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400:, in 1887. This spur line dates to around 1840 and originally crossed the river on a stone arch bridge; however, due to alterations to the mill in the 1880s and topographical restrictions, a replacement bridge was needed. The bridge remained in service until the mill closed in 1947; switching crews used additional cars in order to avoid crossing the bridge with locomotives, and thus there was never a need for a more substantial structure. A smaller, narrower example was installed next to the railroad bridge for road traffic, which was removed sometime after World War I.
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span is 79.5 feet (24.2 m) long, 25.5 feet (7.8 m) wide and about 21 feet (6.4 m) tall. The
Bollman truss suspends the deck from a network of tension members, while the top chord resists compressive forces. The system is therefore referred to as a suspension truss. Bollman published a booklet describing the Harpers Ferry bridge and the system in general as a “suspension and trussed bridge,” which is accurate as the design lacks an active lower chord required of a strict truss bridge. Later descriptions used "suspension truss" for the design.
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The
Bollman Bridge is a two-span through-truss, resting on granite abutments at each end and a granite pier in the middle of the river. The truss structure is a mixture of wrought and cast iron. The truss configuration is the design patented by Bollman as the "Bollman suspension truss" in 1852. Each
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compression members. It was an improvement over wooden structures, as the independent structural units lessened the possibility of structural failure. After receiving a patent on
January 6, 1852, the company built about a hundred of these bridges through 1873. Their durability and ease of assembly
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styled vertical members. The cast iron end towers, which transfer the weight of the structure to the abutments and pier, are also detailed. A decorative and protective metal enclosure at the top of the towers was lost to vandalism but was replaced during the restoration work. Metal strips at each
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The bridge is brightly painted, using red oxide for the towers and the heavier compression members and an ivory color for the lighter tension members. The bridge was originally painted in a three-color scheme, documented in black-and-white photography, with specific shades unknown.
323:, is one of the oldest standing iron railroad bridges in the United States and the sole surviving example of a revolutionary design in the history of American bridge engineering. The 160-foot (48.8 m) double-span was built in 1852 at an unknown location on the main line of the
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Department of
Recreation and Parks in 1983. In 2000, it received additional preservation work and was rededicated on September 16. Today it receives regular maintenance as part of Savage Park. Nearby
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portal read "W. BOLLMAN, PATENTEE", "BALTIMORE, MD.", "BUILT BY B&O R.R. CO.", "1869" AND "RENEWED 1866". Replicas of the original strips were installed during the restoration.
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The bridge was surveyed for restoration in 1978 by
Modjeski and Masters, which noted deterioration of the floor trusses. A $ 214,200 restoration contract was let to Dewey-Jordan of
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349:. Bollman formed two companies in Baltimore, the W. Bollman and Company and the Patapsco Bridge Company, to market the bridge in North and South America.
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Witcher, T.R. (January 2020). "Preserving the
Profession's Achievements: The ASCE Historic Civil Engineering Landmark Program".
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327:. It was moved 35 years later to its present location, where it replaced the very first Bollman bridge. Today, it carries the
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It was the first successful all-metal bridge design to be adopted and consistently used on a railroad. The design employs
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Baltimore & Ohio
Railroad, Bollman Truss Bridge, Spanning Little Patuxent River, Savage, Howard County, MD
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463:, in September 1982. The bridge was restored by Wallace, Montgomery & Associates, LLP, for the
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1024:(1996). "The Bollman Bridge at Savage, Maryland: Restoring America's Quintessential Metal Truss".
876:(Report). Baltimore, Maryland: Maryland State Department of Transportation. pp. 22–24, 75, 82
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1139:", 20 photos, 7 measured drawings, 8 data pages, 4 photo caption pages
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program, designating the bridge as the first landmark. The bridge was listed on the
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University and college buildings listed on the
National Register of Historic Places
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List of bridges documented by the
Historic American Engineering Record in Maryland
1066:"National Register of Historic Places Nomination: Bollman Truss Railroad Bridge"
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greatly facilitated expansion of
American railroads in this period. Bollman's
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The bridge's paired end posts at mid-span showing connection of diagonal
2015:
Railroad bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Howard County, Maryland
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List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology (Smithsonian)
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The bridge was built for an unknown location on the main line of the
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790:"Structural Systems of the Bollman Truss Bridge at Savage, Maryland"
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has also survived, but it employs a different type of truss system.
