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1073:"Доклад Комиссии ЦК КПСС Президиуму ЦК КПСС по установлению причин массовых репрессий против членов и кандидатов в члены ЦК ВКП(б), избранных на ХVII съезде партии. 9 февраля 1956 г. (Report of the Commission of the Central Committee of the CPSU to the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU on establishing the causes of mass repressions against members and candidate members of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks elected at the 17th Party Congress. February 9, 1956)"
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As early as
February 1956, it was secretly reported to the party leadership, by a commission appointed to investigate the purges, that a former officer had seen Blyukher while he was under interrogation, and that "his whole face was swollen and covered in bruises." Unlike most prisoners subjected to
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It was long believed that
Blyukher was secretly tried, convicted of spying for Japan, and executed. In 1939 Chiang Kai-shek inquired about Blyukher's whereabouts in a meeting with Stalin, and asked if he could return to help the Nationalists. Stalin replied that the general had been executed for
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this kind of torture, he did not sign a false confession, but after 18 days of torture, he died from his injuries, on 9 November 1938. His body was cremated the same day. The cause of his death was first reported in 1989, in
422:(1742–1819). As a teenager, he was employed at a machine works, but was arrested in 1910 for leading a strike, and sentenced to two years, eight months in prison. In 1914, Vasily Gurov — who later formally assumed
728:
Resolution of the
Central Executive Committee on 30 September 1918, presented 11 May 1919 by the Special Representative at the headquarters of the Central Executive Committee of the 3rd Army on the Eastern
674:, were dispatched to the Far East to conduct mass arrests, and to spy on Blyukher. He was arrested on 22 October, by which time Frinovsky had been dismissed and the NKVD was effectively controlled by
670:, who appears to have reassured him that he would not be held responsible for letting Lyushkov cross the Manchurian border. On 17 June, Frinovsky and the head of the Red Army political directorate,
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defected to Japan, Blyukher visited NKVD headquarters in Moscow, seeking information about the defector and about potential consequences of his disappearance. He met the deputy head of the NKVD,
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509:(later he was awarded it four more times: twice in 1921 and twice in 1928), the citation read: "The raid made by Comrade Blyukher's forces under impossible conditions can only be equated with
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The importance of the Far East Front gave
Blyukher a certain degree of immunity from Stalin's purge of Red Army command, which had begun in 1937 with execution of
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Marshal Vasily
Konstantinovich Blyukher, Commander in Chief of the Far Eastern Red Army, missing since the end of September 1938, presumed purged and executed.
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He continues to be a popular figure in Russia, and a documentary film on his life and several publications by family members have appeared.
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from 1921 to 1922. From
December 1921, he took personal command of the campaign to remove the remnants of anti-Bolshevik forces east of the
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forces from the rear, then joined with regular Red Army units. For this achievement in
September 1918, he became the first recipient of the
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he defeated
Chinese warlord forces in a quick campaign. For this outstanding achievement he became the first recipient of the
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under
Blyukher's command marched 1,500 km in 40 days (August–September 1918) of continuous fighting to attack
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Candidates of the
Central Committee of the 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
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and his men before succumbing to his injuries. His body was then incinerated on the orders of Stalin.
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Blyukher was born into a Russian peasant family named Gurov, in the village of Barschinka in
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Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, 1938–1947
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Order 197 of 14 June 1921—for the battles on the Eastern Front, the 30th Infantry Division;
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and hostile to the Soviet Union, the Far East was an active military command. In the
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of 1917–1923, he was one of the outstanding figures on the Bolshevik side. After the
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river. In 1922−1924, he served as the commander of the Petrograd military district.
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1042:. Washington, D. C.: UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1951. p. 604.
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Order RVS USSR 101 1928—in commemoration of the 10th anniversary of the Red Army;
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Order RVS USSR 664 of 25 October 1928—for the defence of the Kakhovka bridgehead;
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forces of Commander V. K. Sadlutskii and Commissar Blyukher moved from Samara to
1099:
The Road to Terror: Stalin and the Self-Destruction of the Bolsheviks, 1932–1939
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Members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union executed by the Soviet Union
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572:'s military headquarters. He was responsible for the military planning of the
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in November 1920. After the Civil War he served as military commander of the
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In 1938, Blyukher was arrested during the period of military purges under
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DOCUMENTS ON GERMAN FOREIGN POLICY, Department of State Publication 3883
17:
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Stalin's Loyal Executioner: People's Commissar Nikolai Ezhov, 1895–1940
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map from 1930 depicts a portrait of Blyukher on the lower left corner.
