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to describe divine possibilities in an eternal present. The central question of the nature and scope of divine power is related to previous discussions of the question and to the more sophisticated debates of the later Middle Ages. Damian's apparent claims that the law of contradiction does not apply
1169:
Peter Damian's voluminous writings, including treatises (67 survive), letters, sermons, prayers, hymns and liturgical texts (though, in a departure from many early medieval monks, no biblical commentaries) reflect the spiritual conditions of Italy: the groundswell of intense personal piety that would
987:
While he was in France the antipope
Cadalous had again become active in his attempts to gain Rome, and Peter Damian brought upon himself a sharp reproof from Alexander and Hildebrand for twice imprudently appealing to the royal power to judge the case anew. In 1067, the cardinal was sent to Florence
838:
on all who had been guilty, he reinstated in their benefices all who undertook to live in celibacy. The prudent decision was attacked by some of the rigorists at Rome but was not reversed. Unfortunately, on the death of
Nicholas II, the same disputes broke out, and they were not finally settled till
678:. The new cardinal was impressed with the great responsibilities of his office and wrote a stirring letter to his brother-cardinals, exhorting them to shine by their example before all. Four months later Pope Stephen died in Florence, and the church was once more distracted by
619:) that philosophy should serve theology as a servant serves her mistress originated with him. However, this apparent animosity may reflect his view that logic is only concerned with the validity of argument, rather than the nature of reality. Similar views are found in
325:
On his recovery, he was appointed to lecture to his fellow monks. Then, at the request of Guy of
Pomposa (Guido d'Arezzo) and other heads of neighbouring monasteries, for two or three years he lectured to their brethren also, and (about 1042) wrote the life of
56:
369:. There was much opposition outside his own circle to such extreme forms of penitence, but Peter's persistent advocacy ensured its acceptance, to such an extent that he was obliged later to moderate the imprudent zeal of some of his own hermits.
475:, containing a scathing indictment of the practice of simony, as threatening the integrity of the clergy. Meanwhile, the question arose as to the validity of the ordinations of simoniacal clerics. Peter Damian wrote (about 1053) a treatise, the
246:
around 1007, the youngest of a large but poor noble family. Orphaned early, he was at first adopted by an elder brother who ill-treated and under-fed him while employing him as a swineherd. After some years, another brother, Damianus, who was
808:(a reward received in exchange for services rendered and as a retainer for future services) were openly bought and sold, and the clergy publicly married the women with whom they lived. The resistance of the clergy of Milan to the reform of
1209:
to a woman who had lost it. Desiderius had sided with Jerome; Damian had claimed that God could indeed restore lost virginity. In this letter Peter defends his views, an undertaking that takes him into the discussion of the scope of
999:
Having served the papacy as legate to France and to
Florence, he was allowed to resign his bishopric in 1067. After a period of retirement at Fonte Avellana, he proceeded in 1069 as papal legate to Germany, and persuaded the
996:. His efforts, however, were not successful, largely because he misjudged the case and threw the weight of his authority on the side of the bishop. The matter was not settled until the following year by the pope in person.
411:, he strove for reforms in a deplorable time. After almost two centuries of political and social upheaval, doctrinal ignorance and the petty venality among the clergy had reached intolerable levels. When the scandalous
1019:. On his return thence he was seized with fever near Faenza. He lay ill for a week at the monastery of Santa Maria degl'Angeli, now Santa Maria Vecchia. On the night preceding the feast of the Chair of St. Peter at
1230:) (PL 145:231-252), he questions whether a hermit praying in solitude should use the plural; Damian concludes that the hermit should use the plural, since he is linked to the whole church by faith and fellowship.
634:
is frequently misunderstood. Damian's purpose is to defend the "doctrine of omnipotence", which he defines as the ability of God to do anything that is good, e.g., God cannot lie. Toivo J. Holopainen identifies
485:
described him as "one of the most significant figures of the 11th century, ... a lover of solitude and at the same time a fearless man of the Church, committed personally to the task of reform."
1015:
Early in 1072 or 1073 he was sent to
Ravenna to reconcile its inhabitants to the Holy See, they having been excommunicated for supporting their archbishop in his adhesion to the schism of
639:
as "an interesting document related to the early developments of medieval discussion concerning modalities and divine omnipotence." Peter also recognized that God can act outside time, as
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to God and that God is able to annul the past deserve recognition. In these discussions Damian shows himself the equal of any of the dialecticians that he so severely criticizes.
961:. In July 1061 Pope Nicholas II died and once more a schism ensued. Peter Damian used all his powers to persuade the antipope Cadalous to withdraw, but to no purpose. Finally
465:
After this he returned to his hermitage. Damian published a constant stream of open letters on a variety of theological and disciplinary controversies. About 1050, he wrote
1054:
on 27 September 1828 with a feast day which is now celebrated on 21 February (Ordinary calendar). In 1970, his feast was moved there from its prior date of 23 February.
1382:
481:, in favour of their validity, a work which, though much combatted at the time, was potent in deciding the question in their favor before the end of the 12th century.
423:) in 1045, Peter hailed the change with joy and wrote to the new pope, urging him to deal with the scandals of the church in Italy, singling out the wicked bishops of
2776:
1023:, he ordered the office of the feast to be recited and at the end of the Lauds he died. He was at once buried in the monastery church, lest others should claim his
827:
as his legates. The party of the irregular clerics took alarm and raised the cry that Rome had no authority over Milan. Peter boldly confronted the rioters in the
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in 1066. Meanwhile, Peter was pleading in vain to be released from the cares of his office. Neither
Nicholas II nor Hildebrand would consent to spare him.
