1157:
3097:
1085:("unwell") and may no longer make a bet, since 2 points (the minimum bet in a game) ensures victory. If this happens, the opposing team records. In many places in Carinthia, so-called "Watter Tournaments" are played, where the valley communities play different variants, mostly however critical or non-critical - four-player Watten. There is usually an entry fee and prizes. It is often also possible to
740:). In this case, the opponents must either play a Critical or a trump card (the other Strikers are exempt from this rule). The partner has to play a trump, but does not have to play a Critical. If the Chief Striker is beaten by a Critical, the remaining players no longer have to play a trump. Prior to leading the Chief Striker, the player may ask the partner "will it cause damage?" (
432:
42:
1234:
card determines the trump suit for this hand. The value of forehand's lowest card determines the
Striker. After the cards are revealed to each other, one player from each team knows the trump suit and the Striker, the other two have to guess this information during the course of the game. Only after the end of the hand - if necessary - is the trump suit made known.
411:
425:
418:
773:, whereupon the challengers immediately win the hand with two points, or accept and continue playing for the three points. The challenge may be repeated as often as desired, raising the winning score by one each time, but must be done alternately by the teams i.e. a team cannot raise twice in succession. This gives an opportunity to
757:). Some rules require such a player to reveal his or her hand before play begins, automatically winning the game with 2 points. Another rule variant provides for the player to choose between revealing the cards and automatically receiving 3 points, or continuing to play in the hope of achieving 4 points by bluffing.
1007:) may be announced. This means that the Striker is also regarded as a trump if the first player to follow the leading player has no trumps. The Striker must then be played ("Pepper" variant). Although not all cards are dealt in Watten, in Bavaria for traditional reasons it was not considered as illegal
1237:
To make it a little easier for the two players who are initially playing 'blind', it is useful to reveal the last trick played after the winner of the trick has been announced. This makes it easier to work out the trump suit and
Strikers by a process of elimination. After the next trick is finished,
1019:, they usually play the Bavarian variant described above, but with some variations. Thus, the first time the Chief Striker is played, all other players with a trump card must declare the fact, even if the Chief Striker is beaten by a Critical. Here a player is "officially" allowed to ask the partner
922:
Other signals may be sent, e.g. to suggest who should (attempt to) beat which of the opponents' cards or what card the player will play. No signalling is allowed before the
Strikers and Trumps are decided; up to that point only the dealer and forehand may look at their cards. Usually one of the two
723:
Once
Strikers and trumps are settled, forehand leads to the first trick, followed by the other players in clockwise order. The trick is won by the highest trump or the highest card of the led suit if no trumps were played. The trick winner leads to the next trick and the remaining players follow in
1233:
In Blind Watten, trumps and
Strikers are determined as follows: after the deal, the dealer and forehand show each other their lowest cards. Unlike Blind Watten, in Latinern the cards need not be sorted beforehand in order to prevent manipulation of the lowest card. The suit of the dealer's lowest
805:
Traditionally a slate is used to score with lines (||||) being chalked up to represent points. The team that takes 3 tricks wins the hand and scores the number of points being played for i.e. 2 if there were no raises or more if raises were accepted. A game is usually won by scoring 11 (or 15)
1011:
even when betting for money. On the contrary, Watten prize competitions are very popular and strongly promoted by the organizers. This assessment of Watten is, however, no longer undisputed. At least one criminal complaint of unauthorized gambling has been made.
715:), i.e. to exchange who announces Strikers. The dealer may accept this and announce the Strikers, whereupon forehand announces trumps; forehand continuing to play first. Alternatively the dealer may reject the request, in which case everything stays as it was.
821:
In one variant, both parties may no longer 'eliminate' in this situation; the tight team receives 2 points for a win, the trailing team automatically receives 3 points for a win (even if their opponents give up). But it may be raised to a 4-point game.
797:) and the cards thrown in face down if the player or players challenged choose to concede. Alternatively players may raise by saying e.g. "Four?" A raise may also be accepted by playing a card. A player raises or responds on behalf of the team.
923:
partners in a team takes the lead (for one or more rounds). It is important to leave one's opponents unclear about one's own cards and, at the same time, to learn as much as possible about their cards by observation and deduction.
752:
If a player has all three
Criticals or (regionally different) another card combination which, regardless of the order in which it is played, inevitably leads to winning at least three tricks, this is called a Machine or Engine
704:). If the other player agrees, both their hands (but not those of the other players) are discarded and they are dealt five more. Alternatively, the other player can refuse and play must continue with the cards already dealt.
731:
Unlike many other card games, there is no compulsion in Watten to follow suit or win the trick. An exception is the leading of the Chief
Striker as the first card of a hand accompanied by the call "Trump or Critical!"
