889:
298:
46:
210:
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261:
334:
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561:
The summer cep's fruiting body is a mushroom with a swollen bulbous stem, and large convex cap. The cap is more or less round and usually up to 20(40) centimetres in diameter. It bears a velvety brown, rust to chocolate cuticle which when dry often cracks to reveal the white flesh underneath, giving
587:
The summer cep is found in woods throughout Europe, after hot and humid weather, from the start of summer until the end of autumn. It is particularly common in the south and west of France, as well as in Tosco-Emiliano
575:
are initially white, darkening with age to pale yellow and finally brown. The stipe is central (up to 16(30) cm in height) and has a strongly marked reticulated pattern with a variable white to brown colour.
638:
The summer cep, like most ceps, is edible and useful in cooking. However, its flesh is somewhat less firm than other ceps. Based on analysis of fruit bodies collected in
Portugal, there are 334
565:
The darker, more uniform shade and the velvety feel of the cap are a key feature distinguishing this species as is the vagueness or total absence of a white edge to the cap margin as seen in
1504:
666:
contains predominantly unsaturated fatty acids; mainly cis-linoleic acid, followed by cis-oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids. The carbohydrate component contains the
902:
Dentinger BT, Ammirati JF, Both EE, Desjardin DE, Halling RE, Henkel TW, Moreau PA, Nagasawa E, Soytong K, Taylor AF, Watling R, Moncalvo JM, McLaughlin DJ (2010).
1415:
1337:
209:
579:
The flesh is white and thick and remains firm if yellowish as the mushroom ages, and is often attacked by insect larvae. Its odour is pleasant.
388:). The fungus produces fruiting bodies in the summer months which are edible and popularly collected. The summer cep was formally described by
822:
516:
from southern China and Korea/northern China respectively. The common ancestor of these three species was related to a lineage consisting of
1032:
1494:
903:
730:
1224:
1402:
1188:
KalaÄŤ P. (2009). "Chemical composition and nutritional value of
European species of wild growing mushrooms: a review".
1106:
Heleno SA, Barros L, Sousa MJ, Martins A, Santos-Buelga C, Ferreira CFR (2011). "Targeted metabolites analysis in wild
546:
413:
389:
156:
807:"Diversity, Biogeographic Distribution, Ecology, and Ectomycorrhizal Relationships of the Edible Porcini Mushrooms (
1420:
966:"DNA sequence snalyses reveal abundant diversity, endemism and evidence for Asian origin of the porcini mushrooms"
815:
Mushrooms, Humans and Nature in a
Changing World: Perspectives from Ecological, Agricultural and Social Sciences
785:
45:
1489:
1499:
721:
888:
624:
has been recovered from southern Africa, where it was likely introduced, growing under the
Mexican species
1243:
1479:
140:
1430:
1329:
1298:
977:
753:
Fungorum qui in
Bavaria et Palatinatu circa Ratisbonam nascuntur icones, nativis coloribus expressae
1394:
838:
Beugelsdijk DCM, van der Linde S, Zuccarello GC, den Bakker HC, Draisma SGA, Noordeloos ME (2008).
704:-like carbohydrates—all indigestible by humans—contribute to high proportion of insoluble fibre in
601:
597:
433:
425:
401:
178:
1231:
589:
539:
522:
492:
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165:
40:
1368:
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1285:
1170:
1088:
1028:
1005:
934:
877:
818:
813:. In PĂ©rez-Moreno, JesĂşs; Guerin-Laguette, Alexis; ArzĂş, Roberto Flores; Yu, Fu-Qiang (eds.).
806:
596:. It is less host-specific than other porcini mushrooms. It occurs in Ukraine and Crimea, and
248:
1484:
1456:
1197:
1160:
1150:
1119:
995:
985:
926:
867:
859:
794:] (in Latin). Vol. 1–2. Uppsala, Sweden: Regiae Academiae Typographia. p. 422.
768:
472:
441:
284:
1438:
651:
340:
440:) in 1793, adding that it was delicious with chicken fricassee and could be found in the
981:
1324:
1165:
1138:
1000:
965:
872:
839:
682:
667:
617:
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486:
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87:
1473:
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77:
1201:
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942:
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1407:
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1350:
930:
659:
639:
609:
362:
324:
304:
1123:
709:
643:
379:
107:
1092:
863:
1311:
1137:
Günç Ergönül, Pelin; Akata, Ilgaz; Kalyoncu, Fatih; Ergönül, Bülent (2013).