984:, proved the justice of the contentions of Cluny, settled other questions at issue in the church of France, and returned in the autumn to Fonte Avellana.
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1030:
During his concluding years, he was not altogether in accord with the political ideas of
Hildebrand. He died the year before Hildebrand became pope, as
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Although living in the seclusion of the cloister, Peter Damian closely watched the fortunes of the church, and like his friend
Hildebrand, the future
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at
Ravenna, had pity on him and took him away to be educated. Adding his brother's name to his own, Peter made such rapid progress in his studies of
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He exacted first a solemn oath from the archbishop and all his clergy that for the future no preferment should be paid for; then, imposing a
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663:. For a long time, Damian resisted the offer, for he was more at ease as an itinerant hermit-preacher than as a reformer from within the
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361:") into the house, which, under his rule, quickly attained celebrity, and became a model for other foundations, even the great
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did not choose philosophers as disciples, and so philosophy is not necessary for salvation. But the idea (later attributed to
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and Ocri. A zealot for monastic and clerical reform, he introduced a more severe discipline, including the practice of
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at which a long argument by Peter Damian was read and greatly contributed to the decision in favour of
Alexander II.
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In 1063 the pope held a synod at Rome, at which Peter Damian was appointed legate to settle the dispute between the
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His body has been moved six times. Since 1898, Peter Damian has rested in a chapel dedicated to the saint in the
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demonstrate his continuing commitment to solitude and severe asceticism as the ultimate form of Christian life.
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and proved to them the authority of the Holy See with such effect that all parties submitted to his decision.
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1201:. Peter develops a position he had taken in an earlier discussion with Desiderius on the claim of
689:, but the force was on the side of the intruder and Damian retired temporarily to Fonte Avallana.
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and as a monk, his fervour was remarkable but led him to such extremes of self-mortification in
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About 1035, however, he gave up his secular calling and, avoiding the compromised luxury of
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has existed since his death at Faenza, at Fonte-Avellana, at Monte Cassino, and at Cluny.
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376:, to make up for the fatigue of the night office. During his tenure of the priorate, a
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David Berger, "St Peter Damian. His Attitude Toward the Jews and the Old Testament",
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Book of Gomorrah: An Eleventh-Century Treatise against Clerical Homosexual Practices
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The Book of Gomorrah: St Peter Damian's Struggle Against Ecclesiastical Corruption
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in the plural. He argued that monks should not have to study philosophy, because
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1934:
1759:
1625:"Italian inventions: the utilitarian table fork, once a "scandalous" innovation"
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1409:"Did St. Peter Damian Die in 1073 ? A New Perspective on his Final Days"
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Extending the area of his activities, he entered into communication with the
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The saint is represented in art as a cardinal bearing a knotted rope (the
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1967:
1276:'s use of a golden fork to eat. Forks were a new invention at the time.
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1020:
881: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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523: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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101:
1453: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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1721:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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267:, that, around the age of 25, he was already a famous teacher at
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2225:
1557:, ed. by Jorge J.E. Gracia & Timothy Noone, Blackwell, 2002.
659:. In the autumn of 1057, Stephen IX determined to make Damian a
458:
in the first days of 1047, in which decrees were passed against
432:
322:
that his health was affected, and he developed severe insomnia.
3923:
1763:
1692:
Owen J. Blum, "The Monitor of the Popes: St. Peter Damian", in
1091:
850:
696:
492:
1262:, the treaty about sodomy and insiders of the Catholic Church
198: – 21 or 22 February 1072 or 1073) was an Italian
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rendered a contest so bitter that an appeal was made to the
1710:, Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1962
334:. Soon after his return to Fonte Avellana he was appointed
1740:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
988:
to settle the dispute between the bishop and the monks of
388:
were purchased, and many books were added to the library.
1337:
St Peter Damian: Selected Writings on the Spiritual Life,
1193:
purports to be a letter from Peter Damian to Desiderius,
1205:
that, although God can do all things, he cannot restore
667:, but was finally forced to accept, and was consecrated
1189:, a long letter in which he discusses God's power. The
724:
126:
earlier 23 February (General Roman Calendar, 1823–1969)
1687:
Saint Peter Damin: His Teaching on the Spiritual Life
1535:, CatholicNewsAgency.com; accessed 20 December 2017.
1349:. Matthew Cullinan Hoffman (trans.). Ite ad Thomam.
1046:
Peter Damian is venerated as a saint and was made a
965:
and acting regent in Germany, summoned a council at
234:
on 27 September 1828. His feast day is 21 February.
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Pierre Damien: Lettre sur la Toute-Puissance divine
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95:
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69:
34:
1575:, americancatholic.org; accessed 20 December 2017.
1076:) in his hand; also sometimes he is depicted as a
674:In addition he was appointed administrator of the
1701:Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality
980:. He proceeded to France, summoned a council at
804:. So bad was the state of things at Milan, that
651:During his illness the pope died, and Frédéric,
1004:to give up his intention of divorcing his wife
599:. He claimed that the first grammarian was the
415:resigned the pontificate into the hands of the
1491:, (Winter 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.)
682:. Peter was vigorous in his opposition to the
349:, Gamogna, Acerreta, Murciana, San Salvatore,
140:bearing a knotted rope in his hand; also as a
3935:
1775:
338:(manager or housekeeper) of the house by the
185:
8:
1555:A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1008:. He accomplished this task at a council in
729:introducing citations to additional sources
220:placed him in one of the highest circles of
1553:Jack Zupko, article 'Gregory of Rimini' in
1126:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3942:
3928:
3920:
1782:
1768:
1760:
792:Around the end of 1059, Peter was sent as
70:Bishop, Confessor and Doctor of the Church
54:
31:
1752:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry
1146:Learn how and when to remove this message
941:Learn how and when to remove this message
583:Learn how and when to remove this message
372:Another innovation was that of the daily
1570:Foley OFM, Leonard. "St. Peter Damian",
1383:Saint Peter Damian, patron saint archive
1320:, (PL), vols 144 and 145, Paris: Vives.
