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681:
including the necessity to do full end to end tests prior to flights instead of testing in chunks as done in the OFT. 10 recommendations were made to cover software requirements such that they have proper coverage to catch errors during testing. 35 of the recommendations surrounded improvements over process and operations such as including more reviews and use of experts. 7 recommendations covered software updates that addresses the three main anomalies that occurred during the flight. The final 7 included "Knowledge
Capture" and Boeing organizational changes to enable better safety reporting. They also included hardware changes to filter out radio interference and others to address the communication issue.
44:
1988:
673:(SM) Disposal Sequence, which incorrectly translated the SM disposal sequence into the SM Integrated Propulsion Controller (IPC). This could have made the service module crash into the capsule after separation, potentially leading to a catastrophic failure of the capsule. In addition, an Intermittent Space-to-Ground (S/G) forward link issue, which impeded the Flight Control team's ability to command and control the vehicle, was found. The current investigation was expected to last until end of February 2020, in addition a full-scale safety review was planned that would likely take months.
119:
99:
596:
648:(MET) clock occurred 31 minutes into flight. Due to intermittent space-to-ground communication issues flight controllers could not correct the issue. This anomaly caused the spacecraft's Orbital Maneuvering Thrusters (OMT) to burn into an incorrect orbit causing too much propellant to be burned. This precluded a rendezvous and docking with the ISS. The mission was reduced to just three days, with the spacecraft successfully landing at
1767:
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1424:
1309:
1067:
781:
509:. The ATD is named Rosie (aka "Rosie the Rocketeer"), as a homage to all the women who helped contribute to the Starliner Program. The capsule was weighted similarly to missions with astronauts onboard and carried approximately 270 kg (600 lb) of supplies and equipment including a plush toy of
659:
bumping back into
Starliner after separation. The bug was fixed two hours before the capsule re-entered. Had the bug not been discovered and fixed, it may have damaged Starliner and prevented a safe landing. Additionally, it was determined that had the first anomaly not occurred, the second would not
570:
The mission launched successfully on
December 20, 2019 at 11:36:43 UTC, but thirty-one minutes after launch the mission elapsed timer (MET) clock made an error. During a later press conference, it was revealed that MET was offset by 11 hours. When it became obvious that the maneuver did not happen,
689:; NASA had increased their oversight of SpaceX due to their different working practices. NASA made 6 recommendations internally to prevent similar occurrences in the future. This included the need for NASA to review and approve the contractors' "hazard verification tests plans" before the test.
680:
On July 7, 2020, NASA and Boeing announced the completion of the Space-to-Ground communication issue, marking the completion of the OFT review. The number of corrective actions was increased to 80 from the March 2020 update. 21 recommendations focused on a need for more testing and simulations;
676:
On March 6, 2020, NASA gave an update on the anomalies. They announced 61 corrective actions that addressed the MET and service module disposal software issues. The mission was declared a "high visibility close call" as there were two times where the spacecraft could have been lost. NASA found
668:
On
February 7, 2020, NASA shared their preliminary findings about the Boeing OFT mission and discovered software problems with the Mission Elapsed Time (MET), which incorrectly polled time from the Atlas V booster nearly 11 hours prior to launch. Another software issue occurred within the
684:
Internally within NASA the investigation found that the lack of oversight over
Starliner software was from NASA's focus of resources on other high risk parts of the flight. In addition, NASA may have had less oversight due to Boeing's traditional systems development style compared to
393:
608:
On
December 22, 2019, Starliner was cleared to reenter the Earth's atmosphere. After deorbiting, Starliner reentered the Earth's atmosphere, before successfully deploying all sets of parachutes. Starliner deployed airbags and successfully touched-down at
1041:"Because #Starliner believed it was in an orbital insertion burn (or that the burn was complete), the dead bands were reduced and the spacecraft burned more fuel than anticipated to maintain precise control. This precluded @Space_Station rendezvous"
575:
satellites delayed the orbital insertion burn. This delay resulted in an abnormal orbit and excessive fuel use. The decision was made to scratch the ISS rendezvous/docking since the spacecraft burned too much fuel to reach orbit even after
904:
584:
By 11:40 UTC, the
Starliner was in a "stable orbit", though orbital insertion was not nominal. It was later confirmed that Starliner had placed itself into a 187 km × 222 km (116 mi × 138 mi) orbit.
617:, vice president for Boeing's space and launch division, estimated that Starliner has achieved over 60% of the flight objectives, and this could reach over 85% once all the data from the spacecraft is retrieved and analyzed.
580:
fixed the MET clock issue. NASA and Boeing officials placed the spacecraft in a different orbit and the entire flight plan had to be redone and the mission was reduced from eight days to three flight days.
