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Landing, located on the
Louisiana–Texas state line. Beginning with the formation of the Texas Western Railroad Company in Marshall, Texas, through the subsequent establishment in 1871 of the Texas and Pacific Railway company, which located its headquarters and shops there, Marshall was the only railroad hub in the Piney Woods of northeast Texas at the time the music developed. The sudden appearance of steam locomotives and the building of mainline tracks and tap lines to serve logging operations was pivotal to the creation of the music in terms of its sound and rhythm. It was also crucial to the rapid migration of the musical style from the rural barrel house camps to the cities and towns served by the Texas and Pacific Railway Company.
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population in the state of Texas; and given the fact that the best-documented and largest-scale turpentine camps in Texas did not occur until after 1900 in
Southeast Texas, it is most probable that boogie-woogie spread from Northeast to Southeast Texas, rather than from Southeast to Northeast Texas, or by having developed diffusely with an even density over all of the Piney Woods of East Texas. It would not be surprising if there was as yet undiscovered evidence of the earliest boogie-woogie performances buried (metaphorically or literally) in Northeast Texas.
1023:
412:. In 1901, "Hoogie Boogie" appeared in the title of published sheet music, the first known instance where a redoubling of the word "Boogie" occurs in the title of published music. (In 1880, "The Boogie Man" had occurred as the title of published music.) The first use of "Boogie" in a recording title appears to be a "blue cylinder" recording made by Edison of the "American Quartet" performing "That Syncopated Boogie Boo" in 1913. The
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Given the account of Elliot Paul, and given that Lead Belly witnessed boogie-woogie in 1899 in the
Arklatex; and given the North to South migration of the Thomas family; and given the Texas & Pacific headquarters in Marshall in the early 1870s; and given that Harrison County had the largest slave
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The most primitive of these left hand bass lines is the one that was called "the
Marshall". It is a simple, four-beats-to-the-bar figure. The second-most primitive bass-line, called "the Jefferson", is also four-beats-to-the-bar, but goes down in pitch on the last note in each four-note cycle. It has
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pianists clamoring aboard, telling them a few stories, jumping off the train, getting into another logging camp, and playing again for eight hours, barrel house. In this way the music got around—all through Texas—and eventually, of course, out of Texas. Now when this new form of piano music came from
514:
The first
Negroes who played what is called boogie-woogie, or house-rent music, and attracted attention in city slums where other Negroes held jam sessions, were from Texas. And all the Old-time Texans, black or white, are agreed that boogie piano players were first heard in the lumber and turpentine
601:
The railroad did not arrive in northeast Texas as an extension of track from existing lines from the north or the east. Rather, the first railroad locomotives and iron rails were brought to northeast Texas via steamboats from New
Orleans via the Mississippi and Red Rivers and Caddo Lake to Swanson's
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Early generation boogie-woogie players recognized basic boogie-woogie bass lines by geographical locations with which they associated them. Lee Ree
Sullivan identified a number of these left hand bass lines for Tennison in 1986. From the primitive to the complex, those identifications indicate that
634:
Anonymous black musicians, longing to grab a train and ride away from their troubles, incorporated the rhythms of the steam locomotive and the moan of their whistles into the new dance music they were playing in jukes and dance halls. Boogie-woogie forever changed piano playing, as ham-handed black
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in 1986, Sullivan told him that he was familiar with "Fast
Western" and "Fast Texas" as terms to refer to boogie-woogie in general, but not to denote the use of any specific bass figure used in boogie-woogie. Sullivan said that "Fast Western" and "Fast Texas" were terms that derived from the Texas
712:
In
January 2010, John Tennison summarized his research into the origins of boogie-woogie with the conclusion that Marshall, Texas is "the municipality whose boundaries are most likely to encompass or be closest to the point on the map which is the geographic center of gravity for all instances of
725:
On May 13, 2010, the
Marshall City Commission enacted an official declaration naming Marshall as the "birthplace" of boogie-woogie music, and embarked on a program to encourage additional historical research and to stimulate interest in and appreciation for the early African-American culture in
597:
A key to identifying the geographical area in which boogie-woogie originated is understanding the relationship of boogie-woogie music with the steam railroad, both in the sense of how the music might have been influenced by sounds associated with the arrival of steam locomotives as well as the
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migrated from Texas to Chicago and brought boogie-woogie with them, influencing a number of pianists, including Jimmy Yancey, Meade Lux Lewis, and Albert Ammons. Many elements now recognized as foundational elements of boogie-woogie are present in their 1922 song "The Fives".