719:Relevant discussion may be found on the
283:Peter Damian (far right), depicted with
278:
1565:
1563:
1489:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1394:
1339:trans. Patricia McNulty (London, 1959).
4943:Wilhelm Emmanuel Freiherr von Ketteler
1487:Holopainen, Toivo J., "Peter Damian",
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1528:
1526:
1524:
7:
1469:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1124:adding citations to reliable sources
1012:before returning to Fonte-Avellana.
879:adding citations to reliable sources
521:adding citations to reliable sources
5376:People from the Province of Ravenna
1174:at the end of the century, and his
957:in his struggle with the antipope,
953:He rendered valuable assistance to
345:Subject-hermitages were founded at
2682:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
1800:Dicastery for the Causes of Saints
1459:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "
1228:The Book of "The Lord be with You"
1178:abounds in denunciatory epithets.
446:crowned Henry III and his consort
62:Santa Maria degli Angeli, Florence
25:
1244:He was especially devoted to the
1084:, to signify his many legations.
27:Eleventh-century Benedictine monk
5303:
3902:
3890:
3769:María de las Maravillas de Jesús
3626:Seven Maccabees and their mother
2812:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War
1714:
1448:
1096:
855:
823:Nicholas II sent Damian and the
712:relies largely or entirely on a
701:
497:
401:Sancti Petri Damiani Opera Omnia
4261:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
1036:Civilization of the Middle Ages
866:needs additional citations for
508:needs additional citations for
5341:11th-century Italian cardinals
3974:History of the Catholic Church
963:Anno II, Archbishop of Cologne
442:. He was present in Rome when
1:
5396:11th-century writers in Latin
5391:Medieval Latin-language poets
5371:11th-century Christian saints
4623:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
4020:History of Christian theology
3734:Faustina and Liberata of Como
2922:Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia
2867:Teresa Benedicta of the Cross
1791:Saints of the Catholic Church
192:
78:
5366:11th-century Italian writers
3951:History of Catholic theology
1605:(in Italian). 6 January 2016
992:, who accused the former of
259:, first at Ravenna, then at
1655:www.taccuinigastrosofici.it
1326:, ed. Andre Cantin, SC 191
5412:
5049:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
5039:Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange
4324:Transubstantiation dispute
3897:Catholic Church portal
2857:Saints of the Cristero War
226:as a great predecessor of
136:represented as an Italian
5356:Diplomats of the Holy See
5346:Cardinal-bishops of Ostia
5298:
3957:
3885:
2892:Three Martyrs of Chimbote
2662:Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala
1837:Mother of God (Theotokos)
1797:
1696:vol. 2 (1947), pp 459–76.
1065:ever took place, but his
450:, and he also attended a
53:
4963:Matthias Joseph Scheeben
4156:Athanasius of Alexandria
4048:First Epistle of Clement
3038:Joseph (father of Jesus)
2424:Athanasius of Alexandria
2206:Athanasius of Alexandria
2090:Theophanes the Confessor
2070:Paul I of Constantinople
2065:Paphnutius the Confessor
2010:Athanasius the Confessor
1599:"La diabolica forchetta"
1407:Howe, John (June 2010).
1266:De Institutione monialis
1251:Officium Beatae Virginis
1185:His most famous work is
669:Cardinal Bishop of Ostia
647:Papal envoy and cardinal
154:Benedictine monk's habit
99:22 February 1072 or 1073
5381:Medieval Italian saints
5074:Dietrich von Hildebrand
4938:Giovanni Maria Cornoldi
4812:Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet
4792:Mary of Jesus of Ágreda
4334:Paulinus II of Aquileia
4329:Predestination disputes
2970:Gregory the Illuminator
2940:Augustine of Canterbury
2489:Dionysius of Alexandria
2404:Alexander of Alexandria
1737:Encyclopædia Britannica
1651:"Taccuini Gastrosofici"
1586:The Growth of Mysticism
1425:10.1484/J.ABOL.5.102054
839:after the martyrdom of
302:, entered the isolated
60:Bust of Peter Damian.
5310:Catholicism portal
5159:Hans Urs von Balthasar
4958:Tommaso Maria Zigliara
4898:Félicité de La Mennais
4577:The Cloud of Unknowing
4078:The Shepherd of Hermas
2409:Alexander of Jerusalem
2015:Chariton the Confessor
1977:in the Catholic Church
1293:De Sancta Simplicitate
1222:In the short treatise
1191:De Divina Omnipotentia
1187:De Divina Omnipotentia
1166:
1165:(modern print edition)
655:, was elected pope as
653:abbot of Monte Cassino
637:De divina omnipotentia
632:De divina omnipotentia
595:Peter often condemned
404:
295:
230:and he was declared a
186:
180:
172:
5351:Doctors of the Church
5084:Marie-Dominique Chenu
5003:Marie-Joseph Lagrange
4988:Désiré-Joseph Mercier
4872:Clement Mary Hofbauer
4867:Johann Michael Sailer
4294:Maximus the Confessor
3986:History of the papacy
3840:Fourteen Holy Helpers
3804:Trasilla and Emiliana
2955:Evermode of Ratzeburg
2837:Perpetua and Felicity
2807:Martyrs of Sandomierz
2677:Dismas the Good Thief
2604:Theophilus of Antioch
2574:Maximus the Confessor
2509:Epiphanius of Salamis
2449:Clement of Alexandria
2163:Doctors of the Church
2055:Maximus the Confessor
1842:Immaculate Conception
1603:Festival del Medioevo
1544:PL 145, p. 603, 1867.