488:
On 6 April 2020, Boeing announced that it would conduct another
Orbital Flight Test to prove and meet all of the test objectives. NASA accepted the proposal from Boeing to do another uncrewed test flight,
1634:
894:
4134:
1294:
1814:
1639:
1491:
1452:
1195:
1337:
1373:
1264:
1134:
1228:
4144:
3061:
987:
838:
807:
954:
1805:
4149:
1401:
1527:
871:
4139:
1606:
3992:
3924:
3920:
19:
This article is about
Orbital Flight Test 1 for the Boeing CST-100 Starliner spacecapsule in December 2019. For Orbital Flight Test 2 in May 2022, see
929:
477:(MET) clock occurred 31 minutes into flight. This anomaly caused the spacecraft to burn into an incorrect orbit, preventing a rendezvous with the
3054:
1282:
588:
By 13:55 UTC, mission control center had realized that docking with the ISS was precluded. Despite not being able to dock and the MET anomaly,
572:
571:
NASA and Boeing tried sending commands to get
Starliner back on track, but the position of the spacecraft switching communications between two
255:
1481:
3483:
3427:
1442:
4129:
1185:
1327:
567:
and is required for Starliner flights in order to provide a launch trajectory that allows for a safe abort at any point in the mission.
454:
79:
1363:
1159:
770:
1798:
251:
3491:
3047:
1002:
1254:
1124:
1048:
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are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
1987:
1218:
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411:
3828:
977:
43:
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830:
655:
After the mission, it was revealed that another critical software bug was found in flight, which could have resulted in the
1791:
1710:
1564:
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2980:
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944:
734:
N22 designates that the Atlas V has no payload fairing, two solid rocker boosters, and two Centaur second-stage engines.
490:
465:. The mission was planned to be an eight-day test flight of the spacecraft, involving a rendezvous and docking with the
430:
20:
4102:
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
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4026:
4019:
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24:
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469:(ISS), and a landing in the western United States. The mission was launched on December 20, 2019 at 11:36:43
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538:
425:
406:
227:
3705:
3843:
2747:
1328:"NASA investigation finds 61 corrective actions for Boeing after failed Starliner spacecraft mission"
1044:
1006:
766:
645:
592:
stated during a press conference that "A lot of things went right. And this is in fact why we test".
474:
3761:
1443:"NASA and Boeing aim to redo Starliner spacecraft test later this year after investigating failures"
529:
N22, designated AV-080, launched the CST-100 Starliner spacecraft on an uncrewed test flight to the
118:
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3731:
3700:
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3268:
3257:
3086:
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3071:
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2286:
2195:
1866:
1522:
1223:
1003:"There's a second set of orbital elements released now, 187 x 222 km, with epoch at 13:20 UTC"
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866:
367:
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3686:
3589:
1149:
4056:
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614:
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3262:
3939:
3819:
3784:
3767:
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3312:
3135:
1905:
560:
3736:
3666:
481:(ISS). The mission was reduced to just two days, with the spacecraft successfully landing at
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2521:
2356:
2336:
2316:
1704:
1689:
1615:
542:
502:
450:
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392:
330:
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28:
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2990:
2985:
2496:
2465:
2440:
2425:
2130:
2080:
1040:
1036:
758:
698:
625:
589:
340:
517:
crew members. Due to the inability to dock with the ISS, this cargo was never delivered.
98:
613:
at 12:58:53 UTC. Though the ISS rendezvous that was planned for the OFT did not happen,
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3640:
3332:
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2909:
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2868:
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2160:
2155:
2125:
2110:
2095:
1960:
1945:
1901:
1088:
670:
656:
377:
1283:"NASA Update on Orbital Flight Test Independent Review Team – Commercial Crew Program"
762:
4118:
3962:
3624:
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3607:
3391:
3129:
2919:
2904:
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2822:
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2105:
2090:
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2055:
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2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1975:
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1965:
1950:
1940:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1910:
1896:
1891:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1428:
1313:
1125:"Boeing's Starliner spacecraft, built to carry astronauts, faces new safety concerns"
1071:
899:
785:
763:"A couple of the awesome people who brought Calypso home! Thank you Steve and Kayva!"
514:
4041:
3975:
3968:
3859:
3348:
3326:
3306:
3151:
3141:
3106:
3000:
2924:
2875:
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2767:
2728:
2708:
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2663:
2626:
2596:
2571:
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2450:
2404:
2393:
2383:
2351:
2331:
2276:
2256:
1486:
1368:
1259:
1190:
1010:
920:"Rosie, a Bandana-Clad Test Dummy, Will Be the First to Fly on Boeing's Starliner"
677:
factors internally that led to the anomalies such as the oversight over software.