1089:. Mostly, however, as in regional and national tournaments, a 'non-critical' variant is played, in which only Strikers and trump cards have greater trick-taking power. Practically unbeatable cards are called the
1031:) to find out whether this move takes an important trump out of the partner's hand and thus endangers their chances of success (e.g. if the partner only has a single, relatively high trump). Also terms like
668:("keep") it. The dealer then has the right to view and take the next card if it is Critical. In the rare case of a third underlying Critical, the cutter may take that too. If the cutter waives the right to
676:
either. The cutter may also take a card that is not
Critical as a bluff. However, if all five moves of the game are executed without the cutter playing a Critical, the team are penalized 2 points.
700:
as
Strikers i.e. A, K, O, U, 10, 9 8 or 7. The dealer then selects the trump suit. Before these announcements, either the dealer or forehand may ask for a redeal by saying "better ones please!" (
1207:
nor discussing tactics are allowed. This considerably increases the difficulty of the game because the two partners who have not bet must either guess or find out by observation what was bet.
818:). Each hand is then played for three points, but the tight team, if it feels it will lose, may 'go' after the announcement of trumps and Strikers, conceding just 2 points to their opponents.
243:), (Austrian) Tyrolean, Kritisch and Blind Watten. It is usually a 4-player game, which is "by far the most interesting", but it may also be played by 2 or 3 players. According to
334:
called "Criticals". It is primarily a game for four players, with the partnered pairs of players sitting opposite one another across the card table. It is usually played with a
1802:
867:) using facial expressions and gestures is not only allowed, but a full part of the game. To that end, partners agree secret signals beforehand. Typical signals are:
267:, which meant "last trump". However, Tyrolean historian, Hans Fink, believes the game originated in formerly Austrian South Tyrol and came from the Italian word
962:
The way cards are dealt varies from region to regions. They may be dealt individually, or in two packets of 3 + 2 (Bavaria) or 2 + 3 (South Tyrol) cards.
263:. At that time, allied French and Bavarian troops spent their spare time together in their military encampments. The name came from the French phrase,
3198:
562:. Trumps beat all the remaining cards that are not Criticals or Strikers. The trumps rank in the following order as far as tricks are concerned:
724:
turn. If a trick is won without a
Critical, Trump or Striker, i.e. only with a higher-quality card in the suit played, it is described as being
1241:
A team immediately loses the current hand if one of the two players makes statements or gives clues that give away the trump suit or Strikers.
3193:
1795:
1700:
1641:
3124:
3115:
2064:
3203:
1611:
1453:
1678:
1655:
1355:
1070:
1058:
987:
493:
487:
133:
105:
3178:
3100:
1788:
993:
510:
139:
3183:
3158:
1568:
981:
810:), which means you cannot raise the score. This is indicated on the slate by chalking a line through the points scored so far (
467:
127:
3173:
3106:
1627:
475:
1538:
959:
There are regional variations of Watten, so it is advisable for players new to the area to enquire about any differences.
688:. If the cutter or dealer have taken a Critical, they get fewer cards at this point in order to get a hand of five cards.
1077:), which is then the highest Critical card. Typically, they play for up to 11 points in Carinthia. From 9 points you are
3168:
3153:
2977:
2973:
1603:
2697:
2616:
2354:
2227:
1824:
3148:
3056:
1815:
3188:
2284:
534:), four cards of a specified number or rank. The card which is both a Striker and a trump is the Chief Striker (
2596:
314:, the latter winning by 47 games to 43. They were part of a Watten Association founded in Welsberg. In 1911 in
2196:
2136:
1909:
1743:
1735:
684:
The dealer deals five cards each, usually in packets of three and two, clockwise and in turn beginning with
295:
28:
546:). It is the fourth highest card after the Criticals. The three remaining Strikers, also called Left Ones (
2860:
2546:
685:
2996:
2922:
2865:
1872:
855:
Because the partners in a team do not know the cards that each has, signalling to one another (known as
1156:
1051:, especially in North Tyrol, Salzburg and Upper Austria the main difference is that the second highest
3163:
2521:
2496:
2059:
1971:
840:
A penalty of 3 points is often imposed for game infringements, for example if a 'tight' player bets.
661:
653:
2069:
2054:
1619:
1161:
2880:
2829:
2794:
2740:
2456:
2158:
2001:
1924:
1016:
992:
980:
509:
479:
466:
385:
363:
342:
256:
188:
138:
126:
2948:
2895:
2824:
2501:
2294:
2239:
2174:
2153:
2090:
2079:
1944:
1898:
1882:
1811:
1696:
1674:
1651:
1637:
1623:
1576:
1354:
1069:
1057:
986:
847:
or packing. In some regions packing is not only allowed, but is an integral part of the game.
492:
486:
396:
132:
104:
2835:
2784:
2687:
2561:
2536:
2324:
2279:
2269:
2254:
2206:
2095:
2016:
1955:
1866:
1860:
1165:
374:
338:
2531:
2767:
2745:
2717:
2653:
2632:
2366:
2163:
2111:
2032:
2021:
1934:
1854:
1849:
1767:
1711:
Vom Alten zum Zwanzger – Bayerische Kartenspiele for Kinder and Erwachsene – neu entdeckt.
