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Blood alcohol content

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1808: 440: 1868:, speed of drinking, the drink's nutritional content, and the contents of the stomach all influence the profile of blood alcohol content (BAC) over time. Breath alcohol content (BrAC) and BAC have similar profile shapes, so most forensic pharmacokinetic calculations can be done with either. Relatively few studies directly compare BrAC and BAC within subjects and characterize the difference in pharmacokinetic parameters. Comparing arterial and venous BAC, arterial BAC is higher during the absorption phase and lower in the postabsorptive declining phase. 1777:
BAC). The ability is robust to different types of alcohol, different drink quantities, and drinks with unknown levels of alcohol. Trained individuals can even drink alcoholic drinks so as to adjust or maintain their BAC at a desired level. Training the ability does not appear to require any information or procedure besides breathalyzer feedback, although most studies have provided information such as intoxication symptoms at different BAC levels. Subjects continue to retain the ability one month after training.
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the average person is commonly estimated at 0.015 to 0.020 grams per deciliter per hour (g/dL/h), although again this can vary from person to person and in a given person from one moment to another. Metabolism can be affected by numerous factors, including such things as body temperature, the type of alcoholic beverage consumed, and the amount and type of food consumed.
1793:, the driver's kidneys had a blood alcohol concentration of 80 mg/100 mL, but it could not be established how much of this could be attributed to natural decomposition. Newer research has shown that vitreous (eye) fluid provides an accurate estimate of blood alcohol concentration that is less subject to the effects of decomposition or contamination. 1816:
difficult to contest in court. Most countries forbid operation of motor vehicles and heavy machinery above prescribed levels of blood alcohol content. Operation of boats and aircraft is also regulated. Some jurisdictions also regulate bicycling under the influence. The alcohol level at which a person is considered legally impaired to drive varies by country.
473:. Its correlation with the standard BAC found by drawing venous blood is less strong. Jurisdictions vary in the statutory conversion factor from BrAC to BAC, from 2000 to 2400. Many factors may affect the accuracy of a breathalyzer test, but they are the most common method for measuring alcohol concentrations in most jurisdictions. 1833:
is the mathematical process by which someone's blood alcohol concentration at the time of driving is estimated by projecting backwards from a later chemical test. This involves estimating the absorption and elimination of alcohol in the interim between driving and testing. The rate of elimination in
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of the true value. It is not at all realistic for the absorption phase, and is not accurate for BAC levels below 0.2 g/L (alcohol is not eliminated as quickly as predicted) and consumption with food (overestimating the peak BAC and time to return to zero). The equation varies depending on the units
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or equivalently grams per liter (g/L). Countries differ in how this quantity is normally expressed. Common formats are listed in the table below. For example, the US and many international publications present BAC as a percentage, such as 0.05%. This would be interpreted as 0.05 grams per deciliter
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Forward extrapolation can also be attempted. If the amount of alcohol consumed is known, along with such variables as the weight and sex of the subject and period and rate of consumption, the blood alcohol level can be estimated by extrapolating forward. Although subject to the same infirmities as
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In 1982, a 24-year-old woman was admitted to the UCLA emergency room with a serum alcohol content of 1.51%, corresponding to a blood alcohol content of 1.33%. She was alert and oriented to person and place and survived. Serum alcohol concentration is not equal to nor calculated in the same way as
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It is also possible to use other units. For example, in the 1930s Widmark measured alcohol and blood by mass, and thus reported his concentrations in units of g/kg or mg/g, weight alcohol per weight blood. 1 mL of blood has a mass of approximately 1.055 grams, thus a mass-volume BAC of 1 g/L
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If individuals are asked to estimate their BAC, then given accurate feedback via a breathalyzer, and this procedure is repeated a number of times during a drinking session, studies show that these individuals can learn to discriminate their BAC, to within a mean error of 9 mg/100 mL (0.009%
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For purposes of law enforcement, blood alcohol content is used to define intoxication and provides a rough measure of impairment. Although the degree of impairment may vary among individuals with the same blood alcohol content, it can be measured objectively and is therefore legally useful and
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In an increasing number of states, laws have been enacted to facilitate this speculative task: the blood alcohol content at the time of driving is legally presumed to be the same as when later tested. There are usually time limits put on this presumption, commonly two or three hours, and the
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corresponds to a mass-mass BAC of 0.948 mg/g. Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, Germany, and Switzerland use mass-mass concentrations in their laws, but this distinction is often skipped over in public materials, implicitly assuming that 1 L of blood weighs 1 kg.
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Jones, Alan Wayne (22 March 2024). "Concentration units used to report blood‐ and breath‐alcohol concentration for legal purposes differ between countries which is important to consider when blood/breath ratios of alcohol are compared and contrasted".
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In 2004, an unidentified Taiwanese woman died of alcohol intoxication after immersion for twelve hours in a bathtub filled with 40% ethanol. Her blood alcohol content was 1.35%. It was believed that she had immersed herself as a response to the
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Zamengo, Luca; Tedeschi, Gianpaola; Frison, Giampietro; Griffoni, Carlo; Ponzin, Diego; Jones, Alan Wayne (1 February 2019). "Inter-laboratory proficiency results of blood alcohol determinations at clinical and forensic laboratories in Italy".
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Lindberg, L.; Brauer, S.; Wollmer, P.; Goldberg, L.; Jones, A.W.; Olsson, S.G. (May 2007). "Breath alcohol concentration determined with a new analyzer using free exhalation predicts almost precisely the arterial blood alcohol concentration".
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Maskell, Peter D.; Jones, A. Wayne; Heymsfield, Steven B.; Shapses, Sue; Johnston, Atholl (November 2020). "Total body water is the preferred method to use in forensic blood-alcohol calculations rather than ethanol's volume of distribution".
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Maskell, Peter D.; Jones, A. Wayne; Heymsfield, Steven B.; Shapses, Sue; Johnston, Atholl (November 2020). "Total body water is the preferred method to use in forensic blood-alcohol calculations rather than ethanol's volume of distribution".
824: 720: 3324:"Best-practices approach to determination of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) at specific time points: Combination of ante-mortem alcohol pharmacokinetic modeling and post-mortem alcohol generation and transport considerations" 969: 898: 414:
Blood samples for BAC analysis are typically obtained by taking a venous blood sample from the arm. A variety of methods exist for determining blood-alcohol concentration in a blood sample. Forensic laboratories typically use
1789:, a biological process which produces ethanol. This can make it difficult to conclusively determine the blood alcohol content in autopsies, particularly in bodies recovered from water. For instance, following the 1975 1909:, Poland, caused a car accident near his hometown. He had a blood alcohol content of 1.48%; he was tested five times, with each test returning the same reading. He died a few days later of injuries from the accident. 1842:
retrograde extrapolation—guessing based upon averages and unknown variables—this can be relevant in estimating BAC when driving and/or corroborating or contradicting the results of a later chemical test.
