736:
379:
56:
300:
619:
43:
398:
415:
360:
333:
338:
315:
630:
diameter usually ranges between 5 and 12 cm (2 and 4.5 in), but can reach 20 cm (8 in). It is at first hemispherical, gradually becoming convex as the fungus expands and finally flat in fully mature specimens, sometimes with a slightly uplifted margin. The colour ranges from light
649:
is cylindrical, clavate or ventricose, 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 in) high by 2 to 6 cm (1 to 2.5 in) wide, cream to pale yellow, but typically lemon-yellow at the apex and usually narrowing at the base. It has no reticulation (net), but is covered in tiny pustules (scabrosities) below
653:
The tubes are pale yellow to lemon-yellow and usually do not discolour when cut, but may rarely stain faintly greenish-brown. The pores are small and rounded, lemon-yellow to chrome-yellow, not discolouring or rarely staining greenish-brown where handled or injured. The flesh is thick, soft, pale
725:
lacks scabrosities on the stem surface, while its pores are larger, angular and stain bluish when bruised. When longitudinally cut, its flesh is pinkish-brown in the lower part of the stem and sometimes discolours faintly bluish in the
837:
by some authors, and inedible by others, probably because of the peculiar odour of this species. However, it is hardly ever found in large numbers, therefore care and discretion should be exercised when intending to eat this mushroom.
654:
yellow to whitish, usually remaining the same colour when cut, or rarely becoming faintly pinkish-brown above the tubes and at the stem base. It has a sour smell somewhat reminiscent of iodine, more pronounced at the stem base.
631:
tan, pale brown, chestnut-brown, grey, ochraceous-brown, greyish-brown or olivaceous-brown and the cap of young fruit bodies is initially covered in a velvety, finely filamentous silvery-grey coating that disappears in age.
1045:
Loizides M, Bellanger JM, Assyov B, Moreau PA, Richard F (2019). "Present status and future of boletoid fungi (Boletaceae) on the island of Cyprus: cryptic and threatened diversity unraveled by 10-year study".
716:
turning violet with a drop of aqueous ammonia, while its flesh slowly turns violaceous-grey and finally greyish-black when exposed to the air. Microscopically it has longer spores, often reaching 20 ÎĽm in
947:
Wu G, Feng B, Xu J, Zhu XT, Li YC, Zeng NK, Hosen MI, Yang ZL (2014). "Molecular phylogenetic analyses redefine seven major clades and reveal 22 new generic clades in the fungal family
Boletaceae".
910:
Karsten PA. (1882). Rysslands, Finlans och den
Skandinaviska halföns Hattsvampar. Sednare Delen: Pip-, Tagg-, Hud-, Klubb- och Gelésvampar. Bidrag till Kännedom av Finlands Natur och Folk. 37: 1–257
985:
Halling, Roy E.; Fechner, Nigel; Nuhn, Mitchell; Osmundson, Todd; Soytong, Kasem; Arora, David; Binder, Manfred; Hibbett, David (2015). "Evolutionary relationships of
1507:
535:. The species' taxonomic position had long remained uncertain and various authors had placed it in different genera in the past, including the now abandoned genera
704:). Microscopically it is distinguished by the structure of its cap cuticle, which is a palisadoderm composed of spherical and shortly cylindrical cells.
1607:
1481:
1375:
299:
1274:
1211:
1133:
1227:
Watling R, Hills AE (2005). "Boletes and their allies (revised and enlarged edition)". In
Henderson DM, Orton PD, Watling R (eds.).
1183:
1158:
1612:
676:
is a trichodermium, composed of cylindrical smooth hyphae with clavate terminal cells that later collapse in mature specimens.
