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Blepharida

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57: 33: 200:, which they feed on. The plants have developed a sticky, poisonous resin that sprays out when the leaves are bitten into, and the beetles have evolved to cut through the veins of the leaves to disable this mechanism first. There are currently 73 known species in 655:"Biology of Blepharida-group flea beetles with first notes on natural history of Podontia congregata Baly, 1865 an endemic flea beetle from southern India (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini)" 948: 616:"Supraspecific taxonomy of the flea beetle genus Blepharida Chevrolat, 1836 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the Afrotropical Region and description of Afroblepharida subgen. nov" 845: 871: 819: 858: 953: 155: 863: 292:-group. In 1998, Furth considered it to have sixteen genera, and in 1999 Medvedev added three more for a total of nineteen. 943: 767: 228:
The exact structure of the genus is contentious, and remains unresolved. In 1940, Heikertinger and Csiki considered
56: 876: 485: 450: 443: 429: 366: 254:. In 1982, Seeno and Wilcox returned to the three subgenera described by Heikertinger and Csiki, but retained 915: 499: 408: 345: 422: 520: 492: 436: 415: 310: 710: 541: 464: 373: 359: 338: 303: 394: 380: 331: 534: 457: 401: 324: 772: 527: 506: 387: 352: 902: 587: 513: 478: 317: 806: 213: 51: 938: 884: 850: 793: 690: 672: 635: 209: 615: 889: 680: 662: 627: 614:
Biondi, Maurizio; Frasca, Roberta; Grobbelaar, Elizabeth; D’Alessandro, Paola (2017-04-08).
471: 217: 42: 748: 685: 205: 932: 237: 798: 246:. In 1968, Bechyné elevated both to the status of genera, and erected a new genus 832: 742: 191: 187: 183: 138: 128: 118: 32: 733: 631: 676: 667: 639: 654: 275: 88: 68: 694: 759: 780: 727: 910: 824: 785: 563: 196: 837: 258:; despite this, in 1983, Scherer placed many Afrotropical species in 108: 98: 78: 704: 897: 279: 708: 811: 282:, and Afrotropical species are a separate but related clade. 653:
Prathapan, Kaniyarikkal; Chaboo, Caroline (2011-12-21).
288:
and its related genera have been referred to as the
717: 949:Taxa named by Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat 609: 607: 8: 270:. Cladistic analysis in 2004 indicated that 705: 588:"The Co-Evolution of a Beetle and a Plant" 31: 20: 684: 666: 555: 7: 916:1CC2F3D6-17C5-427F-9454-91ED099031D5 903:B78763E0-620E-B731-7E28-D851AA0B9C81 250:to contain Afrotropical species of 620:Insect Systematics & Evolution 14: 564:"Genus Blepharida - BugGuide.Net" 55: 262:. In 1992, Furth reclassified 1: 232:to include three subgenera, 970: 486:Blepharida schlechtendalii 954:Beetles described in 1836 632:10.1163/1876312X-48022152 451:Blepharida nigrotesselata 204:, which are found in the 194:with plants in the genus 168: 163: 52:Scientific classification 50: 39: 30: 23: 668:10.3897/zookeys.157.1472 444:Blepharida nigromaculata 430:Blepharida multimaculata 367:Blepharida hinchahuevosi 500:Blepharida sonorstriata 409:Blepharida maculicollis 346:Blepharida flavocostata 46:, or Sumac Flea Beetle 423:Blepharida melanoptera 521:Blepharida variegatus 493:Blepharida singularis 437:Blepharida natalensis 416:Blepharida marginalis 311:Blepharida atripennis 944:Chrysomelidae genera 542:Blepharida xochipala 465:Blepharida parallela 374:Blepharida humeralis 360:Blepharida gabrielae 339:Blepharida conspersa 304:Blepharida alternata 395:Blepharida judithae 381:Blepharida irrorata 332:Blepharida condrasi 535:Blepharida vittata 458:Blepharida pallida 402:Blepharida lineata 325:Blepharida bryanti 926: 925: 885:Open Tree of Life 711:Taxon identifiers 528:Blepharida verdea 507:Blepharida sparsa 388:Blepharida johngi 353:Blepharida florhi 274:species from the 266:as a subgenus of 186:of the subfamily 175: 174: 159: 961: 919: 918: 906: 905: 893: 892: 880: 879: 867: 866: 854: 853: 841: 840: 828: 827: 815: 814: 802: 801: 789: 788: 776: 775: 763: 762: 753: 752: 751: 738: 737: 736: 706: 699: 698: 688: 670: 650: 644: 643: 611: 602: 601: 599: 598: 592:cals.arizona.edu 584: 578: 577: 575: 574: 560: 514:Blepharida unami 479:Blepharida sacra 472:Blepharida rhois 318:Blepharida balyi 296:Selected species 154: 60: 59: 43:Blepharida rhois 35: 21: 16:Genus of beetles 969: 968: 964: 963: 962: 960: 959: 958: 929: 928: 927: 922: 914: 909: 901: 896: 888: 883: 875: 870: 862: 857: 849: 844: 836: 831: 823: 818: 810: 805: 797: 792: 784: 779: 771: 766: 758: 756: 747: 746: 741: 732: 731: 726: 713: 703: 702: 652: 651: 647: 613: 612: 605: 596: 594: 586: 585: 581: 572: 570: 562: 561: 557: 552: 547: 298: 240:, Blepharidella 226: 153: 54: 17: 12: 11: 5: 967: 965: 957: 956: 951: 946: 941: 931: 930: 924: 923: 921: 920: 907: 894: 881: 868: 855: 842: 829: 816: 803: 790: 777: 764: 754: 739: 723: 721: 715: 714: 709: 701: 700: 661:(157): 95–96. 