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The blue-capped ifrit is 16–17 cm (6.3–6.7 in) long and weighs 34-36 g (1.2–1.3 oz). Species plumage is yellowish brown with a blue-black crown atop their broad head. It is a sexually dimorphic species, with ear streak coloration being white in males and more tawny yellow in females. Ifrits tend
307:
As birds with weak flight abilities, blue-capped ifrits build nests about 1–3 meters (3–10 feet) above the ground in the branches of denser rainforest vegetation. These nests are made of plant fibers with some feathers. The parents tend to camouflage the outside of the nest with moss and liverworts.
298:
Blue-capped ifrits are endemic to New Guinea and Papua New Guinea, being found nowhere else on earth and having a distribution of 388,000 km. Ifrits inhabit montane rainforest of New Guinea, living in altitude ranges of 1,000–4,000 meters (3,280–13,123 feet) above sea level. Typically, they are
333:
also from New Guinea. Ifrits excrete batrachotoxin into their feathers and skin in order to defend themselves against predators. Generally, batrachotoxin binds and permanently opens the sodium channels in nerve cells and can cause paralysis. The accumulation of toxins varies in individuals based on
308:
Ifrits lay small clutches with a typical nest containing only a single offspring. The nest camouflage, toxin excretion, and small clutch sizes may have derived from historically high rates of depredation and nest parasitism.
286:
to have more stout body shapes with broad sternums and shallow keels. Their wings are short and rounded while their legs are booted, having feathers down to their stout and clawed feet. Additionally, blue-capped ifrits have
346:
Ifrits are of least concern because they have a large range. Ifrits seem to have a stable population and are thought to have quite a large population size. Part of their range lies within conservation sites.
517:
Jønsson, Knud
Andreas; Borregaard, Michael Krabbe; Carstensen, Daniel Wisbech; Hansen, Louis A.; Kennedy, Jonathan D.; Machac, Antonin; Marki, Petter Zahl; Fjeldså, Jon; Rahbek, Carsten (2017-11-02).
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745:"Melyrid beetles (Choresine): A putative source for the batrachotoxin alkaloids found in poison-dart frogs and toxic passerine birds"
652:
442:"Relicts from Tertiary Australasia: undescribed families and subfamilies of songbirds (Passeriformes) and their zoogeographic signal"
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2702:
606:
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743:
Dumbacher, John P.; Wako, Avit; Derrickson, Scott R.; Samuelson, Allan; Spande, Thomas F.; Daly, John W. (2004-11-09).
496:"Nest and egg of the Dimorphic Fantail Rhipidura brachyrhyncha and a review of clutch-sizes in New Guinean passerines"
1405:
2918:
676:
Freeman, Benjamin G.; Mason, Nicholas A. (2014-01-08). "New
Guinean passerines have globally small clutch-sizes".
74:
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Blue-capped ifrits are among a small group of avian species that are poisonous, the others being the
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epoch, on a series of proto-Papuan islands, with minimal known evolutionary divergences.
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Bartram, Stefan; Boland, Wilhelm (2001-11-05). "Chemistry and
Ecology of Toxic Birds".
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beetles, which are speculated to be the dietary source of the toxin itself.
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242:
136:
126:
86:
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519:"Biogeography and Biotic Assembly of Indo-Pacific Corvoid Passerine Birds"
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the region they are found in and this could be due to the availability of
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265:. Blue-capped ifrits are considered an ancient relict species endemic to
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10.1002/1439-7633(20011105)2:11<809::aid-cbic809>3.0.co;2-c
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1978:
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843:. Volume 12: Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions.
116:
2737:
1907:
1421:
955:
877:
837:
del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Christie D. (editors). (2007).
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found at altitudes of 1,500 meters (4,921 feet) or above.
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2115:
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1239:
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Annual Review of
Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
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has been placed in a plethora of families including
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406:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22705379A94015555.en
440:Schodde, Richard; Christidis, Les (2014-04-14).
749:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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8:
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29:
20:
811:"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species"
786:
768:
534:
457:
404:
645:"LC Blue-capped Ifrit (Ifrita kowaldi)"
373:
671:
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536:10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110316-022813
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273:species originally dates back to the
7:
867:The Intoxicating Birds of New Guinea
570:"Blue-capped Ifrit (Ifrita kowaldi)"
564:
562:
3001:Taxa named by Charles Walter De Vis
2981:IUCN Red List least concern species
815:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
494:Donaghey, Richard H. (2015-09-07).
392:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
840:Handbook of the Birds of the World
14:
2991:Birds of the New Guinea Highlands
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2712:
2707:
2701:
1890:
1885:
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1399:
290:within their feathers and skin.
245:species currently placed in the
73:
655:from the original on 2017-08-04
381:BirdLife International (2016).
326:), and several members of the
1:
500:Australian Field Ornithology
3006:Endemic fauna of New Guinea
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861:BirdLife Species Factsheet
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1916:
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678:Emu - Austral Ornithology
459:10.11646/zootaxa.3786.5.1
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70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
908:and their extinct allies
399:: e.T22705379A94015555.
294:Distribution and habitat
2996:Birds described in 1890
770:10.1073/pnas.0407197101
649:Bird Life International
303:Behaviour and ecology
234:), also known as the
761:2004PNAS..10115857D
755:(45): 15857–15860.
342:Conservation status
318:little shrikethrush
40:Conservation status
1560:Machaerirhynchidae
253:. Previously, the
236:blue-capped ifrita
24:Blue-capped ifrit
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2940:Open Tree of Life
2740:Taxon identifiers
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2730:
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1413:
1412:
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1394:
849:978-84-96553-42-2
238:, is a small and
226:blue-capped ifrit
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2568:
2272:
2117:
2072:
2062:
2052:
2042:
1918:
1905:
1894:
1889:
1569:Machaerirhynchus
1508:
1461:
1432:
1419:
1408:
1403:
1241:
1210:
1087:Eulacestomatidae
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953:
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2927:Observation.org
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1409:
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1324:
1297:
1255:Pachycephalidae
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1195:
1161:
1141:
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1101:
1081:
1060:Cinclosomatidae
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869:by John Tidwell
857:
834:
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819:
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729:
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724:Knowledge (XXG)
720:"Batrachotoxin"
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690:10.1071/MU14023
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259:Cinclosomatidae
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189:I. kowaldi
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16:Species of bird
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2958:Ifrita-kowaldi
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2822:
2809:
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2792:Ifrita_kowaldi
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2778:Ifrita kowaldi
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2748:Ifrita kowaldi
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2584:
2581:Chaetorhynchus
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2373:Terpsiphoninae
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1014:Cyanograucalus
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855:External links
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6:
4:
3:
2:
3023:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2959:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2710:
2704:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2588:Eutrichomyias
2585:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2543:Platylophidae
2540:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2411:Paradisaeidae
2408:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2362:Symposiachrus
2359:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2306:Clytorhynchus
2303:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2240:Melampittidae
2237:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1902:
1893:
1888:
1874:
1873:
1872:Xenopirostris
1869:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1589:Chlorophoneus
1586:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1580:Malaconotidae
1577:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1407:
1402:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1303:Paramythiidae
1300:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1264:Colluricincla
1261:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1156:Daphoenositta
1153:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1107:Falcunculidae
1104:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1002:
1001:
997:
995:
994:
990:
988:
987:
983:
981:
980:
976:
975:
973:
971:
970:Campephagidae
967:
963:
959:
954:
950:
944:
940:
938:
934:
932:
931:Passeriformes
928:
926:
922:
920:
916:
915:
912:
907:
899:
894:
892:
887:
885:
880:
879:
876:
870:
868:
864:
862:
859:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
841:
836:
835:
831:
816:
812:
806:
803:
798:
794:
789:
784:
780:
776:
771:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
739:
736:
725:
721:
715:
712:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
672:
670:
666:
654:
650:
646:
640:
637:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
589:
586:
575:
571:
565:
563:
559:
554:
550:
546:
542:
537:
532:
528:
524:
520:
513:
510:
505:
501:
497:
490:
488:
486:
482:
477:
473:
469:
465:
460:
455:
452:(5): 501–22.