3791:
3779:
3720:
3601:
3466:
3353:
3278:
3245:
3124:
3120:
2678:
2621:
2616:
2561:
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2415:
2296:
2246:
2185:
633:
69:
4004:
3934:
3874:
3343:
3196:
3165:
2929:
1557:
629:
506:
4077:
4032:
3996:
3595:
3552:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3439:
3431:
3359:
3300:
3210:
1154:
1093:
924:
831:"Live coverage: Overnight countdown underway for Friday's Starliner launch"
1552:
533:. The capsule was intended to dock with the space station, then return to
4082:
3929:
3894:
3725:
3548:
3531:
3525:
3487:
3421:
3410:
3402:
3238:
3101:
4091:
4086:
4064:
4060:
4046:
4009:
3987:
3900:
3671:
3565:
3455:
3319:
3187:
3160:
3156:
3112:
1735:
1060:
1022:
774:
553:
526:
238:
1518:"NASA and Boeing Complete Starliner Orbital Flight Test Investigation"
862:"NASA and Boeing Complete Starliner Orbital Flight Test Investigation"
4037:
4023:
4016:
3946:
3912:
3905:
3886:
3881:
3814:
3773:
3629:
3471:
3415:
3372:
3295:
3216:
2934:
686:
510:
1482:"Independent reviewers offer 80 suggestions to make Starliner safer"
978:"Boeing, ULA launches of Starliner, suffers orbital insertion issue"
800:"Launch of first Starliner orbital test flight slips to December 19"
1584:
712:, SpaceX's second orbital and first crewed mission with Crew Dragon
4052:
3560:
3556:
3397:
3116:
2120:
1740:
1186:"Starliner faced "catastrophic" failure before software bug found"
594:
534:
357:
347:
1427:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1312:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1070:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
784:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3676:
3662:
1447:
1405:
1332:
1290:
564:
458:
3043:
1787:
1588:
1364:"NASA declares Starliner mishap a "high visibility close call""
1219:"Boeing and NASA admit multiple anomalies on Starliner mission"
945:"Starliner arrives at launch pad in major pre-flight milestone"
1129:
706:, SpaceX's first (uncrewed) orbital mission with Crew Dragon
473:
or 06:36:43 AM EST; however an issue with the spacecraft's
1255:"Boeing's Starliner problems may be worse than we thought"
628:, informally dubbed the spacecraft "Calypso" after the
23:. For the crewed orbital flight test in June 2024, see
16:
Uncrewed flight test of the Boeing Starliner spacecraft
1402:"NASA and Boeing Complete Orbital Flight Test Reviews"
895:"Remember Rosie the Riveter? Meet Rosie the Rocketeer"
556:
without a payload fairing and its first flight with a
501:
Instead of carrying astronauts, the flight carried an
1562:
132:
2 days, 1 hour, 22 minutes (achieved)
4135:
Supply vehicles for the International Space Station
3955:
3852:
3807:
3750:
3649:
3541:
3448:
3384:
3288:
3226:
3174:
3094:
2958:
2894:
2653:
2373:
2145:
1995:
1856:
1728:
1697:
1650:
397:Boeing Starliner Orbital Flight Test mission patch
376:
366:
356:
346:
336:
326:
321:
303:
284:
279:
261:
247:
234:
201:
196:
180:
172:
162:
149:
144:
126:
106:
85:
75:
65:
53:
753:
751:
1511:
1509:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1118:
1116:
620:The spacecraft will later be reused on mission
1472:
1470:
773:from the original on June 6, 2021 – via
3055:
1799:
1600:
1276:
1274:
1082:
1080:
8:
36:
3062:
3048:
3040:
1806:
1792:
1784:
1688:
1607:
1593:
1585:
1150:"Starliner anomaly to prevent ISS docking"
391:
117:
97:
42:
35:
4145:December 2019 events in the United States
1553:Official Webpage of the CST-100 Starliner
1569:
747:
724:
604:in processing after returning to Earth.
563:. The dual-engine Centaur utilizes two
449:) was the first orbital mission of the
1162:from the original on September 5, 2024
1101:from the original on September 5, 2024
1051:from the original on December 20, 2019
1558:NASA Live: Official Stream of NASA TV
1494:from the original on January 16, 2024
976:Gebhardt, Chris (December 19, 2019).
943:Gebhardt, Chris (November 21, 2019).
730:
728:
7:
4150:Spacecraft launched by Atlas rockets
1400:Sempsrott, Danielle (July 7, 2020).
1217:Gebhardt, Chris (February 7, 2020).
1123:Wattles, Jackie (February 7, 2020).
990:from the original on August 6, 2024.
829:Clark, Stephen (December 18, 2019).
443:Boeing Starliner Orbital Flight Test
176:Boeing Defense, Space & Security
80:Boeing Defense, Space & Security
3001:Sierra Nevada Dream Chaser (future)
1530:from the original on August 5, 2024
1376:from the original on August 6, 2024
1297:from the original on August 6, 2024
1267:from the original on June 30, 2024.
1198:from the original on August 6, 2024
957:from the original on August 6, 2024
918:Gohd, Chelsea (December 16, 2019).
874:from the original on August 5, 2024
841:from the original on August 7, 2024
798:Clark, Stephen (December 3, 2019).
27:. For the flight test program, see
4140:Spacecraft which reentered in 2019
1516:Burghardt, Thomas (July 8, 2020).
1455:from the original on June 22, 2024
1231:from the original on July 26, 2024
1001:Bassa, Cees (December 20, 2019).