1250:
1173:
1024:
550:) do not have a particular order of precedence; instead the first one played always wins.
260:
2591:
2551:
1210:
Another different in the South Tyrolean variant is that, for those players who have bet,
769:, raise the number of points played for during the hand by one. Their opponents may then
2576:
2386:
2147:
2121:
1939:
1877:
3142:
3076:
2991:
2958:
2885:
2566:
2481:
2319:
2274:
2026:
1688:
1457:
1230:
do not have to be played). Alternatively they can take the trick with a better card.
843:
The surreptitious removal of so-called 'trick-winning cards' is often referred to as
774:
350:
335:
299:
244:
3072:
3011:
2711:
2627:
2314:
2201:
2191:
1991:
1986:
1723:
1194:
915:
770:
660:
by the player to the right. If the bottom card of the cut stack is a Critical, the
354:
346:
331:
2840:
2426:
2168:
180:
1780:
294:
Historical references are patchy, but in 1881 a Watten tournament is reported in
3082:
3036:
2963:
2845:
2789:
2376:
2309:
2116:
2043:
2038:
1981:
1966:
948:
657:
303:
232:
228:
76:
1759:
825:
At the end of a hand, either the winning or losing team receives a black blob (
17:
2933:
2814:
2755:
2670:
2601:
2461:
2446:
2299:
2289:
2006:
1904:
559:
184:
1580:
3026:
2938:
2906:
2901:
2875:
2850:
2799:
2681:
2675:
2541:
2526:
2471:
2451:
2401:
2381:
2049:
2011:
1893:
1729:
1511:
1169:
697:
216:
192:
1929:
1552:
41:
1132:) as the second highest card. Furthermore, in North Tyrol the four-player
431:
3006:
2928:
2750:
2723:
2506:
2491:
2466:
2431:
2406:
2339:
2329:
2304:
2249:
2131:
2100:
2084:
1996:
1887:
1039:("push?" i.e. "are you going?") are used instead of the more usual ones.
1008:
649:
315:
311:
3068:
3016:
2986:
2917:
2819:
2804:
2735:
2729:
2664:
2606:
2571:
2511:
2486:
2476:
2421:
2416:
2396:
2344:
2334:
2259:
2244:
2216:
2180:
2074:
1976:
1949:
1048:
971:
766:
410:
307:
239:. There are several main variants: Bavarian, Bohemian, South Tyrolean (
236:
224:
220:
66:
947:
and plays against two defenders, who form a team) and six players (in
330:
In Bavaria, the most common form of the game uses three permanent top
3021:
3001:
2890:
2870:
2855:
2809:
2778:
2773:
2658:
2637:
2586:
2581:
2516:
2441:
2436:
2391:
2371:
2185:
2126:
2106:
1960:
1919:
1671:
Die große Humboldt-Enzyklopädie der Kartenspiele die ersten 500 Jahre
696:
Dealer and forehand look at their cards. Forehand then nominates any
1222:
be played, they must follow suit with a trump if they have one (the
424:
417:
275:), "beating" or "thumping". This is supported by sources that given
279:
as a colloquial name in South Tyrol. In Italian the game is called
255:
According to tradition the game emerged in its present form in the
3041:
2912:
2761:
2648:
2643:
2556:
2411:
2264:
2211:
2141:
1914:
1844:
1838:
1155:
707:
It is common to offer the dealer the option of a "striker swap?" (
1748:("A Bavarian export hit explained by a professional" - in German)
1238:
the old trick is then turned over and can no longer be examined.
3064:
3046:
3031:
2953:
1067:. In certain parts of Carinthia a fourth Critical is added: the
1063:
502:
1784:
1751:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1477:
247:, Watten is "hard to describe fun to play and easy to learn."
453:
The three permanent highest trumps are the three "Criticals" (
999:
In several parts of Bavaria, the demand "Trump or Critical" (
1412:
In German it also goes under various other names including
1120:
In North Tyrol, as in South Tyrol, they often play with a
1774:
931:
There are variants for two players (forehand decides the
1608:, No. 48. 2 December 1881. Bruneck: Mahl. pp. 189 – 190.
1740:("Watten - Tyrol's most popular card game" - in German)
806:
points. At 9 or 10 (13 or 14) points you are 'tight' (
744:) to check whether it will weaken the partner's hand.
359:
1764:- detailed Austrian rules and variations (in German)
3055:
2972:
2696:
2615:
2353:
2226:
1823:
174:
166:
158:
150:
120:
112:
98:
90:
82:
72:
62:
1773:Learn and play the game of Watten on the platform
349:five cards. The aim for each pair is to win three
1745:Ein bayerischer Exportschlager erklärt vom Profi
1487:
974:they usually play Watten with 32 cards and the
1673:(Orig.-Ausg ed.). Baden-Baden: Humboldt.