236:
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The first time the modern-day spelling of "boogie-woogie" was used in a title of a published audio recording of music appears to be Pine Top Smith's December 1928 recording titled "Pine Top's Boogie Woogie", a song whose lyrics contain dance instructions to "boogie-woogie".
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The earliest documented inquiries into the geographical origin of boogie-woogie occurred in the late 1930s when oral histories from the oldest living Americans of both African and European descent revealed a broad consensus that boogie-woogie piano was first played in
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Paul Oliver also wrote that George W. Thomas "composed the theme of the New Orleans Hop Scop Blues—in spite of its title—based on the blues he had heard played by the pianists of East Texas." On February 12, 2007, Oliver confirmed to John Tennison that it was
619:, Texas was home to an environment that fostered creation of boogie-style: the lumber, cattle, turpentine, and oil industries, all served by an expanding railway system from the northern corner of East Texas to the Gulf Coast and from the Louisiana border to
358:
763:, recorded in 1928 and first released in 1929. Smith's record was the first boogie-woogie recording to be a commercial hit, and helped establish "boogie-woogie" as the name of the style. It was closely followed by another example of pure boogie-woogie, "
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Although the neighboring states of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Missouri would also produce boogie-woogie players and their boogie-woogie tunes, and despite the fact that Chicago would become known as the center for this music through such pianists as
479:", and a piano player called Pine Top (not Pine Top Smith, who was not born until 1904, but possibly Pine Top Williams or Pine Top Hill). Lead Belly was among the first guitar-players to adapt the rolling bass of boogie-woogie piano.
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The trickle of what was initially called hillbilly boogie, or Okie boogie (later to be renamed country boogie), became a flood beginning around late 1945. One notable country boogie song from this period was the
901:, and soon there were boogie-woogie songs, recorded and printed, of many different stripes. These included most famously, in the big-band genre, the ubiquitous "Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy", which was revamped by
169:
Boogie-woogie waned in popularity in the 1930s, but enjoyed a resurgence and its greatest acclaim in the 1940s, reaching audiences around the world. Among its most famous acts was the "Boogie Woogie Trio" of
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The remaining bass lines rise in complexity with distance from Marshall, Texas as one would expect variations and innovations would occur as the territory in which the music has been introduced expands.
437:'s April 1917 recording of "Boogie Rag". None of these sheet music or audio recording examples contain the musical elements that would identify them as boogie-woogie. The 1919 recordings (two takes) of "
662:, an early pianist who was already living in New Orleans by about 1910 and writing New Orleans Hop Scop Blues", which really has some of the characteristics of the music that we came to know as Boogie.
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349:
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The popularity of the Carnegie Hall concert meant work for many of the fellow boogie players and also led to the adaptation of boogie-woogie sounds to many other forms of music.
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northeast Texas that played a vital role in creating boogie-woogie music. "Birthplace of Boogie Woogie" was registered by the Marshall Convention and Visitors on June 21, 2011.
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music that became popular during the late 1920s, developed in African-American communities since the 1870s. It was eventually extended from piano to piano duo and trio, guitar,
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Western Railroad Company of Harrison County. The company was chartered on February 16, 1852, and changed its name to "Southern Pacific" in 1856. It built its first track from
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Although the Texas Western Railroad Company changed its name to Southern Pacific, Sullivan said the name "Texas Western" stuck among the slaves who constructed the railroad.
700:, about 17 miles north of Marshall, was the westernmost port of a steamboat route that connected to New Orleans via Caddo Lake, the Red River, and the Mississippi River.
1133:(whose earlier tune "The South's Gonna Do It Again" uses boogie-woogie influences) released "Boogie Woogie Fiddle Country Blues" in 1988, and three years later in 1991
542:(in the liner notes to his Treasury of Field Recordings, Vol. 2) concluded that "Fast Western" was the first term by which boogie-woogie was known. He stated that "in
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the most primitive form of the music was associated with Marshall, Texas—and that the left-hand bass lines grew more complex as the distance from Marshall increased.
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808:", as well as Meade Lux Lewis performing "Honky Tonk Train Blues" and Albert Ammons playing "Swanee River Boogie". "Roll 'Em Pete" is now considered to be an early
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where they were popular with the sophisticated set. They often played in combinations of two and even three pianos, creating a richly textured piano performance.