1466:Catholic Encyclopedia
1280:Disceptatio synodalis
1161:
671:on 30 November 1057.
399:
282:
263:, and finally at the
113:Roman Catholic Church
5386:Italian Benedictines
5260:Raniero Cantalamessa
5230:Alice von Hildebrand
5179:Edward Schillebeeckx
4857:Maria Gaetana Agnesi
4742:Lawrence of Brindisi
4672:Francisco de Vitoria
4462:Beatrice of Nazareth
4437:Hugh of Saint Victor
4417:Bernard of Clairvaux
4397:Anselm of Canterbury
4359:John Scotus Eriugena
4354:Paschasius Radbertus
4201:Gregory of Nazianzus
4095:Epistle to Diognetus
3744:Hiltrude of Liessies
3689:Catherine of Bologna
3684:Bernadette Soubirous
2877:17 Thomasian Martyrs
2687:Four Crowned Martyrs
2609:Victorinus of Pettau
2589:Papias of Hierapolis
2559:Jerome of Stridonium
2524:Gregory of Nazianzus
2494:Dionysius of Corinth
2316:Lawrence of Brindisi
2271:Bernard of Clairvaux
2246:Anselm of Canterbury
2201:Gregory of Nazianzus
2128:Priscilla and Aquila
2025:Edward the Confessor
1503:"Saint Peter Damian"
1413:Analecta Bollandiana
1378:Anselm of Canterbury
1316:, in JP Migne, ed.,
1288:Antipope Honorius II
1239:The Eremitical Order
1181:His works include:
1120:improve this section
1048:Doctor of the Church
875:improve this article
725:improve this article
517:improve this article
232:Doctor of the Church
18:Blessed Peter Damian
5361:People from Ravenna
5235:Carlo Maria Martini
5199:Johann Baptist Metz
5169:Frederick Copleston
4993:Friedrich von Hügel
4953:Joseph Hergenröther
4933:Gaetano Sanseverino
4913:Ignaz von Döllinger
4837:Nicolas Malebranche
4677:Thomas of Villanova
4638:Counter-Reformation
4618:Girolamo Savonarola
4432:Hildegard of Bingen
4241:Cyril of Alexandria
4084:Aristides of Athens
4071:Epistle of Barnabas
4060:Ignatius of Antioch
3998:Ecumenical councils
3794:Teresa of the Andes
3674:Angela of the Cross
3636:Zechariah (prophet)
2782:Martyrs of La Rioja
2777:21 Martyrs of Libya
2667:Christina of Persia
2647:Charles de Foucauld
2584:Quadratus of Athens
2544:Ignatius of Antioch
2514:Fulgentius of Ruspe
2464:Cyril of Alexandria
2459:Cyprian of Carthage
2444:Cappadocian Fathers
2341:Hildegard of Bingen
2211:Cyril of Alexandria
2085:Sergius of Radonezh
1847:Perpetual virginity
1689:, Washington, 1947.
1533:"St. Peter Damiani"
1163:Vita Beati Romualdi
1059:cathedral of Faenza
300:Cluniac monasteries
265:University of Parma
5250:Alasdair MacIntyre
5129:Nouvelle théologie
5018:Thérèse of Lisieux
4862:Alfonso Muzzarelli
4802:Jean-Jacques Olier
4772:Tommaso Campanella
4687:Francisco de Osuna
4682:Ignatius of Loyola
4551:Catherine of Siena
4447:Robert Grosseteste
4344:Benedict of Aniane
4284:Isidore of Seville
4226:Augustine of Hippo
4191:Cyril of Jerusalem
4186:Hilary of Poitiers
3835:Four Holy Marshals
3830:Calendar of saints
3799:Teresa of Calcutta
3779:Patricia of Naples
3704:Catherine of Siena
2985:Patrick of Ireland
2907:Vietnamese Martyrs
2797:Martyrs of Otranto
2752:Martyrs of Cajonos
2747:Martyrs of Algeria
2742:Martyrs of Albania
2702:The Holy Innocents
2672:Devasahayam Pillai
2657:Carthusian Martyrs
2599:Polycarp of Smyrna
2554:Isidore of Seville
2539:Hippolytus of Rome
2534:Hilary of Poitiers
2469:Cyril of Jerusalem
2434:Caesarius of Arles
2429:Augustine of Hippo
2331:Thérèse of Lisieux
2326:Catherine of Siena
2276:Hilary of Poitiers
2251:Isidore of Seville
2226:Bede the Venerable
2216:Cyril of Jerusalem
2181:Augustine of Hippo
2095:Pio of Pietrelcina
2060:Michael of Synnada
1682:, 4 (1965) 80-112.
1509:. 21 February 2016
1431:on 6 January 2013.
1343:Damian, St Peter.