1533:
669:
55:
692:
and morphologically very similar, differing by its wrinkled or "hammered" cap surface, and its association hornbeam (
1330:
594:. Subsequent contributions by R. Halling and colleagues, and M. Loizides and colleagues, have since confirmed the
1592:
1602:
721:
664:
The spores are fusiform (spindle-shaped) or fusiform-ellipsoid, measuring 10–16 × 4–6 μm. Although under an
1292:
531:
of the species, which is initially felty and covered in a finely filamentous coating when viewed under a
1597:
150:
931:
28S rDNA sequence data and chemo-taxonomical analyses on the ge- neric concept of
Leccinum (Boletales)
1473:
1367:
1587:
1419:
735:
708:
585:
1063:
1022:
964:
712:
can also look very similar, but typically has a viscid cap with a wrinkled or "hammered" surface
665:
639:
510:
473:
272:
250:
238:
226:
207:
192:
176:
167:
50:
1266:
1512:
993:(Boletales), with an emphasis on Australian taxa including new species and new combinations in
1559:
1455:
1349:
1270:
1207:
1179:
1154:
1129:
627:
547:
528:
343:
1055:
1014:
956:
884:
780:
767:
646:
532:
462:
365:
276:
254:
211:
1564:
618:
42:
1546:
834:
750:
566:
studies by Wu and colleagues in 2014, confirmed that the iodine bolete does not belong in
421:
1468:
1362:
1259:
776:
590:
97:
1581:
1067:
814:
786:
761:
439:
87:
1026:
968:
1354:
563:
558:
492:
127:
1460:
1446:
1059:
17:
1538:
1494:
1414:
1388:
1324:
673:
658:
635:
584:, since collections identified as this species occupied a distinct phylogenetic
485:
480:
surface of its fruit bodies. It is widely distributed in temperate and southern
405:
385:
1315:
771:). It does not appear to be substrate-specific and has been reported from both
556:
in 2000. However, in 2008 Josef Ĺ utara transferred the fungus to the new genus
960:
772:
446:
117:
865:
595:
574:
552:
513:, an eminent mycologist of the 19th century, who placed the fungus in genus
488:
200:
107:
67:
1551:
1520:
1440:
1401:
1341:
1309:
822:
802:
694:
580:
477:
324:
305:
219:
783:, although finds in other parts of the country have also been reported.
550:
locus, mycologists
Manfred Binder and Halmut Besl placed the species in
1486:
1380:
1103:
I Boleti. Atlante pratico-monographico per la determinazione dei boleti
888:
798:
790:
755:
568:
515:
497:
186:
1499:
1393:
1525:
1406:
818:
810:
794:
700:
599:
481:
458:
450:
442:
77:
1286:
1018:
672:
fine warts and tiny “pin-pricks” are visible on their surface. The
806:
734:
617:
520:
1290:
1128:. Fungi Europaei. Vol. 8. Alassio: Edizioni Candusso.
588:
1231:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh, Scotland: Royal Botanic Garden.
1105:(in Italian) (3rd ed.). Milano, Italy: Dalla Natura.
901:
Fries, E. (1838). Epicrisis
Systematis Mycologici. :1-610
562:, based on its distinctive morphology. More elaborate
870:
s. l. in the light of the present state of knowledge"
1206:(in German). Luzern, Switzerland: Verlag Mykologia.
1430:
1299:
1197:
1195:
412:
395:
375:
357:
330:
312:
293:
1258:
1204:Pilze der Schweiz 3(1). Röhrlinge und Blätterpilze
1083:Mushrooms & Toadstools of Britain & Europe
668:they appear perfectly smooth, when viewed with a
1116:
1114:
1112:
598:of the genus, which presently includes just two
1040:
1038:
1036:
1176:Field Guide to MUSHROOMS of Britain and Europe
980:
978:
1096:
1094:
1092:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
461:-like odour when cut, more detectable in the
8:
919:Quélet L. (1886). Enchir. fung. (Paris): 158
789:testing has so far verified its presence in
1178:(English ed.). The Crowood Press Ltd.
933:(in German). Trento: Verlag Micologia 2000.
457:, because its fruit bodies tend to emit an
1287:
1261:Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America
753:associations with several species of oak (
41:
30:
942:
940:
509:The iodine bolete was first described by
1229:British Fungus Flora. Agarics and boleti
527:(meaning "rough"), likely refers to the
847:
650:the apex, sometimes browning with age.
1265:. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p.
290:
759:), but occasionally also with beech (
546:Based on preliminary analysis of the
7:
1244:British Boletes: with key to species
453:. It is commonly referred to as the
749:is ecologically versatile, forming
1202:Breitenbach J, Kränzlin F (1991).
1174:Helmut and Renate Grunert (1992).