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In Germany, BAC is determined by measuring the serum level and then converting to whole blood by dividing by the factor 1.236. This calculation underestimates BAC by 4% to 10% compared to other methods.
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Dasgupta, Amitava (1 January 2017), "Alcohol a double-edged sword: Health benefits with moderate consumption but a health hazard with excess alcohol intake", in Dasgupta, Amitava (ed.),
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Maskell, Peter D.; Cooper, Gail A. A. (September 2020). "The Contribution of Body Mass and Volume of Distribution to the Estimated Uncertainty Associated with the Widmark Equation".
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Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey
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per volume of blood. In the US and many international publications, BAC levels are written as a percentage such as 0.08%, meaning that there is 0.08 g of alcohol for every 100
4572: 3626: 3087: 394: 4577: 3982: 1939:, Poland, who died in a car accident, recorded a blood alcohol content of 2.23%; however, the blood sample was collected from a wound and thus possibly contaminated. 4959: 4521: 495:
for elimination. The model is most accurate when used to estimate BAC a few hours after drinking a single dose of alcohol in a fasted state, and can be within 20%
465:, resulting in a breath alcohol content (BrAC). The BrAC specifically correlates with the concentration of alcohol in arterial blood, satisfying the equation 3863: 3587:
O'Neill, Shane; Tipton, KF; Prichard, JS; Quinlan, A (1984). "Survival After High Blood Alcohol Levels: Association with First-Order Elimination Kinetics".
2653:"Reflections on variability in the blood-breath ratio of ethanol and its importance when evidential breath-alcohol instruments are used in law enforcement" 1950:
lying in the ditch along the road in Tarnowska Wola. At the hospital, it was recorded that the man had a blood alcohol content of 1.374%. The man survived.
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Kelly, Alexandra R.; Fillmore, Mark T. (24 August 2023). "Use of mindfulness training to improve BAC self-estimation during a drinking episode".
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Huber, H; Karlin, R; Nathan, P E (January 1976). "Blood alcohol level discrimination by nonalcoholics. The role of internal and external cues".
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Blood alcohol content can be quickly estimated by a model developed by Swedish professor Erik Widmark in the 1920s. The model corresponds to a
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Jones, Alan Wayne (July 2010). "Evidence-based survey of the elimination rates of ethanol from blood with applications in forensic casework".
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Gullberg, Rod G. (October 2007). "Estimating the uncertainty associated with Widmark's equation as commonly applied in forensic toxicology".
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After fatal accidents, it is common to check the blood alcohol levels of involved persons. However, soon after death, the body begins to
4919: 4844: 609:(L); typically body weight (kg) multiplied by 0.71 L/kg for men and 0.58 L/kg for women although estimation using TBW is more accurate. 4817: 4643: 4584: 4255: 3917: 439: 5271: 5202: 5182: 4625: 3322:
Cowan, Dallas M.; Maskrey, Joshua R.; Fung, Ernest S.; Woods, Tyler A.; Stabryla, Lisa M.; Scott, Paul K.; Finley, Brent L. (2016).
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Savini, F; Tartaglia, A; Coccia, L; Palestini, D; D'Ovidio, C; de Grazia, U; Merone, GM; Bassotti, E; Locatelli, M (12 June 2020).
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combined with mass spectrometry or flame ionization detection, as this method is accurate and efficient. Hospitals typically use
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Perham, Nick; Moore, Simon C.; Shepherd, Jonathan; Cusens, Bryany (2007). "Identifying drunkenness in the night-time economy".
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Rowan, D. C. (March 1978). "The Role of Blood Alcohol Level Estimation in Training Alcoholics to become Controlled Drinkers".
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In 1984, a 30-year-old man survived a blood alcohol concentration of 1.5% after vigorous medical intervention that included
506: 2068: 3977: 2050: 4898: 4865: 4653: 4127: 4069: 3987: 3972: 3962: 1802: 2750:"Fast Eddie's 8/10 Method of Hand Calculating Blood Alcohol Concentration: A Simple Method For Using Widmark's Formula" 5240: 4592: 3906: 3849: 427:. This method is more subject to error but may be performed rapidly in parallel with other blood sample measurements. 3427:
Montgomery, Mark R.; Reasor, Mark J. (1992). "Retrograde extrapolation of blood alcohol data: An applied approach".
401:" as a pattern of drinking that brings a person's blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08 grams percent or above. 5108: 5071: 4849: 4100: 3992: 2162: 1932:. His blood had an alcohol content of 1.6%. Also in the vehicle were five boys and a woman, who were also arrested. 1864:
acronym (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion). Besides the dose ingested, factors such as the person's
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is the amount time during which alcohol was present in the blood (usually time since consumption began), in hours.
5007: 4673: 4562: 4115: 4024: 3967: 2029: 3702: 5136: 3472:"Alcohol, its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body and pharmacokinetic calculations" 2749: 1925: 496: 140: 136: 4538: 2951:"Population ranges for the volume of distribution ( V_d ) of alcohol for use in forensic alcohol calculations" 5266: 5187: 4929: 4802: 4074: 3076: 1851: 482: 4760: 4707: 4663: 4548: 4516: 4307: 4280: 3378:"Ethanol Determination in Post-Mortem Samples: Correlation between Blood and Vitreous Humor Concentration" 606: 2388: 2342: 1924:
light van containing 15 sheep allegedly stolen from nearby farms was arrested on December 22, 2010, near
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The amount of alcohol on the breath can be measured, without requiring drawing blood, by blowing into a
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Alcohol, Drugs, Genes and the Clinical Laboratory: An Overview for Healthcare and Safety Professionals
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Map of Europe showing countries' blood alcohol limits as defined in g/dL for the general population
1790: 819:{\displaystyle EBAC=21/(0.58\cdot 70)-(0.156\cdot 2)\approx 0.205{\text{g/L}}=0.0205\%{\text{BAC}}} 715:{\displaystyle EBAC=28/(0.71\cdot 80)-(0.148\cdot 2)\approx 0.197{\text{g/L}}=0.0197\%{\text{BAC}}} 492: 381: 236: 5024: 4967: 4949: 4942: 4883: 4782: 4775: 4737: 4697: 4503: 4404: 4319: 4297: 4151: 4110: 3872: 3528: 3194: 3059: 3015: 2896: 2555: 1921: 1013: 725:
A 70 kg woman drinks 63 g of 40% ABV vodka, containing 21 grams of ethanol. After two hours:
206: 120: 3627:"Śmiertelny rekord: Kierowca z powiatu ostrołęckiego miał 22 promile alkoholu! Zginął w wypadku" 1024:(14 g or 17.7 mL) of ethanol, whereas other definitions exist, for example 10 grams of ethanol. 996: 621:(3 oz) of 40% ABV vodka, containing 14 grams of ethanol each (28 g total). After two hours: 144:
of blood. This same concentration could be expressed as 0.5‰ or 50 mg% in other countries.
