1103:The indigenous top predator is the
1882:. Oklahoma Geological Survey. 1999
366:area, which was then considered a
185:
138:
14:
1735:Hoppe, Bruce (February 1, 2006).
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1865:NOAA. Retrieved 20 February 2011
1681:Richter, Sara Jane (July 2011).
1551:Lewis, Tom; Richter, Sarah Jan.
924:has removed the relatively soft
184:
177:
137:
130:
40:
1708:Capace, Nancy (March 1, 1999).
1519:United States Geological Survey
1484:United States Geological Survey
1900:"Black Mesa Nature Preserve,"
1151:, as well as the much smaller
198:Black Mesa (the United States)
1:
2721:North American 1000 m summits
2711:Highest points of U.S. states
1559:. Oklahoma Historical Society
1240:Great Plains narrowmouth toad
831:Average snowfall inches (cm)
339:The plateau has been home to
201:Show map of the United States
1394:, as well as the more local
945:Raton-Clayton volcanic field
291:along the north bank of the
62:4,973 ft (1,516 m)
25:Black Mesa Research Facility
2660:U.S. Minor Outlying Islands
1441:A permanent exhibit in the
617:Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
547:Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
295:at its confluence with the
2742:
1107:; its cousin, the smaller
900:
427:
18:
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1334:found on Black Mesa. The
1208:red-lipped plateau lizard
830:
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388:Cimarron County, Oklahoma
305:Cimarron County, Oklahoma
123:
39:
2650:Northern Mariana Islands
1791:. The Nature Conservancy
1711:Encyclopedia of Oklahoma
1628:Reader's Digest (2003).
1352:ladder-backed woodpecker
1083:. The summit plateau is
378:The Mesa is situated in
2281:U.S. Interior Highlands
1902:The Nature Conservancy,
1813:. Mountain Forecast.Com
1368:ash-throated flycatcher
1216:eastern collared lizard
1212:northern earless lizard
1141:black-tailed jackrabbit
1085:vegetatively classified
401:, and a visitors' log.
327:and a mountain pass in
311:environment, including
1929:The Nature Conservancy
1906:, accessed 25 May 2019
1684:The Oklahoma Panhandle
1360:olive-sided flycatcher
1283:
1184:blackneck garter snake
1180:plains blackhead snake
1164:plains hog-nosed snake
1100:
1032:
409:
103:36.93188°N 102.99785°W
2726:Geography of Oklahoma
1272:
1137:Sylvilagus floridanus
1098:
1041:Black Mesa State Park
1030:
407:
73:U.S. state high point
2622:District of Columbia
1579:"Colorado Gazetteer"
1244:New Mexico spadefoot
1031:View from the summit
477:Record high °F (°C)
168:Show map of Oklahoma
108:36.93188; -102.99785
2706:Mesas of New Mexico
2665:U.S. Virgin Islands
2276:Sans Bois Mountains
1380:black-billed magpie
1356:red-shafted flicker
1328:western screech-owl
1220:Texas horned lizard
1196:prairie rattlesnake
1188:plains garter snake
1113:American black bear
687:Record low °F (°C)
321:Texas horned lizard
297:North Carrizo Creek
99: /
21:Black Mesa (summit)
2241:Arbuckle Mountains
2149:Kiamichi Mountains
2140:Ouachita Mountains
1662:. January 23, 1994
1340:greater roadrunner
1284:
1260:western green toad
1204:prairie racerunner
1200:broad-headed skink
1145:Lepus californicus
1133:eastern cottontail
1101:
1033:
972:Morrison Formation
954:Ogallala Formation
410:
384:Oklahoma Panhandle
364:Oklahoma Panhandle
356:Black Jack Ketchum
309:shortgrass prairie
289:Oklahoma panhandle
283:. It extends from
52:Highest point
2716:Mesas of Colorado