932:from the original on May 23, 2024.
893:Joy, Rachael (November 21, 2019).
860:Burghardt, Thomas (July 7, 2020).
14:
1326:Sheetz, Michael (March 6, 2020).
1148:Foust, Jeff (December 20, 2019).
1137:from the original on May 2, 2024.
1087:Foust, Jeff (December 22, 2019).
907:from the original on May 2, 2024.
810:from the original on May 24, 2024
630:famed oceanographic research ship
1986:
1766:
1765:
1631:List of spaceflights to the ISS
1572:
1441:Sheetz, Michael (July 7, 2020).
1422:
1340:from the original on May 2, 2024
1307:
1065:
779:
3030:† - mission failed to reach ISS
1089:"Starliner lands in New Mexico"
644:An issue with the spacecraft's
184:13,000 kg (29,000 lb)
29:Boeing Starliner § Testing
1281:Lewis, Marie (March 6, 2020).
552:OFT is the first flight of an
109:
1:
513:and holiday presents for the
48:The maiden Atlas V N22 launch
491:Boeing Orbital Flight Test 2
21:Boeing Orbital Flight Test 2
4130:Spacecraft launched in 2019
3192:SaudiGeoSat-1 / HellasSat-4
1819:International Space Station
531:International Space Station
503:Anthropomorphic Test Device
479:International Space Station
467:International Space Station
412:Dragon In-Flight Abort Test
400:Commercial Crew Development
4171:
1756:indicates current missions
292:22 December 2019, 12:58:53
288:22 December 2019, 12:58:53
209:20 December 2019, 11:36:43
205:20 December 2019, 11:36:43
37:Boeing Orbital Flight Test
18:
4100:
3014:
1984:
1825:
1762:indicates future missions
1749:
1686:
1622:
547:Boeing Crewed Flight Test
453:spacecraft, conducted by
390:
386:
362:222 km (138 mi)
352:187 km (116 mi)
317:
313:
275:
271:
192:
188:
140:
136:
61:
41:
25:Boeing Crewed Flight Test
3161:Jilin-1 Hyperspectral-02
3157:Jilin-1 Hyperspectral-01
3018:Ongoing spaceflights in
650:White Sands Space Harbor
611:White Sands Space Harbor
483:White Sands Space Harbor
419:Boeing Starliner flights
308:White Sands Space Harbor
3024:Future spaceflights in
2996:Northrop Grumman Cygnus
1627:Commercial Crew Program
505:(ATD) wearing Boeing's
463:Commercial Crew Program
3461:RADARSAT Constellation
3207:Nusantara Satu / PSN 6
2986:SpaceX Dragon 1 (past)
652:on December 22, 2019.
605:
578:Mission control center
485:on December 22, 2019.
266:United Launch Alliance
153:Boeing Starliner
1815:Uncrewed spaceflights
1668:Orbital Flight Test 2
1039:(December 20, 2019).
761:(December 22, 2019).
598:
539:Western United States
327:Reference system
145:Spacecraft properties
3078:Orbital launches in
1253:(February 7, 2020).
1184:(February 6, 2020).
1013:on December 20, 2019
660:have been detected.
646:Mission Elapsed Time
475:Mission Elapsed Time
3834:"As The Crow Flies"
3701:"Look Ma, No Hands"
3007:ISS Deorbit Vehicle
2949:ISS Deorbit Vehicle
1663:Orbital Flight Test
1523:NASASpaceflight.com
1224:NASASpaceflight.com
983:NASASpaceflight.com
950:NASASpaceflight.com
867:NASASpaceflight.com
558:dual-engine Centaur
38:
3988:Jilin-1 Gaofen-02B
3901:Jilin-1 Gaofen-02A
3456:Jilin-1 Gaofen-03A
3234:Crew Dragon Demo-1
2966:Roscosmos Progress
1834:Crewed ISS flights
710:Crew Dragon Demo-2
704:Crew Dragon Demo-1
632:and its eponymous
622:Boeing Starliner-1
606:
507:custom flight suit
322:Orbital parameters
4155:Test spaceflights
4112:
4111:
3820:Eutelsat 5 West B
3706:BlackSky Global 4
3521:BlackSky Global 3
3037:
3036:
1781:
1780:
1404:(Press release).
1362:(March 6, 2020).
1037:Bridenstine, Jim
1009:). Archived from
759:Williams, Sunita
624:. Its commander,
541:after an orbital
451:CST-100 Starliner
439:
438:
4162:
4125:Boeing Starliner
4049:
4013:
3979:
3972:
3943:
3895:Starlink V1.0-L1
3877:
3871:
3569:
3534:
3528:
3517:
3511:
3505:
3499:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3329:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3303:
3144:
3138:
3132:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3041:
1990:
1849:
1843:
1838:
1832:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1785:
1769:
1768:
1692:
1673:Crew Flight Test
1616:Boeing Starliner
1609:
1602:
1595:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1568:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1513:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1480:(July 7, 2020).