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unification of China. Among those he instructed in this period was
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904:(Da Capo: 1999, repr. of Simon & Schuster, 1989), p. 443.
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Jubilee Medal XX Years of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army
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From 1924 to 1927 Blyukher was a Soviet military adviser in
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After Blyukher's troops rejoined the Red Army lines in the
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in September 1930, and became popularly known as the "Red
692:
The officer who beat Blyukher to death has been named as
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O.Yu. Shmidt; Bukharin N.I.; et al., eds. (1927).
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in a less decisive action against the Japanese at the
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Russo-Chinese Chinese Eastern Railroad War of 1929–30
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First convocation members of the Soviet of the Union
735:Order 221 of RVSR, 20 June 1921—for the assault on
414:to the Gurov family in commemoration of the famous
410:. In the 19th century a landlord gave the nickname
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998:. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press. p.
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1505:Government ministers of the Far Eastern Republic
588:. Chiang allowed Blyukher to "escape" after his
486:in 1918 and soon became a commander. During the
1515:All-Russian Central Executive Committee members
1470:People from Rybinsky District, Yaroslavl Oblast
902:Red Victory: A History of the Russian Civil War
1540:Military personnel of the Far Eastern Republic
1480:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members
466:Blyukher at the time of the Russian Civil War
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8:
1022:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
635:. From July to August 1938 he commanded the
592:. On his return he was given command of the
368:; 1 December 1889 – 9 November 1938) was a
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961:"Generalissimo and Madame Chiang Kai-shek"
886:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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52:
1565:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
1530:Russian military personnel of World War I
1179:Newspaper clippings about Vasily Blyukher
438:but in 1915 was seriously wounded in the
990:Jansen, Marc and Petrov, Nikita (2002).
821:Storm Clouds over the Pacific, 1931–1941
584:, later a leading figure in the Chinese
1570:Recipients of the Order of the Red Star
1097:Getty, J Arch; Naumov, Oleg V. (2010).
874:Большая советская энциклопедия volume 6
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774:Badge "5 years of the Cheka-GPU" (1932)
497:started in May 1918, the 10,000-strong
27:Marshal of the Soviet Union (1889–1938)
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426:as his surname — was drafted into the
1555:Recipients of the Medal of St. George
1550:Recipients of the Cross of St. George
1154:Stalin: Waiting for Hitler, 1929-1941
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848:Shakespeare, Dissent and the Cold War
7:
1101:. New Haven: Yale U.P. p. 206.
1060:The Penguin History of Modern China
927:Bol'shaya Rossiyskaya enciklopediya
824:. Casemate Publishers. p. 81.
602:Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army
528:, his force was reorganised as the
270:Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army
818:Harmsen, Peter (1 December 2018).
25:
1545:People of the Northern Expedition
383:. He was tortured and blinded by
1560:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
365:Vasiliy Konstantinovich Blyukher
353:Васи́лий Константи́нович Блю́хер
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1585:Great Purge victims from Russia
942:. Arcana, Kraków 2008, p. 269.
845:Thomas, Alfred (22 July 2014).
749:Order of Red Banner of the USSR
615:steadily extending its grip on
482:'s revolt. Blyukher joined the
399:Vasily Blyukher with The First
348:Vasily Konstantinovich Blyukher
1:
967:. Jan 3, 1938. Archived from
598:Far Eastern Military District
446:in 1916. He took part in the
420:Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher
70:
32:Eastern Slavic naming customs
1605:Burials at Donskoye Cemetery
1525:Marshals of the Soviet Union
1223:Marshals of the Soviet Union
851:. Springer. pp. 1–275.
723:Order of Red Banner of RSFSR
82:Vasily Konstantinovich Gurov
1590:Deaths by beating in Europe
1580:Executed military personnel
1575:Inmates of Lefortovo Prison
1183:20th Century Press Archives
633:Marshal of the Soviet Union
594:Ukrainian Military District
374:Marshal of the Soviet Union
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298:Soviet–Japanese Border Wars
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1475:People from Rybinsky Uyezd
929:Publisher, vol. 3, p. 618.
919:Great Russian Encyclopedia
743:by 51st Infantry Division;
470:In late November 1917 the
448:Russian Revolution of 1917
30:In this name that follows
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682:helping a Japanese spy.
