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984:, who resided in the old Government Palace on the Bouillonstraat. Commander-in-chief of the fortress was Guillaume Anne de Constant Rebecque de Villars. This started a difficult process of integration for the partly frenchized Maastricht, a process that could only be considered completed a century later.
948:
On August 1, 1814, Maastricht, together with several other places on the left bank of the Maas, was transferred to the sovereign prince of Orange. A few weeks later, on
September 24 and 25, the king visited Maastricht, where he attended, among other things, a ball in the Bonbonnière. A year after the
728:
brought an end to medieval estate society and the introduction of a new administrative organization and judiciary put an end to feudal society. Although a small group of
Maastricht residents welcomed the 'progress', most of them accepted the changes passively, fully expecting them to be temporary. As
964:
on June 18 1815. Napoleon's
Hundred Days also led to some panic in Maastricht. The garrison was put on high alert and work immediately began on the construction of the Fort Willem I on the Caberg, a plan that had already been discussed several times. milling had been postponed.
905:
Georg
Andreas von Rosen and the French general Pierre Hugues Victoire Merle. Within a few weeks the French troops left Maastricht. The first Dutch troops arrived on May 3 and on May 5, Lieutenant General Dupont took over military command of the fortified city. The official
949:
lifting of the blockade, on June 6 and 7, 1815, he was back in the city, this time to inspect the fortifications, including the Fort Sint Pieter and the under construction Fort Willem I. William I would maintain a special bond with the city. In 1841 he married the
708:. The blockade took place from late January to early May 1814 during the War of the Sixth Coalition between France and the other European powers, ending on May 5 of that year with the capitulation of Maastricht and the departure of the French.
740:. After 1800 the economy flourished somewhat. The abolition of the medieval system of crafts made free entrepreneurship possible and the many vacant monastery buildings provided cheap accommodation for new businesses.
886:, but rather a blockade. However, some skirmishes took place when the French tried to break out of the fortress. The blockade caused great hardship in the city during the cold winter months. An outbreak of
751:
religion, which gave
Napoleon a certain respect in largely Catholic Maastricht. In 1803 and 1811 Napoleon visited Maastricht, where he visited, among other things, the underground [imestone quarries of the
862:
At the end of
January 1814, army units of the Sixth Coalition Army completely enclosed the fortified city of Maastricht, occupied by the French. In the villages around Maastricht, troops from
1140:
236:
901:
subsequently became king of France. The French garrison in
Maastricht swore loyalty to the new king. On April 19, the armistice was signed between the German-Estonian-Russian
960:
was only short-lived. In
February 1815 he managed to escape his place of exile and raise a large army. The so-called Hundred Days only came to a definitive end with the
890:
broke out among the French garrison, which considerably weakened the strength of the garrison. The ex-soldier
Frederich Ludwig Behr did a very good job in the sick bay.
785:
913:
The commander of the Allied army that had surrounded
Maastricht for more than three months was an old acquaintance for the people of Maastricht: Charles the army of
940:
in 1810. He then turned against Napoleon and in 1814 he led the Allied troops that set up the blockade of Maastricht. In 1818 he would be crowned as Charles
882:
and also some army units of the Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands. There was hardly any shelling, so that in fact there was no question of a
977:
879:
142:
854:
was proclaimed in Maastricht by Commander General Louis Charbonnier, French fortress commander of Maastricht under General Pierre Hugues Victoire Merle.
229:
828:
917:, the general who succeeded in capturing the city of Maastricht for the French in the autumn of 1794. Kléber had appointed Bernadotte as military
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was formed, consisting of the current Belgian -Limburg and Dutch-Limburg, with Maastricht as its capital. The first governor was
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After Napoleon's catastrophic campaign to Russia in 1812, the tide turned for the French. From October 16 to 19, 1813, the
605:
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came to power in France. Due to the Concordat of 1801 with the Pope, there was more freedom for the practice of the
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took possession of the city on behalf of King Willem I, although this did not officially happen until August 1.
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since 1795, set foot again after 18 years. on Dutch soil (Landing of the Prince). On December 2, the
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827:. Initially, the Sovereign Principality consisted only of the Northern Netherlands, the former
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736:, Maastricht was a quiet provincial town that attracted little attention from
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1085:. Walburg Press, Zutphen / Regional Historical Center Limburg, Maastricht.
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On December 13, 1813, due to the impending threat from the Coalition Army,
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One month after the Battle of the Nations, the proclamation of the
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and on April 6, Napoleon Bonaparte forcibly abdicated the throne.
894:
883:
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737:
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953:, Maastricht-born countess Henriëtte d'Oultremont de Wégimont.
218:
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pursued the French and set their sights on the capture of
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of King William I as sovereign monarch took place in the
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Maastricht had become a French city since the successful
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The relief after Napoleon's abdication and his exile to
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fortified city Maastricht by the allied troops led by
1095:Ubachs, Pierre J.H., and Ingrid M.H. Evers (2006):
1081:Ubachs, Pierre J.H., and Ingrid M.H. Evers (2005):
1097:Two thousand years of Maastricht. An urban history
773:(Battle of the Nations). The united armies of the
1141:Battles of the Napoleonic Wars involving Prussia
786:Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands
893:On March 31, 1814, the allied armies conquered
18:
230:
8:
1027:Ubachs/Evers (2005), p. 80, 'Blockade 1814'.