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The New York Public Library, Astor, Lennox, and Tilden Foundation
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List of Howard County properties in the Maryland Historical Trust
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National Register of Historic Places in Howard County, Maryland
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788:
Arwade, Sanjay R.; Ariston, Liakos; Lydigsen, Thomas (2006).
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in 1852 and was moved to its present location, spanning the
769:. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office: 79–104
1101:
American Society of Civil Engineers - Bollman Truss Bridge
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Color images of the Bollman Bridge after preservation work
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Bollman Bridge with Savage Mill tower in background, 1970
1129:, including photo in 1985, at Maryland Historical Trust
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Maryland State Highway Administration (October 1995).
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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910:Digital Collections, The New York Public Library.
1234:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
759:"The Engineering Contributions of Wendel Bollman"
540:View of the bridge in 1984, following restoration
2030:Historic American Engineering Record in Maryland
1007:(1). American Society of Civil Engineers: 36–39.
483:The truss includes decorative elements, such as
1626:National Register of Historic Places portal
871:Historic Highway Bridges in Maryland: 1631-1960
680:List of National Historic Landmarks in Maryland
2040:Relocated buildings and structures in Maryland
1127:Bollman Suspension Truss Bridge, Howard County
912:"(still image) Harper's Ferry. B.&O. R.R."
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975:"Bollman Iron Truss Bridge Historical Marker"
504:Original bridge in 1982, prior to restoration
27:Historic truss bridge in Savage, Maryland, US
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2020:Railroad-related National Historic Landmarks
665:List of Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks
446:National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark
358:National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark
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596:National Register of Historic Places portal
452:on December 18, 1972, and was designated a
436:Savage Mill and Bollman Bridge in the 1970s
364:on December 18, 1972, and was designated a
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2050:Wrought iron bridges in the United States
1174:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1122:History and analysis of the Bollman truss
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471:takes its name from the historic bridge.
235:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
2025:National Historic Landmarks in Maryland
1064:Caplinger, Michael W. (July 16, 1999).
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1096:National Historic Landmark information
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843:"National Register Information System"
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407:Bollman Truss Bridge At Harpers Ferry
227:Bollman Suspension and Trussed Bridge
7:
2010:Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks
1686:National Register of Historic Places
1133:Historic American Engineering Record
848:National Register of Historic Places
450:National Register of Historic Places
362:National Register of Historic Places
1985:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridges
952:Bollman, Wendel (January 6, 1852).
564:View of the bridge and pier in 1984
442:American Society of Civil Engineers
356:designated the bridge as the first
354:American Society of Civil Engineers
36:Bollman Suspension and Truss Bridge
2000:Truss bridges in the United States
1990:Bridges in Howard County, Maryland
1589:National Historic Preservation Act
895:Howard County Historical Society.
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2055:Iron bridges in the United States
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469:Bollman Bridge Elementary School
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2035:1852 establishments in Maryland
897:Images of America Howard County
722:Great American Bridges and Dams
528:View through the bridge in 1982
360:. The bridge was listed on the
244:U.S. National Historic Landmark
2060:Suspension bridges in Maryland
1542:Federated States of Micronesia
1188:Architectural style categories
979:The Historical Marker Database
334:The Bollman design, a through
264:
163:
1:
313:Bollman Truss Railroad Bridge
1995:Railroad bridges in Maryland
725:. Wiley. pp. 121–122.
719:Jackson, Donald C. (1988).
390:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
325:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
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1594:Historic Preservation Fund
1573:American Legation, Morocco
552:View of the bridge in 1984
454:National Historic Landmark
366:National Historic Landmark
2005:Bridges completed in 1869
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1535:Lists by associated state
954:"Construction of bridges"
757:Vogel, Robert M. (1964).
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263:NRHP reference
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158:2 × 80 feet (24.4 m)
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1516:Northern Mariana Islands
131:Bollman Suspension Truss
1135:(HAER) No. MD-1, "
1068:. National Park Service
1511:Minor Outlying Islands
1494:Lists by insular areas
1208:Keeper of the Register
942: Suspension bridge
456:on February 16, 2000.
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368:on February 16, 2000.
