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The sexes are similar, but the male is slightly larger. Most males, but only 10% of females, have a hooked upper mandible. The immature bird has brown upperparts and a dark grey head and underparts. Its bill is greenish yellow, and its feet and legs are dull red. The downy chicks are black, as with
273:
The adult black crake is 19–23 cm (7.5–9.1 in) long with a short tail and long toes. As its name implies, the adult has mainly black plumage, with a brown olive tone on the wings and upperparts which is rarely detectable in the field. The eye is red, the bill is yellow (hence the
314:
of all types, as long as there is some vegetation to provide cover. Many rails are very secretive, but the black crake is often seen out in the open. It has benefited from human activity in the form of deforestation, and is rarely hunted because of its unpalatable flesh.
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The nest is a deep, neat bowl made from wetland plants and built by both sexes in marsh vegetation or on the ground in a dry location. The nest is also sometimes constructed up to 3 m (9.8 ft) high in a bush.
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The two to six, usually three, eggs are cream or white, and spotted with brown or chestnut. Both parents, sometimes assisted by the young from previous broods, incubate for 13–19 days to hatching. The
323:
The black crake is extremely aggressive when breeding and will attack birds of many species, but especially other rails. It will attack and kill rails of species as large as itself.
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in those parts of its range which are subject to drought. No subspecies have been described. It appears that the oldest available name for this species is actually
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chicks leave the nest in 1–3 days, but are fed by parents and helpers for several weeks. They can fly by 5–6 weeks, and are independent at 6–12 weeks.
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J. F. Gmelin, 1788, but
Swainson believed that the earlier name was unidentifiable, and his own has since become well embedded in the literature.
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359:. It will take the eggs of birds and scavenge on carcasses. It will forage on the ground or climb reeds to find prey including flying
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The black crake is diurnal, and this confiding bird will feed close to humans and often in the open. It eats a wide range of
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of the binomial name), and the legs and feet are red, duller when not breeding.
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The main call of the black crake is a duet, starting with a throaty chattering
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Rails: A Guide to the Rails, Crakes, Gallinules and Coots of the World
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Black crake
Species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds
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The habitat of this common to abundant species is freshwater
439:"The correct scientific name of the Black Crake (Rallidae)"
497:
Sinclair, Ian; Hockey, Phil; Tarboton, Warwick (2002).
733:
578:
470:Barlow, Clive; Wacher, Tim; Disley, Tony (1997).
416:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22692643A93362623.en
472:A Field Guide to the Birds of Gambia and Senegal
246:) is a waterbird in the rail and crake family,
257:except in very arid areas. It undertakes some
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443:Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
566:
48:
29:
20:
454:
414:
383:
516:Taylor, Barry; van Perlo, Ber (1998).
7:
970:Taxa named by William John Swainson
945:IUCN Red List least concern species
818:black-crake-amaurornis-flavirostris
437:Halley, Matthew R. (15 June 2021).
402:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
73:
489:BirdLife species factsheet for
391:BirdLife International (2016).
499:SASOL Birds of Southern Africa
1:
456:10.25226/bboc.v141i2.2021.a11
550:at VIREO (Drexel University)
955:Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa
366:This species will perch on
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554:Interactive range map of
548:Black crake photo gallery
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175:
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70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
960:Birds of Southern Africa
409:: e.T22692643A93362623.
965:Birds described in 1837
250:. It breeds in most of
228:Limnocorax flavirostris
220:Amaurornis flavirostris
922:Amaurornis-flavirostra
735:Amaurornis flavirostra
491:Amaurornis flavirostra
374:and remove parasites.
224:Limnocorax flavirostra
216:Amaurornis flavirostra
718:Paleobiology Database
204:Zapornia flavirostris
765:Zapornia flavirostra
580:Zapornia flavirostra
556:Zapornia flavirostra
474:. Christopher Helm.
395:Zapornia flavirostra
289:. The response is a
243:Zapornia flavirostra
212:Porzana flavirostris
179:Zapornia flavirostra
208:Porzana flavirostra
161:Z. flavirostra
40:Conservation status
561:IUCN Red List maps
306:Habitat and status
259:seasonal movements
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891:Open Tree of Life
705:Open Tree of Life
572:Taxon identifiers
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537:External links
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170:Binomial name
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55:Least Concern
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420:. Retrieved
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263:Rallus niger
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24:Black crake
18:
826:iNaturalist
759:Wikispecies
666:iNaturalist
422:11 November
295:coo-crr-COO
282:all rails.
276:flavirostra
269:Description
252:sub-Saharan
238:black crake
939:Categories
917:Xeno-canto
501:. Struik.
378:References
127:Gruiformes
595:Q28106640
333:precocial
301:Behaviour
291:dove-like
155:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
950:Zapornia
844:10217026
744:Wikidata
684:22692643
622:22692643
617:BirdLife
589:Wikidata
372:warthogs
347:, small
319:Breeding
248:Rallidae
196:Synonyms
187:Swainson
148:Zapornia
137:Rallidae
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
896:3599921
870:1294515
805:2474736
750:Q669074
710:7660000
697:2861787
658:9307070
645:blacra1
632:blacra1
604:Avibase
361:insects
339:Feeding
312:marshes
293:cooing
189:, 1837)
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
857:558539
779:113437
723:401354
671:508918
524:
505:
478:
255:Africa
883:72818
839:IRMNG
640:eBird
629:BOW:
357:seeds
353:frogs
909:1540
865:NCBI
852:ITIS
800:GBIF
792:CK9T
774:BOLD
692:NCBI
679:IUCN
653:GBIF
522:ISBN
503:ISBN
476:ISBN
424:2021
407:2016
370:and
355:and
349:fish
236:The
117:Aves
904:TSA
831:211
813:IBC
787:CoL
559:at
451:doi
447:141
411:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
