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facies assemblages in metamorphosed basalt (garnet + omphacitic clinopyroxene). Rocks which have been subjected to blueschist conditions during a prograde trajectory will gain heat by conduction with hotter lower crustal rocks if they remain at the 15–18 km depth. Blueschist which heats up to
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233:
Grain size is rarely coarse, as mineral growth is retarded by the swiftness of the rock's metamorphic trajectory and perhaps more importantly, the low temperatures of metamorphism and in many cases the anhydrous state of the basalts. However,
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or the upper parts of subducted crust, or may return to the Earth's surface in part owing to buoyancy if the metabasaltic rocks are associated with low-density continental crust (marble, metapelite, and other rocks of continental margins).
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Thus in order for blueschist facies assemblages to be seen at the Earth's surface, the rock must be exhumed swiftly enough to prevent total thermal equilibration of the rocks which are under blueschist facies conditions with the typical
376:, equivalent to depth of burial in excess of 15–18 km, and at temperatures of between 200 and 500 °C. This is a 'low temperature, high pressure' prograde metamorphic path and is also known as the
123:(200–500 °C (392–932 °F)), approximately corresponding to a depth of 15–30 km (9.3–18.6 mi). The blue color of the rock comes from the presence of the predominant minerals
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sediments which are subjected to blueschist facies conditions will form different mineral assemblages than metamorphosed basalt. Thereby, these rocks do not appear blue overall in color.
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Blueschist facies is determined by the particular temperature and pressure conditions required to metamorphose basalt to form blueschist.
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522:. His carefully constructed definition established the pressure and temperature conditions which produce this type of metamorphism.
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facies temperature-pressure conditions, and the mineral assemblages will metamorphose to reflect the new facies conditions.
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Blueschists and other high-pressure subduction zone rocks are thought to be exhumed rapidly by flow and/or faulting in
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Blueschist mineralogy varies by rock composition, but the classic equilibrium assemblages of blueschist facies are:
380:, after the west coast of the United States where these rocks are exposed. Well-exposed blueschists also occur in
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250:
Photomicrograph of garnet-lawsonite-glaucophane blueschist from
Sivrihisar, Turkey (Field of view is 3 mm)
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than today's crust and, therefore, would have formed greenschist-like rocks at blueschist facies.
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zones before 1,000 million years ago. This assertion is arguably wrong because the earliest
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592:"Emergence of blueschists on Earth linked to secular changes in oceanic crust composition"
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varieties do occur. Blueschists may appear blue, black, gray, or blue-green in outcrop.
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Blueschist facies generally is considered to form under pressures of >0.6
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518:, introduced the concept of "blueschist" into the subject of metamorphic
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Photomicrograph of blueschist facies quartz sediment, Sivrihisar, Turkey
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Blueschist, as a rock type, is defined by the presence of the minerals
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It has been held that the absence of blueschist dating to before the
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Blueschist facies - Rock
Library Glossary, Imperial College London
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at high pressure, but typically reverts to calcite when exhumed
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between 1650 and 1600 BC. These rocks were likely quarried in
79:
343:+/- chlorite +/- albite +/- quartz +/- pargasite or phengite
82:
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Garnetiferous blueschist, an uncommon rock (Ward Creek,
88:
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1603:
1441:
1228:
818:
639:"Types of schist used in buildings of Minoan Crete"
70:
271:glaucophane + lawsonite and/or epidote + albite +
424:greater than 500 °C via this fashion will enter
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590:Palin, Richard M.; White, Richard W. (2016).
8:
115:and rocks with similar composition at high
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205:in a rock of roughly basaltic composition.
459:rocks never reached blueschist facies at
327:+/- albite +/- quartz +/- talc +/- garnet
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280:- diagnostic of pressures ~> 10 kbar
507:on the north coast of central Crete.
7:
53:of blueschist facies metamorphosed
25:
766:
66:
647:Hellenic Journal of Geosciences
499:were used to pave streets and
1:
637:Tziligkaki, Eleni K. (2010).