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Maskell, Peter D.; Heymsfield, Steven B.; Shapses, Sue; Limoges, Jennifer F. (September 2023).
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Blood alcohol concentration, blood ethanol concentration, blood alcohol level, blood alcohol
3730:[He had 13.74 blood alcohol levels. And he survived. World record?]. Archived from 5207: 4888: 4873: 4854: 4359: 4354: 4228: 3548:"Conversion of Serum-Alcohol Concentrations to Corresponding Blood-Alcohol Concentrations" 3083: 2323:"Quick Stats: Binge Drinking." The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. April 2008. 1891: 1857: 832:
of alcohol consumed and weight in pounds, Widmark's formula can be simply approximated as
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BAC is generally defined as a fraction of weight of alcohol per volume of blood, with an
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of blood. In different countries, the maximum permitted BAC when driving ranges from the
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Based on one drink having 0.5 US fl oz (15 mL) alcohol by volume
893:{\displaystyle EBAC=8\times {\text{fl oz}}/{\text{weight in pounds}}-\beta \times T} 5157: 5147: 4937: 4233: 1929: 1786: 1021: 462: 456: 448: 17: 2669: 1947: 247:
of ethanol is 46.07 g/mol, a BAC of 1 g/L is 21.706 mmol/L (21.706 mM).
2283:[In this context, it is assumed that 1 liter of blood weighs 1 kilogram.] 393:
The magnitude of sensory impairment may vary in people of differing weights. The
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Johnson, R (1982). "Survival After a Serum Ethanol Concentration of 11/2%".
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Potential total loss of consciousness; signs of severe alcohol intoxication
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There have been reported cases of blood alcohol content higher than 1%:
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is used; this is occasionally provided as a courtesy in English texts.
3841: 2574:"Hospital Blood Alcohol Lab Results: Are They Forensically Reliable?" 2447: 1967:
In Germany, Finland, Netherlands and Sweden, the local language term
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defendant is permitted to offer evidence to rebut this presumption.
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Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. Science and Technology Department.
5212: 5120: 4285: 2769:"Uncertainty in Theoretical Calculations of Alcohol Concentration" 1806: 438: 64: 3728:"Miał 13,74 promila alkoholu we krwi. I przeżył. Rekord świata?" 2281:
I detta sammanhang räknar man med att 1 liter blod väger 1 kilo.
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Proc. 17th Internat. Conf. on Alcohol, Drugs and Traffic Safety
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and approximations used, but in its simplest form is given by:
2115:"Pharmacokinetics of Ethanol - Issues of Forensic Importance" 1765:
Subtract approximately 0.01 every 40 minutes after drinking.
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compared. Each contains about 14 grams or 17.7 mL of ethanol.
3654:"Fatal alcohol immersion during the SARS epidemic in Taiwan" 3212:
Kugelberg, Fredrik C.; Jones, Alan Wayne (5 January 2007).
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single-compartment model with instantaneous absorption and
127:) to 0.08%. BAC levels above 0.40% are potentially fatal. 3136:
British Journal of Addiction to Alcohol & Other Drugs
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Haghparast, Parna; Tchalikian, Tina N. (1 January 2022),
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Ban on caffeinated alcoholic drinks in the United States
3262:"Analysis of alcohol mass concentration in corpse blood" 2051:"Drink-drivers in Nepal face the 'smell test' crackdown" 315:
Emotional swings, impaired vision, hearing, speech, and
3818:, 6th edition. New York: Aspen Law and Business, 2006. 557:{\displaystyle EBAC={\frac {A}{V_{d}}}-\beta \times T} 912: 841: 734: 630: 574:
is the estimated blood alcohol concentration (in g/L)
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Alcohol-related traffic crashes in the United States
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Wu, Yen-Liang; Guo, How-Ran; Lin, Hung-Jung (2005).
1946:, Poland, was found by Municipal Police Patrol from 5175: 5129: 5099: 5023: 4907: 4751: 4723: 4616: 4607: 4573:
List of countries by alcohol consumption per capita
4496: 4425: 4177: 4088: 4057: 4007: 3953: 3890: 3879: 63: 53: 34: 3620: 3618: 2484:"Alcohol Determination in the Clinical Laboratory" 1020:The examples above define a standard drink as 0.6 963: 892: 818: 714: 556: 4578:Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States 3983:Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism 2011:. 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(2002). 3382:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 3219:Forensic Science International 3036:Forensic Science International 2916:Forensic Science International 2873:Forensic Science International 2788:Forensic Science International 2708:Forensic Science International 2618:Forensic Science International 2524:Forensic Science International 1878:List of deaths through alcohol 788: 776: 770: 758: 684: 672: 666: 654: 451:in the United Kingdom, in 1967 27:Metric of alcohol intoxication 1: 4943:Sweat alcohol content monitor 3978:Alcoholism in rural Australia 3772:The Handy Science Answer Book 3589:Archives of Internal Medicine 3552:Journal of Chemical Education 3517:10.1016/S0140-6736(82)91285-5 3260:Xie, Y.; Deng, Z. H. (2010). 3101:Journal of Studies on Alcohol 2827:Medicine, Science and the Law 2821:Searle, John (January 2015). 2670:10.1080/20961790.2020.1780720 2209:(in Polish). 15 October 2019. 2026:"Legal BAC limits by country" 617:A 80 kg man drinks 2 US 421:enzyme multiplied immunoassay 4866:Adult Children of Alcoholics 4654:Drunk driving law by country 4070:Long-term effects of alcohol 3988:Disease theory of alcoholism 3973:Alcoholism in family systems 3963:Alcohol and Native Americans 3814:Taylor, L., and S. Oberman. 3765:General and cited references 3365:. 16 April 1975. p. 24. 3361:"Moorgate Alcohol Finding". 