1669:Kastner, Hugo; Folkvord, Gerald Kador (2005).
1634:PerlĂĄggen in SĂĽdtirol: mit Watten & Bieten
893:Captain / Chief Striker - shrug right shoulder
1796:
558:After the Strikers come are the cards in the
322:(game of Watten) in which a man was stabbed.
8:
1113:; two Strikers + Sow of Trumps: three false
1109:(e.g.: three Strikers + Sow of Trumps: four
474:, the highest card in the game, named after
318:an altercation over cheating arose during a
34:
1101:) and cards that can only be beaten by the
814:), so that it is also called "struck out" (
765:If a player or team wishes, they may, when
1803:
1789:
1781:
1537:_ (1911). "Landgericht Traunstein" in the
1214:applies, so that should a trump card, the
1124:as the highest card and less often with a
793:) if the challenge is accepted, or "yes" (
116:German (Schafkopf or William Tell pattern)
40:
939:), three players (forehand cuts, chooses
310:competed against 30 from Niederdorf and
306:in which 30 players from the village of
1646:Hafele, Max and Meinhard Eiter (1999).
1632:Förderkreis Perlaggen Südtirol (2014).
1557:at www.pagat.com. Retrieved 2 Jun 2018.
1516:at www.wattn.com. Retrieved 2 Jun 2018.
1499:
1473:
1262:
927:Variants for two, three and six players
777:. A player raises by asking " going?" (
1768:Watten rules in South Tyrol (SĂĽdtirol)
1164:, with famous South Tyrolese figures:
1035:(to "expel" i.e. to raise or bet) and
445:A 32-card German-suited pack is used.
33:
1605:Pustertaler Bote: (Brunecker Zeitung)
785:). The response may be "we'll see!" (
648:Before the cards are dealt, they are
7:
1770:at watten-suedtirol.com (in German)
1737:Watten: Tirols liebstes Kartenspiel
1352:). In Austria and South Tyrol, the
1269:For example, Haider (1985), p. 424.
1144:, is very popular. In South Tyrol,
25:
3096:
3095:
1353:
1068:
1056:
991:
985:
979:
508:
491:
485:
465:
430:
423:
416:
409:
137:
131:
125:
103:
3199:Card games involving signalling
1180:In the South Tyrolean variant,
905:Trump Ober - move middle finger
899:Trump 7-10 - move little finger
526:Then follow the four Strikers (
500:, the second highest card, the
1693:The Penguin book of card games
1569:"Karteln mit dem Staatsanwalt"
911:Trump Sow - move thumb or fist
908:Trump King - move index finger
902:Trump Unter - move ring finger
1:
1756:at wattturnier.de (in German)
896:Striker - shrug left shoulder
826:
3194:William Tell deck card games
1713:Bayerischer Trachtenverband.
1663:Tiroler Brauch im Jahreslauf
1616:Watten, Bieten und Perlaggen
1444:means to "lick" or "lap up".
429:
422:
415:
408:
3125:Tarot and Tarock card games
3116:Non trick-taking card games
1488:Kastner & Folkvord 2005
570:), usually called the Sow (
3220:
1661:Haider, Friedrich (1985).
26:
3204:South Tyrolean card games
3091:
1618:. Perlen-Reihe Vol. 659.
1128:(the card just below the
219:that is mainly played in
203:, regionally also called
179:
146:Plain suits: A K O U 10–7
39:
2197:Twenty-five (Spoil Five)
345:pack, each player being
3179:Three-player card games
1812:Trick-taking card games
1753:Tournament Watten rules
1097:+ another Striker: two
951:2 teams of 3 players).
259:during the time of the
29:Watten (disambiguation)
3184:Four-player card games
3159:German deck card games
1709:Sirch, Walter (2008).
1648:Das Tiroler Watterbuch
1543:. 27 March 1912. p. 5.
1460:talks about "raising".
1456:uses the terms "bet";
1327:("Strawberry George").
1278:Also called "Greeks" (
1177:
1003:) or "Trump or Fool" (
728:("won effortlessly").
3174:Two-player card games
3107:Historical card games
2704:(except where stated)
1831:(except where stated)
1567:Hans Kratzer (2018),
1159:
734:Trumpf oder Kritisch!
672:, the dealer may not
46:The three Criticals:
1540:Rosenheimer Anzeiger
1005:Trumpf oder Narrisch
1001:Trumpf oder Kritisch
955:Regional differences
585:= "armchair potato")
27:For other uses, see
3169:Bavarian card games
3154:Austrian card games
2861:Officers' Schafkopf
1695:. London: Penguin.