150:160 feet (48.8 m)
1213:National Park Service
1193:Contributing property
853:National Park Service
435:
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394:Little Patuxent River
379:
317:Little Patuxent River
258:4 acres (1.6 ha)
107:Little Patuxent River
77:39.13472°N 76.82528°W
1568:District of Columbia
1106:Bollman Truss Bridge
415:tension members and
185:36 tons (72000 kips)
576:Lower cords in 1984
516:Upper cords in 1982
461:Frederick, Maryland
396:on the spur to the
384:with anchor casting
289:Designated NHL
82:39.13472; -76.82528
73: /
624:Engineering portal
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422:Wills Creek Bridge
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342:, a self-educated
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1198:Historic district
1001:Civil Engineering
329:Savage Mill Trail
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292:February 16, 2000
276:Significant dates
139:Cast and wrought
97:Savage Mill Trail
16:(Redirected from
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18:Bollman truss
1914:South Dakota
1904:Rhode Island
1887:Pennsylvania
1867:North Dakota
1440:South Dakota
1430:Rhode Island
1425:Pennsylvania
1405:North Dakota
1109:
1070:. Retrieved
1029:
1026:APT Bulletin
1025:
1022:DeLony, Eric
1004:
1000:
994:
982:. Retrieved
978:
969:
959:September 1,
957:. Retrieved
947:
928:
918:December 19,
916:. Retrieved
905:
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878:. Retrieved
846:
822:. Retrieved
815:the original
805:(1): 27–35.
802:
798:APT Bulletin
796:
783:
771:. Retrieved
766:
762:
721:
490:
482:
478:
458:
439:
413:wrought iron
410:
387:
351:
336:truss bridge
333:
312:
310:
155:Longest span
147:Total length
29:
1899:Puerto Rico
1817:Mississippi
1727:Connecticut
1561:Other areas
1521:Puerto Rico
1355:Mississippi
1270:Connecticut
1117:Savage Park
984:February 5,
880:October 12,
824:January 31,
773:October 12,
475:Description
428:Restoration
398:Savage Mill
315:across the
80: /
55:Coordinates
1979:Categories
1944:Washington
1852:New Mexico
1847:New Jersey
1717:California
1470:Washington
1390:New Mexico
1385:New Jersey
1260:California
1111:Structurae
691:References
213:Statistics
182:Load limit
68:76°49′31″W
1959:Wisconsin
1919:Tennessee
1812:Minnesota
1787:Louisiana
1480:Wisconsin
1445:Tennessee
1350:Minnesota
1325:Louisiana
1072:March 18,
417:cast iron
344:Baltimore
1939:Virginia
1877:Oklahoma
1857:New York
1832:Nebraska
1822:Missouri
1807:Michigan
1797:Maryland
1782:Kentucky
1762:Illinois
1732:Delaware
1722:Colorado
1712:Arkansas
1636:Category
1465:Virginia
1415:Oklahoma
1395:New York
1370:Nebraska
1360:Missouri
1345:Michigan
1335:Maryland
1320:Kentucky
1300:Illinois
1275:Delaware
1265:Colorado
1255:Arkansas
811:40004678
582:See also
301:Location
270:72000582
195:Designer
166:of spans
136:Material
65:39°8′5″N
1964:Wyoming
1934:Vermont
1892:covered
1827:Montana
1767:Indiana
1742:Georgia
1737:Florida
1707:Arizona
1697:Alabama
1684:on the
1682:tunnels
1678:Bridges
1582:Related
1485:Wyoming
1460:Vermont
1365:Montana
1305:Indiana
1285:Georgia
1280:Florida
1250:Arizona
1240:Alabama
1046:1504496
934:US 8624
372:History
190:History
103:Crosses
93:Carries
1882:Oregon
1837:Nevada
1777:Kansas
1752:Hawaii
1702:Alaska
1420:Oregon
1375:Nevada
1315:Kansas
1290:Hawaii
1245:Alaska
1181:Topics
1044:
939:
809:
729:
128:Design
113:Locale
1924:Texas
1792:Maine
1757:Idaho
1552:Palau
1450:Texas
1330:Maine
1295:Idaho
1042:JSTOR
874:(PDF)
818:(PDF)
807:JSTOR
793:(PDF)
485:Doric
1929:Utah
1872:Ohio
1772:Iowa
1747:Guam
1680:and
1506:Guam
1455:Utah
1410:Ohio
1310:Iowa
1074:2009
986:2022
961:2008
920:2015
882:2020
826:2012
775:2020
727:ISBN
311:The
255:Area
208:1869
141:Iron
1108:at
1034:doi
767:240
319:at
265:No.
164:No.
1981::
1054:^
1040:.
1030:27
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1013:^
1005:90
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861:^
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741:^
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331:.
1670:e
1663:t
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1236::
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963:.
922:.
884:.
828:.
777:.
735:.
177:1
169:2
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