1474:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1408:. Archived from
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1385:
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1381:
1356:
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1349:
1347:
1345:
1323:
1317:
1311:
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1302:
1278:
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1268:
1247:
1241:
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1236:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1120:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1084:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1058:
1056:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1020:
1018:
998:
992:
991:
973:
967:
966:
964:
962:
940:
934:
933:
915:
909:
908:
890:
884:
883:
881:
879:
857:
851:
850:
848:
846:
826:
820:
819:
817:
815:
795:
789:
783:
782:
778:
755:
735:
732:
543:shakedown cruise
395:
348:Perigee altitude
331:Geocentric orbit
298:
295:
293:
226:
222:
215:
212:
210:
197:Start of mission
167:Boeing Starliner
130:8 days (planned)
127:Mission duration
122:
121:
111:
102:
101:
95:
46:
39:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4159:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4096:
4045:
4008:
3974:
3967:
3951:
3938:
3897:(60 satellites)
3873:
3867:
3848:
3803:
3746:
3715:Pearl White × 2
3645:
3564:
3537:
3530:
3524:
3513:
3507:
3501:
3495:
3444:
3424:(60 satellites)
3380:
3364:
3358:
3352:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3305:
3299:
3284:
3269:"Two Thumbs Up"
3222:
3170:
3140:
3134:
3128:
3090:
3089:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3068:
3038:
3033:
3010:
2991:SpaceX Dragon 2
2954:
2890:
2649:
2369:
2141:
1991:
1982:
1852:
1847:
1845:ISS expeditions
1841:
1836:
1830:
1821:
1812:
1782:
1777:
1745:
1724:
1693:
1684:
1646:
1618:
1613:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1563:
1549:
1544:
1543:
1533:
1531:
1515:
1514:
1507:
1497:
1495:
1476:
1475:
1468:
1458:
1456:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1423:
1415:
1413:
1412:on July 7, 2020
1399:
1398:
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1358:
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1325:
1324:
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1298:
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1272:
1249:
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1234:
1232:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1201:
1199:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1147:
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1142:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1104:
1102:
1086:
1085:
1078:
1066:
1054:
1052:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1016:
1014:
1000:
999:
995:
975:
974:
970:
960:
958:
942:
941:
937:
917:
916:
912:
892:
891:
887:
877:
875:
859:
858:
854:
844:
842:
835:Spaceflight Now
828:
827:
823:
813:
811:
804:Spaceflight Now
797:
796:
792:
780:
757:
756:
749:
744:
739:
738:
733:
726:
721:
695:
666:
642:
626:Sunita Williams
590:Jim Bridenstine
537:to land in the
523:
499:
445:(also known as
435:
434:
428:
421:
416:
415:
409:
402:
396:
358:Apogee altitude
341:Low Earth orbit
296:
291:
289:
242:
224:
220:
213:
208:
206:
163:Spacecraft type
131:
116:
96:
91:
49:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4168:
4166:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4117:
4116:
4110:
4109:
4105:Crewed flights
4101:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4089:
4080:
4078:Elektro-L No.3
4075:
4067:
4050:
4035:
4029:
4014:
4002:
3990:
3985:
3983:Progress MS-13
3980:
3965:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3932:
3927:
3918:
3903:
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3854:
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3849:
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3811:
3809:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3795:
3788:
3782:
3777:
3771:
3765:
3762:Ice Pathfinder
3754:
3752:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3734:
3729:
3723:
3718:
3717:
3716:
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3698:
3693:
3680:
3674:
3669:
3660:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3641:Progress MS-12
3638:
3633:
3627:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3615:
3605:
3598:
3593:
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3570:
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3408:
3400:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3370:
3346:
3341:
3335:
3333:Progress MS-11
3330:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3276:
3266:
3260:
3255:
3249:
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3204:
3194:
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3110:
3104:
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3067:
3066:
3059:
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3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3022:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2978:
2973:
2971:ESA ATV (past)
2968:
2962:
2960:
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2955:
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2943:
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2619:
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2214:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1899:
1894:
1886:
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1796:
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1779:
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1763:
1757:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1716:Spacecraft 3 "
1713:
1708:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1658:Pad Abort Test
1654:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1589:
1582:
1581:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1548:
1547:External links
1545:
1542:
1541:
1505:
1466:
1433:
1387:
1351:
1318:
1287:blogs.nasa.gov
1270:
1242:
1209:
1173:
1140:
1112:
1076:
1028:
993:
968:
935:
910:
885:
852:
821:
790:
746:
745:
743:
740:
737:
736:
723:
722:
720:
717:
716:
715:
714:
713:
707:
694:
691:
671:Service Module
665:
662:
657:service module
641:
638:
522:
519:
498:
495:
437:
436:
429:
423:
422:
417:
410:
404:
403:
398:
388:
387:
384:
383:
380:
374:
373:
370:
364:
363:
360:
354:
353:
350:
344:
343:
338:
334:
333:
328:
324:
323:
319:
318:
315:
314:
311:
310:
305:
301:
300:
286:
282:
281:
280:End of mission
277:
276:
273:
272:
269:
268:
263:
259:
258:
252:Cape Canaveral
249:
245:
244:
236:
232:
231:
203:
199:
198:
194:
193:
190:
189:
186:
185:
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128:
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123:
113:
104:
103:
89:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
47:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4167:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4106:
4099:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4066:
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4021:
4018:
4015:
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4006:
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3998:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3970:
3966:
3964:
3963:SpaceX CRS-19
3961:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3948:
3945:
3941:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:Inmarsat-5 F5
3928:
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3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
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3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3749:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:Geo-IK-2 No.3
3730:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3699:
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3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3625:SpaceX CRS-18
3623:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3608:Chandrayaan-2
3606:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3591:
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3498:
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3476:
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3470:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3422:Starlink v0.9
3420:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3393:
3392:SpaceX CRS-17
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3355:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3308:
3302:
3301:Astrocast 0.2
3297:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3259:
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3250:
3248:
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3208:
3205:
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3189:
3186:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3137:
3131:
3130:AOBA-VELOX-IV
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3093:
3088:
3084:
3073:
3065:
3060:
3058:
3053:
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3017:
3016:
3013:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2997:
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2992:
2989:
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2979:
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2500:
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1429:public domain
1411:
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1072:public domain
1062:
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900:Florida Today
896:
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786:public domain
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664:Investigation
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515:Expedition 61
512:
508:
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496:
494:
493:(Boe-OFT-2).
492:
486:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
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448:
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433: →
432:
427:
424:←
420:
414: →
413:
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405:←
401:
394:
389:
385:
382:90.00 minutes
381:
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34:
30:
26:
22:
4104:
4072:
4057:Ziyuan I-04A
3860:Cygnus NG-12
3790:
3691:Xingshidai-5
3687:Qian Sheng-1
3630:Yaogan 30-05
3600:
3590:Falcon Eye 1
3549:Meteor-M 2-2
3396:Harbinger /
3349:Cygnus NG-11
3307:Bluewalker 1
3244:
3142:OrigamiSat-1
3107:Iridium NEXT
3025:
3019:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2641:
1848:}}
1842:{{
1837:}}
1831:{{
1771:
1759:
1753:
1717:
1711:Spacecraft 2
1705:Spacecraft 1
1677:
1662:
1532:. Retrieved
1521:
1496:. Retrieved
1487:Ars Technica
1485:
1478:Berger, Eric
1457:. Retrieved
1446:
1436:
1414:. Retrieved
1410:the original
1378:. Retrieved
1369:Ars Technica
1367:
1360:Berger, Eric
1354:
1342:. Retrieved
1331:
1321:
1299:. Retrieved
1286:
1260:Ars Technica
1258:
1251:Berger, Eric
1245:
1233:. Retrieved
1222:
1212:
1200:. Retrieved
1191:Ars Technica
1189:
1182:Berger, Eric
1176:
1164:. Retrieved
1153:
1143:
1128:
1103:. Retrieved
1092:
1059:– via
1055:December 20,
1053:. Retrieved
1031:
1021:– via
1017:December 21,
1015:. Retrieved
1011:the original
996:
981:
971:
961:December 17,
959:. Retrieved
948:
938:
923:
913:
898:
888:
876:. Retrieved
865:
855:
843:. Retrieved
834:
824:
812:. Retrieved
803:
793:
683:
679:
675:
667:
654:
643:
619:
607:
600:
587:
583:
569:
551:
524:
500:
487:
446:
442:
440:
431:Boeing OFT-2
304:Landing site
285:Landing date
173:Manufacturer
155:
66:Mission type
33:
4031:JCSAT-18 /
3993:Kosmos 2544
3925:Kosmos 2543
3921:Kosmos 2542
3792:Soyuz MS-15
3776:-3 M23, M24
3741:Xiaoxiang 1
3721:Soyuz MS-14
3696:Chinasat 18
3602:Soyuz MS-13
3585:Kosmos 2538
3581:Kosmos 2537
3577:Kosmos 2536
3573:Kosmos 2535
3515:LightSail-2
3503:FalconSAT-7
3467:Eutelsat 7C
3428:Kosmos 2543
3354:NepaliSat-1
3279:Tianlian II
3246:Soyuz MS-12
3201:Helios Wire
3125:MicroDragon
3121:Hodoyoshi-2
3102:ChinaSat 2D
1867:2R / Zvezda
1679:Starliner-1
1579:Spaceflight
845:January 18,
814:December 3,
699:Crew Dragon
634:John Denver
615:Jim Chilton
561:upper stage
457:as part of
368:Inclination
248:Launch site
202:Launch date
181:Launch mass
70:Flight test
4119:Categories
4092:Shijian 20
4005:RISAT-2BR1
3976:Unicorn-2C
3969:Unicorn-2B
3935:Cartosat-3
3875:HuskySat-1
3815:Gaofen 10R
3764:, Taurus 1
3636:Meridian 8
3532:SpaceBEE 9
3526:SpaceBEE 8
3344:Arabsat-6A
3263:Lingque 1B
3197:EgyptSat A
3166:Microsat-R
2959:Spacecraft
2930:SNC Demo-1
1829:See also:
1698:Spacecraft
878:August 10,
742:References
525:The first
262:Contractor
150:Spacecraft
4070:Starliner
4065:Tianqin-1
4033:Kacific 1
3997:GLONASS-M
3978:/ NOOR-1B
3971:/ NOOR-1A
3947:Gaofen 12
3751:September
3657:Blagovest
3596:Spektr-RG
3509:BRICSat-2
3440:Yamal-601
3432:GLONASS-M
3416:Yaogan 33
3360:Raavana 1
3211:Beresheet
3020:underline
2773:Boe-OFT 2
2654:2020–2024
2374:2015–2019
2146:2010–2014
1996:2005–2009
1857:2000–2004
1707:(retired)
1155:SpaceNews
1094:SpaceNews
925:Space.com
640:Anomalies
545:ahead of
93:2019-094A
87:COSPAR ID
4083:Gonets-M
4053:CBERS-4A
4024:BeiDou-3
4017:BeiDou-3
3956:December
3940:Flock-4p
3913:BeiDou-3
3906:BeiDou-3
3887:BeiDou-3
3882:Gaofen 7
3864:STPSat 4
3853:November
3838:Palisade
3785:Yunhai-1
3768:Zhuhai-1
3726:GPS IIIA
3683:Tianqi-2
3561:ICEYE X5
3557:ICEYE X4
3553:CarboNIX
3497:StangSat
3488:COSMIC-2
3472:BeiDou-3
3411:RISAT-2B
3403:BeiDou-2
3398:ICEYE X3
3373:BeiDou-3
3313:Flock-4a
3239:ChinaSat
3175:February
3152:KH-11 17
2981:NASA CRS
2976:JAXA HTV
1772:Category
1729:Hardware
1651:Missions
1640:uncrewed
1528:Archived
1492:Archived
1453:Archived
1374:Archived
1338:Archived
1295:Archived
1265:Archived
1229:Archived
1196:Archived
1160:Archived
1135:Archived
1099:Archived
1049:Archived
988:Archived
955:Archived
930:Archived
905:Archived
872:Archived
839:Archived
808:Archived
771:Archived
693:See also
219:(6:36:43
76:Operator
4087:BLITS-M
4073:Boe-OFT
4061:ETRSS-1
4047:OPS-SAT
4010:Lemur-2
3808:October
3760:I-02D,
3737:Taiji-1
3672:Amos-17
3667:HYLAS-3
3618:Pragyan
3566:Lemur-2
3320:Lemur-2
3188:GSAT-31
3148:USA-290
3113:RAPIS-1
3095:January
3026:italics
2748:Prichal
2642:Boe-OFT
2587:SpX-DM1
1817:to the
1760:Italics
1736:Atlas V
1718:Calypso
1534:July 8,
1498:July 8,
1459:July 8,
1416:July 8,
1380:July 8,
1344:July 8,
1301:July 8,
1235:July 7,
1202:July 7,
1166:July 7,
1105:July 7,
1061:Twitter
1023:Twitter
775:Twitter
601:Calypso
554:Atlas V
527:Atlas V
521:Mission
497:Payload
447:Boe-OFT
426:Boe-PAT
407:Boe-PAT
290: (
239:Atlas V
207: (
156:Calypso
108:SATCAT
57:Boe-OFT
4038:CHEOPS
3774:BeiDou
3758:Ziyuan
3650:August
3613:Vikram
3366:Seeker
3296:EMISAT
3258:PRISMA
3217:OneWeb
3182:Dousti
3087:2020 →
3072:← 2018
2935:HTV-X1
2920:SpX-32
2905:SpX-31
2895:Future
2863:SpX-30
2838:SpX-29
2823:SpX-28
2813:SpX-27
2798:SpX-26
2783:SpX-25
2753:SpX-24
2734:SpX-23
2714:SpX-22
2694:SpX-21
2669:SpX-20
2632:SpX-19
2607:SpX-18
2602:SpX-17
2577:SpX-16
2552:SpX-15
2542:SpX-14
2527:SpX-13
2512:SpX-12
2502:SpX-11
2487:SpX-10
2302:Orb-D1
1635:crewed
1565:Portal
687:SpaceX
636:song.