1620:Perlen-Reihe Verlag
1162:Egon Rusina Moroder
692:Strikers and trumps
616:Bahnschwellenhupfer
144:CS 3xS A K O U 10–7
36:
3057:Swiss German packs
2741:Bohemian Schneider
2688:WĂĽrttemberg Tarock
1178:
343:Franconian pattern
257:Kingdom of Bavaria
191: •
187: •
183: •
3149:German traditions
3136:
3135:
2949:Wendish Schafkopf
2896:Russian Schnapsen
2705:
2621:
2360:
2233:
1832:
1702:978-0-141-03787-5
1665:. Tyrolia-Verlag.
1642:978-88-7283-523-4
1636:. Raetia, Bozen.
1160:Cards by artist,
935:; dealer chooses
829:), the so-called
639:= "cry for help")
632:= "window frame")
476:King Maximilian I
438:
437:
403:
392:
381:
370:
198:
197:
16:(Redirected from
3211:
3189:Swiss card games
3129:
3123:
3120:
3114:
3111:
3105:
3099:
3098:
2785:German Schafkopf
2701:
2619:
2358:
2231:
2070:Norseman's knock
1828:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1782:
1706:
1684:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1564:
1558:
1550:
1544:
1535:
1529:
1526:Pustertaler Bote
1523:
1517:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1461:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1410:
1404:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1334:
1328:
1325:Erdbeer-Schorsch
1293:
1287:
1276:
1270:
1267:
1166:Reinhold Messner
1138:Ladinisch Watten
1072:
1060:
995:
989:
983:
918:) - look upwards
884:- wink right eye
837:, on the slate.
828:
738:Kirch oda Kapejn
614:= "railwayman",
542:) or Right One (
512:
495:
489:
469:
434:
427:
420:
413:
397:
386:
375:
364:
360:
141:
135:
129:
107:
44:
37:
21:
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3127:
3121:
3118:
3112:
3109:
3103:
3087:
3051:
2968:
2768:Dreierschnapsen
2746:Bohemian Watten
2718:Bauernschnapsen
2703:
2700:
2692:
2633:Bavarian Tarock
2611:
2462:Klaberjass/Bela
2357:
2349:
2230:
2222:
2022:Knock-out whist
1830:
1827:
1819:
1809:
1720:
1703:
1687:
1681:
1668:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1585:
1583:
1573:Sueddeutsche.de
1566:
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1268:
1264:
1259:
1251:Bohemian Watten
1247:
1190:Ladinian Watten
1188:), also called
1174:Luis Durnwalder
1154:
1105:are called the
1045:
1025:East Franconian
968:
957:
929:
890:- wink left eye
853:
813:
803:
763:
750:
736:; colloquially
721:
694:
682:
646:
644:Shuffle and cut
556:
524:
451:
443:
328:
326:Bavarian Watten
261:Napoleonic Wars
253:
145:
143:
121:Rank (high→low)
58:
32:
23:
22:
18:Bohemian Ramsen
15:
12:
11:
5:
3217:
3215:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3141:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3061:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2904:
2899:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2771:
2765:
2759:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2715:
2708:
2706:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2577:Tausendundeins
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2502:Officers' Skat
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2387:Bauernheinrich
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2236:
2234:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1942:
1940:Call-ace whist
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1891:
1885:
1880:
1878:Auction bridge
1875:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1835:
1833:
1821:
1820:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1771:
1765:
1757:
1749:
1741:
1733:
1719:
1718:External links
1716:
1715:
1714:
1707:
1701:
1689:Parlett, David
1685:
1679:
1666:
1659:
1644:
1630:
1609:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1559:
1545:
1530:
1528:, pp. 189–190.
1518:
1504:
1502:, p. 340.
1492:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1446:
1434:
1405:
1360:
1329:
1288:
1271:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1246:
1243:
1153:
1150:
1148:is forbidden.
1136:, also called
1044:
1041:
967:
964:
956:
953:
928:
925:
920:
919:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
885:
879:
852:
849:
811:
802:
799:
762:
759:
749:
746:
726:dant gestochen
720:
717:
693:
690:
681:
678:
645:
642:
641:
640:
633:
626:
619:
604:
597:
586:
575:
555:
552:
523:
520:
519:
518:
506:
483:
450:
447:
442:
439:
436:
435:
428:
421:
414:
406:
405:
394:
383:
372:
327:
324:
271:(in Ladinian:
252:
249:
196:
195:
177:
176:
172:
171:
168:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
152:
148:
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122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
100:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
45:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3216:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3126:
3117:
3108:
3102:
3094:
3093:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3077:Hindersi-Jass
3074:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2959:Unteransetzen
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2886:Rosbiratschka
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2836:Lusti-Kartl'n
2834:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2618:
2614:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2567:Slobberhannes
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2482:Letzter Stich
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2275:Catch the ten
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2229:
2225:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2144:(Danish) (20)
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2027:Konter a Matt
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1806:
1801:
1799:
1794:
1792:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1776:
1775:watten.online
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1761:Watten, Wattn
1758:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1680:3-89994-058-X
1676:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1656:3-7066-2211-4
1653:
1650:. Löwenzahn.
