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878:. A witness recalled that Cocke held up the bean between his forefinger and thumb, and with a smile of contempt, said, "Boys, I told you so; I never failed in my life to draw a prize." He later told a fellow Texan, "They only rob me of forty years." Fearing that the Mexicans would strip his body after he was dead, he removed his pants and gave them to a companion whose clothing was in worse shape. He was shot with the sixteen others who drew black beans on March 25, 1843. His last words were reported to have been, "Tell my friends I die with grace."
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seventeen men who drew black beans were allowed to write letters home before being executed by firing squad. On the evening of March 25, 1843, the
Texians were shot in two groups, one of nine men and one of eight. According to legend, Huerta placed the black beans in the jar last and had the officers pick first, so that they would make up the majority of those killed.
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on
December 7, 1842, with 700 soldiers. The same day, Alex Somervell and his soldiers took over the town of Guerrero. By the time they took over the town, there were only 500 soldiers left from regaining Laredo (Guerrero was owned by Mexico). Lacking soldiers, Somervell ordered his men to return from
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The other sixteen who drew black beans in the lottery were
William Mosby Eastland, Patrick Mahan, James M. Ogden, James N. Torrey, Martin Carroll Wing, John L. Cash, Robert Holmes Dunham, Edward E. Este, Robert Harris, Thomas L. Jones, Christopher Roberts, William N. Rowan, James L. Shepherd, J. N.
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To help determine who would die, Huerta had 159 white beans and 17 black beans placed in a pot. In what came to be known as the Black Bean
Episode or the Bean Lottery, the Texans were blindfolded and ordered to draw beans. Officers and enlisted men, in alphabetical order, were ordered to draw. The
462:, sent 500 of his cavalrymen and two cannons to attack the group. The Texians held their own against the Mexican soldiers, but their fatalities mounted after the cannons came within range. The battle lasted just over an hour, resulting in 36 Texians dead and 15 captured in what Texans called the
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but only 400 soldiers retreated as ordered. On
December 20, 1842, the remaining 350 Texan soldiers under the command of William S. Fisher, approached Ciudad Mier. They camped on the Texas side of the Rio Grande and proceeded to participate in the capture of the town.
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The Texans were unaware of the true number of
Mexican troops stationed within the town. Once inside the city, the Texan soldiers were ambushed from their flanks and eventually surrendered in order to avoid the infamous
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On
February 11, 1843, 181 Texans escaped but, by the end of the month, the lack of food and water in the mountainous Mexican desert resulted in 176 of them surrendering or being recaptured. This was in the vicinity of
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M. Thomson, James
Turnbull, and Henry Walling. Shepherd survived the firing squad by pretending to be dead. The guards left him for dead in the courtyard, and he escaped in the night but was recaptured and shot.
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occupied northeastern Mexico. Captain John E. Dusenbury, who was a white bean survivor, returned to El Rancho Salado and exhumed the remains of his comrades. He traveled with the remains on a ship to
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the expedition on
December 19, 1842. More men joined the Texan's force at La Grange; they then Marched to Ciudad Mier under the command of William S. Fisher. The expedition then failed.
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Alex
Somervell and 700 Texas soldiers took off for San Antonio to punish the Mexican army for raiding parts of Texas, on November 25, 1842. The soldiers had regained control of
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in San Antonio. Some of the Texans escaped from Perote or died there. Most were prisoners until they were released, by order of Santa Anna, on September 16, 1844.
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The remains of both groups of men were reinterred in a ceremony attended by 1,000 people. They were buried in a large common tomb in 1848, in a cement vault on a
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on December 26 and 27, 1842, which the Mexicans won. The Texian attack was launched partly in hopes of financial gain and partly in retaliation for the
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with the goal of regaining control, particularly of the territory between the Rio Grande and Nueces River. Texas had hardly any settlements there.
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territory from Mexican control (these treaties had not been ratified by the Mexican legislature). However, his forces continued to invade the
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by which it gained independence, but Mexico did not agree. The expedition is best known for the Black Bean Episode, in which the Mexican Army
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Painted tile mural at Monument Hill State Historic Site, commemorating the execution of Texans after drawing black beans.
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1121:," Handbook of Texas Online. accessed June 21, 2014. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
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had drawn a white bean, but was ordered executed anyway by Santa Anna a month later while being held at
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by Miles S. Bennet, Center for American History, University of Texas, Austin). Retrieved June 21, 2014.
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by Miles S. Bennet, Center for American History, University of Texas, Austin). Retrieved June 21, 2014.
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escaped prisoners, selecting for execution one in ten prisoners by drawing beans from a pot.
385:(as named by Texans) earlier that year, in which thirty-six Texas militia were killed by the
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which was one mile south of La Grange. The grave site is now part of a state park, the
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led Santa Anna to compromise: he said one in ten of the prisoners would be killed.
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Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
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earlier in the day, a reinforcement company of 54 Texas militia, mostly from
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Interpretive Guide to: Monument Hill/Kreische Brewery State Historic Sites
455:, began advancing on the rear of the Mexican Army. The Mexican commander,
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The Mexicans army took 243 Texans as prisoner and marched them toward
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was an unsuccessful military operation launched in November 1842 by a
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La Grange citizens retrieved the remains of the men killed in the
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Sam Houston ordered the expeditionary force to pull back from the
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The Dawson and Mier Expeditions and Their Place in Texas History
897:. As he waited to die, Cameron refused to confess to a priest.