1828:
467:would have contained more
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719:
568:Education. Archived from
485:Sonoma County, California
455:indicates that currently
57:, from Sivrihisar, Turkey
27:Type of metavolcanic rock
378:Franciscan facies series
858:Basaltic trachyandesite
838:Alkali feldspar granite
207:Blueschist often has a
138:typically found within
516:U.S. Geological Survey
488:
408:
251:
58:
39:
1807:Metamorphic petrology
1248:Banded iron formation
482:
475:History and etymology
415:of blueschist facies
406:
311:Fe-Mg-carpholite +/-
275:+/- garnet +/- quartz
249:
222:defined primarily by
45:
33:
729:Prehnite-pumpellyite
773:Minerals portal
608:2016NatGe...9...60P
445:accretionary wedges
438:geothermal gradient
220:rock microstructure
1604:Specific varieties
713:Metamorphic facies
537:List of rock types
489:
453:Neoproterozoic Era
409:
252:
226:, phengitic white
107:that forms by the
101:glaucophane schist
59:
40:
1789:
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1034:Nepheline syenite
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779:
596:Nature Geoscience
242:Blueschist facies
105:metavolcanic rock
18:Blueschist facies
16:(Redirected from
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1731:Rapakivi granite
1443:Metamorphic rock
1230:Sedimentary rock
1099:Quartz monzonite
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616:10.1038/ngeo2605
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532:List of minerals
278:jadeite + quartz
134:Blueschists are
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1156:Tephriphonolite
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495:blueschist and
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99:), also called
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47:Photomicrograph
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23:
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1736:Rhomb porphyry
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1578:Talc carbonate
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1171:Trachyandesite
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1094:Quartz diorite
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813:Types of rocks
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671:External links
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348:Calc-silicates
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319:+ zoisite +/-
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140:orogenic belts
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1661:Hyaloclastite
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572:on 2016-10-08
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465:oceanic crust
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419:will produce
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417:oceanic crust
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398:New Caledonia
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1706:Luxullianite
1686:Lapis lazuli
1631:Blue Granite
1558:Serpentinite
1533:Metapsammite
1460:
1283:Conglomerate
1205:Trondhjemite
1183:Trachybasalt
1124:Pantellerite
1024:Monzogranite
969:Hornblendite
954:Granodiorite
820:Igneous rock
764:
738:
656:. Retrieved
651:
645:
632:
602:(1): 60–64.
599:
595:
585:
574:. Retrieved
570:the original
562:"Blueschist"
556:
542:Metamorphism
512:Edgar Bailey
509:
505:Agia Pelagia
493:Minoan Crete
490:
450:
442:
434:
410:
377:
371:
335:
310:
289:serpentinite
287:
277:
270:
264:
253:
232:
172:
133:
121:temperatures
109:metamorphism
100:
61:
60:
51:thin section
36:Île de Groix
1595:Whiteschist
1486:Greenschist
1466:Cataclasite
1456:Amphibolite
1383:Phosphorite
1333:Itacolumite