2992:Journal of Forensic Sciences 2955:Journal of Forensic Sciences 2594:Journal of Forensic Sciences 2265:"Alkoholpromille, beräkning" 1803:Drunk driving law by country 974:for a woman, where EBAC and 417:headspace-gas chromatography 295:Mild relaxation and reduced 111:BAC is expressed as mass of 5277:Driving under the influence 4593:International whisk(e)y day 3907:Driving under the influence 3340:10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.03.020 2189:"Blood alcohol level (BAL)" 98:blood alcohol concentration 5298: 5109:Christian views on alcohol 4715:List of alcohol laws of US 3993:High-functioning alcoholic 2657:Forensic Sciences Research 2263:Nager, Anna (4 May 2020). 1875: 1849: 1800: 1764: 989: 480: 454: 254: 235:, it is common to use the 5231: 5008:Alcoholic spirits measure 4993:Low-alcoholic malt drinks 4674:Ignition interlock device 4563:Drunken monkey hypothesis 4396:Routes of administration 4025:Alcohol congener analysis 3968:Alcoholism in adolescence 3449:10.1080/15287399209531639 3395:10.3390/molecules25122724 2030:World Health Organization 1697: 1630: 1563: 1496: 1429: 1362: 1295: 1228: 1161: 1094: 269: 266: 39: 5272:Concentration indicators 2839:10.1177/0025802414524385 2299:pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 443:Joke "Breathalyser 'pint 251:Effects by alcohol level 137:SI coherent derived unit 5188:Alcohol and spaceflight 4930:Alcohol server training 4803:Managed alcohol program 4381:Binge drinking devices 4075:Pharmacology of ethanol 3113:10.15288/jsa.1976.37.27 3004:10.1111/1556-4029.14447 2968:10.1111/1556-4029.15317 2602:10.1111/1556-4029.15511 2221:"The drink drive limit" 2119:Forensic Science Review 2113:Jones, AW (July 2011). 218:= 1 mg/100 mL 197:= 100 mg/1 dL 4793:Alcohol rehabilitation 4761:Alcohol detoxification 4664:Field sobriety testing 4549:Health effects of wine 4517:International Beer Day 4281:Holiday heart syndrome 3476:WIREs Forensic Science 3082:June 30, 2007, at the 2145:"Blood alcohol levels" 1887:blood alcohol content. 1812: 1017: 965: 894: 820: 716: 607:volume of distribution 558: 452: 286:0.01 â€“ 0.05 178:US, Australia, Canada 175:= 1 g/100 mL 104:, is a measurement of 5045:Disulfiram-like drugs 4585:Ritual use of alcohol 4554:Wine and food pairing 4539:ApĂŠritif and digestif 4190:Adulterated moonshine 4037:Blood alcohol content 3999:Seeing pink elephants 3816:Drunk Driving Defense 2500:10.1093/ajcp/74.5.747 2005:"Blood Alcohol Level" 1810: 999: 966: 895: 821: 717: 559: 442: 306:0.06 â€“ 0.2 255:Further information: 90:Blood alcohol content 35:Blood alcohol content 5114:Alcohol in the Bible 5101:Religion and alcohol 5067:General anaesthetics 4860:Alcoholics Anonymous 4818:List of mixed drinks 4271:Alcohol intoxication 4186:Adulterated alcohol 1905:In 1995, a man from 910: 839: 732: 628: 507: 357:300 â€“ 400 351:0.3 â€“ 0.4 343:alcohol intoxication 335:Urinary incontinence 331:200 â€“ 300 325:0.2 â€“ 0.3 289:0.1 â€“ 0.5 131:Units of measurement 106:alcohol intoxication 5193:Gateway drug effect 4979:Low-alcohol drinks 4808:Non-alcoholic drink 4743:Temperance movement 4725:Alcohol prohibition 4448:Gilbert Paul Jordan 4438:Dionysian Mysteries 4222:on college campuses 4217:Alcohol advertising 3935:Public intoxication 3564:2002JChEd..79..803L 3441:1992JTEHA..36..281M 2756:on 2 December 2003. 2151:. 8 February 2022 . 1937:Gmina Olszewo-Borki 1896:intravenous therapy 1791:Moorgate tube crash 1033: 493:zero-order kinetics 382:respiratory failure 312:60 â€“ 200 237:amount of substance 161:1 percent (%), 1 g% 102:blood alcohol level 18:Blood alcohol limit 5025:Addiction medicine 4968:Get Your Sexy Back 4908:Alcohol limitation 4884:Sober living house 4850:Twelve-step groups 4783:Brief intervention 4776:Open-container law 4738:Neo-prohibitionism 4698:Legal drinking age 4504:Alcoholic beverage 4405:Alcohol inhalation 4320:Drinking in public 4298:Blackout Wednesday 4156:Beverage-specific 3873:Alcohol and health 3179:10.1037/adb0000955 1922:Mercedes-Benz Vito 1813: 1027: 1018: 986:By standard drinks 961: 890: 816: 712: 554: 471:= BrAC × 2251 Âą 46 453: 410:Direct measurement 397:defines the term " 341:, and symptoms of 309:0.6 â€“ 2 292:10 â€“ 50 121:limit of detection 5249: 5248: 5171: 5170: 5121:Islam and alcohol 5055:Calcium carbimide 4925:Alcohol education 4813:List of cocktails 4788:Designated driver 4766:Alcohol-free zone 4669:Hip flask defence 4603: 4602: 4544:Hangover remedies 4488:Whiskey Rebellion 4478:Six o'clock swill 4266:Austrian syndrome 4205:Surrogate alcohol 4195:Denatured alcohol 4167:Red wine headache 3837:Estimated alcohol 3824:978-0-7355-5429-0 3780:978-0-7876-1013-5 3734:on 11 August 2013 3573:10.1021/ed079p803 3489:10.1002/wfs2.1340 2442:(11): 1374–1389. 2410:978-0-12-801238-3 2362:978-0-12-805455-0 1769: 1768: 1032: 947: 937: 876: 866: 814: 800: 710: 696: 540: 391: 390: 297:social inhibition 225: 224: 87: 86: 16:(Redirected from 5289: 5239: 5238: 5038:Chlordiazepoxide 4988:Low-alcohol beer 4632:Alcohol monopoly 4614: 4534:Drinking culture 4527:Women in brewing 4410:Vodka eyeballing 4377:Passive drinking 3888: 3866: 3859: 3852: 3843: 3811: 3758: 3757: 3750: 3744: 3743: 3741: 3739: 3724: 3718: 3717: 3715: 3713: 3698: 3692: 3691: 3681: 3649: 3643: 3642: 3640: 3638: 3622: 3613: 3612: 3584: 3578: 3577: 3575: 3543: 3537: 3536: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3467: 3461: 3460: 3424: 3418: 3417: 3407: 3397: 3373: 3367: 3366: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3319: 3313: 3312: 3288: 3282: 3281: 3266:Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 3257: 3251: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3185: 10907993. 3166: 3160: 3159: 3131: 3125: 3124: 3096: 3090: 3074: 3068: 3067: 3030: 3024: 3023: 2998:(5): 1676–1684. 2987: 2981: 2980: 2970: 2961:(5): 1843–1845. 2946: 2940: 2939: 2911: 2905: 2904: 2867: 2861: 2860: 2850: 2818: 2812: 2811: 2783: 2777: 2776: 2764: 2758: 2757: 2752:. Archived from 2745: 2734: 2733: 2723: 2699: 2693: 2692: 2682: 2672: 2648: 2642: 2641: 2624:(2–3): 200–207. 2612: 2606: 2605: 2588: 2582: 2581: 2580:. 30 April 2020. 