781:and the return of all occupied territories.
700:of 1814 was a military blockade of the then
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223:
215:
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1036:Ubachs/Evers (2005), p. 67, 'Bernadotte'.
1005:
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1001:
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829:Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
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729:the capital of the sparsely populated
839:to the Sovereign Principality in the
807:, who has been living alternately in
7:
932:in Napoleon's army and 'adopted' as
769:, suffered a crushing defeat at the
724:. The abolition of monasteries and
1083:Historical Encyclopedia Maastricht
756:and inspected the fortifications.
14:
1054:Ubachs/Evers (2006), pp. 233-237.
970:United Kingdom of the Netherlands
845:United Kingdom of the Netherlands
944:Maastricht in the United Kingdom
835:1814 that France would cede the
805:Willem Frederik of Orange-Nassau
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535:Campaign in south-west France
397:Campaign in north-east France
19:Blockade of Maastricht (1814)
1018:Ubachs/Evers (2006), p. 171.
162:Pierre Hugues Victoire Merle
908:Christiaan Bangeman Huygens
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1099:. Walburg Press, Zutphen.
718:Siege of Maastricht (1794)
248:War of the Sixth Coalition
26:War of the Sixth Coalition
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1111:Kint geer eur eige stad?
1131:1814 in the Netherlands
1109:Jaspar, Edmond (1968):
1069:Bolwerk der Nederlanden
183:Carl Henrik Anckarsvärd
39:18 January – 5 May 1814
1067:Morreau, L.J. (1979):
919:governor of Maastricht
799:. On November 30, the
797:Provisional Government
698:Blockade of Maastricht
634:Low Countries campaign
150:Commanders and leaders
1071:. Van Gorcum, Assen.
201:Casualties and losses
982:Charles de Brouckère
843:, from 1815 onwards
837:Southern Netherlands
978:province of Limburg
972:was founded by the
831:. It was not until
767:First French Empire
974:Congress of Vienna
962:Battle of Waterloo
765:, the army of the
745:Napoleon Bonaparte
743:In November 1799,
706:General Bernadotte
430:Six Days' Campaign
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930:Marshal of France
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903:major general
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473:Gué-à -Tresmes
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82:French Empire
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1115:online tekst
1113:Maastricht (
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1032:
1023:
1014:
967:
955:
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934:Crown Prince
912:
892:
874:(Cossacks),
861:
858:The blockade
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817:inauguration
783:
762:Grande Armée
760:
758:
742:
715:
697:
695:
674:
523:Saint-Dizier
478:Saint-Julien
428:
357:
68:Belligerents
24:Part of the
922: [
899:Louis XVIII
852:martial law
821:Nieuwe Kerk
790:November 20
665:Hoogstraten
436:Champaubert
419:La Rothière
353:2nd Dresden
308:1st Dresden
1125:Categories
988:References
731:department
712:Wallpapers
675:Maastricht
483:Laubressel
441:Montmirail
348:Wartenburg
298:GroĂźbeeren
49:Maastricht
968:When the
825:Amsterdam
734:Nedermaas
726:chapterss
613:Feistritz
463:Montereau
451:Vauchamps
380:Bornhöved
338:Altenburg
323:Dennewitz
313:Hagelberg
951:Catholic
847:called.
685:Courtrai
640:Delfzijl
618:Caldiero
567:Toulouse
542:Bidassoa
508:Limonest
385:Sehested
333:2nd Kulm
303:Katzbach
188:Strength
44:Location
1062:Sources
888:typhoid
868:Prussia
864:Austria
795:by the
670:Antwerp
650:Woerden
645:Naarden
594:Cattaro
572:Bayonne
547:Nivelle
488:Craonne
458:Mormant
424:Lesmont
414:Brienne
390:Hamburg
359:Leipzig
343:Rosslau
283:Bautzen
273:Möckern
209:Unknown
206:Unknown
196:Unknown
193:Unknown
107:Prussia
1103:
1089:
1075:
938:Sweden
878:, the
876:Sweden
872:Russia
833:30 May
813:Berlin
809:London
702:French
655:Arnhem
623:Mincio
599:Ragusa
562:Orthez
557:Garris
365:Torgau
328:Göhrde
293:Luckau
288:Haynau
278:LĂĽtzen
268:Danzig
140:
130:Sweden
119:Russia
104:
79:
56:Result
926:]
895:Paris
884:siege
779:Paris
738:Paris
660:Breda
628:Genoa
584:Lippa
528:Paris
503:Reims
498:Mâcon
375:Mainz
370:Hanau
1101:ISBN
1087:ISBN
1073:ISBN
958:Elba
811:and
793:1813
696:The
589:Zara
552:Nive
493:Laon
404:Metz
318:Kulm
36:Date
936:of
823:in
720:by
1127::
996:^
924:nl
870:,
866:,
803:,
1117:)
238:e
231:t
224:v
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