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247:
Boogie-woogie is not strictly a solo piano style; it can accompany singers and be featured in orchestras and small combos. It is sometimes called "eight to the
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area of northeast Texas in 1899. He said it influenced his guitar-playing. Lead Belly also said he heard boogie-woogie piano in the Fannin Street district of
1180:, two of the best-known blues pianists, are heavily boogie-woogie influenced, with the latter taking both his name and signature tune from Pinetop Smith.
554:—all Negro piano players played that way. This style was often referred to as a 'fast western' or 'fast blues' as differentiated from the 'slow blues' of
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and blues boys could easily tell from what section of the country a man came, even going so far as to name the town, by his interpretation of a piece."
1164:, some pianists and guitarists were influenced by, and employed, the traditional boogie-woogie styles. Some of the earliest and most influential were
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1214:. Twenty-first-century commentators have also noted the characteristics of boogie-woogie in the third variation of the second movement of
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used the term "Booga Rooga" to refer to a guitar bass figure that he used in "Match Box Blues". Jefferson may have heard the term from
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In sheet music literature prior to 1900, there are at least three examples of the word "boogie" in music titles in the archives of the
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After the Carnegie Hall concert, it was only natural for swing bands to incorporate the boogie-woogie beat into some of their music.
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1302:
1094:, a command of piano blues and boogie-woogie, which he had absorbed at first hand in the 1940s from Albert Ammons and Pete Johnson.
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is a famous jump blues musician. Boogie-woogie is still to be heard in clubs and on records throughout Europe and North America.
771:(1927), first released in March 1930. The performance emulated a railroad trip, perhaps lending credence to the "train theory".
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and the Saddlemen recorded "Sundown Boogie" in 1952, which once again featured the guitar playing the boogie-woogie rhythm.
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449:. Tennison has recognized these 1919 recordings as the earliest sound recordings which contain a boogie-woogie bass figure.
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Several African terms have been suggested as having some interesting linguistic precursors to "boogie": Among them are the:
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The boogie-woogie fad lasted from the late 1930s into the early 1950s, and made a major contribution to the development of
959:
1529:
Interview with Lee Ree Sullivan, Boogie Woogie pianist, 1986, Texarkana, AR-TX, by John Tennison and Alfred Tennison, Jr.
756:'s recording of "Chicago Stomps" from April 1924 is sometimes called the first complete boogie-woogie piano solo record.
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Swanson's Landing at Caddo Lake in 1857. (This Texas-based "Southern Pacific" was not connected to the more well known
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who told Oliver that performances by East Texas pianists had formed the basis for George Thomas's "Hop Scop Blues".
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1982:
742:. The Jones composition uses a boogie bass in the introduction with some variation throughout. In February 1923,
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1102:"Freight Train Boogie". More representative examples can be found in some of the songs of Western swing pioneer
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term "Mbuki Mvuki" (Mbuki: "to take off in flight"; Mvuki: "to dance wildly, as if to shake off one's clothes").
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1540:"TEXAS WESTERN RAILROAD | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)"
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originating in San Francisco, California.) The Southern Pacific of Texas was bought by the newly formed
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738:" was published in 1923 by the Clarence Williams Publishing Company. Compositional credit is given to
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1106:. The hillbilly boogie period lasted into the 1950s, the last recordings of this era were made by
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486:, who said he heard the boogie piano style there early in the 20th century, as did Leadbelly and
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contained the same boogie-woogie bass figure as appears in the 1915 "Weary Blues" sheet music by
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The African origin of these terms is consistent with the African-American origin of the music.
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Encyclopedia of Louisiana Musicians: Jazz, Blues, Cajun, Creole, Zydeco, Swamp Pop, and Gospel
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150:. While standard blues traditionally expresses a variety of emotions, boogie-woogie is mainly
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190:. There were also many very notable women boogie woogie pianists during this time, including
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Texas and Pacific Railway stops associated with names for boogie-woogie left-hand bass lines
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1210:'s first hit in 1944 was "Johanssons boogie-woogie-vals" where he mixed boogie-woogie with
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834:" in 1938, which (as "Boogie Woogie") became a hit in 1943 and 1945, and was to become the
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1987:
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1325:(UK television series), episode on Boogie Woogie, 1986, with commentary by Paul Oliver.
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475:. Some of the players he heard were Dave Alexander, who recorded for Decca in 1937 as "
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been suggested that this downturn in pitch reveals a possible New Orleans influence.