631:". In 1935 he was made a
499:South Urals Partisan Army
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586:People's Liberation Army
940:Raj doczesny komunistów
651:Soviet purges and death
507:Order of the Red Banner
401:Order of the Red Banner
372:military commander and
323:Order of the Red Banner
1600:Soviet rehabilitations
1077:Исторические Материалы
876:. Moscow. p. 537.
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467:
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1157:. New York: Penguin.
1123:"Product Information"
780:, 3rd and 4th classes
763:Order of the Red Star
641:Battle of Lake Khasan
637:Soviet Far East Front
625:Order of the Red Star
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465:
408:Yaroslavl Governorate
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328:Order of the Red Star
303:Battle of Lake Khasan
224:Years of service
207:Russian Imperial Army
657:Mikhail Tukhachevsky
590:anti-communist purge
538:Far Eastern Republic
293:Sino-Soviet conflict
938:Adam Krzyżanowski.
784:Medal of St. George
778:Cross of St. George
574:Northern Expedition
530:51st Rifle Division
1490:Russian communists
900:W. Bruce Lincoln,
710:Honours and awards
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1164:978-1-59420-380-0
1108:978-0-300-10407-3
1009:978-0-8179-2902-2
971:on March 29, 2007
948:978-83-60940-24-2
858:978-1-137-43895-9
831:978-1-61200-481-5
668:Mikhail Frinovsky
558:Soviet propaganda
488:Russian Civil War
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1129:. Archived from
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1239:Tukhachevsky
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1131:the original
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478:to suppress
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276:Battles/wars
185:Soviet Union
140:Soviet Union
136:Russian SFSR
127:(1938-11-09)
92:Red Napoleon
47:
39:
1465:1938 deaths
1460:1889 births
1304:Rokossovsky
1142:Works cited
672:Lev Mekhlis
515:Switzerland
476:Chelyabinsk
188:(1917–1938)
173:(1914–1915)
87:Nickname(s)
44:family name
1454:Categories
1424:Akhromeyev
1384:Yakubovsky
1359:Moskalenko
1354:Yeryomenko
1329:Sokolovsky
1309:Malinovsky
1279:Vasilevsky
1259:Timoshenko
1234:Voroshilov
790:References
609:Khabarovsk
578:Kuomintang
158:Allegiance
112:Barschinka
105:1889-12-01
79:Birth name
36:patronymic
1429:Kurkotkin
1339:Bagramyan
1319:Meretskov
1314:Tolbukhin
1018:cite book
882:cite book
703:in 1956.
607:Based at
604:(OKDVA).
472:Red Guard
458:Civil War
359:romanized
334:Signature
229:1917–1938
227:1914–1915
69:Blyukher
1399:Brezhnev
1394:Koshevoy
1389:Batitsky
1369:Zakharov
1344:Biryuzov
1334:Bulganin
1254:Blyukher
1244:Budyonny
1151:(2017).
921:(2005),
751:, twice
689:Izvestia
629:Napoleon
582:Lin Biao
484:Red Army
436:corporal
424:Blyukher
418:Marshal
416:Prussian
412:Blyukher
266:Commands
218:Red Army
194:Service/
48:Blyukher
18:Blyukher
1419:Sokolov
1414:Ogarkov
1409:Kulikov
1404:Ustinov
1374:Golikov
1364:Chuikov
1349:Grechko
1299:Govorov
1249:Yegorov
1185:of the
1181:in the
975:May 22,
739:at the
737:Perekop
534:Wrangel
511:Suvorov
430:of the
1434:Petrov
1379:Krylov
1284:Stalin
1274:Zhukov
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1082:4 July
1006:
946:
923:Moscow
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765:(1930)
729:Front;
495:revolt
452:Samara
370:Soviet
314:Awards
196:branch
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146:Buried
132:Moscow
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1439:Yazov
1324:Beria
1294:Konev
1264:Kulik
645:Korea
617:China
613:Japan
566:China
556:This
503:White
434:as a
73:1930s
1159:ISBN
1103:ISBN
1084:2023
1024:link
1004:ISBN
977:2011
965:TIME
944:ISBN
888:link
853:ISBN
826:ISBN
715:Two
661:NKVD
542:Amur
428:army
234:Rank
122:Died
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1187:ZBW
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