2570: 2564: 2563: 2518: 2512: 2511: 2479: 2470: 2469: 2459: 2448:10.1002/hec.2991 2436:Health Economics 2427: 2421: 2420: 2419: 2417: 2384: 2373: 2372: 2371: 2369: 2338: 2327: 2321: 2310: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2291: 2285: 2284: 2278: 2276: 2260: 2254: 2253: 2242: 2236: 2235: 2233: 2231: 2217: 2211: 2210: 2199: 2193: 2192: 2185: 2179: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2159: 2153: 2152: 2141: 2135: 2134: 2110: 2083: 2082: 2080: 2078: 2073: 2065: 2059: 2058: 2047: 2041: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2022: 2013: 2012: 2001: 1974: 1965: 1866:total body water 1858:pharmacokinetics 1820:Test assumptions 1034: 1030: 981: 977: 970: 968: 967: 962: 948: 946:weight in pounds 945: 943: 938: 935: 899: 897: 896: 891: 877: 875:weight in pounds 874: 872: 867: 864: 825: 823: 822: 817: 815: 812: 801: 798: 757: 721: 719: 718: 713: 711: 708: 697: 694: 653: 604: 591: 585: 579: 573: 563: 561: 560: 555: 541: 539: 538: 526: 472: 446: 354:3 â€“ 4 328:2 â€“ 3 261: 233:pharmacokinetics 217: 213: 196: 192: 174: 170: 166: 147: 118: 44: 32: 21: 5297: 5296: 5292: 5291: 5290: 5288: 5287: 5286: 5252: 5251: 5250: 5245: 5227: 5208:Self-medication 5167: 5125: 5095: 5033:Benzodiazepines 5019: 4903: 4889:Sobering center 4874:Sober companion 4855:Al-Anon/Alateen 4747: 4719: 4609: 4599: 4492: 4421: 4361:In vino veritas 4355:Hair of the dog 4173: 4089:Adverse effects 4084: 4053: 4003: 3949: 3893: 3892:Alcohol-related 3883: 3875: 3870: 3833: 3785: 3767: 3762: 3761: 3752: 3751: 3747: 3737: 3735: 3726: 3725: 3721: 3711: 3709: 3700: 3699: 3695: 3651: 3650: 3646: 3636: 3634: 3624: 3623: 3616: 3586: 3585: 3581: 3545: 3544: 3540: 3502: 3501: 3497: 3469: 3468: 3464: 3426: 3425: 3421: 3375: 3374: 3370: 3360: 3359: 3355: 3321: 3320: 3316: 3290: 3289: 3285: 3259: 3258: 3254: 3244: 3242: 3211: 3210: 3206: 3168: 3167: 3163: 3133: 3132: 3128: 3098: 3097: 3093: 3084:Wayback Machine 3075: 3071: 3032: 3031: 3027: 2989: 2988: 2984: 2948: 2947: 2943: 2913: 2912: 2908: 2869: 2868: 2864: 2820: 2819: 2815: 2785: 2784: 2780: 2766: 2765: 2761: 2747: 2746: 2737: 2701: 2700: 2696: 2650: 2649: 2645: 2614: 2613: 2609: 2590: 2589: 2585: 2572: 2571: 2567: 2520: 2519: 2515: 2481: 2480: 2473: 2429: 2428: 2424: 2415: 2413: 2411: 2386: 2385: 2376: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2340: 2339: 2330: 2322: 2313: 2303: 2301: 2293: 2292: 2288: 2274: 2272: 2262: 2261: 2257: 2244: 2243: 2239: 2229: 2227: 2219: 2218: 2214: 2201: 2200: 2196: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2172: 2170: 2161: 2160: 2156: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2112: 2111: 2086: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2067: 2066: 2062: 2057:. 22 July 2012. 2049: 2048: 2044: 2034: 2032: 2024: 2023: 2016: 2003: 2002: 1993: 1988: 1983: 1978: 1977: 1966: 1962: 1957: 1880: 1874: 1854: 1848: 1827: 1822: 1805: 1799: 1783: 1774: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1029: 994: 988: 979: 975: 908: 907: 837: 836: 730: 729: 626: 625: 619:standard drinks 603: 599: 589: 583: 577: 571: 530: 505: 504: 489:pharmacokinetic 485: 479: 470: 466: 459: 444: 437: 435:By breathalyzer 412: 407: 259: 253: 215: 211: 194: 190: 172: 168: 164: 133: 96:), also called 49: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5295: 5293: 5285: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5269: 5267:Alcohol policy 5264: 5254: 5253: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5243: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5225: 5223:French paradox 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5179: 5177: 5173: 5172: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5133: 5131: 5127: 5126: 5124: 5123: 5118: 5117: 5116: 5105: 5103: 5097: 5096: 5094: 5093: 5092: 5091: 5086: 5079:Sulfonic acids 5076: 5075: 5074: 5064: 5063: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5042: 5041: 5040: 5029: 5027: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5017: 5016: 5015: 5013:Standard drink 5010: 5002: 5001: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4977: 4975:Liquor license 4972: 4971: 4970: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4946: 4945: 4940: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4911: 4909: 4905: 4904: 4902: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4870: 4869: 4863: 4857: 4847: 4842: 4840:Temperance bar 4837: 4832: 4831: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4805: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4779: 4778: 4773: 4763: 4757: 4755: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4729: 4727: 4721: 4720: 4718: 4717: 4712: 4711: 4710: 4705: 4695: 4690: 4689: 4688: 4678: 4677: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4640: 4639: 4629: 4622: 4620: 4611: 4605: 4604: 4601: 4600: 4598: 4597: 4596: 4595: 4587: 4582: 4581: 4580: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4559: 4558: 4557: 4556: 4546: 4541: 4531: 4530: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4514: 4506: 4500: 4498: 4494: 4493: 4491: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4429: 4427: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4419: 4414: 4413: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4394: 4393: 4392: 4387: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4316: 4315: 4310: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4289: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4261:Binge drinking 4258: 4253: 4251:Alcohol powder 4248: 4243: 4241:Alcohol myopia 4238: 4237: 4236: 4226: 4225: 4224: 4214: 4209: 4208: 4207: 4202: 4192: 4183: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4172: 4171: 4170: 4169: 4163: 4154: 4149: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4119: 4118: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4092: 4090: 4086: 4085: 4083: 4082: 4077: 4072: 4067: 4061: 4059: 4055: 4054: 4052: 4051: 4049:Wine chemistry 4046: 4041: 4040: 4039: 4029: 4028: 4027: 4017: 4015:Beer chemistry 4011: 4009: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4001: 3996: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3959: 3957: 3951: 3950: 3948: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3927: 3922: 3921: 3920: 3910: 3904: 3898: 3896: 3885: 3877: 3876: 3871: 3869: 3868: 3861: 3854: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3832: 3831:External links 3829: 3828: 3827: 3812: 3783: 3766: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3745: 3719: 3693: 3644: 3614: 3579: 3538: 3511:(8312): 1394. 3495: 3462: 3419: 3368: 3353: 3314: 3303:(4): 244–250. 3283: 3252: 3204: 3161: 3142:(3): 316–318. 3126: 3091: 3069: 3025: 2982: 2941: 2906: 2862: 2813: 2778: 2759: 2735: 2694: 2663:(4): 300–308. 2643: 2607: 2583: 2565: 2513: 2494:(5): 747–750. 