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83:
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2012:
1997:
1972:
1422:, published 1957 for Peter Davies Ltd by The Windmill Press, Kingswood, Surrey, UK.
1335:
They Have a Word for It: A Lighthearted Lexicon of Untranslatable Words and Phrases
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1195:
1115:
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in the early 1870s. Additional citations place the origins of boogie-woogie in the
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460:
271:
191:
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147:
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demonstrate. "A Wonderful Time Up There" is a boogie-woogie gospel song. In 1943,
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158:, a term of convenience in that sport). The genre had a significant influence on
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1977:
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886:", both 1940, and "Scrub Me Mamma with a Boogie Beat", in 1941. That same year,
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252:
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131:
116:
65:
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Boogie-woogie continued in country music through the end of the 20th century.
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427:
111:
88:
1896:
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camps, where nobody was at home at all. The style dates from the early 1870s.
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1967:
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was also deeply influenced by boogie-woogie, as many of his early works for
1103:
898:
835:
746:' Tampa Blue Jazz Band recorded the George W. Thomas number "The Fives" for
635:
piano players transformed the instrument into a polyrhythmic railroad train.
570:
559:
551:
467:, in the community of Leigh, said he first heard boogie-woogie piano in the
890:
had a top 10 hit single with their recording of "Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy".
1911:
1513:
Jazzmen: The Story of Hot Jazz Told in the Lives of the Men Who Created It
2213:
1222:, written between 1821 and 1822—60 years prior to creation of the genre.
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219:
139:
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orchestra had a string of boogie hits such as the original versions of "
2218:
1753:
947: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
859:
563:
543:
1350:
Liner Notes (p. 20), written by Jean-Christophe Averty, for CD album,
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779:
Boogie-woogie gained further public attention in 1938, thanks to the
658:
Texas, it moved out towards Louisiana. It was brought by people like
620:
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cultural impact the sudden emergence of the railroad might have had.
547:
275:
1297:(1st ed.). Fulham, London: Flame Tree Publishing. p. 165.
708:
Marshall and Harrison County, Texas, and the origin of boogie-woogie
459:, who played frequently with Jefferson. Lead Belly, who was born in
2203:
1953:
1211:
503:
135:
51:
392:
word "Booga" (both of which mean "to beat", as in beating a drum)
1680:
Pop Chronicles the 40s: The Lively Story of Pop Music in the 40s
1141:". In addition, some tradition-minded country artists, such as
530:"Fast Western" connection to Marshall and Harrison County, Texas
333:, although the style has been applied to popular songs such as "
154:(although not usually played for the competitive dance known as
1926:
1628:
Interview with Paul Oliver by John Tennison, February 12, 2007.
569:
According to Tennison, when he interviewed Lee Ree Sullivan in
1438:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. p. 270.
916:
897:'s band had a hit with "T.D.'s Boogie Woogie" as arranged by
759:
The first boogie-woogie hit was "Pinetop's Boogie Woogie" by
1021:
815:
These three pianists, with Turner, took up residence in the
182:. Other famous boogie woogie pianists of this peak era were
750:, considered the first example of jazz band boogie-woogie.
593:
Railroad connection to Marshall and Harrison County, Texas
1922:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1403:
1401:
1881:(Revised ed.). Lanham, Md.: The Scarecrow Press.
1750:"Christina Aguilera - Candyman (Official Music Video)"
218:
Boogie-woogie is characterized by a regular left-hand
1202:
composed "Boogie-Woogie Etude" for classical pianist
1602:
Alan Lomax, Chapter 4, "Lonesome Whistles", p. 170,
1395:(autobiography), 1990, University of Illinois Press.
1316:
1314:
482:
Texas, as the state of origin, became reinforced by
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2227:
2154:
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2021:
1960:
222:, which is transposed following the chord changes.
102:
76:
60:
44:
39:
1874:
1717:
1153:, incorporated boogie-woogie in their recordings.
713:Boogie Woogie performance between 1870 and 1880".
395:West African word "Bogi" (which means "to dance")
1877:The Story of Boogie-Woogie: A Left Hand Like God
1664:Lee Hancock, Dallas Morning News, June 18, 2010.
326:, as well as chords that lead into these ones).
1476:Boogie Blues: Women Sing and Play Boogie Woogie
1070:and ultimately to rock and roll, epitomized by
512:
639:In the 1986 television broadcast of Britain's
1938:
1796:. Dubai: Carlton Books Limited. p. 108.