511:Snoopy
455:Boeing
378:Period
372:51.63°
337:Regime
297:
256:SLC-41
243:AV-080
235:Rocket
225:
221:
214:
4085:× 3,
4042:CSG-1
3844:TJS-4
3824:MEV-1
3780:HTV-8
3711:BRO 1
3689:01 /
3665:-C /
3490:× 6,
3480:STP-2
3289:April
3227:March
3136:NEXUS
3117:ALE-1
2946:2030
2940:SNC-1
2925:NG-22
2916:2025
2901:2024
2876:NG-21
2853:NG-20
2849:2024
2828:NG-19
2804:2023
2793:NG-18
2768:NG-17
2759:2022
2729:NG-16
2724:Nauka
2709:NG-15
2700:2021
2689:NG-14
2679:HTV-9
2664:NG-13
2660:2020
2627:NG-12
2622:HTV-8
2597:NG-11
2583:2019
2572:NG-10
2562:HTV-7
2547:OA-9E
2533:2018
2522:OA-8E
2483:2017
2477:HTV-6
2461:SpX-9
2451:SpX-8
2437:2016
2416:HTV-5
2405:SpX-7
2394:SpX-6
2384:SpX-5
2380:2015
2357:Orb-3
2352:SpX-4
2347:ATV-5
2337:Orb-2
2332:SpX-3
2317:Orb-1
2313:2014
2297:HTV-4
2287:ATV-4
2277:SpX-2
2268:2013
2257:SpX-1
2247:HTV-3
2242:SpX-D
2232:ATV-3
2223:2012
2196:ATV-2
2186:HTV-2
2182:2011
2152:2010
2135:Poisk
2121:HTV-1
2102:2009
2081:ATV-1
2072:2008
2047:2007
2027:2006
2002:2005
1957:2004
1937:2003
1917:2002
1888:2001
1863:2000
1741:RS-88
1045:Tweet
1007:Tweet
767:Tweet
719:Notes
565:RL-10
535:Earth
115:44900
54:Names
3942:× 12
3869:HARP
3829:ICON
3677:AEHF
3663:EDRS
3659:-14L
3542:July
3492:GPIM
3449:June
3315:× 20
3273:R3D2
3213:, S5
3109:× 10
3080:2019
2744:M-UM
2497:OA-7
2466:OA-5
2441:OA-6
2426:OA-4
2131:MIM2
1906:Pirs
1754:Bold
1536:2020
1500:2020
1461:2020
1448:CNBC
1418:2020
1406:NASA
1382:2020
1346:2020
1333:CNBC
1303:2020
1291:NASA
1237:2020
1204:2020
1168:2020
1107:2020
1057:2019
1019:2019
963:2019
880:2020
847:2021
816:2019
573:TDRS
459:NASA
441:The
4027:M20
4020:M19
4012:× 4
4000:759
3916:M22
3909:M21
3890:I3Q
3798:EKS
3743:-07
3728:-02
3568:× 8
3484:DSX
3475:I2Q
3463:× 3
3435:758
3385:May
3376:I1Q
3340:× 4
3338:O3b
3327:M6P
3322:× 4
3281:-01
3254:-10
3252:WGS
3241:-6C
2910:90P
2883:89P
2869:88P
2858:87P
2843:86P
2833:85P
2818:84P
2808:83P
2788:82P
2778:81P
2763:80P
2739:79P
2719:78P
2704:77P
2684:76P
2674:75P
2637:74P
2617:60S
2612:73P
2592:72P
2567:71P
2557:70P
2537:69P
2517:68P
2507:67P
2492:66P
2471:65P
2456:64P
2446:63P
2431:62P
2421:61P
2411:60P
2399:59P
2389:58P
2363:57P
2342:56P
2327:55P
2322:54P
2307:53P
2292:52P
2282:51P
2272:50P
2262:49P
2252:48P
2237:47P
2227:46P
2217:45P
2211:44P
2206:43P
2201:42P
2191:41P
2176:40P
2171:39P
2166:38P
2161:37P
2156:36P
2126:35P
2116:34P
2111:33P
2106:32P
2096:31P
2091:30P
2086:29P
2076:28P
2066:27P
2061:26P
2056:25P
2051:24P
2041:23P
2036:22P
2031:21P
2021:20P
2016:19P
2011:18P
2006:17P
1976:16P
1971:15P
1966:14P
1961:13P
1951:12P
1946:11P
1941:10P
1902:SO1
1130:CNN
1047:).
769:).
471:UTC
461:'s
299:UTC
241:N22
228:EST
217:UTC
110:no.
4121::
4063:,
4059:,
4055:/
4044:,
4040:,
4022:,
4007:,
3995:/
3973:,
3937:,
3923:,
3911:,
3872:,
3866:,
3822:,
3800:-3
3787:02
3770:x2
3739:,
3685:,
3679:-5
3632:x3
3583:,
3579:,
3575:,
3563:,
3559:,
3555:,
3551:,
3529:,
3523:,
3512:,
3506:,
3500:,
3494:,
3486:,
3482:,
3430:/
3406:G8
3363:,
3357:,
3324:,
3317:,
3310:,
3304:,
3298:,
3219:x6
3209:,
3199:,
3190:,
3159:,
3150:/
3139:,
3133:,
3127:,
3123:,
3119:,
3115:,
2746:/
2133:/
1931:9P
1926:8P
1921:7P
1911:6P
1904:/
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