2471: 2422: 2409: 2374: 2361: 2328: 2311: 2286: 2255: 2237: 2212: 2194: 2180: 2154: 2136: 2084: 2060: 2042: 2014: 1990: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1975: 1959: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1952: 1951: 1940: 1933: 1918: 1910: 1903: 1888: 1873: 1872:Highest levels 1870: 1850:Main article: 1847: 1844: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1801:Main article: 1798: 1795: 1782: 1779: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1762: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1730: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1695: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1663: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1628: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1596: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1529: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1494: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1466: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1427: 1426: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1395: 1394: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1360: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1332: 1328: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1293: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1261: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1230: 1226: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1198: 1194: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1159: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1127: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1092: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1045: 1044: 1041: 1038: 992:Standard drink 990:Main article: 987: 984: 972: 971: 960: 957: 954: 951: 942: 933: 930: 927: 924: 921: 918: 915: 901: 900: 889: 886: 883: 880: 871: 862: 859: 856: 853: 850: 847: 844: 810: 807: 804: 796: 793: 790: 787: 784: 781: 778: 775: 772: 769: 766: 763: 760: 756: 752: 749: 746: 743: 740: 737: 727: 726: 706: 703: 700: 692: 689: 686: 683: 680: 677: 674: 671: 668: 665: 662: 659: 656: 652: 648: 645: 642: 639: 636: 633: 623: 622: 611: 610: 601: 597: 587: 581: 575: 565: 564: 553: 550: 547: 544: 537: 533: 529: 524: 521: 518: 515: 512: 481:Main article: 478: 475: 468: 455:Main article: 436: 433: 411: 408: 406: 403: 399:binge drinking 389: 388: 384: 374: 371: 368: 364: 363: 361: 358: 355: 352: 348: 347: 345: 332: 329: 326: 322: 321: 319: 313: 310: 307: 303: 302: 300: 293: 290: 287: 283: 282: 279: 278:per mille (‰) 276: 272: 271: 268: 265: 264:Alcohol level 252: 249: 223: 222: 219: 209: 202: 201: 198: 188: 180: 179: 176: 162: 158: 157: 154: 151: 132: 129: 125:zero tolerance 85: 84: 67: 61: 60: 57: 51: 50: 45: 37: 36: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5294: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5259: 5257: 5242: 5234: 5233: 5230: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5198:Mood disorder 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5180: 5178: 5174: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5128: 5122: 5119: 5115: 5112: 5111: 5110: 5107: 5106: 5104: 5102: 5098: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5081: 5080: 5077: 5073: 5072:Nitrous oxide 5070: 5069: 5068: 5065: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5047: 5046: 5043: 5039: 5036: 5035: 5034: 5031: 5030: 5028: 5026: 5022: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5005: 5003: 4999: 4996: 4994: 4991: 4989: 4986: 4984: 4983:Fermented tea 4981: 4980: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4969: 4966: 4965: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4906: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4879:Sober curious 4877: 4875: 4872: 4867: 4864: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4852: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4810: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4777: 4774: 4772: 4769: 4768: 4767: 4764: 4762: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4754: 4750: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4730: 4728: 4726: 4722: 4716: 4713: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4700: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4687: 4684: 4683: 4682: 4679: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4656: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4633: 4630: 4627: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4619: 4615: 4612: 4606: 4594: 4591: 4590: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4579: 4576: 4575: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4568:Ladies' night 4566: 4564: 4561: 4555: 4552: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4536: 4535: 4532: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4495: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4468:Rum Rebellion 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4430: 4428: 4424: 4418: 4415: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4400:Alcohol enema 4398: 4397: 4395: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4382: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4362: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4350:Flaming drink 4348: 4346: 4345:Dutch courage 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4330:Drunk walking 4328: 4326: 4325:Drunk dialing 4323: 4321: 4318: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4305: 4304: 4303:Drinking game 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4263: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4235: 4232: 4231: 4230: 4227: 4223: 4220: 4219: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4212:Alcohol abuse 4210: 4206: 4203: 4200: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4187: 4185: 4184: 4182: 4180: 4179:Social issues 4176: 4168: 4164: 4162: 4158: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4117: 4116:breast cancer 4114: 4113: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4093: 4091: 4087: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4062: 4060: 4056: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4044:Fusel alcohol 4042: 4038: 4035: 4034: 4033: 4030: 4026: 4023: 4022: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4012: 4010: 4006: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3952: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3919: 3916: 3915: 3914: 3913:Drunk driving 3911: 3908: 3905: 3903: 3900: 3899: 3897: 3895: 3889: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3867: 3862: 3860: 3855: 3853: 3848: 3847: 3844: 3838: 3835: 3834: 3830: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3794:(3): 377–80. 