1649:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1582:
1578:
1575:(in German),
1574:
1570:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1493:
1490:, p. 51.
1489:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1467:
1459:
1458:David Parlett
1455:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1286:) regionally.
1285:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1266:
1263:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1103:Chief Striker
1100:
1096:
1095:Chief Striker
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
994:
988:
982:
977:
973:
965:
963:
960:
954:
952:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
926:
924:
917:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
873:
870:
869:
868:
866:
862:
858:
850:
848:
846:
841:
838:
836:
832:
823:
819:
817:
809:
800:
798:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
760:
758:
756:
747:
745:
743:
739:
735:
729:
727:
718:
716:
714:
710:
709:Schlagwechsel
705:
703:
699:
691:
689:
687:
679:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
643:
638:
634:
631:
627:
624:
620:
617:
613:
609:
605:
602:
598:
595:
594:Speisenträger
591:
587:
584:
583:Sesseldrucker
580:
576:
573:
569:
565:
564:
563:
561:
553:
551:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
521:
516:
511:
507:
505:
504:
499:
494:
488:
484:
481:
477:
473:
468:
464:
463:
462:
460:
456:
448:
446:
440:
433:
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419:
412:
407:
404:
401:
395:
393:
390:
384:
382:
379:
373:
371:
368:
362:
361:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
337:
336:German-suited
333:
325:
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
300:Puster Valley
297:
292:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
250:
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246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
175:Related games
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
140:
134:
128:
123:
119:
115:
111:
106:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
43:
38:
30:
19:
3128:}}
3122:{{
3119:}}
3113:{{
3110:}}
3104:{{
3073:Schieberjass
3012:Calabresella
2943:
2712:Bauernfangen
2698:German packs
2654:Haferltarock
2628:Bauerntarock
2617:German packs
2597:Twenty-eight
2552:Siebenschräm
2355:French packs
2315:Six-bid solo
2228:French packs
2202:Two-ten-jack
2192:Turkish King
1992:German whist
1987:French whist
1825:French packs
1760:
1752:
1744:
1736:
1732:(in English)
1724:
1710:
1692:
1670:
1662:
1647:
1633:
1615:
1612:Auer, Hubert
1604:
1584:, retrieved
1572:
1562:
1553:
1548:
1539:
1533:
1525:
1521:
1512:
1507:
1500:Parlett 2008
1495:
1449:
1441:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1367:Also called
1363:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1336:Also called
1332:
1324:
1320:
1319:("Artist"),
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1295:Also called
1291:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1265:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1182:Blind Watten
1181:
1179:
1145:
1142:Blind Watten
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1081:("taut") or
1078:
1074:
1062:
1052:
1046:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1020:
1014:
1004:
1000:
998:
975:
969:
961:
958:
944:
940:
936:
932:
930:
921:
887:
881:
878:- purse lips
875:
871:
864:
860:
856:
854:
844:
842:
839:
834:
830:
824:
820:
815:
807:
804:
794:
790:
789:) or "No!" (
786:
782:
778:
764:
754:
751:
741:
737:
733:
730:
725:
722:
713:Schlagtausch
712:
708:
706:
701:
695:
683:
673:
669:
665:
647:
636:
630:Fenstersteck
629:
622:
615:
611:
607:
600:
593:
589:
582:
578:
571:
567:
557:
547:
543:
539:
538:), Captain (
535:
531:
527:
525:
514:
501:
497:
471:
458:
454:
452:
444:
399:
388:
377:
366:
329:
319:
293:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
254:
240:
235:, including
212:
208:
204:
200:
199:
159:Playing time
102:32 or 33 (+
55:
51:
47:
3164:Trump group
3083:Kaiserspiel
3037:Truc y Flou
2964:Zehnerlegen
2846:Matzlfangen
2790:German Solo
2377:Bassadewitz
2310:Scharwenzel
2148:Skærvindsel
2137:Sixty-three
2117:Ristikontra
2065:Ninety-nine
1982:Forty-fives
1967:Court piece
1910:Black Maria
1777:(in German)
1513:The History
1280:Griechische
1203:), neither
1186:Blindwatten
1033:Ausschaffen
949:South Tyrol
914:No trumps (
742:schadet er?
608:Eisenbahner
596:= "waiter")
590:Saalflitzer
536:Hauptschlag
530:; singular
304:South Tyrol
241:Stichwatten
233:South Tyrol
229:Switzerland
77:Plain-trick
3143:Categories
2934:Trischettn
2815:Kein Stich
2756:Doppelkopf
2671:Mulatschak
2602:Zwanzig ab
2547:Sheepshead
2532:Préférence
2320:Svängknack
2300:Marjapussi
2290:Hindersche
2164:Spoil Five
2007:Hucklebuck
1905:Black lady
1628:3852234336
1622:, Vienna.