811:
s. str., Boletaceae) Worldwide: State of the Art and an
Annotated Checklist"
693:
678:
97:
57:
1174:
1009:
938:
881:
1219:
1155:
756:(in Latin). Vol. 4. Erlangen, Germany: Apud J.J. Palmium. p. 78.
1443:
1376:
1277:
1260:
685:
674:
572:
266:
234:
215:
430:
Fungorum qui in
Bavaria et Palatinatu circa Ratisbonam nascuntur icones.
1342:
670:
421:
384:
378:. It occurs in deciduous forests of Europe, where it forms a symbiotic
374:
117:
1355:
964:
Feng B, Xu J, Wu G, Zeng N-K, Li Y-C, Bau T, Kost GW, Yang ZL (2012).
1381:
701:
689:
512:
was most closely related to two lineages that had been classified as
67:
1237:
1316:
32:
1079:
in Russia: species diversity, morphology, ecology and phylogeny".
593:
445:
370:
444:
in summer. the species name the species name is derived from the
650:
composition of 100 grams of dried bolete includes 22.6 grams of
1303:
1241:
1050:"] The preliminary checklist of boletoid fungi of Ukraine"
1139:"Fatty Acid Compositions of Six Wild Edible Mushroom Species"
792:
A Critical Study of
Mycology: A Synopsis of the Hymenomycetes
1071:
Fedosova, Anna G.; Kovalenko, Alexander E. (2014). "Section
692:, which accounts for up to 80–90% of dry matter in mushroom
462:
The two names have been used in literature for many years.
787:
Epicrisis
Systematis Mycologici: Seu Synopsis Hymenomycetum
496:. A genetic study of the four European species found that
508:. More extensive testing of worldwide taxa revealed that
773:(in French). Paris: Impr. nationale. pp. 371–372.
662:. By weight, fresh fruit bodies are about 91% water.
688:, and the water-insoluble structural polysaccharide
1250:
331:
314:
294:
276:
258:
240:
222:
203:
817:. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. pp. 239–242.
904:"Molecular phylogenetics of porcini mushrooms (
8:
1230:This article contains translations from the
959:
957:
955:
1238:
31:
20:
1164:
1154:
999:
989:
871:
742:
526:. Molecular analysis suggests that the
1505:Taxa named by Jacob Christian Schäffer
549:approved the name "summer bolete" for
200:
1048:Akulov, O.Yu; Pryidiuk, M.P. (2007).
919:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
1431:fa98f520-a1c9-4cf9-9abc-1e68ccdd0043
478:, alongside close relatives such as
396:in 1774, which took precedence over
436:described it as Le grand Mousseux (
420:in 1774, in his series on fungi of
365:), and commonly referred to as the
382:relationship with species of oak (
14:
1112:LWT – Food Science and Technology
542:around 6 to 7 million years ago.
369:is a basidiomycete fungus of the
1218:
887:
712:than other species of mushroom.
332:
315:
296:
277:
259:
241:
223:
208:
44:
1232:French Knowledge (XXG) article
1202:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.077
1027:. Pan MacMillan. p. 275.
731:List of North American boletes
1:
767:Paulet, Jean-Jacques (1793).
571:. The tubes and pores of the
451:"summer". Swedish mycologist
1143:The Scientific World Journal
991:10.1371/journal.pone.0037567
416:described the summer cep as
1081:Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya
931:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.10.004
642:per 100 gram of bolete (as
547:British Mycological Society
216:Mycological characteristics
1521:
520:and the genetically close
1124:10.1016/j.lwt.2011.01.017
840:"A phylogenetic study of
805:Gallardi, Matteo (2020).
562:the appearance of a net.
528:B. aereus/mamorensis
171:
164:
146:
139:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
1023:Phillips, Roger (2006).
864:10.3767/003158508X283692
708:. It also contains more
583:Distribution and habitat
414:Jacob Christian Schäffer
390:Jacob Christian Schäffer
1495:Fungi described in 1763
455:followed Paulet, using
770:Traité des champignons
355:(alternately known as
784:Fries, E. M. (1838).
750:Schäffer JC. (1774).