833:The iodine bolete is described as
670:scanning electron microscope (SEM)
468:Like other members of the family,
25:
1608:Taxa named by Elias Magnus Fries
1081:Courtecuisse R, Duhem B (1995).
413:
396:
377:
358:
336:
331:
313:
298:
54:
1121:Ladurner H, Simonini G (2003).
472:has tubes and pores instead of
779:, it is occasionally found in
622:Iodine Bolete found in Ukraine
1:
1085:. London, UK: Harper-Collins.
1060:10.1016/j.funeco.2019.03.008
1007:Australian Systematic Botany
638:turns violet with a drop of
465:base or overripe specimens.
306:Mycological characteristics
1629:
961:10.1007/s13225-014-0283-8
929:Binder M, Besl H (2000).
688:is the sister-species of
495:trees, particularly oak (
182:
175:
156:
149:
51:Scientific classification
49:
40:
33:
1257:Phillips, Roger (2010).
775:and acidic soil. In the
731:Distribution and habitat
1613:Fungi described in 1838
1149:Roger Phillips (2006).
722:Xerocomus subtomentosus
1331:Hemileccinum impolitum
1301:Hemileccinum impolitum
787:Molecular phylogenetic
747:Hemileccinum impolitum
743:
741:Hemileccinum impolitum
686:Hemileccinum depilatum
623:
505:Taxonomy and phylogeny
435:Hemileccinum impolitum
295:Hemileccinum impolitum
160:Hemileccinum impolitum
35:Hemileccinum impolitum
738:
661:is olivaceous-brown.
621:
484:, where it grows in
262:Versipellis fragrans
246:Versipellis impolita
709:Leccinellum lepidum
698:) or hop-hornbeam (
234:Tubiporus impolitus
889:10.33585/cmy.60104
864:Ĺ utara J. (2008).
744:
666:optical microscope
640:ammonium hydroxide
624:
511:Elias Magnus Fries
1575:
1574:
1560:Open Tree of Life
1432:Boletus impolitus
1293:Taxon identifiers
1276:978-1-55407-651-2
1213:978-3-85604-030-7
1153:. Pan MacMillan.
1135:978-88-901057-2-2
1101:Galli R. (2007).
548:28S ribosomal RNA
429:
428:
288:Species of fungus
286:
285:
280:
266:
258:
242:
230:
229:) Bertault (1980)
215:
196:
142:H. impolitum
18:Boletus impolitus
16:(Redirected from
1620:
1568:
1567:
1555:
1554:
1542:
1541:
1539:NBNSYS0000037356
1529:
1528:
1516:
1515:
1503:
1502:
1490:
1489:
1477:
1476:
1464:
1463:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1423:
1422:
1410:
1409:
1397:
1396:
1384:
1383:
1371:
1370:
1358:
1357:
1345:
1344:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1288:
1281:
1280:
1264:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1242:Kibby G (2016).
1239:
1233:
1232:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1199:
1190:
1189:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1118:
1107:
1106:
1098:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1042:
1031:
1030:
982:
973:
972:
949:Fungal Diversity
944:
935:
934:
926:
920:
917:
911:
908:
902:
899:
893:
892:
874:
861:
781:southern England
765:) and chestnut (
533:magnifying glass
417:
416:
400:
399:
381:
380:
362:
361:
340:
339:
335:
334:
317:
316:
302:
291:
270:
264:
248:
236:
224:
205:
191:
162:
59:
58:
45:
31:
21:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1593:Fungi of Europe
1578:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1563:
1558:
1550:
1547:Observation.org
1545:
1537:
1532:
1524:
1519:
1511:
1506:
1498:
1493:
1485:
1480:
1472:
1467:
1459:
1454:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1426:
1418:
1413:
1405:
1400:
1392:
1387:
1379:
1374:
1366:
1361:
1353:
1348:
1340:
1338:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1295:
1285:
1284:
1277:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1246:(7th ed.).