1794:The Blues: From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray
1410:, Chapter 2. "Boogie Woogie" (pp. 13–40), in
8:
538:edited by Hentoff and McCarthy in 1959) and
302:(with many formal variations of it, such as
1647:. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)
1206:, who premiered and recorded it that year.
329:For the most part, boogie-woogie tunes are
1945:
1931:
1923:
36:
1593:, University of Texas Press, 1996, p. 75.
1369:"CONTENTdm Collection : Item Viewer"
1007:Learn how and when to remove this message
804:performing Turner's tribute to Johnson, "
1515:, 1939, Chapter 4: "Blues", pp. 112–113.
1474:Liner Notes by Rosetta Reitz for Album:
1156:In the many styles of blues, especially
830:'s band recorded an updated version of "
1720:Trumpet Blues - The Life of Harry James
1489:"Home : Oxford English Dictionary"
1461:, "Illuminating The Leadbelly Legend",
1358:, 1968, Universal Music S.A.S., France.
1286:
1284:
1264:
775:1930s to 1940s: Carnegie Hall and swing
1270:
1268:
1114:and his orchestra with the guitar duo
1056:
838:'s second best seller, only second to
1294:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music
645:about boogie-woogie, music historian
433:"Boogie" next occurs in the title of
206:, as well as in later years, such as
7:
1818:"Brand New Man by Brooks & Dunn"
1571:. Texas State Historical Association
1341:, Published 2000 by Sarabande Books.
945:adding citations to reliable sources
653:Now the conductors were used to the
1724:. Oxford University Press. p.
730:Development of modern boogie-woogie
1478:, 1983, Rosetta Records, New York.
1465:, August 6, 1970, Vol. 37, No. 15.
767:" by Meade Lux Lewis, recorded by
25:
846:". In 1939, at the suggestion of
2352:
2351:
2340:
2339:
2327:
1910:
1606:, New York: The New Press, 1993.
1232:
1057:Problems playing this file? See
1037:
921:
880:Beat Me Daddy (Eight To The Bar)
348:
344:Typical boogie-woogie bassline:
226:
1760:from the original on 2021-11-17
1639:"JEFFERSON, TX (MARION COUNTY)"
1253:List of boogie woogie musicians
932:needs additional citations for
251:", as much of it is written in
1604:The Land Where the Blues Began
32:Boogie-woogie (disambiguation)
1:
1511:Campbell, E. Simms Campbell,
1090:displayed on his 1979 album,
457:Huddie "Lead Belly" Ledbetter
1824:. 1991-01-01. Archived from
1644:The Handbook of Texas Online
1049:A contemporary boogie-woogie
339:Just a Closer Walk with Thee
1278:(1957), Chapter 10, p. 229.
2421:
1873:Silvester, Peter (2009) .
562:. At these gatherings the
534:Max Harrison (in the book
418:states that the word is a
29:
2385:20th-century music genres
2380:19th-century music genres
2321:
1276:That Crazy American Music
584:Texas and Pacific Railway
522:That Crazy American Music
415:Oxford English Dictionary
144:country and western music
107:
2395:American styles of music
2303:Blues musicians by genre
2003:Traditional blues verses
1569:Handbook of Texas Online
1565:"Texas Western Railroad"
1416:The Hon Gerald Lascelles
1131:The Charlie Daniels Band
832:Pine Top's Boogie Woogie
782:From Spirituals to Swing
1291:Du Noyer, Paul (2003).
1185:Western classical music
796:. The concert featured
286:are typically based on
2390:African-American music
1792:Russell, Tony (1997).
1619:, London, 1969, p. 85.
1617:The Story of the Blues
1352:Original Boogie Woogie
1166:Big Maceo Merriweather
1026:
874:. Also from 1939, the
765:Honky Tonk Train Blues
723:
664:
637:
625:
527:
465:Harrison County, Texas
463:, La., and grew up in
426:, which was used for "
1993:Musical improvisation
1846:Denk, Jeremy (2012).
1137:had a huge hit with "
1025:
884:Down the Road a Piece
858:recorded the singles
718:
651:
632:
604:
473:Shreveport, Louisiana
453:Blind Lemon Jefferson
337:" and hymns such as "
156:boogie-woogie (dance)
18:Boogie woogie (music)
1919:at Wikimedia Commons
1828:on February 22, 2004
1432:Tomko, Gene (2020).