451:
447:
443:
436:
434:
432:
430:
428:
426:
424:
420:
407:
402:
398:
394:
393:
388:
386:
377:
374:
367:
363:
360:
358:
357:Batrachotoxin
355:
354:
350:
348:
341:
339:
337:
332:
330:
325:
324:
323:Colluricincla
319:
311:
309:
302:
300:
293:
291:
289:
288:batrachotoxin
280:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
241:
240:insectivorous
237:
233:
232:
227:
216:
210:
208:
202:
199:
198:Binomial name
195:
191:
190:
185:
182:
181:
176:
171:
170:
166:
163:
162:
157:
153:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
133:Superfamily:
132:
131:
128:
127:Passeriformes
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
55:Least Concern
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2747:
2706:
2686:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2613:
2606:Rhipidurinae
2593:
2586:
2579:
2572:Lamproliinae
2563:Rhipiduridae
2550:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2511:Pteridophora
2509:
2502:
2495:
2490:Paradisornis
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2432:
2425:
2418:
2396:Trochocercus
2394:
2387:
2380:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2254:
2249:Megalampitta
2247:
2227:
2222:Eurocephalus
2220:
2200:
2180:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2063:
2053:
2043:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1963:
1956:
1936:
1929:
1922:Corcoracidae
1870:
1863:
1856:
1851:Tephrodornis
1849:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1730:
1710:
1703:Rhagologidae
1690:
1683:
1676:
1656:
1649:Pityriasidae
1636:
1629:
1624:Rhodophoneus
1622:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1587:
1567:
1543:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1499:
1492:
1472:
1443:
1436:Aegithinidae
1344:
1337:
1317:
1310:
1292:Pseudorectes
1290:
1285:Pachycephala
1283:
1278:Melanorectes
1276:
1269:
1262:
1242:
1234:Sphecotheres
1232:
1225:
1218:
1211:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1154:
1134:
1114:
1094:
1074:
1067:
1049:Pericrocotus
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
998:
991:
984:
977:
941:Infraorder:
866:
838:
832:Bibliography
818:. Retrieved
814:
805:
752:
748:
738:
728:, retrieved
726:, 2019-10-26
723:
714:
681:
677:
657:. Retrieved
648:
639:
598:
594:
588:
577:. Retrieved
573:
526:
522:
512:
503:
499:
449:
445:
410:. Retrieved
396:
390:
384:
376:
345:
327:
321:
315:
306:
297:
284:
254:
250:
235:
230:
229:
225:
223:
206:
204:
188:
187:
168:
167:
146:
18:
3011:Toxic birds
2862:iNaturalist
2772:Wikispecies
2688:Vireolanius
2674:Tunchiornis
2660:Pachysylvia
2552:Platylophus
2504:Phonygammus
2476:Paradigalla
2441:Drepanornis
2434:Diphyllodes
2389:Terpsiphone
2292:Carterornis
2276:Monarchinae
2267:Monarchidae
2141:Pyrrhocorax
2134:Ptilostomus
2127:Psilorhinus
2103:Platysmurus
2035:Gymnorhinus
2021:Dendrocitta
1802:Mystacornis
1788:Leptopterus
1753:Cyanolanius
1746:Calicalicus
1692:Platysteira
1685:Lanioturdus
1610:Malaconotus
1536:Peltopsinae
1386:See below ↓
1366:See below ↓
1339:Androphobus
1330:Psophodidae
1147:Neosittidae
1116:Falcunculus
1096:Eulacestoma
1042:Malindangia
986:Campochaera
595:ChemBioChem
574:www.hbw.com
412:11 November
281:Description
263:Monarchidae
2975:Categories