1241:
1240:
1236:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1136:
1120:
1119:
1110:
1100:
1099:
1090:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1044:
1043:
1034:
1019:10.1071/SB14049
984:
983:
976:
946:
945:
938:
928:
927:
923:
918:
914:
909:
905:
900:
896:
872:
863:
862:
849:
844:
831:
751:ectomycorrhizal
733:
682:
680:Similar species
616:
507:
431:
430:
414:
397:
382:
378:
359:
337:
332:
314:
308:
303:
289:
241:) Karst. (1882)
171:
170:) Ĺ utara (2008)
164:
158:
145:
53:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1626:
1624:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1603:Fungus species
1600:
1595:
1590:
1580:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1556:
1543:
1530:
1517:
1504:
1491:
1478:
1465:
1452:
1436:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1411:
1398:
1385:
1372:
1359:
1346:
1336:
1321:
1305:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1283:
1282:
1275:
1249:
1234:
1219:
1212:
1191:
1184:
1166:
1159:
1141:
1134:
1108:
1088:
1073:
1048:Fungal Ecology
1032:
974:
936:
921:
912:
903:
894:
877:Czech Mycology
846:
845:
843:
840:
830:
827:
777:United Kingdom
732:
729:
728:
727:
718:
705:
681:
678:
615:
612:
591:Corneroboletus
506:
503:
445:of the family
427:
426:
418:
410:
409:
401:
393:
392:
383:
376:
373:
372:
363:
355:
354:
341:
328:
327:
318:
310:
309:
304:
297:
287:
284:
283:
282:
281:
259:
243:
231:
216:
197:
180:
179:
173:
172:
165:
154:
153:
147:
146:
139:
137:
133:
132:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
98:Agaricomycetes
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
47:
46:
38:
37:
27:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1625:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1337:
1332:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1278:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1262:
1253:
1250:
1245:
1238:
1235:
1230:
1223:
1220:
1215:
1209:
1205:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1185:1-85223-592-6
1181:
1177:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1160:0-330-44237-6
1156:
1152:
1145:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1077:
1074:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1054:(13): 65–81.
1053:
1049:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
981:
979:
975:
970:
966:
962:
958:
955:(1): 93–115.
954:
950:
943:
941:
937:
932:
925:
922:
916:
913:
907:
904:
898:
895:
890:
886:
882:
878:
871:
869:
860:
858:
856:
854:
852:
848:
841:
839:
836:
828:
826:
824:
820:
816:
815:Mediterranean
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:
764:
763:
758:
757:
752:
748:
742:
737:
730:
724:
723:
719:
715:
711:
710:
706:
703:
702:
697:
696:
691:
687:
684:
683:
679:
677:
675:
671:
667:
662:
660:
655:
651:
648:
643:
641:
637:
632:
629:
620:
613:
611:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
592:
587:
583:
582:
577:
576:
571:
570:
565:
561:
560:
555:
554:
549:
544:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
517:
512:
504:
502:
500:
499:
494:
490:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
466:
464:
460:
456:
455:iodine bolete
452:
448:
444:
441:
440:basidiomycete
437:
436:
425:
424:
420:Edibility is
419:
411:
408:
407:
402:
394:
391:
387:
384:
374:
371:
367:
364:
356:
353:
349:
345:
342:
329:
326:
322:
319:
311:
307:
301:
296:
292:
278:
274:
269:
263:
260:
256:
252:
247:
244:
240:
235:
232:
228:
223:
221:
217:
213:
209:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
188:
184:
183:
181:
178:
174:
169:
163:
161:
155:
152:
151:Binomial name
148:
144:
143:
138:
135:
134:
131:
130:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
88:Basidiomycota
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
73:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:
57:
52:
48:
44:
39:
36:
32:
29:
19:
1598:Edible fungi
1431:
1300:
1260:
1252:
1243:
1237:
1228:
1222:
1203:
1175:
1169:
1150:
1144:
1125:
1122:
1102:
1082:
1076:
1051:
1047:
1010:
1006:
1002:
999:Hemileccinum
998:
995:Aureoboletus
994:
990:
986:
952:
948:
930:
924:
915:
906:
897:
883:(1): 29–62.
880:
876:
867:
832:
785:
766:
760:
754:
746:
745:
740:
720:
713:
707:
699:
693:
690:H. impolitum
689:
685:
663:
656:
652:
644:
633:
625:
608:H. depilatum
607:
604:H. impolitum
603:
589:
579:
573:
567:
564:phylogenetic
559:Hemileccinum
557:
551:
545:
540:
536:
524:
514:
508:
496:
493:broad-leaved
470:H. impolitum
469:
467:
454:
449:, native to
434:
433:
432:
422:
404:
389:
369:
351:
347:
320:
294:
267:
261:
245:
233:
218:
199:
185:
159:
157:
141:
140:
129:Hemileccinum
128:
34:
28:
1495:iNaturalist
1415:NatureServe
1389:iNaturalist
1325:Wikispecies
1013:(1): 1–22.