1259:Liber Gomorrhianus
1167:
468:Liber Gomorrhianus
405:
386:processional cross
380:was built, silver
296:
242:Peter was born in
5318:
5317:
5245:Gustavo Gutiérrez
5240:Pope Benedict XVI
5225:Pope John Paul II
5124:Josemaría Escrivá
5114:Henri Daniel-Rops
4998:Vladimir Solovyov
4978:Neo-scholasticism
4918:John Henry Newman
4852:Louis de Montfort
4847:Alphonsus Liguori
4842:Giambattista Vico
4777:Pierre de Bérulle
4763:French Revolution
4732:Robert Bellarmine
4712:John of the Cross
4598:Julian of Norwich
4556:Bridget of Sweden
4546:John of Ruusbroec
4536:William of Ockham
4452:Francis of Assisi
4442:Dominic de Guzmán
4412:Decretum Gratiani
4387:Berengar of Tours
4276:Early Middle Ages
4246:Peter Chrysologus
4196:Basil of Caesarea
4181:Ephrem the Syrian
4121:Antipope Novatian
3917:
3916:
3909:Saints portal
3860:Miles Christianus
3845:Martyr of charity
3814:Josephine Bakhita
3809:Ubaldesca Taccini
3754:Kateri Tekakwitha
3729:Faustina Kowalska
3719:Eulalia of Mérida
3699:Catherine Labouré
3694:Brigid of Kildare
3521:Baruch ben Neriah
2965:François de Laval
2950:Damien of Molokai
2917:Victor and Corona
2912:Valentine of Rome
2802:Martyrs of Prague
2767:Martyrs of Gorkum
2727:Martyrs of Lübeck
2614:Vincent of Lérins
2594:Peter Chrysologus
2549:Irenaeus of Lyons
2519:Gregory the Great
2504:Ephrem the Syrian
2301:Robert Bellarmine
2296:John of the Cross
2281:Alphonsus Liguori
2256:Peter Chrysologus
2231:Ephrem the Syrian
2196:Basil of Caesarea
2171:Gregory the Great
2153:Seventy disciples
2045:Lazarus Zographos
2030:Francis of Assisi
1900:James of Alphaeus
1857:Marian apparition
1706:Pierre J. Payer,
1680:The Yavneh Review
1356:978-0-9967042-1-2
1318:Patrologia Latina
1298:Liber Gratissimus
1284:Pope Alexander II
1237:and his treatise
1156:
1155:
1148:
955:Pope Alexander II
951:
950:
943:
925:
810:Ariald the Deacon
790:
789:
775:
676:Diocese of Gubbio
641:Gregory of Rimini
593:
592:
585:
567:
483:Pope Benedict XVI
478:Liber Gratissimus
440:Emperor Henry III
429:Città di Castello
330:for the monks of
228:Francis of Assisi
212:in the circle of
159:
158:
109:Venerated in
16:(Redirected from
5403:
5308:
5307:
5149:Emmanuel Mounier
5144:Bernard Lonergan
5069:Georges Bernanos
5054:Jacques Maritain
5034:G. K. Chesterton
4923:Henri Lacordaire
4822:Cornelius Jansen
4817:François Fénelon
4747:Francis de Sales
4737:Francisco Suárez
4608:Nicholas of Cusa
4492:Siger of Brabant
4477:Boetius of Dacia
4457:Anthony of Padua
4402:Joachim of Fiore
4382:Gregory of Narek
4369:High Middle Ages
4314:John of Damascus
4206:Gregory of Nyssa
3944:
3937:
3930:
3921:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3895:
3894:
3774:Narcisa de Jesús
3759:Lucy of Syracuse
3664:Agatha of Sicily
3576:John the Baptist
2822:Maximilian Kolbe
2817:Martyrs of Zenta
2792:Martyrs of Natal
2772:Martyrs of Japan
2762:Martyrs of China
2757:Martyrs of Drina
2692:Gerard of Csanád
2652:Canadian Martyrs
2637:Abda and Abdisho
2579:Melito of Sardis
2569:John of Damascus
2529:Gregory of Nyssa
2414:Ambrose of Milan
2346:Gregory of Narek
2311:Anthony of Padua
2286:Francis de Sales
2221:John of Damascus
1867:Joseph (husband)
1819: →
1815: →
1811: →
1784:
1777:
1770:
1761:
1741:
1720:
1718:
1717:
1694:Studi Gregoriani
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1627:. Archived from
1621:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1595:
1589:
1588:, (1994), p. 125
1584:Bernard McGinn,
1582:
1576:
1572:Saint of the Day
1567:
1558:
1551:
1545:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1507:Franciscan Media
1499:
1493:
1484:
1471:
1470:
1461:St. Peter Damian
1452:
1451:
1446:
1433:
1432:
1427:. Archived from
1404:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1282:, in defense of
1224:Dominus vobiscum
1170:overflow in the
1151:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1100:
1092:
1002:emperor Henry IV
982:Chalon-sur-Saône
946:
939:
935:
932:
926:
924:
883:
859:
851:
802:Pope Nicholas II
785:
782:
776:
774:
733:
705:
697:
588:
581:
577:
574:
568:
566:
525:
501:
493:
409:Pope Gregory VII
214:Pope Leo IX
197:
194:
189:
166:
83:
80:
58:
32:
21:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5401:
5400:
5321:
5320:
5319:
5314:
5302:
5294:
5275:Jean-Luc Marion
5213:
5164:Marcel Lefebvre
5089:Romano Guardini
5044:Joseph Maréchal
5022:
5013:Maurice Blondel
4908:Antonio Rosmini
4903:Luigi Taparelli
4881:
4807:Louis Thomassin
4782:Pierre Gassendi
4765:
4761:
4751:
4702:Teresa of Ávila
4640:
4636:
4627:
4613:Marsilio Ficino
4603:Thomas à Kempis
4593:Devotio Moderna
4566:Johannes Tauler
4561:Meister Eckhart
4531:Dante Alighieri
4506:
4472:Albertus Magnus
4363:
4270:
4216:John Chrysostom
4144:
4140:
4130:
4043:Clement of Rome
4024:
3962:
3953:
3948:
3918:
3913:
3903:
3901:
3889:
3881:
3872:Seven Champions
3865:Church Militant
3855:Athleta Christi
3850:Military saints
3818:
3714:Clare of Assisi
3650:
3586:Judas Barsabbas
3492:
3064:
2994:
2980:Nino of Georgia
2926:
2832:Pedro Calungsod
2787:Martyrs of Laos
2732:Luigi Versiglia
2623:
2564:John Chrysostom
2454:Clement of Rome
2395:
2388:
2355:
2321:Teresa of Ávila
2306:Albertus Magnus
2191:John Chrysostom
2157:
2118:Mary of Bethany
2099:
2005:Anthony of Kiev
1986:
1954:
1905:James the Great
1871:
1823:
1802:
1793:
1788:
1757:
1748:
1732:Damiani, Pietro
1730:, ed. (1911). "
1726:
1715:
1713:
1675:
1673:Further reading
1670:
1669:
1659:
1657:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1634:
1632:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1608:
1606:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1583:
1579:
1568:
1561:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1539:
1531:
1522:
1512:
1510:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1485:
1474:
1458:
1449:
1447:
1436:
1406:
1405:
1396:
1391:
1374:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1342:
1333:
1310:
1308:Modern editions
1248:, and wrote an
1235:Life of Romauld
1152:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1117:
1101:
1090:
1044:
978:Bishop of Mâcon
947:
936:
930:
927:
884:
882:
872:
860:
849:
825:Bishop of Lucca
814:Anselm of Lucca
786:
780:
777:
734:
732:
718:
706:
695:
649:
630:Damian's tract
589:
578:
572:
569:
526:
524:
514:
502:
491:
394:
277:
240:
195:
173:Petrus Damianus
164:
125:
100:
84:
81:
65:
49:
44:
43:
40:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5409:
5407:
5399:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5323:
5322:
5316:
5315:
5313:
5312:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5221:
5219:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5104:Henri de Lubac
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5079:Gabriel Marcel
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5059:Étienne Gilson
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5030:
5028:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5008:George Tyrrell
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4968:Émile Boutroux
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4948:Giuseppe Pecci
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4889:
4887:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4797:António Vieira
4794:
4789:
4787:René Descartes
4784:
4779:
4774:
4768:
4766:
4758:Baroque period
4756:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4722:Luis de Molina
4719:
4717:Peter Canisius
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4697:Francis Xavier
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4652:Thomas Cajetan
4649:
4643:
4641:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4583:Heinrich Seuse
4580:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4517:
4515:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4487:Thomas Aquinas
4484:
4482:Henry of Ghent
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4427:Anselm of Laon
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4373:
4371:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4349:Rabanus Maurus
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4280:
4278:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4266:Pope Gregory I
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4147:
4145:
4142:Pope Gregory I
4135:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4074:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4013:Biblical canon
4010:
4003:Catholic Bible
4000:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3983:
3982:
3981:
3970:
3968:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3924:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3899:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3877:Virtuous pagan
3874:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3826:
3824:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3660:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3641:Zechariah (NT)
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3502:
3500:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3074:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3004:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2975:Junípero Serra
2972:
2967:
2962:
2960:Francis Xavier
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2934:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2902:Uganda Martyrs
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2872:Titus Brandsma
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2847:Pietro Parenzo
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2717:Korean Martyrs
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2642:Boris and Gleb
2639:
2633:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2484:Desert Mothers
2481:
2479:Desert Fathers
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2400:
2398:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2365:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2291:Peter Canisius
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2236:Thomas Aquinas
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2123:Mary Magdalene
2120:
2115:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2050:Louis Bertrand
2047:
2042:
2037:
2035:Francis Borgia
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1996:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1862:Titles of Mary
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1833:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1809:Servant of God
1798:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1747:
1746:External links
1744:
1743:
1742:
1728:Chisholm, Hugh
1711:
1704:
1703:Chicago, 1980.
1699:John Boswell,
1697:
1690:
1685:Owen J. Blum,
1683:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1642:
1631:on 8 July 2020
1616:
1590:
1577:
1559:
1546:
1537:
1520:
1494:
1472:
1434:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1355:
1340:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1321:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1295:
1290:
1277:
1263:
1255:
1242:
1231:
1220:
1154:
1153:
1104:
1102:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1043:
1040:
974:Abbey of Cluny
949:
948:
890:"Peter Damian"
863:
861:
854:
848:
845:
788:
787:
740:"Peter Damian"
723:. Please help
709:
707:
700:
694:
691:
648:
645:
643:later argued.