616:, and as far east as
1227:at Wikimedia Commons
438:Tubiporus aestivalis
175:Tubiporus aestivalis
1252:Boletus reticulatus
1225:Boletus reticulatus
1156:10.1155/2013/163964
1054:Pagine di Micologia
982:2012PLoSO...737567F
706:B. reticulatus
658:, and 2.6 grams of
622:Boletus reticulatus
602:Karachay-Cherkessia
598:Republic of Karelia
551:Boletus reticulatus
532:B. reticulatus
510:B. reticulatus
498:B. reticulatus
466:Boletus reticulatus
434:Jean-Jacques Paulet
418:Boletus reticulatus
402:Jean-Jacques Paulet
394:Boletus reticulatus
352:Boletus reticulatus
205:Boletus reticulatus
189:(Paulet) Fr. (1838)
150:Boletus reticulatus
132:B. reticulatus
25:Boletus reticulatus
538:"edulis" lineages
523:B. mamorensis
493:B. pinophilus
457:Boletus aestivalis
453:Elias Magnus Fries
432:French mycologist
412:German naturalist
358:Boletus aestivalis
186:Boletus aestivalis
1467:
1466:
1452:Open Tree of Life
1244:Taxon identifiers
1223:Media related to
824:978-3-030-37378-8
468:is classified in
348:
347:
198:Species of fungus
196:
195:
190:
182:
16:Species of fungus
1512:
1460:
1459:
1447:
1446:
1434:
1433:
1424:
1423:
1411:
1410:
1408:NHMSYS0001476055
1398:
1397:
1385:
1384:
1372:
1371:
1359:
1358:
1346:
1345:
1333:
1332:
1320:
1319:
1307:
1306:
1294:
1293:
1281:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1239:
1222:
1206:
1205:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1168:
1158:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1003:
993:
961:
950:
949:
947:
941:. Archived from
916:
899:
893:
892:
891:
885:
875:
835:
829:
828:
802:
796:
795:
781:
775:
774:
764:
758:
757:
747:
654:, 55.1 grams of
442:Bois de Boulogne
400:as described by
336:
335:
319:
318:
300:
299:
281:
280:
263:
262:
245:
244:
227:
226:
212:
201:
188:
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152:
49:
48:
35:
21:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1490:Fungi of Europe
1470:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1455:
1450:
1442:
1439:Observation.org
1437:
1429:
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1419:
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1100:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1035:
1022:
1021:
1017:
963:
962:
953:
945:
914:
901:
900:
896:
886:
837:
836:
832:
825:
804:
803:
799:
783:
782:
778:
766:
765:
761:
749:
748:
744:
739:
718:
668:monosaccharides
636:
585:
559:
410:
333:
316:
301:
297:
278:
260:
242:
224:
218:
213:
199:
160:
154:
148:
135:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1518:
1516:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1500:Fungus species
1497:
1492:
1487:
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1471:
1465:
1464:
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1461:
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1435:
1425:
1412:
1399:
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1373:
1360:
1347:
1334:
1321:
1308:
1295:
1282:
1272:
1256:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1228:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1190:Food Chemistry
1180:
1129:
1118:(6): 1343–48.
1098:
1083:(in Russian).
1063:
1040:
1033:
1015:
951:
948:on 2013-05-23.
925:(3): 1276–92.
894:
830:
823:
797:
776:
759:
741:
740:
738:
735:
734:
733:
728:
717:
714:
683:polysaccharide
664:B. reticulatus
635:
632:
618:Primorsky Krai
606:Krasnodar Krai
584:
581:
568:Boletus edulis
558:
555:
518:B. aereus
514:B. edulis
506:B. aereus
487:B. edulis
481:B. aereus
409:
406:
346:
345:
337:
329:
328:
320:
312:
311:
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295:
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274:
273:
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169:
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137:
136:
129:
127:
123:
122:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
88:Agaricomycetes
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1357:
1352:
1348:
1344:
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1335:
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1326:
1322:
1318:
1313:
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1305:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1279:
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1258:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1184:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1087:(2): 86–106.
1086:
1082:
1078:
1075:of the genus
1074:
1067:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1034:0-330-44237-6
1030:
1026:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
983:
979:
976:(5): e37567.
975:
971:
967:
960:
958:
956:
952:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
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913:
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895:
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883:
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869:
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834:
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826:
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789:
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772:
771:
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746:
743:
736:
732:
729:
727:
725:
720:
719:
715:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
698:hemicellulose
695:
691:
687:
684:
680:
676:
672:
669:
665:
661:
657:
656:carbohydrates
653:
649:
648:macronutrient
645:
641:
633:
631:
629:
628:
623:
619:
615:
614:Moscow Oblast
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
582:
580:
577:
574:
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569:
563:
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454:
450:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
407:
405:
403:
399:
398:B. aestivalis
395:
391:
387:
386:
381:
377:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
359:
354:
353:
344:
343:
339:Edibility is
338:
330:
327:
326:
321:
313:
310:
306:
303:
293:
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286:
283:
275:
272:
268:
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187:
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176:
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158:
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151:
145:
142:
141:Binomial name
138:
134:
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128:
125:
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121:
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116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
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89:
86:
83:
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79:
78:Basidiomycota
76:
73:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
52:
47:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1480:Edible fungi
1251:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1146:
1142:
1132:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1066:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1024:
1018:
973:
969:
943:the original
922:
918:
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897:
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791:
786:
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769:
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752:
745:
723:
705:
663:
640:kilocalories
637:
627:Pinus patula
625:
621:
586:
578:
566:
564:
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531:
527:
521:
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497:
491:
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464:
461:
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448:
437:
429:
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411:
397:
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366:
357:
356:
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349:
341:
323:
308:
288:
270:
252:
230:
204:
185:
174:
149:
147:
131:
130:
118:
24:
18:
1390:NatureServe
1351:iNaturalist
1196:(1): 9–16.