1602:_ (1881).
1597:Literature
1586:2018-03-08
1468:References
1358:6 is used.
1087:nachkaufen
1029:schadet er
851:Signalling
816:gestrichen
812:||||| ||||
625:= "snack")
560:trump suit
554:Trump suit
517:("Point").
296:Niederdorf
185:Kaiserjass
3027:Tressette
2997:Botifarra
2939:Wallachen
2923:Sixty-six
2907:Schnapsen
2902:Schafkopf
2876:Ramscheln
2866:Quodlibet
2851:Mauscheln
2800:Grasobern
2682:Schnalzen
2676:Perlaggen
2542:Schwimmen
2527:Preferans
2472:Klaverjas
2452:Herzblatt
2447:FĂĽnf dazu
2402:Bierlachs
2382:Bauerchen
2169:Stýrivolt
2050:Lanterloo
2012:Kachufool
1894:Bid whist
1873:All fours
1730:pagat.com
1728:rules at
1581:0174-4917
1442:schlecken
1385:Bsoachter
1257:Footnotes
1212:Farbzwang
1195:Ladinisch
1170:Eva Klotz
1021:schadd er
1017:Franconia
976:Criticals
702:Schönere!
698:card rank
637:Notschrei
601:Bochramma
540:Hauptmann
455:Kritische
449:Criticals
320:Wattspiel
217:card game
193:Perlaggen
181:Karnöffel
162:10 min. +
154:Clockwise
3101:Category
3007:Briscola
2929:Sticheln
2751:Bolachen
2724:Bierkopf
2702:32 cards
2644:Brusbart
2620:36 cards
2522:Polignac
2507:Oma Skat
2497:Mistigri
2492:Marjolet
2467:Klammern
2407:Brandeln
2359:32 cards
2340:Viersche
2330:Tarabish
2305:Rutersju
2232:36 cards
2132:Sheng ji
2122:Rödskägg
2101:Polskpas
2085:Pinochle
2060:Napoleon
2044:KnĂĽffeln
2039:Köpknack
1997:Gong Zhu
1972:Cucumber
1829:52 cards
1691:(2008).
1614:(2015).
1284:Griechen
1245:See also
1226:and the
1201:Latinern
1134:Ladinern
1099:Rechters
1091:Rechters
1053:Critical
1009:gambling
941:Strikers
933:Strikers
808:gespannt
787:Schauen!
755:Maschine
686:forehand
650:shuffled
623:Brotzeit
522:Strikers
400:Schellen
387:Hearts (
376:Leaves (
365:Acorns (
339:Bavarian
316:Chieming
312:Welsberg
213:Wattlung
124:Trumps:
94:Bluffing
3069:Chratze
2987:Aluette
2978:Spanish
2974:Italian
2918:Sedmice
2820:Lampeln
2805:Herzeln
2736:Blattla
2730:Binokel
2665:Kratzen
2607:Zwicken
2572:Solo 66
2512:Pilotta
2487:Manille
2477:Letzter
2422:Coinche
2417:Chouine
2397:Bezique
2345:Voormsi
2335:Trekort
2217:Zwikken
2181:Tarneeb
2075:Oh hell
2055:Mizerka
1977:Femkort
1950:Clabber
1401:Gspeitz
1377:Soacher
1218:or the
1130:Rechter
1093:(e.g.:
1079:gsponnt
1055:is the
1049:Austria
1043:Austria
972:Bavaria
966:Bavaria
845:Packeln
831:Bummerl
801:Winning
767:on lead
761:Raising
748:Machine
674:schleck
670:schleck
666:schleck
652:by the
599:Unter (
544:Rechter
528:Schläge
480:Bavaria
459:Kritten
398:Bells (
308:Bruneck
298:in the
285:BattadĂą
269:battere
265:va tout
245:Parlett
237:Ladinia
225:Austria
221:Bavaria
215:, is a
209:Watteln
83:Players
67:Bavaria
3022:Julepe
3002:Brisca
2992:Bestia
2944:Watten
2891:Rumpel
2881:Ramsen
2871:Ramsch
2856:Mucken
2841:Mariáš
2830:Lupfen
2810:Herzla
2795:Gilten
2781:(2x24)
2779:Gaigel
2774:Elfern
2758:(2x24)
2732:(2x24)
2659:Jaggln
2638:Bieten
2592:Tuppen
2587:Toepen
2582:Tippen
2517:Piquet
2457:Kaiser
2442:Fipsen
2437:Euchre
2427:Écarté
2392:Belote
2372:Baloot
2186:Thunee
2159:Spades
2127:Shelem
2107:Priffe
2087:(2x24)
2002:Hearts
1961:Chlust
1935:Bridge
1930:Bourré
1925:Boston
1920:Bonken
1725:Watten
1699:
1677:
1654:
1640:
1626:
1579:
1554:Watten
1454:McLeod
1389:Sächer
1373:Seuchl
1369:Spitze
1321:Machtl
1224:Rechte
1216:Rechte
1205:Deuten
1197:Watten
1146:deuten
1122:Guaten
1115:Linken
1107:Linken
1037:Schub?