617:Thomas Aquinas
591:
590:
532:"Peter Damian"
505:
503:
496:
490:
487:
419:John Gratian (
393:
390:
308:Fonte Avellana
276:
275:Religious life
273:
239:
236:
157:
156:
150:Cardinal's hat
134:
128:
127:
122:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
104:, Papal States
97:
93:
92:
76:
72:
71:
67:
66:
59:
51:
50:
45:
41:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5408:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5300:
5297:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5285:Aidan Nichols
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5265:Michał Heller
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5255:Walter Kasper
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5220:
5216:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5184:Thomas Merton
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5154:Jean Daniélou
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5025:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4893:Joseph Görres
4891:
4890:
4888:
4884:
4878:
4877:Bruno Lanteri
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4832:Blaise Pascal
4830:
4827:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4692:John of Ávila
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4635:
4630:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4572:
4571:Walter Hilton
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4541:Richard Rolle
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4509:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4422:Peter Lombard
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4407:Peter Abelard
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4370:
4366:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4299:Monothelitism
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4289:John Climacus
4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4273:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4176:Monophysitism
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4090:
4089:Justin Martyr
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4031:
4027:
4021:
4018:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3991:Papal primacy
3989:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3956:
3952:
3945:
3940:
3938:
3933:
3931:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3910:
3900:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3821:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3764:Maria Goretti
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3669:Agnes of Rome
3667:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
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1199:Monte Cassino
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1172:First Crusade
1164:
1160:
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1136:December 2017
1129:
1125:
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1115:
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1110:
1105:This section
1103:
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931:December 2017
923:
920:
916:
913:
909:
906:
902:
899:
895:
892: –
891:
887:
886:Find sources:
880:
876:
870:
869:
864:This section
862:
858:
853:
852:
846:
844:
842:
837:
832:
830:
826:
821:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
784:
781:December 2017
773:
770:
766:
763:
759:
756:
752:
749:
745:
742: –
741:
737:
736:Find sources:
730:
726:
722:
716:
715:
714:single source
710:This section
708:
704:
699:
698:
692:
690:
688:
685:
681:
677:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
646:
644:
642:
638:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
603:, who taught
602:
598:
587:
584:
576:
573:December 2017
565:
562:
558:
555:
551:
548:
544:
541:
537:
534: –
533:
529:
528:Find sources:
522:
518:
512:
511:
506:This section
504:
500:
495:
494:
488:
486:
484:
480:
479:
474:
471:addressed to
470:
469:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
402:
398:
391:
389:
387:
384:and a silver
383:
379:
375:
370:
368:
367:Monte Cassino
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
343:
341:
337:
333:
332:Pietrapertosa
329:
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
294:
290:
286:
281:
274:
272:
271:and Ravenna.
270:
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237:
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111:
107:
103:
98:
94:
91:
87:
77:
73:
68:
63:
57:
52:
48:
38:
33:
30:
19:
5336:1070s deaths
5331:1000s births
5270:Peter Kreeft
5218:21st century
5209:Henri Nouwen
5119:Jean Guitton
5099:Fulton Sheen
5027:20th century
4928:Jaime Balmes
4886:19th century
4707:Luis de León
4588:Geert Groote
4575:
4392:Peter Damian
4391:
4231:John Cassian
4171:Nestorianism
4093:
4076:
4069:
4052:
4030:Early Church
3789:Rose of Lima
3283:John Paul II
3113:Anastasius I
3083:Adeodatus II
3057:
2932:Missionaries
2842:Peter Chanel
2827:Óscar Romero
2722:Lorenzo Ruiz
2697:Great Martyr
2266:Peter Damian
2265:
2075:Peter Claver
1805:canonization
1756:
1735:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1660:25 September
1658:. Retrieved
1654:
1645:
1633:. Retrieved
1629:the original
1619:
1609:25 September
1607:. Retrieved
1602:
1593:
1585:
1580:
1571:
1554:
1549:
1540:
1513:25 September
1511:. Retrieved
1506:
1497:
1488:
1464:
1429:the original
1419:(1): 67–86.
1416:
1412:
1360:. Retrieved
1345:
1336:
1331:Translations
1323:
1317:
1313:
1297:
1292:
1279:
1274:Maria Argyre
1272:, condemned
1265:
1257:
1249:
1238:
1234:
1227:
1223:
1212:divine power
1190:
1186:
1180:
1168:
1162:
1142:
1133:
1118:Please help
1106:
1073:
1071:
1063:canonization
1061:. No formal
1056:
1052:Pope Leo XII
1045:
1035:
1029:
1014:
998:
986:
971:
952:
937:
928:
918:
911:
904:
897:
885:
873:Please help
868:verification
865:
847:Later career
833:
822:
791:
778:
768:
761:
754:
747:
735:
711:
673:
650:
636:
631:
629:
625:Wittgenstein
608:
594:
579:
570:
560:
553:
546:
539:
527:
515:Please help
510:verification
507:
476:
466:
464:
454:held at the
437:
406:
400:
371:
358:
355:flagellation
347:San Severino
344:
335:
324:
314:. Both as a
297:
241:
221:
187:Pier Damiani
184:
162:Peter Damian
161:
160:
124:21 February
90:Papal States
42:Peter Damian
29:
5280:Tomáš Halík
5204:Jean Vanier
5189:René Girard
5174:Alfred Delp
5139:Yves Congar
5134:Karl Rahner
5109:Dorothy Day
5094:Edith Stein
5064:Ronald Knox
4662:John Fisher
4657:Thomas More
4634:Reformation
4526:Duns Scotus
4521:Ramon Llull
4514:and reforms
4502:Roger Bacon
4467:Bonaventure
4377:Roscellinus
4166:Pelagianism
4137:Constantine
3960:Key figures
3749:Joan of Arc
3679:Æthelthryth
3596:Melchizedek
3458:Telesphorus
3448:Sylvester I
3333:Marcellus I
3328:Marcellinus
3248:Gregory VII
3243:Gregory III
3158:Celestine V
3153:Celestine I
3148:Callixtus I
3138:Boniface IV
3128:Benedict II
3103:Alexander I
3078:Adeodatus I
2897:Ulma Family
2887:Thomas More
2737:Martyrology
2712:John Fisher
2361:Evangelists
2241:Bonaventure
1895:Bartholomew
1829:Virgin Mary
1362:20 December
1314:Opera Omnia
1246:Virgin Mary
1216:temporality
1038:, p. 251).