1258:Calcarenite
1104:Quartzolite
1039:Nephelinite
1009:Lamprophyre
964:Harzburgite
922:Napoleonite
895:Charnockite
890:Carbonatite
880:Blairmorite
843:Anorthosite
749:Amphibolite
734:Greenschist
658:December 1,
497:greenschist
426:greenschist
394:New Zealand
236:porphyritic
175:glaucophane
156:greenschist
125:glaucophane
1796:Categories
1761:Teschenite
1746:Shonkinite
1721:Pietersite
1716:Novaculite
1626:Borolanite
1611:Adamellite
1528:Metapelite
1496:Calcflinta
1461:Blueschist
1451:Anthracite
1433:Wackestone
1413:Travertine
1358:Lumachelle
1338:Jaspillite
1293:Diamictite
1215:Websterite
1200:Troctolite
1176:Benmoreite
1136:Shonkinite
1109:Rhyodacite
1089:Pyroxenite
1059:Peridotite
1019:Lherzolite
994:Kimberlite
984:Ignimbrite
979:Icelandite
959:Granophyre
868:Shoshonite
739:Blueschist
576:2015-12-12
548:References
501:courtyards
461:subduction
413:subduction
411:Continued
354:Limestones
341:paragonite
313:chloritoid
284:Ultramafic
258:rocks and
158:or rarely
62:Blueschist
1776:Variolite
1766:Theralite
1756:Tachylite
1741:Rodingite
1711:Mangerite
1691:Larvikite
1676:Jasperoid
1671:Jadeitite
1636:Epidosite
1590:Tectonite
1583:Soapstone
1548:Quartzite
1518:Migmatite
1503:Itabirite
1481:Granulite
1423:Turbidite
1403:Sylvinite
1398:Siltstone
1388:Sandstone
1373:Oil shale
1353:Limestone
1328:Gritstone
1323:Greywacke
1318:Geyserite
1308:Evaporite
1298:Diatomite
1273:Claystone
1238:Argillite
1151:Tachylyte
1119:Comendite
1064:Phonolite
1054:Pegmatite
1029:Monzonite
1004:Lamproite
999:Komatiite
939:Foidolite
900:Enderbite
863:Mugearite
754:Granulite
654:: 317–322
624:130847333
566:About.com
510:In 1962,
469:magnesium
366:aragonite
350:: Various
321:pargasite
293:lizardite
269:Basalts:
217:schistose
203:muscovite
179:lawsonite
169:Petrology
148:lithology
129:lawsonite
117:pressures
1751:Taconite
1726:Pyrolite
1651:Ganister
1621:Aphanite
1616:Appinite
1538:Phyllite
1523:Mylonite
1491:Hornfels
1471:Eclogite
1368:Mudstone
1343:Laterite
1303:Dolomite
1220:Wehrlite
1195:Trachyte
1188:Hawaiite
1166:Tonalite
1161:Tephrite
1114:Rhyolite
1079:Porphyry
1049:Obsidian
934:Essexite
885:Boninite
875:Basanite
833:Andesite
744:Eclogite
526:See also
430:eclogite
421:eclogite
332:Granites
325:phengite
273:titanite
224:chlorite
195:chlorite
160:eclogite
144:terranes
119:and low
38:, France
1771:Unakite
1701:Llanite
1666:Ijolite
1641:Felsite
1573:Suevite
1408:Tillite
1348:Lignite
1288:Coquina
1253:Breccia
1146:Syenite
1074:Picrite
989:Ijolite
949:Granite
917:Diorite
912:Diabase
828:Adakite
724:Zeolite
604:Bibcode
520:geology
514:of the
457:exhumed
362:calcite
337:kyanite
317:kyanite
307:Pelites
301:zoisite
286:rocks:
260:pelitic
187:jadeite
183:epidote
165:rocks.
152:faulted
136:schists
103:, is a
1802:Schist
1681:Kenyte
1656:Gossan
1553:Schist
1513:Marble
1476:Gneiss
1378:Oolite
1243:Arkose
1141:Sovite
1131:Scoria
1084:Pumice
1044:Norite
1014:Latite
944:Gabbro
929:Dunite
907:Dacite
853:Basalt
848:Aplite
622:
386:Turkey
382:Greece
358:marble
256:Felsic
199:garnet
191:albite
185:) +/-
163:facies
113:basalt
55:basalt
1646:Flint
1568:Slate
1563:Skarn
1428:Varve
1393:Shale
1313:Flint
1268:Chert
1263:Chalk
642:(PDF)
620:S2CID
390:Japan
49:of a
1418:Tufa
1363:Marl
1278:Coal
1210:Tuff
660:2018
396:and
356:and
339:+/-
315:+/-
299:+/-
297:talc
295:+/-
228:mica
201:+/-
197:+/-
189:+/-
177:+ (
127:and
1781:Wad
612:doi
491:In
440:.
428:or
374:GPa
323:or
309::
215:or
193:or
181:or
150:in
146:of
142:as
111:of
1798::
652:45
650:.
644:.
618:.
610:.
598:.
594:.
564:.
400:.
392:,
388:,
384:,
360::
334::
211:,
131:.
80:uː
806:e
799:t
792:v
705:e
698:t
691:v
662:.
626:.
614::
606::
600:9
579:.
487:)
291:/
95:/
92:t
89:s
86:ɪ
83:ʃ
77:l
74:b
71:ˈ
68:/
64:(
20:)
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