3793: 3789: 3784: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3768: 3764: 3755: 3749: 3746: 3733: 3729: 3723: 3720: 3708: 3704: 3697: 3694: 3689: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3648: 3645: 3632: 3631:eOstroleka.pl 3628: 3621: 3619: 3615: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3583: 3580: 3574: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3542: 3539: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3499: 3496: 3490: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3466: 3463: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3435:(4): 281–92. 3434: 3430: 3423: 3420: 3415: 3411: 3406: 3401: 3396: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3372: 3369: 3364: 3357: 3354: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3318: 3315: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3287: 3284: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3256: 3253: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3220: 3215: 3208: 3205: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3165: 3162: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3130: 3127: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3088:Virginia Tech 3085: 3081: 3078: 3073: 3070: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3029: 3026: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2986: 2983: 2978: 2974: 2969: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2945: 2942: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2922:(1–3): 1–20. 2921: 2917: 2910: 2907: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2866: 2863: 2858: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2817: 2814: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2782: 2779: 2774: 2770: 2763: 2760: 2755: 2751: 2744: 2742: 2740: 2736: 2731: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2698: 2695: 2690: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2647: 2644: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2611: 2608: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2587: 2584: 2579: 2575: 2569: 2566: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2517: 2514: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2478: 2476: 2472: 2467: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2426: 2423: 2412: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2383: 2381: 2379: 2375: 2364: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2345: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2312: 2300: 2296: 2290: 2287: 2282: 2270: 2266: 2259: 2256: 2251: 2247: 2241: 2238: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2213: 2208: 2204: 2198: 2195: 2190: 2184: 2181: 2168: 2164: 2158: 2155: 2150: 2146: 2140: 2137: 2132: 2128: 2125:(2): 91–136. 2124: 2120: 2116: 2109: 2107: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2091: 2089: 2085: 2070: 2069:"BAC Formats" 2064: 2061: 2056: 2052: 2046: 2043: 2031: 2027: 2021: 2019: 2015: 2010: 2006: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1992: 1985: 1980: 1972: 1971: 1964: 1961: 1954: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1938: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1916: 1911: 1908: 1904: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1884: 1883: 1879: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1853: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1832: 1831:extrapolation 1825:Extrapolation 1824: 1819: 1817: 1809: 1804: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1780: 1778: 1771: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1731: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1664: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1636: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1530: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1463: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1329: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1262: 1258: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1128: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1093: 1046: 1035: 1025: 1023: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 998: 993: 985: 983: 958: 955: 952: 949: 940: 931: 928: 925: 922: 919: 916: 913: 906: 905: 904: 903:for a man or 887: 884: 881: 878: 869: 860: 857: 854: 851: 848: 845: 842: 835: 834: 833: 831: 826: 805: 802: 794: 791: 785: 782: 779: 773: 767: 764: 761: 754: 750: 747: 744: 741: 738: 735: 724: 723: 722: 701: 698: 690: 687: 681: 678: 675: 669: 663: 660: 657: 650: 646: 643: 640: 637: 634: 631: 620: 616: 615: 614: 608: 598: 595: 588: 582: 576: 570: 569: 568: 551: 548: 545: 542: 535: 531: 527: 522: 519: 516: 513: 510: 503: 502: 501: 498: 494: 490: 484: 476: 474: 464: 458: 450: 449:breathalyzers 441: 434: 432: 428: 426: 422: 418: 409: 404: 402: 400: 396: 387: 385: 383: 379: 375: 372: 369: 366: 365: 362: 359: 356: 353: 350: 349: 346: 344: 340: 336: 333: 330: 327: 324: 323: 320: 318: 314: 311: 308: 305: 304: 301: 298: 294: 291: 288: 285: 284: 280: 277: 274: 273: 262: 258: 250: 248: 246: 242: 238: 234: 229: 220: 216:0.01 g/L 210: 208: 204: 203: 199: 189: 186: 182: 181: 177: 163: 160: 159: 155: 152: 149: 148: 145: 142: 138: 130: 128: 126: 122: 114: 109: 107: 103: 99: 95: 91: 83: 79: 75: 71: 68: 66: 62: 58: 56: 52: 48: 43: 38: 33: 30: 19: 5158:Gin Act 1751 5148:Bratt System 5141: 5137: 5004:Measurement 4938:Breathalyzer 4708:Shoulder tap 4360: 4234:Beer goggles 4036: 3815: 3791: 3787: 3771: 3754:"Informacje" 3748: 3736:. Retrieved 3732:the original 3722: 3710:. Retrieved 3706: 3696: 3664:(2–3): 287. 3661: 3657: 3647: 3635:. Retrieved 3630: 3595:(3): 641–2. 3592: 3588: 3582: 3555: 3551: 3541: 3508: 3504: 3498: 3479: 3475: 3465: 3432: 3428: 3422: 3385: 3381: 3371: 3363:The Guardian 3362: 3356: 3331: 3327: 3317: 3300: 3296: 3286: 3272:(1): 59–63. 3269: 3265: 3255: 3243:. Retrieved 3226:(1): 10–27. 3223: 3217: 3207: 3170: 3164: 3139: 3135: 3129: 3107:(1): 27–39. 3104: 3100: 3094: 3072: 3039: 3035: 3028: 2995: 2991: 2985: 2958: 2954: 2944: 2919: 2915: 2909: 2876: 2872: 2865: 2833:(1): 58–64. 2830: 2826: 2816: 2794:(1): 33–39. 2791: 2787: 2781: 2772: 2762: 2754:the original 2748:Ed Kuwatch. 