2696:Mesas of Oklahoma
2673:
2672:
2294:
2293:
2261:Longhorn Mountain
2197:Wichita Mountains
2191:
2190:
1846:on August 8, 2013
1748:978-0-9777611-0-4
1721:978-0-403-09837-8
1694:978-0-7385-8295-5
1641:978-0-7621-0424-6
1583:Home town locator
1372:Cassin's kingbird
1322:according to the
1275:Papilio polyxenes
1236:American bullfrog
1232:yellow mud turtle
1228:ornate box turtle
1168:western coachwhip
1155:and a species of
1131:are present, the
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2087:Mountains portal
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1509:"Black Mesa, NM"
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1474:"Black Mesa, CO"
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1443:Sam Noble Museum
1396:Chihuahuan raven
1376:western kingbird
1344:common nighthawk
1312:Mississippi kite
1304:ferruginous hawk
1296:American kestrel
1256:red-spotted toad
1252:Woodhouse's toad
1248:plains spadefoot
1045:Lake Carl Etling
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1330:. There are no
1308:red-tailed hawk
1290:are found, the
1280:state butterfly
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2052:Richter, p. 34
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341:Plains Indians
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313:mountain lions
293:Cimarron River
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1006:edmontosaurus
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231:Mountain type
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2544:South Dakota
2534:Rhode Island
2529:Pennsylvania
2509:North Dakota
2157:Big Mountain
2048:
2036:. Retrieved
2023:
2011:. Retrieved
1983:. Retrieved
1970:
1958:. Retrieved
1945:
1933:. Retrieved
1901:
1896:
1884:. Retrieved
1871:
1860:
1848:. Retrieved
1844:the original
1840:"Black Mesa"
1815:. Retrieved
1805:
1793:. Retrieved
1768:December 12,
1766:. Retrieved
1757:
1737:
1730:
1710:
1703:
1683:
1676:
1664:. Retrieved
1659:
1650:
1630:
1623:
1611:. Retrieved
1607:
1604:"Black Mesa"
1598:
1586:. Retrieved
1582:
1573:
1561:. Retrieved
1556:
1553:"Black Mesa"
1512:
1477:
1440:
1432:
1404:swallowtails
1392:common raven
1364:Say's phoebe
1300:golden eagle
1285:
1273:
1161:
1144:
1136:
1102:
1074:
1065:
1054:
1038:
1034:
998:camptosaurus
976:
915:
761:inches (mm)
416:
396:
392:
377:
359:
345:
338:
285:Mesa de Maya
260:
259:
29:
2655:Puerto Rico
2632:Territories
2459:Mississippi
2374:Connecticut
2210:Mount Scott
1666:October 17,
1408:hairstreaks
1192:lined snake
1153:prairie dog
1139:), and the
994:stegosaurus
926:sedimentary
352:William Coe
317:butterflies
269:U.S. states
106: /
94:102°59′52″W
81:Coordinates
2680:Categories
2574:Washington
2494:New Mexico
2489:New Jersey
2364:California
2246:Black Mesa
1660:NewsOK.com
1454:References
1384:pinyon jay
1314:, and the
1258:, and the
1129:lagomorphs
1079:trees and
1059:and rocky
1057:grasslands
1010:allosaurus
1002:diplodocus
962:Cretaceous
958:formations
920:" because
319:, and the
277:New Mexico
261:Black Mesa
192:Black Mesa
156:New Mexico
145:Black Mesa
91:36°55′55″N
35:Black Mesa
2584:Wisconsin
2549:Tennessee
2454:Minnesota
2429:Louisiana
1332:waterfowl
1172:bullsnake
1125:pronghorn
1121:mule deer
374:Geography
220:Jacks Gap
119:Geography
58:Elevation
2614:District
2569:Virginia
2519:Oklahoma
2499:New York
2474:Nebraska
2464:Missouri
2449:Michigan
2439:Maryland
2424:Kentucky
2404:Illinois
2379:Delaware
2369:Colorado