1216:Ludwig van Beethoven
1160:and (more recently)
1139:Boot Scootin' Boogie
1108:Tennessee Ernie Ford
941:improve this article
510:of northeast Texas.
430:" as early as 1913.
30:For other uses, see
27:Genre of blues music
2049:American folk music
1756:. 7 November 2009.
1322:The South Bank Show
1220:Piano Sonata No. 32
1143:Asleep at the Wheel
888:The Andrews Sisters
642:The South Bank Show
586:on March 21, 1872.
410:Library of Congress
64:Late 19th century,
2400:Blues music genres
1563:Werner, George C.
1393:What Do They Want?
1027:
905:as her 2006 hit, "
903:Christina Aguilera
284:chord progressions
2367:
2366:
1983:Call and response
1915:Media related to
1690:978-1-55935-147-8
1135:Brooks & Dunn
1100:Delmore Brothers'
1044:
1033:"Red Dog Shuffle"
1017:
1016:
1009:
991:
769:Paramount Records
716:Tennison states:
617:Meade "Lux" Lewis
484:Jelly Roll Morton
180:Meade "Lux" Lewis
125:
124:
45:Stylistic origins
16:(Redirected from
2412:
2405:Jazz terminology
2355:
2354:
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2334:Blues portal
2332:
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2235:Rhythm and blues
2008:Twelve-bar blues
1947:
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1848:Ligeti/Beethoven
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1162:West Coast blues
1092:Cincinnati Stomp
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913:Derivative forms
848:Columbia Records
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698:Jefferson, Texas
660:George W. Thomas
580:Southern Pacific
525:
477:Black Ivory King
386:word "Boog", and
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331:twelve-bar blues
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160:rhythm and blues
94:rhythm and blues
77:Derivative forms
61:Cultural origins
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2017:
1988:Eight-bar blues
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1867:Further reading
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1714:Levinson, Peter
1712:
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1703:Tape 2, side A.
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1080:Jerry Lee Lewis
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956:"Boogie-woogie"
950:
948:
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791:record producer
777:
734:A song titled "
732:
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689:
623:and West Texas.
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576:Marshall, Texas
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1608:
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1544:Tshaonline.org
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744:Joseph Samuels
736:Tin Roof Blues
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669:Sippie Wallace
594:
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2034:Field hollers
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1917:Boogie woogie
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1888:0-8108-6924-1
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1731:
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1683:(audiobook).
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1455:
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1159:
1158:Chicago blues
1154:
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1151:George Strait
1148:
1147:Merle Haggard
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
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1112:Cliffie Stone
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997:November 2017
989:
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958: –
957:
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952:Find sources:
946:
942:
936:
935:
930:This section
928:
924:
919:
918:
912:
910:
908:
904:
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885:
881:
877:
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872:Albert Ammons
869:
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845:
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837:
833:
829:
824:
822:
821:New York City
818:
813:
811:
810:rock and roll
807:
806:Roll 'Em Pete
803:
799:
795:
792:
788:
787:Carnegie Hall
784:
783:
774:
772:
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766:
762:
761:Pinetop Smith
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680:Hersal Thomas
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676:George Thomas
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613:Albert Ammons
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492:Rosetta Reitz
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420:reduplication
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270:) time using
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208:Katie Webster