2711: 2707: 2697: 2660: 2656: 2646: 2621: 2617: 2610: 2593: 2586: 2577: 2568: 2527: 2523: 2516: 2491: 2487: 2439: 2435: 2425: 2414:, retrieved 2395:, Elsevier, 2392: 2366:, retrieved 2343: 2302:. Retrieved 2298: 2289: 2280: 2273:. Retrieved 2271:(in Swedish) 2268: 2258: 2249: 2240: 2228:. Retrieved 2224: 2215: 2206: 2197: 2183: 2171:. Retrieved 2166: 2157: 2148: 2139: 2122: 2118: 2075:. Retrieved 2063: 2054: 2045: 2033:. Retrieved 2008: 1968: 1963: 1930:Eastern Cape 1881: 1855: 1840: 1836: 1828: 1814: 1797:Legal limits 1784: 1775: 1090:240 lb 1085:220 lb 1080:200 lb 1075:180 lb 1070:160 lb 1065:140 lb 1060:120 lb 1055:100 lb 1043:Body weight 1022:fluid ounces 1019: 973: 902: 830:fluid ounces 828:In terms of 827: 728: 624: 612: 566: 486: 463:breathalyzer 460: 457:Breathalyzer 429: 413: 392: 386: 317:motor skills 230: 226: 212:1 mg/dL 195:1 mg/mL 169:1 cg/mL 134: 110: 101: 97: 93: 89: 88: 29: 5262:Alcohol law 5138:Beer Street 5089:Homotaurine 5084:Acamprosate 4955:Dry January 4934:Monitoring 4835:Teetotalism 4828:Malt drinks 4618:Alcohol law 4390:Yard of ale 4335:Drunkorexia 4147:intolerance 3940:Rum-running 3633:(in Polish) 3297:Blutalkohol 2530:: 213–218. 2035:12 November 2009:MedlinePlus 1829:Retrograde 1781:Post-mortem 1772:By training 1088:109 kg 1083:100 kg 1050:90 lb 1006:malt liquor 173:10 g/L 165:1 g/dL 5282:Metabolism 5256:Categories 5218:Town drunk 5050:Disulfiram 4998:Small beer 4964:Campaigns 4798:Drunk tank 4771:Dry campus 4681:Dry county 4463:Rum ration 4443:Dipsomania 4372:Pantsdrunk 4165:Red wine: 3955:Alcoholism 3945:Wine fraud 3637:4 November 3558:(7): 803. 3505:The Lancet 3077:BAC Charts 3042:: 110532. 2879:: 110532. 2304:3 November 2230:3 November 2077:3 November 2055:Yahoo News 1981:References 1944:AlfredĂłwka 1926:Queenstown 1876:See also: 1846:Metabolism 1078:91 kg 1073:82 kg 1068:73 kg 1063:64 kg 1058:55 kg 1053:45 kg 1048:40 kg 613:Examples: 594:eliminated 405:Estimation 245:molar mass 191:1 g/L 5153:Dry state 5060:Cyanamide 4894:Sobrietol 4693:Last call 4659:DWI court 4512:Beer mile 4483:Speakeasy 4453:Gin Craze 4385:Beer bong 4340:Dry drunk 4313:Pregaming 4161:Potomania 4143:Tolerance 4133:Pregnancy 4008:Chemistry 3930:Nip joint 3925:Moonshine 3788:Addiction 3334:: 24–36. 3199:261098937 3064:224966411 3020:218677989 2901:224966411 2714:: e5–e9. 2544:0379-0738 2295:"Ethanol" 2269:Netdoktor 2250:www.ch.ch 1986:Citations 1948:Nowa Dęba 1917:epidemic. 956:× 953:β 950:− 932:× 885:× 882:β 879:− 861:× 809:% 792:≈ 783:⋅ 774:− 765:⋅ 705:% 688:≈ 679:⋅ 670:− 661:⋅ 549:× 546:β 543:− 477:By intake 373:> 400 367:> 0.4 185:per mille 5241:Category 5142:Gin Lane 4899:Quit lit 4823:Spritzer 4753:Sobriety 4608:Alcohol 4589:Whiskey 4417:Sconcing 4367:Nightcap 4293:Blackout 4123:Cortisol 4020:Congener 3808:17298644 3738:8 August 3712:31 March 3688:15749375 3533:27551241 3414:32545471 3348:27041394 3278:20232748 3240:16782292 3191:37616096 3080:Archived 3056:33099270 3012:32421216 2977:37345356 2936:20304569 2893:33099270 2857:24644224 2808:17210238 2730:30342920 2689:33457048 2638:16978819 2560:58591654 2552:30611561 2466:24038409 2275:13 April 2131:26231237 1970:promille 1900:fructose 1892:dialysis 469:arterial 339:vomiting 275:BAC (%) 267:Effects 156:Used in 55:Synonyms 5176:Related 5130:History 4915:0-0-1-3 4610:control 4497:General 4473:Shebeen 4426:History 4096:Anxiety 4058:Effects 4032:Ethanol 3881:Alcohol 3707:Sowetan 3679:7131152 3609:6703836 3560:Bibcode 3525:6129476 3457:1507264 3437:Bibcode 3405:7355602 3309:8373563 2848:4361698 2680:7782040 2508:7446484 2457:4135023 2173:21 July 1907:Wrocław 1787:putrefy 1037:Drinks 1014:spirits 605:is the 567:where: 370:> 4 281:mg (%) 113:alcohol 82:56478-1 78:15120-9 47:Ethanol 4950:FRAMES 4159:Beer: 4152:Weight 4128:Memory 4111:Cancer 3894:crimes 3822:  3806:  3778:  3686:  3676:  3607:  3531:  3523:  3455:  3412:  3402:  3388:(12). 3346:  3307:  3276:  3245:20 May 3238:  3197:  3189:  3156:280356 3154:  3119:  3062:  3054:  3018:  3010:  2975:  2934:  2899:  2891:  2855:  2845:  2806:  2728:  2687:  2677:  2636:  2558:  2550:  2542:  2506:  2464:  2454:  2416:24 May 2407:  2368:24 May 2359:  2225:GOV.UK 2129:  1733:Female 1666:Female 1599:Female 1532:Female 1465:Female 1398:Female 1331:Female 1264:Female 1197:Female 1130:Female 1012:, and 806:0.0205 702:0.0197 74:5640-8 70:5639-0 5213:Spins 4868:(ACA) 4862:(AA): 4628:(ALS) 4508:Beer 4286:Zapoy 4138:Sleep 4106:Brain 4101:Aging 3995:(HFA) 3909:(DUI) 3529:S2CID 3482:(5). 3195:S2CID 3086:from 3060:S2CID 3016:S2CID 2897:S2CID 2556:S2CID 2169:. n.d 2072:(PDF) 1955:Notes 1898:with 1760:0.19 1728:0.16 1693:0.17 1661:0.14 1626:0.15 1594:0.13 1559:0.13 1527:0.11 1492:0.11 1460:0.09 1425:0.09 1393:0.08 1358:0.08 1326:0.06 1291:0.06 1259:0.05 1224:0.04 1192:0.03 1157:0.02 1125:0.02 936:fl oz 865:fl oz 795:0.205 780:0.156 691:0.197 676:0.148 395:NIAAA 241:moles 239:, in 153:Units 65:LOINC 5140:and 4308:list 3820:ISBN 3804:PMID 3776:ISBN 3740:2013 3714:2022 3684:PMID 3639:2017 3605:PMID 3521:PMID 3453:PMID 3410:PMID 3344:PMID 3305:PMID 3274:PMID 3247:2020 3236:PMID 3187:PMID 3152:PMID 3121:2811 3117:PMID 3052:PMID 3008:PMID 2973:PMID 2932:PMID 2889:PMID 2853:PMID 2804:PMID 2726:PMID 2685:PMID 2634:PMID 2548:PMID 2540:ISSN 2504:PMID 2462:PMID 2418:2023 2405:ISBN 2370:2023 2357:ISBN 2306:2023 2277:2024 2232:2023 2175:2022 2127:PMID 2079:2023 2037:2023 1915:SARS 1894:and 1862:ADME 1856:The 1757:0.21 1754:0.23 1751:0.25 1748:0.28 1745:0.32 1742:0.38 1739:0.45 1736:0.51 1725:0.17 1722:0.19 1719:0.21 1716:0.23 1713:0.27 1710:0.31 1707:0.38 1701:Male 1690:0.19 1687:0.20 1684:0.23 1681:0.26 1678:0.29 1675:0.34 1672:0.41 1669:0.45 1658:0.15 1655:0.17 1652:0.19 1649:0.21 1646:0.24 1643:0.28 1640:0.34 1634:Male 1623:0.17 1620:0.18 1617:0.20 1614:0.23 1611:0.26 1608:0.30 1605:0.36 1602:0.40 1591:0.14 1588:0.15 1585:0.17 1582:0.19 1579:0.21 1576:0.25 1573:0.30 1567:Male 1556:0.14 1553:0.16 1550:0.18 1547:0.20 1544:0.23 1541:0.27 1538:0.32 1535:0.35 1524:0.12 1521:0.13 1518:0.15 1515:0.16 1512:0.19 1509:0.22 1506:0.26 1500:Male 1489:0.12 1486:0.14 1483:0.15 1480:0.17 1477:0.19 1474:0.23 1471:0.27 1468:0.30 1457:0.10 1454:0.11 1451:0.13 1448:0.14 1445:0.16 1442:0.19 1439:0.23 1433:Male 1422:0.10 1419:0.11 1416:0.13 1413:0.14 1410:0.16 1407:0.19 1404:0.23 1401:0.25 1390:0.09 1387:0.09 1384:0.11 1381:0.12 1378:0.13 1375:0.16 1372:0.19 1366:Male 1355:0.08 1352:0.09 1349:0.10 1346:0.11 1343:0.13 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Index

Blood alcohol limit

Ethanol
Synonyms
LOINC
5639-0
5640-8
15120-9
56478-1
alcohol intoxication
alcohol
limit of detection
zero tolerance
SI coherent derived unit
kg/m
per mille
mg%
pharmacokinetics
amount of substance
moles
molar mass
Short-term effects of alcohol consumption
social inhibition
motor skills
Urinary incontinence
vomiting
alcohol intoxication
coma
respiratory failure
NIAAA

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