2359:Arkansas
2132:Oklahoma
1563:June 30,
1428:leafwing
1426:, and a
1402:, three
1400:skippers
1230:and the
1051:Wildlife
987:Triassic
983:Jurassic
979:dinosaur
969:Jurassic
967:and the
950:Pliocene
941:volcanic
901:Source:
896:(59.82)
826:(436.3)
757:Average
350:such as
281:Oklahoma
273:Colorado
242:Climbing
213:Topo map
160:Oklahoma
152:Colorado
2589:Wyoming
2564:Vermont
2469:Montana
2409:Indiana
2389:Georgia
2384:Florida
2354:Arizona
2344:Alabama
2038:May 27,
2013:May 27,
1985:May 30,
1960:May 27,
1935:May 27,
1886:May 26,
1850:May 28,
1817:May 28,
1795:May 27,
1447:diorama
1437:Culture
1418:, nine
1414:, four
1406:, four
1288:raptors
1077:juniper
935:of the
922:erosion
912:Geology
876:(0.51)
856:(0.51)
677:(−5.8)
672:(−1.7)
662:(12.1)
657:(16.4)
652:(17.3)
647:(14.3)
632:(−0.6)
627:(−4.6)
622:(−6.8)
612:(21.9)
607:(10.7)
602:(15.4)
597:(23.1)
592:(28.8)
587:(32.2)
582:(33.7)
577:(31.4)
572:(26.0)
567:(21.3)
562:(16.8)
557:(12.8)
552:(10.2)
413:Climate
399:obelisk
382:in the
348:outlaws
335:History
225:Geology
68:Listing
2524:Oregon
2479:Nevada
2419:Kansas
2394:Hawaii
2349:Alaska
2336:States
2266:Ozarks
2229:Others
2171:Others
1745:
1718:
1691:
1638:
1424:satyrs
1422:, two
1416:whites
1412:copper
1390:, and
1374:, and
1278:, the
1262:, all
1226:, the
1224:turtle
1218:, and
1198:. The
1194:, and
1157:badger
1149:coyote
1123:, and
1109:bobcat
1061:buttes
1004:, and
990:strata
933:basalt
929:strata
886:(7.1)
881:(1.3)
851:(3.3)
841:(9.1)
821:(8.9)
771:(8.4)
752:(−31)
747:(−27)
742:(−26)
737:(−14)
707:(−11)
702:(−28)
697:(−28)
692:(−31)
682:(4.9)
667:(4.8)
642:(9.2)
637:(3.7)
433:Month
419:Kenton
301:Kenton
279:, and
2554:Texas
2434:Maine
2399:Idaho
2032:(PDF)
2007:(PDF)
1979:(PDF)
1954:(PDF)
1925:(PDF)
1880:(pdf)
1445:is a
1264:toads
1091:Fauna
1071:Flora
891:(10)
846:(16)
836:(12)
824:17.18
816:(17)
811:(25)
806:(40)
801:(68)
796:(79)
791:(55)
786:(63)
781:(38)
776:(24)
766:(10)
732:(−3)
712:(−3)
542:(43)
537:(29)
532:(32)
527:(37)
522:(42)
517:(42)
512:(42)
507:(43)
502:(39)
497:(36)
492:(32)
487:(30)
482:(28)
472:Year
299:near
263:is a
2645:Guam
2559:Utah
2514:Ohio
2414:Iowa
2040:2013
2015:2013
1987:2013
1962:2013
1937:2013
1888:2013
1852:2013
1819:2014
1797:2013
1770:2011
1743:ISBN
1716:ISBN
1689:ISBN
1668:2017
1636:ISBN
1615:2023
1590:2023
1565:2015
1410:, a
1324:IUCN
985:and
952:age
937:lava
903:NOAA
871:(0)
866:(0)
861:(0)
819:0.35
814:0.67
809:0.99
804:1.58
799:2.67
794:3.10
789:2.18
784:2.47
779:1.48
774:0.96
769:0.33
764:0.40
727:(7)
722:(8)
717:(4)
680:40.8
675:21.6
670:29.0
665:40.6
660:53.7
655:61.5
650:63.1
645:57.8
640:48.5
635:38.7
630:31.0
625:23.8
620:19.7
610:71.4
605:51.3
600:59.7
595:73.5
590:83.8
585:89.9
580:92.6
575:88.6
570:78.8
565:70.3
560:62.3
555:55.1
550:50.4
469:Dec
466:Nov
463:Oct
460:Sep
457:Aug
454:Jul
451:Jun
448:May
445:Apr
442:Mar
439:Feb
436:Jan
354:and
265:mesa
254:Hike
236:Mesa
218:USGS
164:U.S.
75:23rd
889:4.1
884:2.8
879:0.5
874:0.2
854:0.2
849:1.3
844:6.4
839:3.6
834:4.9
750:−23
745:−17
740:−15
700:−18
695:−19
690:−23
540:109
520:107
515:108
510:108
505:109
500:102
421:.
331:.)
271:of
2682::
1995:^
1927:.
1911:^
1827:^
1778:^
1658:.
1606:.
1581:.
1555:.
1531:^
1521:,
1517:.
1511:.
1496:^
1486:,
1482:.
1476:.
1461:^
1430:.
1386:,
1382:,
1370:,
1366:,
1362:,
1358:,
1354:,
1350:,
1346:,
1342:,
1338:,
1310:,
1306:,
1302:,
1298:,
1294:,
1266:.
1254:,
1250:,
1246:,
1242:,
1214:,
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