990:7 and
945:trumps
937:Trumps
865:mucken
861:funken
857:deuten
779:Gehst?
662:cutter
654:dealer
612:Bahner
588:Ober (
577:King (
532:Schlag
513:7 is
367:Eichel
351:tricks
332:trumps
281:BatadĂą
277:Batten
251:Origin
201:Watten
189:Bieten
167:Chance
91:Skills
63:Origin
35:Watten
3042:Truco
2980:packs
2913:Sedma
2825:Lorum
2762:Dreeg
2649:Dobbm
2557:Sjavs
2432:Enflé
2412:Bruus
2295:Knack
2265:Bruus
2250:Bräus
2240:Agram
2212:Whist
2175:Sueca
2154:Smear
2142:Sjavs
2091:Pitch
2080:Pedro
1945:Cinch
1915:Bluke
1899:Bisca
1888:Baśka
1883:Barbu
1845:3-5-8
1839:3-2-5
1422:Haube
1418:Hauwe
1414:Haubi
1381:Soach
1350:Bölle
1346:Belle
1342:Bello
1338:Benno
1317:Maler
1309:Mattl
1301:Mäxle
1228:Guate
1220:Guate
1152:Italy
1126:Beasn
1111:Linke
1083:kronk
1061:6 or
978:are:
888:Spitz
876:Mattl
835:Bohne
833:or a
783:Geht?
775:bluff
579:König
566:Ace (
548:Linke
515:Spitz
498:Belli
496:6 is
490:7 or
470:K is
441:Cards
347:dealt
289:Baten
205:Waddn
99:Cards
56:Spitz
52:Belli
3065:Jass
3047:Tute
3032:Truc
3017:Gilé
2954:Ulti
2925:(24)
2909:(20)
2898:(24)
2832:(20)
2770:(20)
2764:(24)
2726:(20)
2720:(20)
2714:(20)
2684:(33)
2678:(33)
2667:(33)
2661:(33)
2640:(33)
2562:Skat
2537:Rams
2325:Tapp
2285:Frog
2280:Dapp
2270:Bura
2260:BrĂşs
2255:Brus
2245:BĂŞte
2219:(20)
2207:Vira
2188:(24)
2177:(40)
2171:(48)
2150:(28)
2103:(24)
2096:Phat
2046:(48)
2035:(16)
2029:(24)
2017:King
1963:(20)
1956:Clag
1952:(24)
1901:(40)
1890:(16)
1869:(24)
1867:1001
1863:(24)
1861:1000
1857:(43)
1841:(30)
1816:list
1697:ISBN
1675:ISBN
1652:ISBN
1638:ISBN
1624:ISBN
1577:ISSN
1430:Hawe
1426:Haut
1397:Bise
1393:Bisi
1313:Papa
1305:Maxl
1172:and
1075:Bugl
1064:Weli
1027:for
943:and
916:void
882:Weli
791:Nein
771:fold
719:Play
680:Deal
664:may
656:and
606:10 (
503:Weli
472:Maxi
389:Herz
378:Gras
355:hand
353:per
273:báte
231:and
170:4/10
151:Play
113:Deck
73:Type
54:and
48:Maxi
2976:or
2367:304
2112:Put
2033:Kop
1855:500
1850:400
1428:or
1297:Max
1282:or
1199:or
1140:or
1117:).
1073:U (
1047:In
1015:In
996:7.
984:K,
970:In
874:or
872:Max
863:or
781:or
711:or
658:cut
635:7 (
628:8 (
621:9 (
610:or
592:or
572:Sau
568:Ass
478:of
461:):
457:or
341:or
302:in
287:or
211:or
86:2-4
3145::
3075:,
3071:,
1571:,
1476:^
1424:,
1420:,
1416:,
1399:,
1395:,
1391:,
1387:,
1383:,
1379:,
1375:,
1371:,
1348:,
1344:,
1340:,
1323:,
1315:,
1311:,
1307:,
1303:,
1299:,
1168:,
859:,
795:Ja
581:,
357:.
291:.
283:,
227:,
223:,
207:,
136:7
130:K
108:6)
50:,
3079:)
3067:(
1818:)
1814:(
1804:e
1797:t
1790:v
1705:.
1683:.
1658:.
1432:.
1403:.
1192:(
1184:(
1176:.
1023:(
827:â—Ź
753:(
732:(
618:)
603:)
574:)
482:.
402:)
391:)
380:)
369:)
142:7
31:.
20:)
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