987:Heimioporus
817:islands of
674:cap cuticle
659:spore print
636:cap cuticle
614:Description
541:Versipellis
486:mycorrhizal
406:mycorrhizal
403:Ecology is
390:olive-brown
386:Spore print
1588:Boletaceae
1582:Categories
991:Boletellus
842:References
813:, and the
773:calcareous
447:Boletaceae
118:Boletaceae
84:Division:
1447:Q54358796
1420:2.1072282
1151:Mushrooms
1124:Xerocomus
1068:181958289
1003:Xerocomus
868:Xerocomus
829:Edibility
602:species:
596:monophyly
575:Xerocomus
553:Xerocomus
537:Tubiporus
525:impolitum
489:symbiosis
222:impolitum
203:impolitus
201:Xerocomus
189:impolitus
136:Species:
108:Boletales
74:Kingdom:
68:Eukaryota
1521:MycoBank
1513:11103215
1469:Fungorum
1441:Wikidata
1402:MycoBank
1363:Fungorum
1339:BioLib:
1316:Q1323787
1310:Wikidata
1027:82844711
969:15652037
823:Sardinia
803:Portugal
768:Castanea
695:Carpinus
600:European
581:Leccinum
523:epithet
478:hymenial
325:hymenium
268:impolita
220:Leccinum
177:Synonyms
114:Family:
64:Domain:
1487:5954881
1381:2519556
799:Germany
791:Estonia
756:Quercus
717:length.
586:lineage
569:Boletus
516:Boletus
498:Quercus
476:in the
187:Boletus
124:Genus:
104:Order:
94:Class:
1526:218213
1500:363575
1474:218213
1407:511902
1394:542661
1368:511902
1273:
1210:
1182:
1157:
1132:
1066:
1025:
967:
835:edible
819:Cyprus
811:Sweden
795:France
739:Dried
701:Ostrya
519:. The
482:Europe
459:iodine
451:Europe
443:fungus
423:edible
348:convex
279:(1886)
257:(1886)
214:(1888)
195:(1838)
1565:52643
1552:14728
1508:IRMNG
1355:3KPFW
1342:60140
1064:S2CID
1023:S2CID
965:S2CID
873:(PDF)
807:Spain
762:Fagus
521:Latin
491:with
474:gills
438:is a
366:Stipe
321:Pores
277:Quél.
255:Quél.
212:Quél.
78:Fungi
1482:GBIF
1461:MCN8
1376:GBIF
1271:ISBN
1208:ISBN
1180:ISBN
1155:ISBN
1130:ISBN
1001:and
989:and
821:and
726:cap.
657:The
647:stem
645:The
634:The
626:The
606:and
539:and
463:stem
370:bare
352:flat
265:var.
1534:NBN
1456:CoL
1350:CoL
1267:266
1126:s.l
1056:doi
1015:doi
1005:".
957:doi
885:doi
714:not
628:cap
578:or
529:cap
501:).
388:is
368:is
350:or
346:is
344:Cap
323:on
273:Fr.
251:Fr.
239:Fr.
227:Fr.
208:Fr.
193:Fr.
168:Fr.
1584::
1562::
1549::
1536::
1523::
1510::
1497::
1484::
1471::
1458::
1443::
1417::
1404::
1391::
1378::
1365::
1352::
1327::
1312::
1269:.
1194:^
1111:^
1091:^
1062:.
1052:41
1050:.
1035:^
1021:.
1011:28
1009:.
997:,
977:^
963:.
953:69
951:.
939:^
881:60
879:.
875:.
850:^
825:.
809:,
805:,
801:,
797:,
793:,
642:.
610:.
572:,
543:.
275:)
253:)
210:)
1279:.
1216:.
1188:.
1163:.
1138:.
1070:.
1058::
1029:.
1017::
971:.
959::
891:.
887::
866:"
271:(
249:(
237:(
225:(
206:(
166:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