1032:Gregory VII
990:Vallombrosa
959:Honorius II
607:to decline
473:Pope Leo IX
413:Benedict IX
203:Benedictine
196: 1007
82: 1007
5325:Categories
5290:Scott Hahn
4667:Johann Eck
4319:Iconoclasm
4251:Pope Leo I
4111:Tertullian
3483:Zephyrinus
3443:Stephen IV
3428:Sixtus III
3408:Simplicius
3353:Nicholas I
3278:John XXIII
3268:Innocent I
3238:Gregory II
3228:Gelasius I
3133:Boniface I
3093:Agapetus I
3088:Adrian III
3059:Matriarchs
3000:Patriarchs
2619:Zephyrinus
1992:Confessors
1960:Archangels
1852:Assumption
1803:Stages of
1300:, against
1203:St. Jerome
1082:papal Bull
1080:holding a
1074:disciplina
1042:Veneration
901:newspapers
751:newspapers
687:Benedict X
657:Stephen IX
621:Al-Ghazali
597:philosophy
543:newspapers
489:Philosophy
444:Clement II
421:Gregory VI
417:archpriest
359:disciplina
249:archpriest
238:Early life
146:papal Bull
144:holding a
132:Attributes
5194:Hans Küng
4983:Léon Bloy
4973:Modernism
4826:Jansenism
4512:Mysticism
4106:Montanism
3739:Genevieve
3646:Zephaniah
3453:Symmachus
3438:Stephen I
3423:Sixtus II
3403:Silverius
3398:Sergius I
3358:Paschal I
3348:Miltiades
3258:Hormisdas
3233:Gregory I
3218:Felix III
3203:Evaristus
3198:Eutychian
3183:Eleuterus
3178:Dionysius
3173:Damasus I
3168:Cornelius
3163:Clement I
3108:Anacletus
2852:Philomena
2499:Dionysius
2474:Damasus I
2419:Anatolius
2105:Disciples
2040:Homobonus
2000:Anatolius
1813:Venerable
1389:Footnotes
1207:virginity
1107:does not
1010:Frankfurt
829:cathedral
806:benefices
721:talk page
304:hermitage
293:Elizabeth
285:Augustine
257:canon law
200:reforming
4726:Molinism
4304:Ecthesis
4256:Boethius
4161:Arianism
4151:Eusebius
4101:Irenaeus
4065:Polycarp
3979:Timeline
3823:See also
3724:Euphemia
3561:Jeremiah
3541:Habakkuk
3498:Prophets
3473:Vitalian
3468:Victor I
3418:Sixtus I
3413:Siricius
3343:Martin I
3323:Lucius I
3288:Julius I
3253:Hilarius
3223:Felix IV
3193:Eusebius
3188:Eugene I
3118:Anicetus
2990:Remigius
2945:Boniface
2351:Irenaeus
2133:Silvanus
2080:Salonius
1925:Matthias
1890:Barnabas
1877:Apostles
1372:See also
1286:against
1017:Cadalous
976:and the
967:Augsburg
818:Holy See
684:antipope
661:cardinal
392:Reformer
382:chalices
378:cloister
336:economus
253:theology
223:Paradiso
210:cardinal
138:cardinal
4647:Erasmus
4497:Thomism
4236:Orosius
4211:Ambrose
4126:Cyprian
4054:Didache
4008:Vulgate
3967:General
3784:Rosalia
3709:Cecilia
3656:Virgins
3616:Obadiah
3591:Malachi
3536:Ezekiel
3488:Zosimus
3478:Zachary
3463:Urban I
3393:Pontian
3368:Paul VI
3303:Leo III
3263:Hyginus
3213:Felix I
3123:Anterus
3053:Solomon
3018:Abraham
2862:Stephen
2629:Martyrs
2396:Fathers
2369:Matthew
2176:Ambrose
2143:Timothy
2138:Stephen
2113:Apollos
2020:Dominic
1982:Raphael
1975:
1973:Michael
1968:Gabriel
1920:Matthew
1817:Blessed
1725::
1457::
1128:removed
1113:sources
1078:pilgrim
1021:Antioch
915:scholar
841:Arialdo
836:penance
765:scholar
557:scholar
456:Lateran
431:and of
328:Romuald
320:penance
310:, near
244:Ravenna
177:Italian
142:pilgrim
86:Ravenna
4339:Alcuin
4221:Jerome
4116:Origen
3631:Simeon
3621:Samuel
3556:Isaiah
3546:Haggai
3531:Elijah
3506:Agabus
3388:Pius X
3383:Pius V
3378:Pius I
3363:Paul I
3313:Leo IX
3308:Leo IV
3298:Leo II
3273:John I
3208:Fabian
3098:Agatho
3033:Joseph
2394:Church
2186:Jerome
1950:Thomas
1940:Philip
1885:Andrew
1719:
1353:
1302:simony
1025:relics
1006:Bertha
994:simony
917:
910:
903:
896:
888:
794:legate
767:
760:
753:
746:
738:
680:schism
559:
552:
545:
538:
530:
460:simony
425:Pesaro
403:(1743)
374:siesta
357:("the
351:Sitria
316:novice
312:Gubbio
291:, and
261:Faenza
181:Pietro
102:Faenza
3611:Nahum
3606:Moses
3601:Micah
3581:Jonah
3551:Hosea
3526:David
3433:Soter
3373:Peter
3318:Linus
3293:Leo I
3143:Caius
3070:Popes
3043:David
3028:Jacob
3023:Isaac
2439:Caius
2148:Titus
1945:Simon
1935:Peter
1821:Saint
1635:4 May
1270:Ostia
1195:abbot
1176:Latin
1088:Works
922:JSTOR
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