620:in Russia.
610:Tula Oblast
557:Description
380:mycorrhizal
325:mycorrhizal
322:Ecology is
305:Spore print
1474:Categories
1110:species".
1060:(117–144).
858:(1): 1–7.
848:in Europe"
737:References
710:tocopherol
696:. Chitin,
694:cell walls
644:dry weight
426:Palatinate
367:summer cep
108:Boletaceae
74:Division:
1395:2.1072254
1369:122090240
1267:Q26203726
1093:0026-3648
1025:Mushrooms
1012:. e37567.
852:Persoonia
679:trehalose
634:Edibility
534:/Chinese
459:in 1838.
404:in 1793.
361:(Paulet)
126:Species:
98:Boletales
64:Kingdom:
58:Eukaryota
1377:MycoBank
1325:Fungorum
1275:BioLib:
1261:Wikidata
1175:23844377
1010:22629418
970:PLOS ONE
939:20970511
908:section
882:20467482
844:section
722:List of
716:See also
686:glycogen
677:and α,α-
675:mannitol
646:). The
590:Apennine
573:hymenium
540:diverged
424:and the
408:Taxonomy
267:Hymenium
235:hymenium
166:Synonyms
157:Schaeff.
104:Family:
54:Domain:
1485:Boletus
1343:5954691
1166:3690749
1149:: 1–4.
1108:Boletus
1077:Boletus
1073:Boletus
1001:3356339
978:Bibcode
910:Boletus
906:Boletus
873:2865352
846:Boletus
842:Boletus
809:Boletus
726:species
724:Boletus
671:glucose
652:protein
476:Boletus
473:section
470:Boletus
422:Bavaria
385:Quercus
375:Boletus
119:Boletus
114:Genus:
94:Order:
84:Class:
1457:697639
1428:NZOR:
1421:182632
1382:200521
1356:350216
1330:200521
1317:BOLTRE
1304:160259
1173:
1163:
1091:
1031:
1008:
998:
937:
880:
870:
821:
702:pectin
700:, and
690:chitin
681:, the
502:sister
490:, and
449:aestas
342:choice
271:adnate
253:convex
181:(1793)
179:Paulet
159:(1763)
1444:15657
1278:60126
1213:Notes
946:(PDF)
915:(PDF)
790:[
594:Italy
446:Latin
371:genus
309:olive
285:Stipe
231:Pores
68:Fungi
1416:NCBI
1364:IUCN
1338:GBIF
1312:EPPO
1291:MCZN
1171:PMID
1147:2013
1089:ISSN
1029:ISBN
1006:PMID
935:PMID
878:PMID
819:ISBN
545:The
530:and
500:was
289:bare
1403:NBN
1299:EoL
1286:CoL
1198:doi
1194:113
1161:PMC
1151:doi
1120:doi
996:PMC
986:doi
927:doi
868:PMC
860:doi
660:fat
592:in
504:to
392:as
363:Fr.
307:is
287:is
269:is
251:is
249:Cap
233:on
1476::
1454::
1441::
1418::
1405::
1392::
1379::
1366::
1353::
1340::
1327::
1314::
1301::
1288::
1263::
1192:.
1169:.
1159:.
1145:.
1141:.
1116:44
1114:.
1085:48
1058:27
1056:.
1052:.
1004:.
994:.
984:.
972:.
968:.
954:^
933:.
923:57
921:.
917:.
912:)"
876:.
866:.
856:20
854:.
850:.
673:,
630:.
612:,
608:,
604:,
600:,
553:.
536:B.
484:,
428:,
1234:.
1204:.
1200::
1177:.
1153::
1126:.
1122::
1095:.
1037:.
988::
980::
974:7
929::
884:.
862::
827:.
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