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On September 17, 1842, Texian and Mexican forces engaged at
1215:. Texas Historical Association. Retrieved June 21, 2014.
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Monument Hill and Kreische Brewery State Historic Sites
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Dare-Devils All: The Texan Mier Expedition, 1842-1844,
416:, the ruler of Mexico, was defeated by Texians at the
1149:"The Mier Expedition: The Drawing of the Black Bean"
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1560:19th-century military history of the United States
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1267:Francis M. Dimond Mier Expedition Papers.
1007:The Black Bean Episode is the subject of
886:, is named after William Mosby Eastland.
871:The first Texan to draw a black bean was
1575:Battles involving the Republic of Texas
1099:Cuero, Texas (1883) and present in the
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1610:19th-century prisoner of war massacres
1521:Supreme Court of the Republic of Texas
1185:. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.
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443:. After a separate favorable Texian
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64:November 1842 – February 1843
503:A map of the Battle at Ciudad Mier
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1516:Congress of the Republic of Texas
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1213:The Handbook of Texas Online
985:from their burial site near
953:Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
676:Mexican conflicts with Texas
264:Mexican conflicts with Texas
1526:Texas Historical Commission
1262:Museum of Fine Arts Houston
1194:. (From clippings from the
1171:Abolafia-Rosenzweig, Mark.
1095:. (From clippings from the
828:When the prisoners reached
414:Antonio López de Santa Anna
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1200:Valentine Bennet Scrapbook
1179:. 2nd printing April 1991.
1101:Valentine Bennet Scrapbook
1600:Mexican invasions of 1842
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1252:Drawing of the Black Bean
1225:1998 posthumous edition,
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224:64 killed and wounded
131:Commanders and leaders
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958:In 1847, during the
515:December 25–26, 1842
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705:Santa Fe Expedition
422:Treaties of Velasco
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293:Santa Fe Expedition
167:Alexander Somervell
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1227:Archie P. McDonald
1091:2010-12-05 at the
1009:Frederic Remington
970:, and by wagon to
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348:Battle of Campeche
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283:Tabasco Revolution
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18:Black Bean Episode
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1325:French Texas
1251:
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1222:
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1199:
1195:
1190:
1182:
1172:
1152:. Retrieved
1142:
1134:
1126:
1117:
1108:
1100:
1096:
1084:
1078:
1033:Texas portal
1012:
1011:'s painting
1006:
995:
991:Bexar County
987:Salado Creek
980:
957:
948:
915:
891:Ewen Cameron
888:
880:
870:
858:
827:
815:
792:
784:
772:
548:Belligerents
473:
437:Salado Creek
434:
412:
395:Nueces River
387:Mexican Army
374:
362:
360:
189:Ewen Cameron
97:Belligerents
46:
1490:San Antonio
1450:Brownsville
1391:Indian Wars
1196:Cuero Star,
1097:Cuero Star,
1055:Ciudad Mier
934:Adrián Woll
795:Mexico City
678:(1839–1843)
525:Ciudad Mier
470:Expeditions
460:Adrián Woll
441:San Antonio
379:Ciudad Mier
266:(1839–1843)
74:Ciudad Mier
1554:Categories
1470:Fort Worth
1406:Revolution
1376:Annexation
1166:References
823:Tamaulipas
811:Nuevo León
803:Tamaulipas
775:Rio Grande
633:60 wounded
631:40 killed
529:Tamaulipas
445:engagement
439:, east of
409:Background
391:Rio Grande
221:60 wounded
219:40 killed
78:Tamaulipas
1475:Galveston
1318:By period
1241:from the
972:La Grange
968:Galveston
964:U.S. Army
807:Monterrey
799:Matamoros
403:decimated
1440:Amarillo
1401:Oil boom
1369:By topic
1254:painting
1089:Archived
1019:See also
930:Veracruz
889:Captain
834:Coahuila
830:Saltillo
788:Degüello
779:Gonzales
613:Strength
520:Location
201:Strength
69:Location
1480:Houston
1465:El Paso
1411:Slavery
1386:Forests
1211:. from
1154:May 19,
838:Colonel
457:General
371:Mexican
1485:Laredo
1460:Dallas
1445:Austin
1246:Online
962:, the
940:Legacy
819:Salado
805:, and
572:
561:Mexico
536:Result
476:Laredo
367:Texian
191:
121:
110:Mexico
85:Result
1071:Notes
998:bluff
873:Major
575:Texas
426:Texas
124:Texas
1432:city
1421:Vice
1156:2016
920:and
847:and
797:via
512:Date
393:and
361:The
61:Date
1430:By
1256:by
989:in
974:in
777:to
621:350
618:836
209:750
206:836
1556::
1260:,
1221:.
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76:,
49:,
1296:e
1289:t
1282:v
1158:.
667:e
660:t
653:v
255:e
248:t
241:v
20:)
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