205:
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188:Freddie Slack
185:
184:Maurice Rocco
181:
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176:Albert Ammons
173:
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164:rock and roll
161:
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128:Boogie-woogie
118:
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103:Fusion genres
101:
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84:Rock and roll
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40:Boogie-woogie
38:
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19:
2356:
2344:
2325:
2182:Hill country
2161:
2094:Hill country
2072:Desert blues
2013:Walking bass
1973:Blues ballad
1961:Musical form
1876:
1847:
1841:
1830:. Retrieved
1826:the original
1821:
1812:
1793:
1787:
1779:
1774:
1762:. Retrieved
1744:
1719:
1708:
1679:
1669:
1660:
1649:. Retrieved
1642:
1633:
1624:
1616:
1611:
1603:
1598:
1590:
1585:
1573:. Retrieved
1568:
1558:
1547:. Retrieved
1543:
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1512:
1507:
1496:. Retrieved
1492:
1483:
1475:
1470:
1462:
1454:
1434:
1427:
1419:
1392:
1387:
1376:. Retrieved
1372:
1363:
1351:
1346:
1334:
1330:
1320:
1293:
1275:
1240:Blues portal
1200:Morton Gould
1196:player piano
1182:
1155:
1128:
1116:Jimmy Bryant
1096:
1091:
1084:Louis Jordan
1065:
1003:
994:
984:
977:
970:
963:
951:
939:Please help
934:verification
931:
895:Tommy Dorsey
892:
876:Will Bradley
868:Pete Johnson
852:John Hammond
840:Glenn Miller
828:Tommy Dorsey
825:
817:Café Society
814:
802:Pete Johnson
794:John Hammond
789:promoted by
780:
778:
758:
754:Jimmy Blythe
752:
748:Okeh Records
733:
724:
719:
715:
711:
702:
694:
690:
673:
665:
655:logging camp
652:
640:
638:
633:
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609:Jimmy Yancey
605:
600:
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588:
568:
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521:
513:
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488:Bunk Johnson
481:
461:Mooringsport
451:
432:
428:rent parties
423:
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404:
378:
343:
335:Swanee River
328:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
272:eighth notes
262:
246:
217:
200:Martha Davis
192:Hadda Brooks
172:Pete Johnson
168:
127:
126:
2358:Blues songs
2250:Boogie rock
2245:Biker metal
2121:New Zealand
2104:New Orleans
1978:Blues scale
1852:Jeremy Denk
1850:(booklet).
1493:www.oed.com
1208:Povel Ramel
1204:José Iturbi
1120:Speedy West
1072:Fats Domino
856:Harry James
844:In the Mood
785:concert in
647:Paul Oliver
556:New Orleans
508:Piney Woods
439:Weary Blues
375:1870s–1930s
253:common time
220:bass figure
204:Hazel Scott
152:dance music
117:boogie rock
66:Piney Woods
2374:Categories
2240:Blues rock
2146:West Coast
2044:Work songs
2039:Spirituals
1832:2016-10-05
1780:Deep Blues
1651:2016-10-05
1591:Texan Jazz
1549:2016-10-05
1498:2020-01-17
1378:2016-10-05
1259:References
1174:Otis Spann
1124:Bill Haley
1068:jump blues
1059:media help
967:newspapers
628:Alan Lomax
469:Caddo Lake
112:Jump blues
89:rockabilly
2155:Subgenres
2099:Louisiana
1968:Blue note
1897:979685923
1764:March 31,
1463:Down Beat
1420:Just Jazz
1104:Bob Wills
899:Sy Oliver
850:producer
836:swing era
674:Brothers
571:Texarkana
560:St. Louis
552:Galveston
441:" by the
2346:Category
2214:Jug band
2194:Electric
2126:Piedmont
2058:Regional
1998:Shuffles
1758:Archived
1716:(1999).
1699:31611854
1677:(1994).
1226:See also
1189:composer
907:Candyman
518:—
390:Mandingo
140:big band
2219:Skiffle
2172:Country
2116:Memphis
2084:Chicago
2029:Origins
2022:Origins
1822:Cmt.com
1754:YouTube
1575:6 April
1418:(eds),
981:scholar
882:" and "
864:Woo-Woo
860:Boo-Woo
649:noted:
630:wrote:
564:ragtime
544:Houston
370:History
282:). The
278:) (see
276:quavers
2267:Gospel
2209:Holler
2136:Turkey
2079:Canada
2067:Africa
2060:styles
1895:
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1248:Boogie
1187:, the
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812:song.
621:Dallas
615:, and
550:, and
548:Dallas
524:(1957)
424:boogie
202:, and
178:, and
148:gospel
146:, and
72:, U.S.
2291:Lists
2204:Hokum
2189:Dirty
2177:Delta
2131:Texas
2109:Swamp
2089:Delta
1954:Blues
1337:, by
1212:waltz
1110:with
988:JSTOR
974:books
866:with
504:Texas
399:Bantu
384:Hausa
136:blues
132:genre
130:is a
52:Blues
2277:Soul
2272:Jump
2255:Punk
1893:OCLC
1883:ISBN
1798:ISBN
1766:2021
1730:ISBN
1695:OCLC
1685:ISBN
1577:2021
1440:ISBN
1414:and
1299:ISBN
1176:and
1168:and
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1078:and
960:news
870:and
862:and
842:'s "
800:and
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558:and
536:Jazz
360:Play
238:Play
186:and
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