2953:Xeno-canto
2667:Pteruthius
2653:Hylophilus
2630:Vireonidae
2532:Semioptera
2525:Seleucidis
2483:Paradisaea
2427:Cicinnurus
2382:Hypothymis
2299:Chasiempis
2256:Melampitta
2173:Dicruridae
2120:Protocitta
2089:Perisoreus
2000:Cyanocorax
1993:Cyanocitta
1986:Crypsirina
1958:Aphelocoma
1938:Struthidea
1837:Pseudobias
1823:Philentoma
1712:Rhagologus
1658:Pityriasis
1638:Telophorus
1596:Dryoscopus
1511:Kurrartapu
1501:Gymnorhina
1485:Craticinae
1319:Paramythia
1312:Oreocharis
1271:Coracornis
1213:Longmornis
1190:Ornorectes
1167:Oreoicidae
1076:Ptilorrhoa
1069:Cinclosoma
1000:Celebesica
993:Ceblepyris
979:Campephaga
935:Suborder:
904:Genera of
820:2019-10-18
730:2019-11-19
659:2019-01-27
579:2019-10-18
368:References
362:Toxic bird
267:New Guinea
175:Rothschild
156:Christidis
2639:Cyclarhis
2615:Rhipidura
2595:Lamprolia
2469:Manucodia
2462:Lycocorax
2455:Lophorina
2448:Epimachus
2348:Neolalage
2327:Metabolus
2320:Mayrornis
2193:Ifritidae
2082:Nucifraga
2065:Miocorvus
2045:Henocitta
2014:Cyanopica
2007:Cyanolyca
1965:Calocitta
1910:Corvoidea
1781:Hypositta
1760:Euryceros
1732:Artamella
1603:Laniarius
1494:Cracticus
1465:Artaminae
1456:Artamidae
1445:Aegithina
1377:Corvoidea
1346:Psophodes
1201:Oriolidae
1176:Aleadryas
1127:Mohouidae
1021:Edolisoma
917:Kingdom:
779:0027-8424
698:0158-4197
615:1439-4227
545:1543-592X
468:1175-5334
336:Choresine
275:Oligocene
251:Ifritidae
247:monotypic
243:passerine
183:Species:
147:Ifritidae
137:Corvoidea
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
2906:22705379
2880:10213053
2818:22705379
2813:BirdLife
2757:Wikidata
2646:Erpornis
2518:Ptiloris
2420:Astrapia
2334:Monarcha
2313:Grallina
2213:Laniidae
2182:Dicrurus
2155:Urocissa
2148:Temnurus
2055:Miocitta
2028:Garrulus
1949:Corvidae
1931:Corcorax
1830:Prionops
1809:Newtonia
1795:Megabyas
1767:Falculea
1723:Vangidae
1525:Strepera
1518:Melloria
1244:Turnagra
1007:Coracina
958:Corvides
943:Corvides
925:Chordata
923:Phylum:
919:Animalia
906:corvides
797:15520388
706:83542583
653:Archived
623:11948866
553:43763778
476:24869551
351:See also
249:family,
143:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
2986:Passeri
2854:2495069
2841:bucifr1
2828:bucifr1
2800:Avibase
2763:Q197959
2497:Parotia
2355:Pomarea
2341:Myiagra
2110:Podoces
2075:Miopica
1844:Schetba
1816:Oriolia
1774:Hemipus
1631:Tchagra
1545:Peltops
1474:Artamus
1227:Pitohui
1220:Oriolus
1183:Oreoica
1035:Lobotos
937:Passeri
929:Order:
757:Bibcode
631:6259254
446:Zootaxa
329:Pitohui
271:corvoid
269:. This
217:, 1890)
164:Genus:
152:Schodde
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
2945:242575
2919:461245
2893:560581
2229:Lanius
2202:Ifrita
1979:Corvus
1617:Nilaus
1136:Mohoua
1028:Lalage
847:
795:
788:528779
785:
777:
704:
696:
629:
621:
613:
551:
543:
474:
466:
215:De Vis
177:, 1898
169:Ifrita
158:, 2014
154:&
2932:75290
2875:IRMNG
2836:eBird
2825:BOW:
2681:Vireo
2285:Arses
1972:Cissa
1865:Vanga
1858:Tylas
1678:Batis
702:S2CID
627:S2CID
549:S2CID
312:Toxin
255:ifrit
2914:NCBI
2901:IUCN
2888:ITIS
2867:8535
2849:GBIF
2096:Pica
1739:Bias
845:ISBN
793:PMID
775:ISSN
694:ISSN
619:PMID
611:ISSN
541:ISSN
506:(2).
472:PMID
464:ISSN
450:3786
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