645: 603: 579: 554: 553: 551: 548: 546: 545: 538: 531: 524: 517: 510: 503: 496: 489: 482: 475: 468: 461: 454: 447: 440: 433: 426: 419: 412: 405: 398: 391: 384: 377: 370: 363: 356: 349: 342: 335: 328: 321: 314: 307: 299: 297: 294: 225: 222: 182:is a genus of 173: 172: 166: 165: 161: 160: 146: 142: 141: 136: 132: 131: 126: 122: 121: 116: 112: 111: 106: 102: 101: 96: 92: 91: 86: 82: 81: 76: 72: 71: 66: 62: 61: 48: 47: 37: 36: 28: 27: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 966: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 937: 936: 934: 917: 912: 908: 904: 899: 895: 891: 886: 882: 878: 873: 869: 865: 860: 856: 852: 847: 843: 839: 834: 830: 826: 821: 817: 813: 808: 804: 800: 795: 791: 787: 782: 778: 774: 769: 765: 761: 755: 750: 744: 740: 735: 729: 725: 724: 722: 720: 716: 712: 707: 696: 692: 687: 682: 678: 674: 669: 664: 660: 656: 649: 646: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 610: 608: 604: 593: 589: 583: 580: 569: 565: 559: 556: 549: 544: 543: 539: 537: 536: 532: 530: 529: 525: 523: 522: 518: 516: 515: 511: 509: 508: 504: 502: 501: 497: 495: 494: 490: 488: 487: 483: 481: 480: 476: 474: 473: 469: 467: 466: 462: 460: 459: 455: 453: 452: 448: 446: 445: 441: 439: 438: 434: 432: 431: 427: 425: 424: 420: 418: 417: 413: 411: 410: 406: 404: 403: 399: 397: 396: 392: 390: 389: 385: 383: 382: 378: 376: 375: 371: 369: 368: 364: 362: 361: 357: 355: 354: 350: 348: 347: 343: 341: 340: 336: 334: 333: 329: 327: 326: 322: 320: 319: 315: 313: 312: 308: 306: 305: 301: 300: 295: 293: 291: 287: 283: 281: 278:are a single 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 239: 238:sensu stricto 235: 231: 223: 221: 219: 216:and southern 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 198: 193: 189: 185: 181: 180: 171: 167: 162: 157: 152: 151: 147: 144: 143: 140: 137: 134: 133: 130: 127: 124: 123: 120: 119:Chrysomelidae 117: 114: 113: 110: 107: 104: 103: 100: 97: 94: 93: 90: 87: 84: 83: 80: 77: 74: 73: 70: 67: 64: 63: 58: 53: 49: 45: 44: 38: 34: 29: 26: 22: 19: 718: 658: 648: 623: 619: 595:. Retrieved 591: 582: 571:. Retrieved 568:bugguide.net 567: 558: 540: 533: 526: 519: 512: 505: 498: 491: 484: 477: 470: 463: 456: 449: 442: 435: 428: 421: 414: 407: 400: 393: 386: 379: 372: 365: 358: 351: 344: 337: 330: 323: 316: 309: 302: 289: 285: 284: 271: 267: 264:Blepharidina 263: 259: 256:Blepharidina 255: 251: 248:Blepharidina 247: 243: 236: 233: 229: 227: 214:Afrotropical 201: 195: 190:. They have 184:leaf beetles 178: 177: 176: 169: 149: 148: 41: 24: 18: 833:iNaturalist 743:Wikispecies 210:Neotropical 188:Galerucinae 129:Galerucinae 125:Subfamily: 933:Categories 749:Blepharida 719:Blepharida 597:2020-07-24 573:2020-07-24 550:References 290:Blepharida 286:Blepharida 272:Blepharida 268:Blepharida 260:Blepharida 252:Blepharida 234:Blepharida 230:Blepharida 218:Palearctic 202:Blepharida 192:co-evolved 179:Blepharida 150:Blepharida 109:Coleoptera 89:Arthropoda 25:Blepharida 677:1313-2970 640:1876-312X 276:New World 244:Calotheca 224:Structure 170:See text 156:Chevrolat 75:Kingdom: 69:Eukaryota 939:Alticini 781:BugGuide 757:BioLib: 734:Q1874969 728:Wikidata 695:22303106 626:(2): 2. 220:realms. 206:Nearctic 164:Species 139:Alticini 115:Family: 85:Phylum: 79:Animalia 65:Domain: 911:ZooBank 851:1459729 825:1047399 686:3253645 659:ZooKeys 197:Bursera 145:Genus: 135:Tribe: 105:Order: 99:Insecta 95:Class: 890:834762 877:199318 864:719696 838:173329 760:916436 693:  683:  675:  638:  242:, and 158:, 1836 40:Adult 898:Plazi 846:IRMNG 812:13505 799:62HKF 786:39511 280:clade 872:NCBI 859:ITIS 820:GBIF 773:7909 768:BOLD 691:PMID 673:ISSN 636:ISSN 807:EoL 794:CoL 681:PMC 663:doi 628:doi 935:: 913:: 900:: 887:: 874:: 861:: 848:: 835:: 822:: 809:: 796:: 783:: 770:: 745:: 730:: 689:. 679:. 671:. 657:. 634:. 624:48 622:. 618:. 606:^ 590:. 566:. 212:, 208:, 697:. 665:: 642:. 630:: 600:. 576:.

Index


Blepharida rhois
Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Galerucinae
Alticini
Blepharida
Chevrolat
leaf beetles
Galerucinae
co-evolved
Bursera
Nearctic
Neotropical
Afrotropical
Palearctic
sensu stricto
New World
clade
Blepharida alternata
Blepharida atripennis
Blepharida balyi
Blepharida bryanti
Blepharida condrasi

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